Chapter M (21)

=souffler=, _v.a._, to blow, to blow out; to breathe, to breathe out; to inflate; to whisper; to huff (at draughts); (nav.) to sheathe; to prompt. _— le feu_; to blow the fire. _— le chaud et le froid_; to blow hot and cold. _— un comédien_; to prompt a player. _— l’orgue_; to blow an organ. _— à quelqu’un un emploi_; to rob any one of a situation (by forestalling him). _— un vaisseau_; to sheath a ship. _— les canons_; (artil.) to scale the guns. _Ne pas — mot_; not to say a word, _or_ not to open one’s mouth.

_se_ =souffler=, _v.r._, to be blown.

=soufflerie=, _n.f._, bellows (of an organ); blast-apparatus; ☉alchemy.

=soufflet=, _n.m._, bellows, pair of bellows; head _or_ hood (of a carnage); box on the ear, slap in the face; affront, mortification; humiliation. _Donner un — à Vaugelas_; to murder the Queen’s English.

=souffletade=, _n.f._, (l.u.) slapping (in the face).

=souffleter=, _v.a._, to slap in the face, to box the ears of; (fig.) to strike, to insult, to buffet.

☉=souffleteur=, _n.m._, striker, slapper.

=souffletier=, _n.m._, bellows-maker.

=souffleur=, _n.m._, (zoöl.) a species of dolphin. _Les —s_; cetaceans.

=souffleu-r=, =-se=, _n._ and _adj._, blower, organ-blower; panter; (thea.) prompter; glass-blower; alchemist; panting (of horses). _— d’orgue_; organ-blower. _Cheval —_; panting horse; roarer.

=soufflure=, _n.f._, (metal.) flaw; seedy glass.

=souffrable=, _adj._, (l.u.) sufferable, tolerable.

=souffrance=, _n.f._, suffering, pain, suspense, sufferance; endurance; (jur.) sufferance, toleration. _En —_; suspended; (com.) standing over; (of bills) dishonored. _Jour de —_; borrowed light.

=souffrant=, =-e=, _adj._, suffering, in pain; patient; enduring; unwell, poorly, ailing.

=souffre-douleur=, _n.m._, (_—_) drudge; fag; butt, laughing-stock.

=souffreteu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, miserable, unwell, poorly, sickly, weakly, puny.

=souffrir= (souffrant, souffert), _v.a._, to suffer, to bear, to endure, to abide; to undergo, to sustain, to stand; to tolerate; to permit, to let, to allow, to put up with; to admit of. _— la douleur_; to endure pain. _— la fatigue_; to bear fatigue. _— un assaut_; to stand an assault. _— un affront_; to put up with an affront. _Je ne saurais — cet homme-là_; I cannot endure that man. _Il souffre tout à ses enfants_; he is too indulgent to his children. _Pourquoi souffrez-vous cela?_ why do you put up with that? _Cela ne souffre point de retardement_; that admits of no delay. _Faire —_; to pain, to grieve, to torture.

=souffrir=, _v.n._, to suffer, to suffer pain, to be in pain; to be pained; to be a sufferer; to be injured. _— de la tête_; to feel a pain in one’s head. _Se —_; to endure each other; to be tolerated; to be suffered (of things).

=soufi=, _n.m._ _V._ =sofi=.

=soufrage=, _n.m._, sulphuring; smoking with brimstone.

=soufre=, _n.m._, sulphur, brimstone. _Fleur de —_; flour of brimstone.

=soufrer=, _v.a._, to dip in brimstone, to sulphur.

=soufrière=, _n.f._, sulphur-mine.

=soufroir=, _n.m._, sulphuring-stove.

=sougarde=, _n.f._ _V._ =sous-garde=.

=sougorge=, _n.f._ _V._ =sous-gorge=.

=souhait=, _n.m._, wish, desire. _À —_; to one’s heart’s content, according to one’s desire, as one would have it. _Avoir tout à —_; to have everything to one’s liking. _À vos —s_; (fam.) God bless you! (after sneezing).

=souhaitable=, _adj._, desirable, to be wished for.

=souhaiter=, _v.a._, to wish, to wish for, to long for. _Je vous souhaite le bonjour_; I wish you good morning. _Il serait à — que, etc._; it is desirable that, etc. _Que souhaitez-vous?_ what do you wish for? _Je vous en souhaite_, _je t’en souhaite_; I wish you may get it. _— la bonne année à quelqu’un_; to wish any one a happy New Year.

