Chapter D (13)

=fourragère=, _adj.f._, fit for fodder. _Plantes —s_; plants fit for fodder.

=fourrageur=, _n.m._, forager; rummager.

=fourré=, _n.m._, thicket; brake, jungle.

=fourré=, =-e=, _part._, furred, interchanged; counter, secret; underhand (of blows); woody (of countries); mixed (of hay, straw); furred (of clothing); plated (of metals); stuffed (cook.). _Bois —_; wood full of thickets and briers. _Pays —_; country full of woods, hedges, etc. _Coup —_; underhand trick, thrust. _Paix —e_; peace suddenly patched up. _Médaille —e_; plated medal. _Langue —e_; savory tongue. _Toile —e_; diaper.

=fourreau=, _n.m._, case, scabbard, sheath, cover; child’s frock; front fork (of bicycle). _L’épée_, or _la lame_, _use le —_; the sword wears out the scabbard; the mind is too active for the body. _Coucher dans son —_; to sleep in one’s clothes.

=fourrer=, _v.a._, to put, to thrust; to cram, to stuff; to beat, to knock; to line with fur; (nav.) to serve (cables and ropes). _Fourrez cela dans l’armoire_; put that away into the cupboard. _Il fourre du latin dans ses discours_; he stuffs his speeches cram full of Latin. _— quelque chose dans la tête de quelqu’un_; to beat a thing into any one’s brains or head. _Il fourre son nez partout_; he pokes his nose everywhere.

_se_ =fourrer=, _v.r._, to get, to creep, in; to intrude _or_ thrust one’s self, to poke one’s self in; to wear warm clothing _or_ furs; (nav.) to serve (of cables). _Il se fourre partout_; he pokes his nose in everywhere. _Ne savoir où se —_; not to know where to hide one’s self.

=fourreur=, _n.m._, furrier.

=fourrier=, _n.m._, (obs.) harbinger; (milit.) quartermaster; (nav.) clerk. _Faire le bon —_; to help one’s self to the best pieces.

=fourrière=, _n.f._, pound, greenyard. _Mettre un cheval en —_; to impound a horse.

=fourrure=, _n.f._, fur, furred gown; (her.) vair; (nav.) service. _— de gouttière_; water-way.

=fourvoiement= (-voa-mān), _n.m._, (l.u.) going astray, wandering, blunder, mistake; (fig.) error, going the wrong way.

=fourvoyer=, _v.a._, to mislead, to lead astray, to lead into error; to baffle, to foil.

_se_ =fourvoyer=, _v.r._, to go astray, to stray, to lose one’s way; to err grossly, to go on the wrong scent.

=foustanelle=, _n.f._, fustanelle.

=fouteau=, _n.m._, (pop.) beech, beech-tree.

=foutelaie=, _n.f._, beech grove _or_ plantation.

=foyer=, _n.m._, fire-grate, hearth, fire-box (of an engine), hearthstone; (thea.) lobby, green-room; focus; (of a pipe) bowl; (fig.) seat, hot-bed, source; home. _— des acteurs_; (thea.) green-room. _— du public_; (thea.) lobby, crush-room. _Combattre pour ses —s_; to fight for one’s home. _Aimer à garder son —_; to like quiet, to like to lead a secluded life.

=frac=, _n.m._, dress coat, dress jacket.

=fracas=, _n.m._, crash, noise; din, bustle, fuss. _Avec —_; with a crash. _Faire du — dans le monde_; to make a noise or show in the world.

=fracasser=, _v.a._, to break to pieces, to shatter, to shiver.

_se_ =fracasser=, _v.r._, to break to pieces, to be shattered.

=fraction=, _n.f._, breaking; fraction; portion; (arith.) fraction.

=fractionnaire=, _adj._, fractional.

=fractionnement=, _n.m._, dividing into fractions.

=fractionner=, _v.a._, to divide into fractions.

=fracture=, _n.f._, breaking (with violence); rupture; (surg.) fracture.

=fracturé=, =-e=, _adj._, (surg.) fractured.

=fracturer=, _v.a._, (surg.) to fracture.

_se_ =fracturer=, _v.r._, (surg.) to fracture one’s self; to be fractured.

=fragiforme=, _adj._, strawberry-shaped.

=fragile=, _adj._, fragile; brittle; frail. _— comme du verre_; as brittle as glass. _—!_ glass, with care.

=fragilité=, _n.f._, fragility; brittleness; frailty.

=fragment=, _n.m._, fragment, piece, scrap, particle.

=fragmentaire=, _adj._, fragmentary, fragmental.

=fragon=, _n.m._, (bot.) butcher’s broom.

=frai=, _n.m._, spawn, spawning (of fish); fry (young fish); roe, hard roe.

=fraîchement= (frèsh-man), _adv._, coolly, freshly; coldly; newly, recently, just.

=fraîcheur=, _n.f._, coolness, freshness, bloom; coldness, dampness; floridness, ruddiness; luster, brilliancy; (nav.) flaw of wind.

=fraîchir=, _v.n._, to freshen, to begin to blow fresh, to get cool. _Le vent fraîchit_; it is beginning to blow.

=fraie=, _n.f._, spawning time.

=frairie=, _n.f._, (fam.) merry-making. _Faire —_, _être en —_; to make merry, to be merry-making.

=fra-is=, =-îche=, _adj._, cool, fresh, coldish; recent, new; youthful; florid, ruddy; newlaid (of eggs). _Temps —_; cool weather. _Eau —îche_; cold water. _Des nouvelles —îches_; fresh news. _Des œufs —_; new-laid eggs. _Du pain —_; new bread. _Plaie toute —îche_; raw wound. _Du saumon —_; fresh salmon. _Un teint —_; a florid complexion.

=frais=, _n.m._, cool, coolness, freshness; cool spots; (nav.) gale. _Mettre du vin au —_; to cool wine. _Il fait —_; it is cool. _Prendre le —_; to take the air, to go out for an airing. _Bon —_, _joli —_; (nav.) fresh gale. _Grand —_; strong gale. _Au —_; in the cool of the evening.

=frais=, _n.m.pl._, expense, expenses; charge, charges, cost, outlay. _Faux —_; incidental expenses; (jur.) untaxable costs. _Menus —_; petty expenses. _Les — d’un procès_; the costs of a lawsuit. _Tous — faits_; clear of all charges; all paid. _À grands —_; very expensively. _À peu de —_; at little cost, cheaply. _Constituer quelqu’un en —_; to put any one to expense. _Se mettre en —_; to put one’s self to expense. _Recommencer sur nouveaux —_; to begin anew, to begin over again. _À — communs_; jointly, at joint expense. _En être pour ses —_; to have lost one’s time and money. _Faire les — de_; to bear the expense of. _Faire ses —_; to cover one’s expenses. _Faire des —_; to go to _or_ to incur expense; to take trouble, to make efforts to please.

=fraise=, _n.f._, (bot.) strawberry; ruff; (fort.) fraise; (hunt.) start; crow. _— des bois_; wood _or_ wild strawberry. _— de veau_; calf’s crow.

=fraisement= (frèz-mān), _n.m._, (arch.) starlings (of bridges); (fort.) fraising.

=fraiser=, _v.a._, to plait, to ruffle; (fort.) to fraise; to knead dough thoroughly.

=fraisette=, _n.f._, small ruff.

=fraisier=, _n.m._, strawberry-plant.

=fraisil= (-zi), _n.m._, coal-dross, breeze.

=framboise=, _n.f._, (bot.) raspberry.

=framboisé=, =-e=, _part._, flavored with raspberries; having a flavor of raspberries.

=framboiser=, _v.a._, to give a raspberry flavor to.

=framboisier=, _n.m._, raspberry-bush, raspberry-plant.

=framée=, _n.f._, Frankish lance, javelin.

=franc= (fran), _n.m._, franc (French coin worth $0.193); (hort.) seedling. _Au marc le —_; at the rate of so much in the dollar.

=franc=, =-he= (fran, frānsh), _adj._, free, unconstrained, exempt from; frank, downright, open, sincere; entire, full; complete; true, real; mere; arrant; staunch, right; very; whole, clear; (paint.) bold. _— de port_; post-paid. _Compagnie —he_; free-company. _Cœur —_; open heart. _Être — du collier_; to draw freely (of horses); (fig.) to be eager, obliging, honest. _Un — charlatan_; a downright quack. _Une —he coquette_; an arrant jilt. _Avoir son — parler avec_; to speak one’s mind, to speak out; not to mince matters. _— Taupins_. _V._ =taupins=.

=franc=, _adv._, frankly, freely, plainly, openly, sincerely; clean, quite, completely, entirely.

=fran-c=, =-que=, _n._ and _adj._, Frank; Frankish.

=français=, =-e=, _adj._, French. _La langue —e_; the French tongue. _À la —e_; in the French fashion.

=français=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, Frenchman, Frenchwoman.

=français=, _n.m._, French. _Entendre le —_; to understand French. _Parler —_; to speak French; to call a spade a spade. _En bon —_; in plain terms; like a true Frenchman. _Parler — comme une vache espagnole_; to murder the French language. _Les Français_ = le Théâtre Français.

=franc-alleu=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_). _V._ =alleu=.

=francatu=, _n.m._, a kind of apple.

_de_ =franc-étable=, _adv._, (nav.) collision, foul.

=franc-fief=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) a fief possessed by a commoner.

