Chapter M: DENTICULATA, Willd. Nearly glabrous; pods loosely spiral, deeply

reticulated_, and with a _thin keeled edge_; otherwise like the last, and with the same range. (Adv. from Eu.)

12. HOSACKIA, Douglas.

Calyx-teeth nearly equal. Petals free from the diadelphous stamens; standard ovate or roundish, its claw often remote from the others; wings obovate or oblong; keel incurved. Pod linear, compressed or somewhat terete, sessile, several-seeded.--Herbs, with pinnate leaves (in ours 1--3-foliolate, with gland-like stipules), and small yellow or reddish flowers in umbels (ours solitary) upon axillary leafy-bracteate peduncles. (Named for _Dr. David Hosack_, of New York.)

1. H. Purshiana, Benth. Annual, more or less silky-villous or glabrous, often 1 deg. high or more; leaves nearly sessile, the 1--3 leaflets ovate to lanceolate (3--9'' long); peduncles often short, bracteate with a single leaflet.--N. C.; S. W. Minn. to Ark., and west to the Pacific. Very variable.

13. PSORALEA, L.

Calyx 5-cleft, persistent, the lower lobe longest. Stamens diadelphous or sometimes monadelphous. Pod seldom longer than the calyx, thick, often wrinkled, indehiscent, 1-seeded.--Perennial herbs, usually sprinkled all over or roughened (especially the calyx, pods, etc.) with glandular dots or points. Leaves mostly 3--5-foliolate. Flowers spiked or racemed, white or mostly blue-purplish. Root sometimes tuberous and farinaceous. (Name, [Greek: psorale/os], _scurfy_, from the glands or dots.)

[*] _Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate._

1. P. Onobrychis, Nutt. Nearly smooth and free from glands, _erect_ (3--5 deg. high); _leaflets lanceolate-ovate, taper-pointed_ (3' long); _stipules and bracts awl-shaped_; racemes elongated; peduncle shorter than the leaves; pods roughened and wrinkled.--River-banks, Ohio to Ill. and Mo.; also south and east to S. C. July.

2. P. stipulata, Torr. & Gray. Nearly smooth and glandless; _stems diffuse; leaflets ovate-elliptical_, reticulated; _stipules ovate; flowers in heads_ on rather short peduncles; _bracts broadly ovate, sharp-pointed_.--Rocks, S. Ind. and Ky. June, July.

3. P. melilotoides, Michx. Somewhat pubescent, more or less glandular; _stems erect_ (1--2 deg. high), slender; _leaflets lanceolate or narrowly oblong; spikes oblong_, long-peduncled; _stipules awl-shaped_; bracts ovate or lanceolate, taper-pointed; pods strongly wrinkled transversely.--Dry soil, Fla. to Tenn., S. Ind. and Kan. June.

[*][*] _Leaves palmately 3--5-foliolate; roots not tuberous._

4. P. tenuiflora, Pursh. Slender, erect, much branched and bushy (2--4 deg. high), _minutely hoary-pubescent_ when young; leaflets varying from linear to obovate-oblong (1/2--11/2' long), glandular-dotted; _flowers_ (2--3'' long) _in loose racemes_; lobes of the calyx and bracts ovate, acute; pod glandular. (P. floribunda, _Nutt._)--Prairies, Minn. to Ill., Tex., and westward. June--Sept.

5. P. argophylla, Pursh. _Silvery silky-white_ all over, erect, divergently branched (1--3 deg. high); leaflets _elliptical-lanceolate; spikes interrupted_; lobes of the calyx and _bracts lanceolate_.--High plains, N. Wisc. to Iowa, Kan., and westward. June.--Flowers 4--5'' long.

6. P. digitata, Nutt. More slender and less hoary, 1--2 deg. high; leaflets linear-oblanceolate; bracts of the interrupted spike obcordate; calyx-lobes oblong, acute.--Central Kan. to Col. and Tex.

7. P. lanceolata, Pursh. Glabrous or nearly so, yellowish green, densely punctate; leaflets 3, linear to oblanceolate; flowers small, in very short spikes; calyx 1'' long, with short broad teeth.--Central Kan. to the Sask. and westward.

[*][*][*] _Leaves palmately 5-foliolate; root tuberous; spike-like racemes dense._

8. P. esculenta, Pursh. Roughish hairy all over; stem stout (5--15' high) and erect from a tuberous or turnip-shaped farinaceous root; leaflets obovate- or lanceolate-oblong; spikes oblong, long-peduncled; lobes of the calyx and bracts lanceolate, nearly equalling the corolla (1/2' long).--High plains, Sask. to Wisc., Iowa, and Tex. June. The POMME BLANCHE, or POMME DE PRAIRIE, of the voyageurs.

9. P. hypogaea, Nutt. Tuber small; nearly acaulescent, hoary with appressed hairs; leaflets linear; spikes short-capitate, on peduncles 1/2--2' long; calyx narrow, 3--6'' long.--Central Kan. to Col. and Tex.

10. P. cuspidata, Pursh. Stout, tall, from a deep-seated tuber, hoary with appressed hairs; leaflets usually broadly oblanceolate, obtuse; flowers large, the petals (6--8'' long) exceeding the lanceolate-lobed calyx.--Central Kan. to Col. and Tex.

14. AMORPHA, L. FALSE INDIGO.

Calyx inversely conical, 5-toothed, persistent. Standard (the other petals entirely wanting!) wrapped around the stamens and style. Stamens 10, monadelphous at the very base, otherwise distinct. Pod oblong, longer than the calyx, 1--2-seeded, roughened, tardily dehiscent.--Shrubs, with odd-pinnate leaves; the leaflets marked with minute dots, usually stipellate, the midvein excurrent. Flowers violet or purple, crowded in clustered terminal spikes. (Name, [Greek: a)/morphos], _deformed_, from the absence of four of the petals.)

[*] _Pods 1-seeded; leaflets small_ (1/2' long or less), _crowded_.

1. A. canescens, Nutt. (LEAD-PLANT.) _Whitened with hoary down_ (1--3 deg. high); leaflets 15--25 pairs, oblong-elliptical, becoming smoothish above; spikes usually clustered at the summit.--Sask. to Ind. and Tex., west to the Rocky Mts.; also eastward to Ga.

2. A. microphylla, Pursh. _Nearly glabrous_ throughout, 1 deg. high or less; leaflets rather rigid; spikes usually solitary.--Sask. to Minn. and Iowa, west to the Rocky Mts.

[*][*] _Pods 2-seeded; leaflets larger, scattered._

3. A. fruticosa, L. (FALSE INDIGO.) A tall shrub, rather pubescent or smoothish, leaflets 8--12 pairs, oblong to broadly elliptical.--River-banks, S. Penn. to Fla., west to Sask., Tex., and the Rocky Mts. Very variable.

15. DALEA, L.

Calyx 5-cleft or toothed. Corolla imperfectly papilionaceous; petals all on claws; the standard heart-shaped, inserted in the bottom of the calyx; the keel and wings borne on the middle of the monadelphous sheath of filaments, which is cleft down one side. Stamens 10, rarely 9. Pod membranaceous, 1-seeded, indehiscent, enclosed in the persistent calyx.--Mostly herbs, more or less glandular-dotted, with minute stipules; the small flowers in terminal spikes or heads. (Named for _Samuel Dale_, an English botanist.)

[*] _Glabrous; flowers white or rose-color; leaflets 4--20 pairs; annuals._

1. D. alopecuroides, Willd. Erect (1--2 deg. high); leaflets 10--20 pairs, linear-oblong; flowers light rose-color or whitish, in cylindrical spikes; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, deciduous; calyx very villous, with long slender teeth.--Alluvial soil, Minn. to Ill. and Ala., west to the Rocky Mts.

2. D. laxiflora, Pursh. Erect (1--4 deg. high), branching; leaflets 3--5 pairs, linear, 2--3'' long; spikes loosely-flowered; bracts conspicuous, persistent, almost orbicular and very obtuse; petals white; calyx densely villous, the long teeth beautifully plumose.--Iowa and Mo. to Tex., west to Col.