=franc-funin=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) (nav.) white hawser.

=franchement= (frānsh-mān), _adv._, frankly, freely, openly, plainly, sincerely, unreservedly, ingenuously, boldly; really, frankly speaking. _J’avoue — que_; I readily admit that.

=franchir=, _v.a._, to leap, to get over; to clear; to pass, to pass over, to overstep, to go beyond, to break through; to cross, to traverse; to surmount; (nav.) to head (the sea). _Il a franchi le fossé_; he has jumped over the ditch. _— une barrière_; to clear a bar. _— les montagnes_; to cross the mountains. _— les bornes du devoir_; to overstep the bounds of duty. _— le pas_; to take a resolution. _— le mot_; to let out the word. _— une difficulté_; to overcome a difficulty.

=franchise=, _n.f._, franchise, exemption, immunity, freedom (of a city); frankness, sincerity, openness, candor, plainness; (paint.) boldness, freedom. _Parler avec —_; to speak frankly. _— du coloris_; (paint.) freedom of coloring. _En — de droit_; duty-free.

=franchissable=, _adj._, passable, capable of being crossed.

=franchissement=, _n.m._, leap over, leaping.

=francisation=, _n.f._, gallicizing; (com.) registering as a French ship.

=franciscain=, _n.m._, Franciscan, gray friar.

=franciser=, _v.a._, to frenchify, to gallicize.

_se_ =franciser=, _v.r._, to become French.

=francisque=, _n.f._, battle ax.

=franc-maçon=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) freemason.

=franc-maçonnerie=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) freemasonry.

=franco=, _adv._, free of expanse, pre-paid. _Ecrire —_; address, post-paid.

=francolin=, _n.m._, (orni.) francolin.

=franc-parler=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) liberty _or_ freedom of speech.

=franc-quartier=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) (her.) quarter, franc-quarter.

=franc-réal=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) sort of pear.

☉=franc-tenancier=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) free-holder.

=franc-tillac=, _n.m._, (nav.) flush-deck.

=franc-tireur=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) (milit.) sharp-shooter, skirmisher; volunteer.

=frange=, _n.f._, fringe, valance.

=frangé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) fimbriate.

=franger=, _v.a._, to fringe, to valance.

=franger= _or_ =frangier=, _n.m._, fringe-maker.

=frangipane=, _n.f._, almond-cake.

=frangipanier=, _n.m._, (bot) red jasmine.

=franque=, _adj.f._, Frankish.

=franquette=, _n.f._, (l.u.) frankness. _À la bonne —_; frankly, freely, sincerely.

=frappant=, =-e=, _adj._, striking, impressive.

=frappe=, _n.f._, (coin.) stamp; set of matrices.

=frappé=, =-e=, _part._, struck; iced (of liquids); strong and close (of cloth); powerful, forcible. _— d’étonnement_; struck with wonder. _Vers bien —s_; spirited verses.

=frappé=, _n.m._, (mus.) fall (of the foot).

=frappe-main=, _n.m._, (n.p.) hot-cockle.

=frappement= (frap-mān), _n.m._, striking, clapping (of hands).

=frapper=, _v.a._, to strike, to smite, to slap, to tap, to hit; to make an impression; to affect, to move; to astonish, to surprise; to frighten; to stamp, to coin; to ice (liquids); (nav.) to seize. _— vivement_; to rap. _— avec le pied_; to stamp. _— légèrement_; to pat. _— la terre du pied_; to stamp one’s foot upon the ground. _— monnaie_; to coin money. _— un coup_; to strike a blow.

_se_ =frapper=, _v.r._, to strike one’s self; to strike one another; to be impressed _or_ affected; to be filled with gloom _or_ dismay.

=frapper=, _v.n._, to knock, to strike, to rap. _— à la porte_; to knock at the door. _— juste_; to strike home. _Entendre —_; to hear a knock.

=frappeu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, beater; striker. _adj._, striking, rapping. _Esprit —_; spirit-rapper.

=frasque=, _n.f._, freak, prank, trick.

=frater= (-tèr), _n.m._, surgeon’s boy; saw-bones; village barber; (milit., nav.) barber.

=fraternel=, =-le=, _adj._, fraternal, brotherly.

=fraternellement= (-nèl-mān), _adv._, fraternally.

=fraterniser=, _v.n._, to fraternize.

=fraternité=, _n.f._, fraternity, brotherhood.

=fratricide= (murder), _n.m._, (pers.) _m.f._, fratricide. _adj._, fratricidal.

=fraude= (frôd), _n.f._, fraud, deceit, imposition, fraudulency. _En —_; fraudulently. _Faire une —_; to commit a fraud. _Passer en —_; to smuggle.

=frauder=, _v.a._, to defraud, to smuggle.

=fraudeu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, defrauder, smuggler.

=frauduleusement= (-leûz-mān), _adv._, fraudulently.

=frauduleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, fraudulent.

=fraxinelle=, _n.f._, fraxinella, white dittany, bastard dittany.

=frayer=, _v.a._, to trace out, to open out, to mark out; to rub against, to graze, to brush; to make, to prepare, to show. _Qui n’est pas frayé_; unbeaten, untrodden. _Chemin frayé_; beaten path _or_ track. _Le coup n’a fait que — sa botte_; the blow only grazed his boot.

_se_ =frayer=, _v.r._, to open for one’s self; to prepare (a way); to carve out.

=frayer=, _v.n._, to wear away; to keep company, to frequent, to be on good terms; (of fishes) to milt, to spawn. _Ces deux hommes ne frayent pas ensemble_; these two men do not agree together.

=frayère=, _n.f._, spawning-place.

=frayeur=, _n.f._, fright, terror, dread, fear. Être saisi de —; to be seized with terror.

=frayoir=, _n.m._, (hunt.) fray, rub.

=frayure=, _n.f._, (hunt.) rubbing, fraying.

=fredaine=, _n.f._, frolic, prank, freak. _Faire des —s_; to play pranks; to sow one’s wild oats.

=fredon=, _n.m._, (mus.) trill, shake; (at cards) pair-royal.

=fredonnement= (-do-n-mān), _n.m._, humming.

=fredonner=, _v.a._ and _n._, to hum.

=fredonneur=, =-se=, _n.m.f._, hummer.

=frégate=, _n.f._, frigate; (orni.) frigate bird.

=frégaté=, _adj._, frigate-built.

=frégaton=, _n.m._, frigatoon.

=frein=, _n.m._, bit, bridle; curb, check; brake; drag, skid, brake (of carriages); (fig.) restraint; (anat.) frænum, ligament. _Ronger son —_; to champ the bit; to fret one’s self. _Mettre un — à sa langue_; to bridle one’s tongue. _Il faut mettre un — à sa cruauté_; his cruelty must be curbed. _Serrer le —_; (rail.) to apply, to put on, the brake.

=frelampier=, _n.m._, scamp, rascally fellow.

=frelatage=, _n.m._, adulteration, sophistication.

=frelater=, _v.a._, to adulterate, to sophisticate. _Ce vin est frelaté_; this wine is adulterated. _Ouvrages frelatés_; spurious works.

=frelaterie= (-la-tri), _n.f._, sophistication, adulteration. _V._ =frelatage=.

=frelateur=, _n.m._, sophisticator, adulterator.

=frêle=, _adj._, frail, fragile; faint, weak.

=frêler=, _v.n._, to crackle (of hair, feathers).

=freloche=, _n.f._, gauze-net, butterfly-net.

=frelon=, _n.m._, (ent.) hornet, drone; (bot.) knee-holly.

=freluche=, _n.f._, tuft (of silk); hair-thread.

=freluquet=, _n.m._, puppy, coxcomb, prig.

=frémir=, _v.n._, to shudder, to tremble, to quiver, to shake; to vibrate, to murmur, to rustle, to moan; to simmer. _— de colère_; to tremble with anger. _J’entendais — le feuillage_; I heard the leaves rustling.

=frémissant=, =-e=, _adj._, quivering, trembling.

=frémissement= (-mis-mān), _n.m._, shudder, shuddering, quivering, trembling; roaring; vibration; murmuring (of water); simmering. _— cataire_; (med.) thrill, purring tremor of the heart.

=frênaie=, _n.f._, ash-grove.

=frêne=, _n.m._, ash, ash-tree.

=frénésie=, _n.f._, frenzy, madness, fury.

=frénétique=, _adj._, distracted, frantic, raving.

=frénétique=, _n.m.f._, raving, distracted person.

=fréquemment= (-ka-mān), _adv._, frequently, often.

=fréquence=, _n.f._, frequency; quickness (of the pulse).

=fréquent=, =-e=, _adj._, frequent. _Pouls —_; quick pulse.

=fréquentati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (gram.) frequentative.

=fréquentatif=, _n.m._, (gram.) frequentative.

=fréquentation=, _n.f._, frequenting, frequentation; company.

=fréquenter=, _v.a._, to frequent, to keep company with, to resort to; to haunt.

=fréquenter=, _v.n._, to frequent, to visit often, to associate (with); to converse (with).

=frère=, _n.m._, brother; fellow-Christian; friar, monk. _— aîné_; elder brother. _— cadet_; younger brother. _—s jumeaux_; twins. _Demi-—_; half-brother. _— consanguin_; brother by the father’s side. _— utérin_; brother by the mother’s side. _— de lait_; foster-brother. _Beau-—_, (_—x-—s_) brother-in-law. _— lai_, _— convers_; lay-brother. _— chapeau_; assistant brother. _Faux —_; false brother, false friend. _— d’armes_; brother in arms. _Il est bon —_; he is a jolly fellow.

=frérot=, _n.m._, (fam.) little brother.

=fresaie=, _n.f._, (orni.) white-owl, screech-owl. _V._ =effraie=.

=fresque=, _n.f._, fresco. _Peindre à —_; to paint in fresco.

=fressure=, _n.f._, (cook.) pluck; fry; haslet.

=fret= (frè), _n.m._, freight. _Prendre du —_; to take in freight.

=fréter=, _v.a._, to charter; to freight.

=fréteur=, _n.m._, freighter; charterer.

*=frétillant=, =-e=, _adj._, frisky, wriggling; fidgety.

*=frétillement=, _n.m._, frisking, wriggling; (fig.) itching, longing.

*=frétiller=, _v.n._, to frisk, to wriggle; (fig.) to itch, to long, to be impatient. _Les pieds lui frétillent_; he is impatient to be off. _La langue lui frétille_; he is longing to speak.

=fretin=, _n.m._, small fry, young fish; trash, rubbish.

=frettage=, _n.m._, hooping, binding.

=frette=, _n.f._, (tech.) iron hoop, band, ring.

=fretté=, =-e=, _adj._, hooped, iron-bound; (her.) fretty.

=fretter=, _v.a._, to hoop, to bind.

=freux=, _n.m._, rook.

=friabilité=, _n.f._, friability.

=friable=, _adj._, friable, crisp, short.

=friand=, =-e=, _adj._, dainty, nice, fond of; partial to. _Avoir le goût —_; to have a nice taste. _Un morceau —_; a delicate morsel. _Être — de_; to be fond of, partial to.

=friand=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, epicure, dainty person.

=friandise=, _n.f._, daintiness, dainty, nicety, tit-bit. _Aimer les —s_; to be fond of dainties.

=fricandeau=, _n.m._, (cook.) fricandeau; veal-stew.

=fricassée=, _n.f._, (cook.) fricassee.

=fricasser=, _v.a._, to fricassee; (pop.) to squander away, to waste, to dissipate.

=fricasseur=, _n.m._, bad cook; (fig.) spendthrift, rake.

=friche=, _n.m._, waste _or_ fallow land. _Laisser une terre en —_; to let a piece of ground lie fallow.

=fricot=, _n.m._, (pop.) ragout, stew.

=fricoter=, _v.n._, (pop.) to feast. _v.a._, (fig., pop.) to squander.

=fricoteur=, _n.m._, (pop.) feaster; fast liver; (milit.) marauder.

=friction=, _n.f._, friction, rubbing. _Gants à —s_; flesh-gloves.

=frictionner=, _v.a._, (med.) to rub.

_se_ =frictionner=, _v.r._, (med.) to rub one’s self.

=frictionneu-r=, =-se=, _n.m.f._, professional rubber.

=frigidité=, _n.f._, frigidity.

=frigorifique=, _adj._, frigorific.

=frileu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, chilly; (pop.) funky, cowardly.

=frileux=, _n.m._, chilly person; (pop.) coward, funk.

=frileuse=, _n.f._, lady’s warm cap.

=frimaire=, _n.m._, Frimaire, the third month of the calendar of the first French republic, from November 21st to December 20th.

=frimas=, _n.m._, rime, hoar-frost. _Saison des —_; the wintry season.

=frime=, _n.f._, (triv.) show, pretense, joke, fun of the thing. _Il n’en a fait que la —_; he only made a show of it, it was all pretense.

=fringale=, _n.f._, (fam.) sudden pang of hunger. _Avoir la —_; to feel hungry all of a sudden.

=fringant=, =-e=, _adj._, brisk, nimble, frisky; smart, dapper. _Cheval —_; frisky horse.

=fringuer= (-ghé), _v.n._, to frisk; to skip.

=friolerie= (frio-lrî), _n.f._, dainty.

=friolet=, _n.m._, sort of pear.

=fripe=, _n.f._, rag; scrap; eatable.

=friper=, _v.a._, to rumple; to spoil, to wear out; (pop.) to gobble down, to eat greedily, to devour; (pop.) to waste, to dissipate, to squander.

_se_ =friper=, _v.r._, to get rumpled.

=friperie= (fri-prî), _n.f._, frippery, old clothes; old clothes’ trade; rag-fair. _Se jeter_, _tomber_, _sur la — de quelqu’un_; to fall foul of any one.

=fripe-sauce=, _n.m._, (_—_) (l.ex.) greedy-guts, glutton; bad cook.

=fripi-er=, _n.m._, =-ère=, _n.f._, dealer in old clothes, furniture-broker.

=fripon=, =-ne=, _adj._, knavish, roguish, rascally.

=fripon=, _n.m._, =-ne=, _n.f._, knave, rogue, cheat, swindler, rascal. _Un tour de —_; a knavish trick.

=friponneau=, _n.m._, little rogue, rascal, cheat.

=friponner=, _v.a._ and _n._, to cheat, to pilfer.

=friponnerie= (-po-n-rî), _n.f._, knavish trick, roguishness, knavery.

=friquet=, _n.m._, tree-sparrow; (utensil) slice.

=frire=, _v.a._ and _n._, to fry. _Il n’y a rien à —_; (pop.) there is nothing to eat, there is nothing to be gained. _Il n’a plus de quoi —_; he is quite ruined.

=frisage=, _n.m._, curling, rolling; lattice-work, trellis.

=frise=, _n.f._, (arch., paint., sculpt.) frieze; dreadnought. _Cheval de —_; (fort.) cheval-de-frise.

=friser=, _v.a._, to curl, to frizz (hair), to crisp; to graze, to glance upon, to touch lightly, to approach, to border upon. _Elle frise la quarantaine_; she is close upon forty.

_se_ =friser=, _v.r._, to curl, to curl one’s hair; to fall into curl.

=friser=, _v.n._, to curl; (print.) to slur.

=frisotter=, _v.a._, (b.s.) to be curled, to frizzle.

_se_ =frisotter=, _v.r._, (b.s.) to be curled, to frizzle one’s self.

=frisquette=, _n.f._, (print.) frisket.

=frisson=, _n.m._, shivering, cold fit; chill; shudder, thrill. _Avoir le —_; to have the shivers. _Cela donne le —_; that makes one shudder.

=frissonnant=, _adj._, shuddering, shivering.

=frissonnement= (-so-n-mān), _n.m._, shivering, shudder, flutter.

=frissonner=, _v.n._, to shiver, to shudder; to quake, to tremble.

=frisure=, _n.f._, curling, crisping; curls.

=frit=, =-e=, _part._, (pop.) ruined, undone. _Il est —_; he is done for. _Tout est —_; all is over.

=fritillaire=, _n.f._, (bot.) fritillary.

=fritte=, _n.f._, (glass-making) frit.

=friture=, _n.f._, frying; thing fried; fried fish; butter for frying.

=frivole=, _adj._, frivolous, trifling, shallow, futile.

=frivolité=, _n.f._, frivolity, frivolousness; (needlework) tatting.

=froc=, _n.m._, frock, garment (of monks). _Prendre le —_; to turn monk. _Jeter le — aux orties_; to throw off the cowl; to give up one’s profession.

=frocaille=, _n.f._, (b.s.) monks.

=frocard=, _n.m._, (b.s.) monk.

=froid=, _n.m._, cold, coldness, chilliness, frigidity; unconcern; lukewarmness, dullness; gravity, reserve. _Transir de —_; to benumb with cold. _Il est tout raide de —_; he is quite stiff with cold. _Avoir —_; to be cold. _Mourir de —_; to be perished with cold. _Grelotter de —_; to shiver with cold. _Prendre —_; to catch cold. _Il y a du — entre eux_; there is a coolness between them. _Les grands —s_; extreme cold; depth of winter. _À —_; coldly; in cold blood.

=froid=, =-e=, _adj._, cold, frigid, lifeless; lukewarm, cool, indifferent, dispassionate, dull; reserved, distant. _Temps —_; cold weather. _— comme glace_; as cold as ice. _— aux yeux_; want of pluck, funk. _Un homme —_; a cold sort of man. _Un homme de sang-—_; a cool-headed man. _Battre — à quelqu’un_; to give any one the cold shoulder. _N’avoir pas — aux yeux_; not to be afraid of one’s shadow, to be game, plucky.

=froidement= (froad-mān), _adv._, coldly, frigidly, lukewarmly, dispassionately, lifelessly.

=froideur=, _n.f._, coldness, chilliness; lukewarmness, indifference, coolness.

=froidure=, _n.f._, coldness (of the weather); cold; (fig.) winter.

=froissement= (froas-mān), _n.m._, bruising, rumpling, crumpling; (fig.) clashing; hurt, slight, affront; annoyance, vexation.

=froisser=, _v.a._, to bruise, to strike, to dash, to clash with; to rumple, to crumple; to gall, to offend, to hurt, to wound. _Je ne voudrais pas le —_; I should not like to hurt his feelings.

_se_ =froisser=, _v.r._, to take offense.

=froissure=, _n.f._, bruise, rumple, crumple.

=frôlement= (frôl-mān), _n.m._, grazing, rustling, rustle; contact, touch.

=frôler=, _v.a._, to graze, to touch slightly in passing; to brush past; to rub (seeds) in one’s hands.