[*][*] _Pubescent; leaflets 3--4 pairs; perennial herbs._

3. D. aurea, Nutt. Stems erect and simple, 1--3 deg. high; leaflets oblong-obovate to linear-oblong, more or less silky-pubescent; spikes solitary, oblong-ovate, very compact and densely silky; bracts short, rhombic-ovate; petals yellow.--On the plains, Mo. to Tex., and westward.

4. D. lanata, Spreng. Very pubescent throughout, 1--2 deg. high, branching; leaflets obovate to oblong-obovate, 2--3'' long; spikes slender, rather loose, the obovate acute bracts equalling the small short-toothed calyx; petals short, purple.--Central Kan. to Tex., and westward.

16. PETALOSTEMON, Michx. PRAIRIE CLOVER.

Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla indistinctly papilionaceous; petals all on thread-shaped claws, 4 of them nearly similar and spreading, borne on the top of the monadelphous and cleft sheath of filaments, alternate with the 5 anthers; the fifth (standard) inserted in the bottom of the calyx, heart-shaped or oblong. Pod membranaceous, enclosed in the calyx, indehiscent, 1--2 seeded.--Chiefly perennial herbs, upright, glandular-dotted, with crowded odd-pinnate leaves, minute stipules, and small flowers in very dense terminal and peduncled heads or spikes. (Name combined of the two Greek words for petal and stamen, alluding to the peculiar union of these organs in this genus.)

1. P. violaceus, Michx. _Smoothish; leaflets 5, narrowly linear; heads globose-ovate_, or oblong-cylindrical when old; bracts pointed, not longer than the silky-hoary calyx; _corolla rose-purple_.--Dry prairies, Minn. to Ind. and Tex., west to the Rocky Mts. July.

2. P. candidus, Michx. _Smooth; leaflets 7--9, lanceolate or linear-oblong; heads oblong_, when old cylindrical; bracts awned, longer than the nearly glabrous calyx; _corolla white_.--With n. 1.

3. P. villosus, Nutt. _Soft-downy or silky_ all over; _leaflets 13--17, linear or oblong_, small (4--5'' long); _spikes cylindrical_ (1--5' long), short-peduncled, soft-villous; _corolla rose-color_.--Wisc. to Mo., west to the Rocky Mts.

4. P. foliosus, Gray. _Smooth_, very leafy; _leaflets 15--29, linear-oblong; spikes cylindrical_, short-peduncled; bracts slender-awned from a lanceolate base, exceeding the glabrous calyx; _petals rose-color_.--River-banks, Ill. and Tenn.

5. P. multiflorus, Nutt. _Glabrous_ throughout, erect, branching; leaflets 3--9, linear to oblong; _spikes globose_, the subulate setaceous bracts much shorter than the acutely toothed calyx, petals white.--Kan. to Tex.

17. TEPHROSIA, Pers. HOARY PEA.

Calyx about equally 5-cleft. Standard roundish, usually silky outside, turned back, scarcely longer than the coherent wings and keel. Stamens monadelphous or diadelphous. Pod linear, flat, several seeded, 2-valved.--Hoary perennial herbs, with odd-pinnate leaves, and white or purplish racemed flowers. Leaflets mucronate, veiny. (Name from [Greek: tephro/s], _ash-colored_ or _hoary_.)

1. T. Virginiana, Pers. (GOAT'S RUE. CATGUT.) _Silky-villous_ with whitish hairs when young; _stem erect and simple_ (1--2 deg. high), _leafy_ to the top; leaflets 17--29, linear-oblong; flowers large and numerous, clustered in a terminal _oblong dense raceme or panicle_, yellowish-white marked with purple.--Dry sandy soil. June, July.--Roots long and slender, very tough.