_se_ =frôler=, _v.r._, to graze, to touch one another, to rub up against, to brush past.

=fromage=, _n.m._, cheese. _— mou_; soft cheese. _— à la crème_; cream-cheese. _— de cochon_; brawn.

=fromag-er=, _n.m._, =-ère=, _n.f._, cheesemonger.

=fromager=, _n.m._, cheese-mold; (bot.) silk-cotton-tree.

=fromagerie= (-ma-jrî), _n.f._, cheese-dairy, cheese-trade.

=fromageu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, cheesy.

=froment=, _n.m._, wheat. _De —_; wheaten.

=fromentacé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) frumentaceous.

=fromental=, _n.m._, rye-grass; oat-grass.

=fronce=, _n.f._, (needlework) gather; (paper) crease.

=froncement= (frons-mān), _n.m._, contraction, knitting (of the brows); frowning; frown; pursing; gathering.

=froncer=, _v.a._, to contract (the brow); to knit, to wrinkle; to purse (the lips); to gather (needlework).

_se_ =froncer=, _v.r._, to contract, to pucker, to wrinkle; to grow dark (of the brow).

=froncis=, _n.m._, gathering, fold.

=frondaison=, _n.f._, (bot.) foliation, foliage.

=fronde=, _n.f._, sling; (surg.) bandage; (wars of the) Fronde (French hist.).

=frondée=, _n.f._, sling-shot.

=fronder=, _v.a._, to sling, to fling; to blame, to censure; to reflect upon, to find fault with.

=fronderie= (fron-drî), _n.f._, (French hist.) riot of the Fronde; riot, disturbance.

=frondeur=, _n.m._, slinger; censurer, fault-finder, critic; rioter.

=front=, _n.m._, forehead, brow, face, front; boldness, impudence, brass. _La jeunesse au — riant_; youth with its smiling face. _— d’airain_; brazen-face. _Le — d’un bâtiment_; the front of a building. _De —_; in front, abreast. _Faire — à_; to face.

=frontal=, _n.m._, frontal; frontal bone; (surg.) head-bandage.

=frontal=, =-e=, _adj._, (anat.) frontal.

=fronteau=, _n.m._, frontlet; frontal; (nav.) breast-work.

=frontière= (-ti-èr), _n.f._, frontier, border, confine, limit.

=frontispice=, _n.m._, frontispiece.

=fronton=, _n.m._, (arch.) pediment, fronton; (nav.) poop-rail.

=frottage=, _n.m._, rubbing; polishing, waxing.

=frottée=, _n.f._, (pop.) a drubbing.

=frottement= (frot-mān), _n.m._, rubbing, friction.

=frotter=, _v.a._, to rub; to polish, to wax, to dry-rub; to bang, to pommel, to warm (the ear) of. _Se faire —_; to get a drubbing.

_se_ =frotter=, _v.r._, to rub one’s self; to provoke (any one); to come in contact with; to meddle (with anything). _Se — les yeux_; to rub one’s eyes. _Ne vous y frottez pas_; do not meddle with it. _Ne vous frottez pas à lui_; do not provoke him. _Qui s’y frotte s’y pique_; meddle, and smart for it.

=frotter=, _v.n._, to rub.

=frotteur=, _n.m._, rubber, dry-rubber, scrubber, floor-polisher.

=frottis=, _n.m._, (paint.) light touch.

=frottoir=, _n.m._, rubbing-cloth, razor-cloth, rough-towel, scrubber.

=frouer=, _v.n._, to pipe, to call (birds).

=frou-frou=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) rustling of silk, etc.

=froufrouter=, _v.n._, to rustle.

=fructidor=, _n.m._, Fructidor, the twelfth month of the calendar of the first French republic, from August 18th to September 16th.

=fructifère=, _adj._, (bot.) fructiferous, fruit.

=fructification=, _n.f._, fructification.

=fructifier=, _v.n._, to be fruitful, to fructify, to bear fruit, to thrive, to prosper.

=fructueusement= (-eûz-mān), _adj._, fruitfully, profitably.

=fructueu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, fruitful; fertile, profitable.

=frugal=, =-e=, _adj._, frugal, sparing.

=frugalement= (-gal-mān), _adv._, frugally.

=frugalité=, _n.f._, frugality; thrift.

=frugivore=, _adj._, frugivorous.

=fruit=, _n.m._, fruit; dessert; offspring; advantage, benefit, profit; utility; effect, result; (mas.) batter. _— hâtif_; early fruit. _— indigène_; native fruit. _— tardif_; late fruit. _— à noyau_; stone fruit. _— à pépin_; kernel fruit. _Avec —_; profitably. _— sec_; (school) blockhead, dunce. _Tirer du — de_; to derive benefit from.

=fruité=, =-e=, _adj._, (her.) fructed.

=fruiterie= (frui-trî), _n.f._, fruit-loft, fruit-trade.

=fruiti-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, fruit, fruit-bearing. _Arbre —_; fruit-tree. _Jardin —_; orchard, fruit garden.

=fruiti-er=, _n.m._, =-ère=, _n.f._, fruiterer, green-grocer; fruit-woman.

=fruition=, _n.f._, fruition, enjoyment.

=frusquin=, _n.m._, (triv.) one’s all. _Son saint —_; one’s all; all one’s toggery.

=fruste=, _adj._, worn, defaced, corroded (of coins). _n.m._, defaced effigy.

=frustratoire=, _adj._, frustratory.

=frustrer=, _v.a._, to defraud, to frustrate, to disappoint, to baulk, to foil; to baffle. _Il a frustré ses créanciers_; he has defrauded his creditors.

=fuchsia=, _n.m._, fuchsia.

=fuchsine=, _n.f._, (chem.) fuchsine, an aniline red dye.

=fucus= (-kus), _n.m._, (bot.) fucus, wrack, sea-wrack.

=fugace=, _adj._, fugitive; flying; fleeting; transient.

=fugiti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, fugitive, gliding, flitting; transient, fleeting, short-lived. _Des plaisirs —s_; transient pleasures.

=fugiti-f=, _n.m._, =-ve=, _n.f._, fugitive, runaway, wanderer.

=fugue= (fug), _n.f._, (mus.) fugue; wild prank, lark. _Faire une —_; to take to one’s heels; to have a lark.

=fuie=, _n.f._, small pigeon-house, coop.

=fuir= (fuyant, fui), _v.n._, to flee, to fly; to run away; to elude, to shun, to avoid, to eschew; to shift about; to leak; (paint.) to appear at a distance; to recede. _Ce tonneau fuit_; this cask leaks.

=fuir=, _v.a._, to fly, to avoid, to shrink from.

_se_ =fuir=, _v.r._, to fly from one’s self; to shun, to avoid one another.

=fuite=, _n.f._, flight, running away, shunning; evasion, shift, subterfuge; running out, leakage. _Prendre la —_; to run away. _Mettre en —_; to put to flight.

=fulgurant=, _adj._, (meteorology) attended with lightning; flashing, vivid, sharp.

=fulguration=, _n.f._, (chem.) fulguration; lightning.

=fulgurite=, _n.m._, (phys.) fulgurite.

=fuligineu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, fuliginous.

=fuliginosité=, _n.f._, fuliginosity.

=fulmicoton=, _n.m._, (chem.) gun-cotton.

=fulminant=, =-e=, _adj._, fulminant, fulminating.

=fulminate=, _n.m._, (chem.) fulminate.

=fulmination=, _n.f._, fulmination.

=fulminer=, _v.n._, to storm, to thunder; (chem.) to fulminate, to explode.

=fulminer=, _v.a._, (ecc.) to fulminate, to issue forth.

=fulminique=, _adj._, (chem.) fulminic.

=fumable=, _adj._, smokable.

=fumade=, _n.f._, dunging.

=fumage=, _n.m._, lacquering (of silver wire).

=fumant=, =-e=, _adj._, smoking, reeking, fuming.

=fumé=, =-e=, _adj._, smoked, manured; (fig. and pop.) done for.

=fumé=, _n.m._, (engr.) smoke-proof.

=fumée=, _n.f._, smoke; fume, reek; vanity, phantom, bubble; dream, vain hope. _pl._, (hunt.) fumet, dung of deer; fumes. _Des tourbillons de —_; volumes of smoke. _S’exhaler en —_; to evaporate in smoke. _Il n’y a point de — sans feu_; there is no smoke without fire.

=fumer=, _v.n._, to smoke; to reek, to steam; to fret and fume.

=fumer=, _v.a._, to smoke, to smoke-dry; (agri.) to dung, to manure. _— des jambons_; to smoke hams. _— un champ_; to dung a field.

=fumerolle=, _n.f._, fumarole.

=fumeron= (fu-mron), _n.m._, half-burnt charcoal.

=fumet=, _n.m._, flavor (of meat), bouquet (of wines); raciness; (hunt.) scent. _Ce vin a un bon —_; that wine has a fine flavor _or_ bouquet.

=fumeterre= (fum-tèr), _n.f._, (bot.) fumitory, fumiter.

=fumeur=, _n.m._, smoker.

=fumeu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, fumous, fumy.

=fumier=, _n.m._, manure, dung, muck; dung-hill; trash, rubbish. _Mourir sur un —_; to die in a ditch.

=fumifuge=, _adj._, smoke-expelling.

=fumigation=, _n.f._, fumigation.

=fumigatoire=, _adj._, (med.) fumigating.

=fumiger=, _v.a._, to fumigate.

=fumiste=, _n.m._, chimney-doctor _or_ curer; chimney-builder.

=fumivore=, _n.m._ and _adj._, smoke-consumer; smoke-consuming.

=fumoir=, _n.m._, (tech.) smoking-shed, smoking-house; (in a private house) smoking-room _or_ smoke-room.

=fumure=, _n.f._, (agri.) dressing; dunging, manuring.

=funambule=, _adj._, funambulatory.

=funambule=, _n.m._, funambulist, rope-dancer.

=fune=, _n.f._, (nav.) rope, line; (pisc.) drag-rope.

=funèbre=, _adj._, funeral, funereal, mournful, melancholy, dismal, ominous.

*=funérailles=, _n.f.pl._, funeral, obsequies.

=funéraire=, _adj._, funeral, funereal.

=funeste=, _adj._, fatal; melancholy; baneful, disastrous, distressing; deadly.

=funestement=, _adv._, fatally, disastrously.

=funiculaire=, _n.m._, cable railway.

=fungus= (fon-gus), _n.m._ _V._ =fongus=.

=funicule=, _n.m._, (bot.) funiculus, funicle.

=funin=, _n.m._, (nav.) white hawser.

=fur=, _n.m._ _À — et à mesure_, _au — et à mesure_; in proportion, gradually as, as fast as. _On le paye au — et à mesure de l’ouvrage_; he is paid in proportion to the quantity of work done.

=furet=, _n.m._, ferret. _Chasser au —_; to hunt with a ferret. _C’est un —_; he is a ferreter _or_ a Paul Pry.

=fureter= (fur-té), _v.n._, to ferret, to ferret out, to search out, to rummage.

=fureter=, _v.a._, to ferret out, to hunt after news, to be on the lookout for.

=fureteur= (fur-teur), _n.m._, ferreter, Paul Pry; pryer. _— de nouvelles_; news-hunter.

=fureur=, _n.f._, fury, madness, rage, wildness; mania, frenzy, passion. _Quand il entre en —_; when he gets into a fury. _Lorsque la — le prend_; when he is seized with a fit of passion. _Cette actrice fait —_; that actress is quite the rage. _Être transporté de —_; to be transported with rage. _Il a la — du jeu_; he has a passion for gambling. _Avec —_; furiously.

=furfuracé=, =-e=, _adj._, furfuraceous; scurvy.

=furibond=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, furious, raging, wild; furious-looking.

=furibonder=, _v.n._, to be in a rage, to fume.

=furie=, _n.f._, fury, rage, heat, height; (myth.) Fury. _Entrer en —_, _se mettre en —_; to get into a rage. _Dans la — du combat_; in the heat of the battle. _C’est une —_; she is a very fury, _or_ a termagant.

=furieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, furiously; prodigiously, with a vengeance.

=furieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, furious, mad, enraged, raging, fierce, savage, impetuous; monstrous, confounded, tremendous.

=furin=, _n.m._, deep water, open sea, high seas.

=furolles=, _n.f.pl._, fiery exhalations.

=furoncle=, _n.m._, (med.) furuncle, boil; gathering; (vet.) ambury.

=furti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, furtive, stealthy, secret. _Entrer d’un pas —_; to steal in.

=furtivement= (-tiv-mān), _adv._, furtively, stealthily, by stealth, secretly.

=fusain=, _n.m._, (bot.) prickwood, spindle-tree; (for drawing) charcoal.

=fusarolle=, _n.f._, (arch.) fusarole.

=fuseau=, _n.m._, spindle, bobbin; distaff. _Jambes de —_; spindle legs.

=fusée=, _n.f._, spindleful, bobbinful; (vet.) splint, splinter; (surg.) fistula; (artil., her., horl.) fusee; rocket; (of oars) dolphin; barrel (of a kitchen-jack). _— d’amorce_; (artil.) tube. _— courante_; line-rocket _or_ sky-rocket. _— porte amarre_; (nav.) life-saving apparatus. _Avoir une — à démêler avec quelqu’un_; to have a bone to pick with anyone. _Une — volante_; a sky-rocket.

=fuséen=, _n.m._, (artil.) rocket-gunner.

=fuselé=, =-e=, _adj._, slender, tapering, spindle-shaped.

=fuser=, _v.n._, to expand, to spread (insensibly); to liquefy, to dissolve, to meet; (fig.) to unite.

=fusibilité=, _n.f._, fusibility.

=fusible=, _adj._, fusible.

=fusiforme=, _adj._, (bot.) spindle-shaped, fusiform.

=fusil= (-zi), _n.m._, steel (to strike a light; to sharpen knives); tinder-box; musket, gun. _Pierre à —_; flint. _Il fut tué d’un coup de —_; he was killed by a musket shot. _Un coup de —_; a gun-shot, musket shot, report of a gun. _— à deux coups_; double-barreled gun. _— de chasse_; fowling-piece. _— de munition_; musket. _— à piston_; percussion-gun. _— à vent_; air-gun. _— à aiguille_; needle-gun. _Canon de —_; gun-barrel. _Portée de —_; musket range. _À portée de —_; within musket range.

=fusilier=, _n.m._, fusileer.

*=fusillade=, _n.f._, discharge _or_ volley of musketry, firing, shooting.

*=fusiller=, _v.a._, to shoot (down); to execute (mil.).

*_se_ =fusiller=, _v.r._, to fire at each other.

=fusion=, _n.f._, fusion, melting; coalition; blending.

=fusionnement=, _n.m._, amalgamation, fusion; coalescence, union.

=fusionner=, _v.a._ and _n._, to unite, to amalgamate; to blend. _Se —_, _v.r._, to coalesce.

=fustet=, _n.m._, smoke-tree, Venetian sumach, fustic.

=fustigation=, _n.f._, fustigation, whipping, flogging.

=fustiger=, _v.a._, to flog, to scourge, to whip.

=fût=, _n.m._, stock (of a gun or pistol); shaft (of a column); cask; barrel (of a drum); case (of an organ).

=futaie=, _n.f._, forest of high, lofty trees; forest trees. _Demi-—_; forest of half-grown trees. _Haute —_; forest of full-grown trees. _Arbre de haute —_; full-grown forest trees. _Bois de haute —_; wood of full-grown forest trees, timber-trees, timber.

*=futaille=, _n.f._, small cask, barrel. _— en botte_; barrel-staves.

=futaine=, _n.f._, fustian.

=futé=, =-e=, _adj._, sharp, cunning, sly.

=futée=, _n.f._, joiner’s putty.

=futile=, _adj._, futile, frivolous, trifling.

=futilité=, _n.f._, futility, trifle; frivolity.

=futur=, =-e=, _adj._, future.

=futur=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, intended (husband, wife). _Sa —e_; his intended wife.

=futur=, _n.m._, futurity; (gram.) future.

=futurition=, _n.f._, futurition.

=fuyant=, =-e=, _adj._, flying, fleeting; fleeing, retreating; receding (of the forehead); fading (of colors); (paint.) tapering. _Echelle —e_; tapering scale.

=fuyard=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, _adj._, fugitive, runaway.

G

=g=, _n.m._, the seventh letter of the alphabet, g.

=gaban=, _n.m._ _V._ =caban=.

=gabarage=, _n.m._, lighterage.

=gabare=, _n.f._, lighter, flat-bottomed barge, store-ship, transport-ship.

=gabari= _or_ =gabarit=, _n.m._, mold, model, build (of a ship); (rail.) carriage-gage.

=gabarier=, _n.m._, lighterman; master of a store-ship.

☉=gabatine=, _n.f._, flam, humbug, hoax. _Donner de la — à quelqu’un_; to bamboozle any one.

=gabegie=, _n.f._, (pop.) fraud, deceit.

=gabelage= (ga-blaj), _n.m._, drysalting time; excise mark.

=gabeler= (ga-blé), _v.a._, to dry (salt).

=gabeleur= (ga-bleur), _n.m._, salt-dryer.

=gabelle=, _n.f._, gabel, salt-tax, duty on salt. _Frauder la —_; to defraud the excise.

=gabet=, _n.m._, vane.

=gabier=, _n.m._, (nav.) top-man.

=gabion=, _n.m._, (fort.) gabion.

=gabionnade=, _n.f._, (milit.) gabionade.

=gabionner=, _v.a._, (fort.) to cover with gabions.

=gâche=, _n.m._, staple, wall-hook.

=gâcher=, _v.a._, to mix mortar; to rinse; (fig.) to bungle, to make a mess of, to botch; to sell under price.

=gâchette=, _n.f._, staple, spring (of a lock); follower (of a firelock).

=gâcheur=, _n.m._, mason’s laborer; bungler; one who sells under price (fig.). _C’est un —_; he is a bungler, a botcher.

=gâcheu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, splashy, sloppy. _Chemin —_; sloppy road.

=gâchis=, _n.m._, slop, mess, pickle, hash. _Faire du — de_; to make a hash of, to make a mess of. _Être dans le —_, _avoir du —_; to be in a mess, in a pickle.

=gade=, _n.m._, (ich.) codfish.

=gadelle=, _n.f._, red-currant.

=gadellier=, _n.m._, red-currant bush.

=gadoïde=, _n.m._, (ich.) codfish.

=gadcuard=, _n.m._, nightman, scavenger.