2. T. spicata, Torr. & Gray. _Villous with rusty hairs_; stems branched below, straggling or ascending (2 deg. long), _few-leaved_; leaflets 9--15, obovate or oblong-wedge-shaped, often notched; _flowers few_, in a loose and interrupted _very long-peduncled spike_, reddish.--Dry soil, from Del. and Va. to Fla. and Miss. July.

3. T. hispidula, Pers. Hairy with some long and rusty or only minute and appressed pubescence; stems slender (9--24' long), divergently branched, straggling; leaflets 5--15, oblong, varying to obovate-wedge-shaped and oblanceolate; _peduncles longer than the leaves, 2--4-flowered_, flowers reddish-purple.--Dry sandy soil, Va. to Fla. and Ala.

18. INDIGOFERA, L. INDIGO.

Calyx small, equally 5-cleft. Standard roundish, silky outside, wings coherent; keel erect, gibbous or spurred at base. Stamens diadelphous; connective gland-like. Pod 1--several-seeded, septate within between the seeds.--Herbs or shrubs, mostly canescent with appressed hairs fixed by the middle, with odd-pinnate faintly-nerved leaves, and pink or purplish flowers in naked axillary spikes. (So named because some of the species yield the indigo of commerce.)

1. I. leptosepala, Nutt. A perennial herb, 1/2--2 deg. high; leaflets 5--9, oblanceolate; spikes very loose; pods linear, 6--9 seeded, obtusely 4-angled, reflexed, 1' long.--Kan. to Tex. and Fla.

19. ROBINIA, L. LOCUST-TREE.

Calyx short, 5-toothed, slightly 2-lipped. Standard large and rounded, turned back, scarcely longer than the wings and keel. Stamens diadelphous. Pod linear, flat, several-seeded, margined on the seed-bearing edge, at length 2-valved.--Trees or shrubs, often with prickly spines for stipules. Leaves odd-pinnate, the ovate or oblong leaflets stipellate. Flowers showy, in hanging axillary racemes. Base of the leaf-stalks covering the buds of the next year. (Named in honor of _John Robin_, herbalist to Henry IV. of France, and his son _Vespasian Robin_, who first cultivated the Locust-tree in Europe.)

1. R. Pseudacacia, L. (COMMON LOCUST or FALSE ACACIA.) Branches naked; _racemes slender, loose_; flowers white, fragrant; pod smooth.--S. Penn. to Ind., Iowa, and southward. Commonly cultivated as an ornamental tree, and for its valuable timber; naturalized in many places. June.

2. R. viscosa, Vent. (CLAMMY L.) _Branchlets and leaf-stalks clammy; flowers crowded in oblong racemes_, tinged with rose-color, nearly inodorous; pod glandular-hispid.--Va. to N. C. and Ga., in the mountains. Cultivated, like the last, and often escaped. June.

3. R. hispida, L. (BRISTLY L. or ROSE ACACIA.) Shrub 3--8 deg. high; _branchlets and stalks bristly_; flowers large and deep rose-color, inodorous; pods glandular-hispid.--Varies with less bristly or nearly naked branchlets; also with smaller flowers, etc.--Mts. of Va. to N. C. and Ga. May, June.

20. WISTARIA, Nutt.

Calyx campanulate, somewhat 2-lipped; upper lip of 2 short teeth, the lower of 3 longer ones. Standard roundish, large, turned back, with 2 callosities at its base; keel scythe-shaped; wings doubly auricled at the base. Stamens diadelphous. Pods elongated, thickish, knobby, stipitate, many-seeded, at length 2-valved. Seeds large.--Woody twiners, climbing high, with minute stipules, pinnate leaves of 9--13 ovate-lanceolate leaflets, with or without minute stipels, and dense racemes of large and showy lilac-purple flowers. (Dedicated to the late _Professor Wistar_, of Philadelphia.)

1. W. frutescens, Poir. Downy or smoothish when old; wings of the corolla with one short auricle and an awl-shaped one as long as the claw.--Alluvial grounds, Va. to Fla., west to S. Ind., Kan. and La. May.--Sometimes cultivated for ornament, as is the still handsomer Chinese species.