=gadoue=, _n.f._, filth, night-soil, sewage matter; (pop.) trollop.

=gaélique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, Gaelic.

=gaffe=, _n.f._, (nav.) gaff, boat-hook.

=gaffeau=, _n.m._, small boat-hook.

=gaffer=, _v.a._, (nav.) to hook.

=gage=, _n.m._, pawn, pledge; security, deposit; token, testimony; stake, forfeit (play); (jur.) lien. _—s_; wages, hire, pay; (fig.) assurance, promise, proof. _Prêter sur —s_; to lend money on pawned articles. _Prêteur sur —s_; pawn-broker. _Mettre en —_; to pawn. _Donner en —_; to pawn. _Retirer un —_; to redeem a pledge. _Jouer aux —s_; to play at forfeits. _Casser aux —s_; to dismiss from service, to discharge, to cashier. _À —s_; hired, paid. _Prendre à —s_; to hire.

=gager=, _v.a._, to hire; to lay, to lay a wager, to hold a wager, to bet, to stake; to pay wages to, to pay; (fig.) to predict, to be almost certain. _— avec quelqu’un_, _contre quelqu’un_; to lay a wager with, against any one. _— le double contre le simple_; to bet two to one. _— sa vie_; to stake one’s life. _Gage que si_, _gage que non_; I bet it is, I bet it is not.

=gagerie= (gaj-rî), _n.f._ _V._ =saisie=.

=gageu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._ _V._ =parieur=.

=gageure= (ga-jur), _n.f._, bet, wager, stake, stakes. _Faire une —_; to lay a wager. _Soutenir la —_; to stick to a thing, to maintain one’s ground, opinion. _La — est la preuve des sots_; betting marks the fool.

=gagiste=, _adj._, (jur.) by pledge. _Créancier —_; pledgee, bailee.

=gagiste=, _n.m._, hireling; (thea.) supernumerary; (jur.) pledgee, bailee.

*=gagnage=, _n.m._, pasturage, pasture-land.

*=gagnant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, winner.

*=gagnant=, =-e=, _adj._, winning.

*=gagne-denier=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_), laborer, laboring man, day-laborer.

*=gagne-pain=, _n.m._, (_—_) bread-winner; means of subsistence, livelihood, daily bread.

*=gagne-petit=, _n.m._, (_—_) knife-grinder.

=gagné=, =-e=, _adj._, gained, won. _Donner —_; to give in, to own one’s self beaten. _Avoir ville —e_; to carry the day, to gain one’s point. _Crier ville —e_; to make sure of success; to cry victory (before it is won).

*=gagner=, _v.a._, to gain, to make; to earn, to get; to win; to prevail upon; to gain over, to bribe; to allure, to attract, to entice; to carry, to make one’s self master of; to prepossess; to deserve; to seize, to come over; to reach, to overtake, to get to, to come to, to arrive at; to catch. _— sa vie avec peine_; to work hard for one’s living. _Vous n’y gagnerez rien_; you will gain nothing by it. _— une bataille_; to gain a battle. _— un pari_; to win a bet. _— la partie_; to win the game. _— son procès_; to win one’s case. _Je n’ai pu — cela sur lui_; I could not prevail upon him to do that. _— quelqu’un_; to win any one’s money (at play). _— quelqu’un_; to draw, to win, any one over. _— la contrescarpe_; to carry the counterscarp. _J’y gagnai une pleurésie_; I caught pleurisy there. _— un rhume_; to catch a cold. _La faim me gagne_; I am beginning to feel hungry. _La nuit nous gagnera_; night will overtake us. _— le logis_; to reach home. _— du chemin_, _— du pays_; to gain ground; to get forward, to get on. _— du temps_; to gain time. _— du pied_, _— les champs_; to run away, to reach the open. _— le devant_; to get the start. _— quelqu’un de vitesse_; to get the start of any one; to be beforehand with any one. _— le dessus_; to get the better of. _— un vaisseau_; to gain ground on a ship. _— la volonté d’un cheval_; to break, to subdue, a horse.

*_se_ =gagner=, _v.r._, to gain, to earn, to make, to acquire; to be catching, to be contagious.

*=gagner=, _v.n._, to gain, to make, to earn, to get, to reach; to win (at cards, in a lottery). _— à être connu_; to improve upon acquaintance. _Qui épargne gagne_; a penny saved is a penny earned.

*=gagneu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, winner, gainer.

=gai=, =-e=, _adj._, gay, merry, lively, exhilarating, mirthful, cheerful; blithe, buxom, gladsome, pleasant; (of colors) gaudy, bright, vivid; (mus.) allegro. _Vert —_; light green. _Temps —_; exhilarating weather. _Il a le vin —_; he is very merry in his cups. _— comme un pinson_; as gay as a lark, as merry as a grig. _Être fort —_; to be in excellent spirits. _Il est — comme un bonnet de nuit_; he is as dull as ditch-water.

=gai=, _adv._, (l.u.) gaily, merrily.

=gaiac=, _n.m._, (bot.) guaiac, guaiacum, holy-wood, wood of life; Indian wood. _Bois de —_; lignum-vitæ; (bot.) lignum-vitæ tree. _Gomme_, or _résine_, _de —_; guaiacum.

=gaiement= _or_ =gaîment= (ghè-mān), _adv._, gaily, merrily, cheerfully, cheerily, briskly, blithely, jovially, laughingly; willingly, heartily.

=gaieté= _or_ =gaîté=, _n.f._, gayety, merriment, mirth, glee; cheerfulness, blitheness, merriness, mirthfulness, joviality, sportiveness, good humor; youthful frolic. _Cheval qui a de la —_; (man.) mettlesome horse. _De — de cœur_; wantonly, out of sheer wantonness. _Être en —_; to be sprung.

*=gaillard=, =-e=, _adj._, joyful, joyous, jovial, jolly, merry, lively; blithe, buxom, light-hearted; libertine, wanton; broad; tipsy; sprung (half-tipsy); cool, fresh (of the wind). _Nous étions tous un peu —s_; we were all rather sprung. _Vent —_; cool wind.

=gaillard=, _n.m._, lively, merry, jovial fellow; fellow, blade, jolly dog. _Gros —_; great big fellow. _Petit —_; sly dog. _— résolu_; determined dog.

=gaillard=, _n.m._, (nav.) castle. _— d’arrière_; quarter-deck. _— d’avant_; forecastle. _Sur le — d’avant_; before the mast.

*=gaillarde=, _n.f._, gaillard (dance); wanton; (print.) bourgeois.

*=gaillardement=, _adv._, joyously, merrily, blithely; boldly, briskly.

*=gaillardise=, _n.f._, sprightliness, liveliness, mirth, jollity; broad, free, wanton language. _Dire des —s_; to make use of free, wanton language.

*=gaillet=, _n.m._, (bot.) _V._ =caille-lait=.

=gain=, _n.m._, gain, profit, emolument, lucre; winning, gaining. _— net_; clear gain, net profit. _—s nuptiaux_, _—s de survie_; (jur.) whatever is left to the survivor (husband or wife). _Amour du —_; love of lucre. _— de jeu_; winnings. _Tirer du — de_; to profit by. _Vivre de son —_; to live by one’s winnings. _Avoir — de cause_; to carry the day, to win. _Donner — de cause à_; to yield to any one. _Se retirer sur son —_; to retire upon one’s winnings.

=gaine=, _n.f._, scabbard, sheath; (of a clock) case; (bot.) ochrea; (archi.) terminal; (nav.) canvas-edging. _— de pavillon_; canvas edging of an ensign.

=gainerie=, _n.f._, sheath-making.

=gainier=, _n.m._, sheath-maker, scabbard-maker; (bot.) judas-tree.

=gaîté=. _V._ =gaieté=.

=gala=, _n.m._, gala. _Habite de —_; full, _or_ court, dress.

=galactomètre=, _n.m._, lactometer.

=galamment= (ga-la-mān), _adv._, gracefully; with gallantry, courteously, in a courtly manner; handsomely, genteelly; gallantly, bravely, nobly.

=galane=, _n.f._, (bot.) tortoise-flower.

=galanga=, _n.m._, (bot.) galangale, galanga.

=galant=, =-e=, _adj._, honest, upright; civil; liberal, generous; gallant, courteous; fine, flattering, complimentary, genteel. _C’est un — homme_; he is a man of honor. _Un homme —_; a courteous, polite man, ladies’ man. _Un billet —_; a love-letter. _Humeur —e_; gay humor. _En — homme_; like a gentleman, gallantly. _Manières —es_; gallant manners. _Femme —e_; courtesan, gay woman.

=galant=, _n.m._, gallant, wooer, sweetheart, suitor, lover; sharp fellow. _Faire le —_; to court the ladies. _Un vert galant_; a dashing ladies’ man, a devoted admirer of the fair sex. _— d’hiver_; (bot.) snow-drop.

=galanterie= (ga-lan-trî), _n.f._, politeness, gallantry (towards the ladies), flattering, courteous compliment; present; intrigue, love affair; (med.) syphilis. _Dire des —s_; to flirt with. _Ce n’est qu’une —_; it is but a mere compliment.

=galantin=, _n.m._, dangler, beau.

=galantine=, _n.f._, galantine; (bot.) snow-drop. _— perce-neige_; snow-drop.

☉=galantiser=, _v.a._, to dangle after.

☉_se_ =galantiser=, _v.r._, to admire one’s self.