21. ASTRAGALUS, Tourn. MILK-VETCH.

Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla usually long and narrow; standard narrow, equalling or exceeding the wings and blunt keel, its sides reflexed or spreading. Stamens diadelphous. Pod several--many-seeded, various, mostly turgid, one or both sutures usually projecting into the cell, either slightly or so as to divide the cavity lengthwise into two.--Chiefly herbs (ours perennials), with odd-pinnate leaves and spiked or racemed flowers. Mature pods are usually necessary for certain identification of the species. (The ancient Greek name of a leguminous plant, as also of the ankle-bone; but the connection between the two is past all guess.)

I. _Pod turgid, completely or imperfectly 2-celled by the intrusion of the dorsal suture, the ventral suture being not at all or less deeply inflexed._--ASTRAGALUS proper.

[*] _Pod plum-shaped, succulent, becoming thick and fleshy, indehiscent, not stipitute, completely 2-celled._

1. A. caryocarpus, Ker. (GROUND PLUM.) Pale and minutely appressed-pubescent; leaflets narrowly oblong; flowers in a short spike-like raceme; _corolla violet-purple; fruit glabrous, ovate-globular, more or less pointed_, about {2/3}' in diameter, _very thick-walled_, cellular or corky when dry.--Sask. and Minn. to Mo., Col., and Tex. May.

2. A. Mexicanus, A. DC. Smoother, or pubescent with looser hairs, larger; leaflets roundish, obovate, or oblong; flowers larger (10--12'' long); calyx softly hairy; _corolla cream-color, bluish only at the tip; fruit globular, very obtuse_ and pointless, 1' or more in diameter; otherwise like the last.--Prairies and open plains, Ill. to Kan., south to Tex. The unripe fruits of both resemble green plums--whence the popular name--and are eaten, raw or cooked, by travellers.

3. A. Plattensis, Nutt. Loosely villous; stipules conspicuous; leaflets oblong, often glabrous above; flowers crowded in a short spike or oblong head, cream-color often tinged or tipped with purple; _fruit ovate, pointed_, and with the calyx _villous_.--Gravelly or sandy banks, Minn. to Ind. and Ala., west to Col. and Tex.--Var. TENNESSEENSIS, Gray, has the pod oblong and slightly curved, and much less fleshy. May.

[*][*] _Pod dry, coriaceous, cartilaginous or membranous, dehiscent._

[+] _Pod completely 2-celled, sessile._

4. A. mollissimus, Torr. _Stout, decumbent, densely silky-villous throughout and tomentose_; leaflets 19--29, ovate-oblong; peduncles elongated; spikes dense, with rather _large violet flowers_ (6--12'' long); pod narrow-oblong (5--9'' long), glabrous, somewhat obcompressed and _sulcate at both sutures_, at length incurved.--Neb. to Kan. and Tex., west to Col. The most common "loco"-plant, and said to be very poisonous to cattle.

5. A. Canadensis, L. _Tall and erect_ (1--4 deg. high), _somewhat pubescent or glabrate_; leaflets 21--27, oblong; _flowers greenish cream-color_, very numerous, in long dense spikes, pods crowded, oblong (6'' long), glabrous, _terete, scarcely sulcate_ and only on the back, nearly straight.--River-banks, western N. Y. to N. Ga., and far westward.

6. A. adsurgens, Pall. Ascending or decumbent (4--18' high), cinereous with minute appressed pubescence or glabrate; leaflets about 21, narrowly or linear-oblong; spike dense, with medium-sized pale or purplish flowers; _pubescence of calyx appressed_; pod oblong (4--5'' long), _finely pubescent, triangular-compressed, with a deep dorsal furrow, straight_.--Red River valley, Minn., to W. Kan., and westward. (Asia.)

7. A. hypoglottis, L. _Slender_ (6'--2 deg. long), diffusely procumbent or ascending, _with a rather loose pubescence_ or nearly glabrous; leaflets 15--21, oblong, obtuse or retuse; _flowers violet, capitate; calyx loosely pubescent; pod_ as in the last, but _ovate_ and _silky-villous_.--Red River valley, Minn., to central Kan. and westward.