=galaxie=, _n.f._, (astron.) Galaxy, Milky-Way.

=galbanum= (-non), _n.m._, (bot.) galbanum. _Donner du — à quelqu’un_; to raise false hopes.

=galbe=, _n.m._, (arch.) graceful sweep; entasis; swelling; outline, curve, sweep (of the face).

=gale=, _n.f._, itch; scab; mange; scurf (of vegetables, fruit). _Être méchant comme la —_; to be very spiteful. _N’avoir pas la — aux dents_; to be a glutton.

=galé=, _n.m._, gale, sweet-willow, Dutch myrtle.

=galéace= _or_ =galéasse=, _n.f._, (nav.) galeas.

=galée=, _n.f._, (print.) galley. _Coulisse de —_; galley-slice.

=galéga=, _n.m._, (bot.) galega, goat’s rue.

=galène=, _n.f._, (min.) galena. _— de fer_; wolfram. _Fausse —_; mock-lead.

=galénique=, _adj._, (med.) galenic, galenical.

=galénisme=, _n.m._, (med.) galenism.

=galéniste=, _n.m._, (med.) galenist.

=galeobdolan=, _n.m._, (bot.) yellow archangel.

=galéopsis=, _n.m._, (bot.) galeopsis; stinking dead-nettle, blind-nettle.

_se_ =galer=, _v.r._, (pop.) to scratch, _or_ to rub, one’s self. _v.a._, to scratch, to claw.

=galère=, _n.f._, galley, row-galley; organ-builder’s plane; Spanish wagon. _Être condamné aux —s_; to be condemned to the galleys. _Tenir —_; to maintain a galley. _Vogue la —_; happen _or_ come what may. _Qu’allait-il faire dans cette —?_ what business had he there _or_ whatever induced him to get into that scrape? _C’est une vraie —_; it is frightful drudgery.

=galerie= (ga-lri), _n.f._, gallery, lobby, corridor; (fig.) spectators, lookers on, company; (nav.) stern gallery, balcony; passage; (mec.) foot-board; (mining) level, drift, creep-hole; (thea.) gallery; (furniture) beading, rim; (for curtains) cornice. _Petite —_; (arch.) heading. _— principale_; (arch.) body-range (of vaults); (mining) foot-board. _— d’allongement_; (mining) main level. _— d’écoulement_; (engineering) drainage, drain-gallery; (mining) adit; offtake; drift; thirl. _— du faux pont_; (nav.) gangway. _— en saillie_; (arch.) bartizan. _Faire —_; to look on (at balls); to be a wall-flower. _— de tableaux_; picture-gallery.

=galérien= (-ri-in), _n.m._, galley-slave, convict.

=galerne=, _n.f._, (nav.) northwesterly wind.

=galet=, _n.m._, shuffle-board; pebble, shingle; shingly beach; gravel; (locksmith’s work) roller.

=galetas= (gal-tâ), _n.m._, garret, attic; hole, hovel.

=galette=, _n.f._, broad thin cake; sea-biscuit. _Plat comme une —_; flat as a pancake.

=galeu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, itchy; scabby; mangy; scurfy (of plants, trees). _Chien —_; mangy dog. _Brebis —se_; scabby sheep. _Arbre —_; scurfy tree. _Qui se sent — se gratte_; (prov.) if the cap fits, wear it.

=galeu-x=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, mangy fellow.

=galhauban=, _n.m._, (nav.) back-stay. _Rides de —s_; laniards of the back-stays. _—s volants_; preventer back-stays.

=galimafrée=, _n.f._, (cook.) hotch-potch, hash, mishmash.

=galimatias= (-tiâ), _n.m._, fustian, nonsense; balderdash, rigmarole, gibberish.

=galion=, _n.m._, (nav.) galleon.

=galiote=, _n.f._, galliot; half-galley, bark, boat, ketch, tub; (bot.) bennet. _— à bombes_; bomb-ketch. _— de Hollande_; track-scout.

=galipot=, _n.m._, white resin.

=galipoter=, _v.a._, (nav.) to pitch.

=galle=, _n.f._, oak-apple, gall. _Noix de —_; gall-nut. _—s de chêne_; oak galls.

=gallerie=, _n.f._, bee-moth.

=gallican=, =-e= (gal-li-), _adj._, Gallican, French.

=gallicanisme=, _n.m._, Gallicanism.

=gallicisme= (gal-li-), _n.m._, gallicism.

=gallinacé=, =-e=, _adj._, (orni.) gallinaceous.

=gallinacés= (gal-li-), _n.m.pl._, (orni.) gallinaceæ.

=galline=, _n.f._, (ich.) sapphirine garnet; swallow-fish; tub-fish.

=gallique= (gal-lik), _adj.m._, (chem.) gallic. _Acide —_; gallic acid; (geog.) Gallic.

=gallois=, =-e=, _adj._, Welsh.

=gallois=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, Welshman; Welshwoman.

=gallois=, _n.m._, Welsh language.

=gallon=, _n.m._, (measure of capacity) gallon.

=galoche=, _n.f._, galosh, clog; (nav.) clamp. _Un menton de —_; a long-pointed chin. _— de fer_; (nav.) hanging clamp.

=galon=, _n.m._, galoon, lace, gimp; grocer’s round box; officers’ stripes.

=galonner=, _v.a._, to lace, to adorn with gold or silver-lace. _Habit galonné_; laced coat.

=galonnier=, _n.m._, gold-lace maker; silver-lace maker.

=galop= (ga-lô), _n.m._, gallop, galloping; (dance) gallop; (pop.) scolding, reprimand. _Petit —_; hand gallop. _— raccourci_, _demi-—_; canter. _Grand —_ or _— de charge_; full gallop.

=galopade=, _n.f._, galloping; gallop; (fam.) blowing up.

=galopant=, =-e=, _adj._, galloping.

=galoper=, _v.n._, to gallop; to run on; to run about; to dance the gallop. _Faire — un cheval_; to make a horse gallop.

=galoper=, _v.a._, to gallop; to pursue; to run after; to seize upon.

=galopin=, _n.m._, errand boy; young scoundrel; blackguard; rogue, imp.

☉=galoubet=, _n.m._, (mus.) tabor-pipe.

=galuchat=, _n.m._, dog-fish skin; shark-skin.

=galurin=, _n.m._, hat, tile (slang).

=galvanique=, _adj._, galvanic. _Pile —_; galvanic battery, galvanic trough.

=galvaniser=, _v.a._, to galvanize.

=galvanisme=, _n.m._, galvanism.

=galvanomètre=, _n.m._, galvanometer.

=galvanoplastie=, _n.f._, electrotype.

=galvauder=, _v.a._, to abuse, to scold; to mess, to spoil.

=gamache=, _n.f._, spatterdash, legging; (orni.) black cap.

=gambade=, _n.f._, skip, gambol; blarney. _Payer en —s_; to pay in excuses.

=gambader=, _v.n._, to gambol, to skip, to romp, to frisk.

=gambette=, _n.f._, (orni.) red-shank.

=gambier=, _n.m._, iron bar; gambier.

*=gambiller=, _v.n._, to kick about, to fidget.

=gambit=, _n.m._, (at chess) gambit.

=gamelle=, _n.f._, (milit., nav.) porringer, platter, bowl, basin, mess. _Camarade de —_; messmate. _Manger à la même —_; to eat out of the same dish, to mess together.

=gamin=, _n.m._, boy, lad, urchin, street-arab, chit; blackguard, idle boy, cub, brat.

=gamine=, _n.f._, little girl, hoyden, chit of a girl; saucy baggage; hussy.

=gamme=, _n.f._, (mus.) gamut, scale; (fig.) comprehension, tone; dressing. _— chromatique_; chromatic scale. _Être hors de —_; to be off the hinges. _Changer de —_; to alter one’s tone, to turn over a new leaf. _Chanter la — à quelqu’un_; to lecture any one soundly. _Mettre quelqu’un hors de —_; to put any one out, to disconcert any one. _Je lui ai répondu sur la même —_; I answered him in the same tone.

=ganache=, _n.f._, lower jaw (of a horse); lout, dolt, booby, blockhead.

=ganga=, _n.m._, (orni.) sand-grouse.

=ganglion=, _n.m._, (surg.) ganglion; spavin.

=ganglionnaire=, _adj._, (anat.) ganglionary.

=gangrène=, _n.f._, gangrene, mortification; (fig.) corruption, canker.

=gangrené=, =-e=, _adj._, gangrened, mortified; cankered, corrupt.

=gangrener=, _v.a._, to gangrene, to mortify. _Se —_, _v.r._, to become gangrened, to be mortified; to gangrene; (fig.) to canker.

=gangreneu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (med.) gangrenous, cankered.

=gangue= (gang), _n.f._, gangue, vein-stone.

=ganivet=, _n.m._, small penknife; (surg.) small knife.

=gannaliser=, _v.a._, to embalm.

=gannet=, _n.m._, (orni.) wagel.

=gano= (ombre), let me have the deal, “I have the king.”

=ganse=, _n.f._, knot, bobbin; edging, braid, gimp; cord, twist; loop (of diamonds). _— de soie_; silk-cord.

=gant=, _n.m._, glove, gauntlet, gantlet. _— bourré_; fencing-glove; (fig.) merit, credit, honor. _— de Notre-Dame_; (bot.) throatwort. _Baguette à —s_; glove-stick. _Souple comme un —_; as soft as a glove. _L’amitié passe le —_; excuse my glove. _Jeter le —_; to throw down the gauntlet, to challenge. _Ramasser_, _relever_, _le —_; to take up the gauntlet, to accept the challenge. _Aller à quelqu’un comme un —_; to fit any one like a glove; to suit any one to a T. _Se donner les —s_; to attribute to one’s self the success, the merit (of a thing). _Il s’en donne les —s_; he takes the credit of it.

=gantelée=, _n.f._, (bot.) foxglove, throatwort. _Campanule —_; throatwort.

=gantelet= (gan-tlè), _n.m._, gauntlet; (tech.) hand-leather; (surg.) glove-bandage.

=ganter=, _v.a._, to glove, to fit with gloves; to fit (of gloves). _Cela me gante_; that suits me down to the ground.

_se_ =ganter=, _v.r._, to put on one’s gloves, to get one’s gloves (at so and so’s).

=ganterie= (gan-trî), _n.f._, glove-making; glove trade.

=gant-ier=, _n.m._, =-ière=, _n.f._ (-tier, -ti-èr), glover.

=garage=, _n.m._, (railways) shunting; (on rivers, canals) putting into wet dock; garage. _Voie de —_; siding.

=garançage=, _n.m._, (dy.) madder dyeing.

=garance=, _n.f._, (bot.) madder, madder-root. _Petite —_; squinancy. _— robée_; barked madder.

=garancer=, _v.a._, (dy.) to madder.

=garanceur=, _n.m._, (dy.) madder-dyer.

=garancière=, _n.f._, madder-ground.

=garant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, guarantee; surety, security; voucher; warranter; (nav.) tackle-fall. _Se rendre —_, or _se porter —_; to warrant, to vouch for. _J’en suis —_; I answer for it, vouch for it.

=garanti=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, warrantee.

=garantie= (-tî), _n.f._, warranty; guaranty; warranting, guaranteeing; making good; security, voucher, pledge. _— accessoire_; (jur.) collateral security. _Sous-—_; (_—-—s_) counterbound. _— de droit_; (jur.) implied warranty. _Être — à quelqu’un de quelque chose_; to pledge one’s self to any one for anything.

=garantir=, _v.a._, to guarantee; to warrant; to vouch for; to insure; to make good, to indemnify; to keep from; to protect, to defend, to shelter, to shield, to guard. _Je lui ai garanti le fait_; I vouched for the fact (to him). _Je ne vous le garantis pas_; I will not warrant it you. _— quelqu’un de toutes poursuites_; to secure any one against all demands. _— du froid_; to keep from cold.

_se_ =garantir=, _v.r._, to secure one’s self, to preserve one’s self, to shelter one’s self; to keep one’s self from; to keep clear of, to steer clear of.

=garat=, _n.m._, sort of calico.

=garbure=, _n.f._, (cook.) sort of thick porridge.

=garce=, _n.f._, strumpet, bitch, beast.

=garcette=, _n.f._, (nav.) gasket, rope’s end, sinnet; cat-o’-nine-tails, cat.

=garçon=, _n.m._, boy, lad; bachelor; journeyman, man; shop-boy, shopman; porter, office-porter; waiter; groom; (nav.) younker. _C’est un vieux —_; he is an old bachelor. _Faire le mauvais —_; to hector, to bluster. _Faire le beau —_; to riot, to lead a dissipated life. _Brave —_; worthy fellow; trump; dear fellow; good fellow. _Premier —_; foreman. _— tailleur_; journeyman tailor. _Vous voilà joli —!_ a pretty fellow you make!

=garçonner=, _v.n._, to hoiden, to romp.

=garçonnet=, _n.m._, little boy.

=garçonnière=, _n.f._, romp, tom-boy, hoiden; bachelor’s rooms.

=garde=, _n.f._, keeping; defence; watching; guard; watch; nurse; custody, charge, ward (of a lock); fly-leaf (of books); low card (at cards); (fenc.) ward, guard; (nav.) anchor-watch; care, heed. _Avoir la — d’un poste_; to have the defense of a post. _— avancée_; advance-guard. _Faire la —_, _être de —_; to be on guard. _Monter la —_; to mount guard. _Monter une — à quelqu’un_; to rate soundly. _Descendre la —_; to come off guard. _Relever la —_; to relieve guard. _La — montante_; the relieving guard. _La — descendante_; the coming off guard. _Officier de —_; officer on guard. _—s du corps_; life-guards. _Un corps de —_; a guard-house. _— à vous_; attention, look out. _Faire bonne —_; to keep good watch. _— d’enfants_; nurse. _Avoir en —_; to have in one’s keeping. _Donner en — à quelqu’un_; to commit to any one’s keeping. _Dieu vous ait en sa sainte —_; God have you in his holy keeping! _Se tenir en —_; to be upon one’s guard. _Il a toujours — à carreau_; he is always guarded against, ready for every emergency. _Fruit de —_; fruit that will keep. _Prenez — à cela_; take care of that. _Prenez — de tomber_; take care not to fall. _Prendre —_; to mind. _Il prend — à un sou_; he looks at a penny. _Ne prenez pas — à moi_; do not mind me. _Il m’offense sans y prendre —_; he offends me without meaning it. _Se donner de — de quelqu’un_, _de quelque chose_; to be on one’s guard against any one, anything. _S’en donner jusqu’à la —_; to go the whole hog. _Être hors de —_; to be completely ignorant of an affair. _N’avoir — de faire une chose_; to be far from doing a thing; not to be fool enough to do a thing; to be unable to do a thing. _Mon chien est de bonne —_; mine is a good watch-dog. _Il n’a — de tromper, il est trop honnête homme_; he is too honest to think of cheating. _Il n’a — de venir_; he will take care to keep away. _Je n’ai — d’y aller_; I am not such a fool as to go there. _Nous n’avons — d’en douter_; far be it from us to doubt it. _Être sur ses —s_; _se tenir sur ses —s_; to be upon one’s guard. _À la —!_ guard, guard! watch, watch!

=garde=, _n.m._, keeper, warden, warder; guard, attendant; watchman. _— des sceaux_; keeper of the seals. _— des rôles_; _— des archives_; master of the rolls. _—-national_; national guard. _— du commerce_; sheriff’s officer, bailiff. _— de nuit_; watchman. _— du corps_; life-guardsman. _Les —s du corps_; the life-guards.

=garde-barrière=, _n.m.f._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—s_) gate-keeper.

=garde-bois=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—_) wood-steward.

=garde-boutique=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—-—s_) unsaleable goods, old shopkeeper.

=garde-cendre=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—-—s_) fender.

=garde-champêtre=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) keeper.

=garde-chasse=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—s_) game-keeper.

=garde-chevron=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) barge-board, verge-board.

=garde-chiourme=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—_) overseer of convict-gangs; warder.

=garde-corps=, _n.m._, (_—_) rail, hand-rail; (nav.) life-line; swifter (of capstans).

=garde-côte=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) cruiser, guard-ship. _—_; coast-guard.

=garde-crotte=, _n.m._, (_—_) splash-board.

=garde-éclusier=, _n.m._, lock-keeper.

=garde-essieu=, _n.m._, axle-guard.

=garde-étalon=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—s_) stallion-keeper.

=garde-feu=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—-—x_) fire-guard; fender; match-tub.

=garde-forestier=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) forester.

=garde-fous=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) parapet (of bridges, quays); rail, hand-rail, railings; (nav.) lifeline; swifter (of capstans).

=garde-frein=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) brakesman.

=garde-ligne=, _n.m._, watchman.

=garde-magasin=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—s_) warehouse-keeper, warehouseman, store-keeper.

=garde-malade=, _n.m.f._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—s_) nurse, sick nurse, attendant.

=garde-manche=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) half-sleeve.

=garde-manger=, _n.m._, (_—_) buttery, larder, pantry; safe.

=garde-marteau=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—x_) (forestry) hammer-keeper.

=garde-meuble=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—-—s_) store-room, repository, lumber-room.

=garde-nappe=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—-—s_) table-mat.

=garde-national=, _n.m._, (_—s-nationaux_) national guard, militiaman.

=garde-nationale=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) national guard, militia.

=garde-note=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) notary.

=garde-pêche=, _n.m._, (_—_, _or_ _—s-—s_) river-keeper, water-bailiff.

=garde-port=, _n.m._, harbor-master.

=garder=, _v.a._, to keep, to preserve; to lay up, to lay by, to save; to tend, to take care of, to look after, to look to, to nurse; to guard, to protect, to defend; to observe; to keep down, to keep on (one’s stomach). _Je garde cela pour moi_; I keep that for myself. _Gardez votre place_; keep your place. _— la chambre_; to keep one’s room. _— la maison_; to take care of the house. _— un secret_; to keep a secret. _En donner à —_; to impose upon. _Je la lui garde bonne_; I have a rod in pickle for him. _— les bestiaux_; to tend cattle. _— les enjeux_; to keep the stakes. _— le mulet_; to dance attendance. _Dieu m’en garde_; God forbid, heaven preserve me from it! _— la bienséance_; to observe decency. _— son ban_; to complete one’s period of exile. _— un malade_; to nurse a sick person. _— à vue_; not to lose sight of. _— sa dignité_, _son rang_; to maintain, to uphold, one’s dignity, one’s rank. _— sous clef_; to keep locked up. _— une médecine_; to keep a dose of medicine down.