[+][+] _Pod not completely 2-celled._

[++] _Pod stipitate, pendent._

8. A. alpinus, L. _Diffuse_ (6--12' high), smooth or slightly hairy; leaflets 13--25; flowers _violet-purple_, or at least the keel tipped with violet or blue; calyx campanulate; pod narrowly oblong, short-acuminate, _black-pubescent_, triangular-turgid, deeply grooved on the back, straight or curved, its stipe usually rather exceeding the calyx.--Rocky banks, Lab. to Maine and N. Vt.

9. A. Robbinsii, Gray. Nearly smooth and _erect_ (1 deg. high), slender; leaflets 7--11; calyx more oblong; _flowers white_; pod oblong (6'' long), obtuse or acutish, _minutely darkish-pubescent_, somewhat laterally compressed, _not dorsally sulcate_ or obsoletely so, straight or somewhat incurved, rather abruptly narrowed at base into the often included stipe.--Rocky ledges, Vt.

10. A. racemosus, Pursh. Stout (1--2 deg. high), erect or ascending, appressed-pubescent or glabrate; leaflets 13--25; flowers numerous, white, pendent; calyx campanulate, gibbous, white-pubescent; pod straight, narrow, 1' long, acute at both ends, triangular-compressed, deeply grooved on the back, the ventral edge acute.--Neb. to Mo., and westward.

[++][++] _Pod sessile._

11. A. gracilis, Nutt. Subcinereous, slender (1 deg. high or more); leaflets 11--17, linear, obtuse or retuse; racemes loose; flowers small (3'' long); _pods pendent_, 2--3'' long, coriaceous, elliptic-ovate, _concave on the back_, the ventral suture prominent, _white-hairy_, at length glabrous, _transversely veined_.--Minn. to Neb. and Mo., and westward.

12. A. distortus, Torr. & Gray. Low, diffuse, many-stemmed, subglabrous; leaflets 17--25, oblong, emarginate; flowers in a short spike, pale-purple; pod ovate- or lance-oblong, curved, 6--9'' long, glabrous, thick-coriaceous, somewhat grooved on the back, the ventral suture nearly flat.--Ill. to Iowa, Mo., Ark. and Tex.

13. A. lotiflorus, Hook. Hoary or cinereous with appressed hairs; stems very short; leaflets 7--13, lance-oblong; flowers yellowish, in few-flowered heads, with peduncles exceeding the leaves or very short; _calyx campanulate, the subulate teeth exceeding the tube_; pod oblong-ovate, 9--12'' long, acuminate, _acute at base_, canescent, the back more or less impressed, the acute ventral suture nearly straight.--Sask. to Neb. and Tex., west to the mountains.

14. A. Missouriensis, Nutt. Short-caulescent, hoary with a closely appressed silky pubescence; leaflets 5--15, oblong, elliptic or obovate; flowers few, capitate or spicate, 5--8'' long, violet; _calyx oblong, the teeth very slender_; pod oblong (1' long), acute, _obtuse at base_, pubescent, nearly straight, obcompressed or obcompressed-triangular, depressed on the back and the ventral suture more or less prominent, transversely rugulose.--Sask. to Neb. and N. Mex.

II. _Pod 1-celled, neither suture being inflexed or the ventral more intruded than the dorsal._--PHACA.

15. A. Cooperi, Gray. Nearly smooth, erect (1--2 deg. high); leaflets 11--21, elliptical or oblong, somewhat retuse, minutely hoary beneath; flowers white, rather numerous in a short spike; calyx dark-pubescent; pod coriaceous, _inflated, ovate-globose_ (6--9'' long), _acute, glabrous, slightly sulcate on both sides_, cavity webby.--Ont. and western N. Y. to Minn. and Iowa.

16. A. flexuosus, Dougl. Ashy-puberulent, ascending (1--2 deg. high); leaflets 11--21, mostly narrow; flowers small, in loose racemes; pod thin-coriaceous, _cylindric_ (8--11'' long, 2'' broad), pointed, straight or curved, puberulent, very shortly stipitate.--Red River Valley, Minn., to Col.

22. OXYTROPIS, DC.

Keel tipped with a sharp projecting point or appendage; otherwise as in Astragalus. Pod often more or less 2-celled by the intrusion of the ventral suture.--Our species are low, nearly acaulescent perennials, with tufts of numerous very short stems from a hard and thick root or rootstock, covered with scaly adnate stipules; pinnate leaves of many leaflets; peduncles scape-like, bearing a head or short spike of flowers. (Name from [Greek: o)xy/s], _sharp_, and [Greek: tro/pis], _keel_.)

[*] _Leaves simply pinnate._

1. O. campestris, DC., var. caerulea, Koch. _Pubescent or smoothish_; leaflets lanceolate or oblong; flowers violet or blue, sometimes pure white; _pods_ ovate or oblong-lanceolate, of a _thin or papery_ texture.--N. Maine to Labrador.

2. O. Lamberti, Pursh. _Silky with fine appressed hairs_; leaflets mostly linear; flowers larger, purple, violet, or sometimes white; _pods cartilaginous or firm-coriaceous_ in texture, silky-pubescent, strictly erect, cylindraceous-lanceolate and long-pointed, almost 2-celled by intrusion of the ventral suture.--Dry plains, Sask. and Minn. to Mo. and Tex., west to the mountains.

[*][*] _Leaflets numerous, mostly in fascicles of 3 or 4 or more along the rhachis._

3. O. splendens, Dougl. Silvery silky-villous (6--12' high); scape spicately several to many-flowered; flowers erect-spreading; pod ovate, erect, 2-celled, hardly surpassing the very villous calyx.--Plains of Sask. and W. Minn., to N. Mex. and the Rocky Mts.

23. GLYCYRRHIZA, Tourn. LIQUORICE.

Calyx with the two upper lobes shorter or partly united. Anther-cells confluent at the apex, the alternate ones smaller. Pod ovate or oblong-linear, compressed, often curved, clothed with rough glands or short prickles, scarcely dehiscent, few-seeded. The flower, etc., otherwise as in Astragalus.--Long perennial root sweet (whence the name, from [Greek: glyky/s], _sweet_, and [Greek: r(i/za], _root_); herbage glandular-viscid; leaves odd-pinnate, with minute stipules; flowers in axillary spikes, white or bluish.

1. G. lepidota, Nutt. (WILD LIQUORICE.) Tall (2--3 deg. high); leaflets 15--19, oblong-lanceolate, mucronate-pointed, sprinkled with little scales when young, and with corresponding dots when old; spikes peduncled, short; flowers whitish; pods oblong, beset with hooked prickles, so as to resemble the fruit of Xanthium on a smaller scale.--Minn. to Iowa and Mo., and westward; Ft. Erie, Ont.

24. AESCHYNOMENE, L. SENSITIVE JOINT-VETCH.

Calyx 2-lipped; the upper lip 2-, the lower 3-cleft. Standard roundish; keel boat-shaped. Stamens diadelphous in two sets of 5 each. Pod flattened, composed of several easily separable joints.--Leaves odd-pinnate with several pairs of leaflets, sometimes sensitive, as if shrinking from the touch (whence the name, from [Greek: ai)schynome/ne], _being ashamed_.)

1. AE. hispida, Willd. Erect, rough-bristly annual; leaflets 37--51, linear; racemes few-flowered; flowers yellow, reddish externally; pod stalked, 6--10-jointed.--Along rivers, S. Penn. to Fla. and Miss. Aug.

25. CORONILLA, L.

Calyx 5-toothed. Standard orbicular; keel incurved. Stamens diadelphous, 9 and 1. Pod terete or 4-angled, jointed; the joints oblong.--Glabrous herbs or shrubs, with pinnate leaves, and the flowers in umbels terminating axillary peduncles. (Diminutive of _corona_, a _crown_, alluding to the inflorescence.)