_se_ =souhaiter=, _v.r._, to wish one’s self, _or_ each other.

=souï=, _n.m._, soy (sauce).

*=souille=, _n.f._, (hunt.) wallowing place (of wild boars); bed (impression made by the bottom of a ship on the mud).

*=souiller=, _v.a._, to soil, to dirty, to stain, to blemish, to sully, to defile, to pollute, to contaminate.

_se_ =souiller=, _v.r._, to soil, to get dirty; to sully, to tarnish.

*=souillon=, _n.m.f._, scullion; sloven, slut, slattern, trollop.

*=souillure=, _n.f._, dirt, spot of dirt; spot, stain; blot, impurity; contamination, pollution, defilement.

=soûl=, =-e= (soo, -l), _adj._, glutted; surfeited, drunk, tipsy; cloyed, satiated, heartily sick of. _— comme une grive_; as drunk as a lord. _Il est — de musique_; he is surfeited with music. _A merle — cerises sont amères_; plenty makes dainty. _Tout son —_; to one’s heart’s content.

=soûl= (soo), _n.m._, one’s fill, one’s bellyful. _Boire et manger son —_; to eat and drink one’s fill.

=soulageant=, =-e= (-jān, -t), _adj._, easing; comforting; relieving.

=soulagement= (-la-jmān), _n.m._, relief, ease, comfort, alleviation, assuagement; solace, help. _Cela me donne du —_; that relieves me. _C’est un — à ses peines_; it is an alleviation of his troubles.

=soulager=, _v.a._, to relieve, to ease, to lighten; to alleviate, to allay, to assist, to comfort; to assist, to help.

_se_ =soulager=, _v.r._, to relieve one’s self, _or_ each other.

=soûlaison=, _n.m._, (fam.) drunkenness; drinking bout, boozing.

=soûlard=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, (pop.) drunkard.

☉=soûlaud=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, (pop.) drunkard.

=soûler=, _v.a._, to fill, to glut, to satiate, to surfeit; to intoxicate, to make drunk.

_se_ =soûler=, _v.r._, to glut one’s self, to satiate one’s self; to get intoxicated; to riot, to get drunk.

=souleur=, _n.f._, (fam.) fright, shock.

=soulèvement= (-lèv-mān), _n.m._, heaving, rising (of the stomach); swelling, upheaving (of the waves); insurrection, revolt; indignation.

=soulever= (sool-vé), _v.a._, to raise; to lift, to heave up, to take up; to lift up; to excite, to stir up; to urge to insurrection; to excite to action; to raise the indignation of; to make indignant; to moot, _or_ raise (question).

_se_ =soulever= (sool-), _v.r._, to raise one’s self, to rise; to swell; to be urged to action; to be urged to indignation, to be indignant; to rise to revolt, to rise in insurrection, in arms.

=soulever= (sool-), _v.n._, to rise, turn (of the stomach). _Le cœur me soulève à la pensée de_; my stomach rises at the thought of.

=soulier=, _n.m._, shoe. _—s ferrés_; hobnailed shoes. _Être dans ses petits —s_; to be in an awkward situation, to be uneasy in one’s mind; to be on pins and needles.

=soulier-botte=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) Blucher boot.

*=soulignement=, _n.m._, underlining.

*=souligner=, _v.a._, to underline.

☉=souloir=, _v.n._, to be wont, to use.

=soulte= _or_ =soute=, _n.f._, (jur. com.) balance; premium, settlement.

=soumettre=, _v.a._, to subdue, to submit, to bring under subjection, to subject; to overcome; to subjugate; to subordinate, to refer. _— un pays_; to subdue a country.

_se_ =soumettre=, _v.r._, to submit, to yield, to be submissive, to give way; to succumb, to assent (to); to comply (with). _Il faut se — ou se démettre_; one must knuckle under or clear out, submit or resign.

=soumission=, _n.f._, submission, submissiveness, subjection, compliance, obedience, mark of respect; tender for a contract; contract; deed of contract; (jur.) bond; subscription. _—s cachetées_; sealed tenders.

=soumissionnaire=, _n.m.f._, tendering party.

=soumissionner=, _v.a._, to make a tender for _or_ to tender for.

=soupape=, _n.f._, plug, valve. _— dormante_; fixed valve. _— à clapet_; clack-valve. _— à gorge_; throttle valve. _— de sûreté_; safety-valve. _À —_; with a valve.

=soupatoire=, _adj._, (fam.) of supper, serving as a supper. _Dîner —_; dinner-supper.

=soupçon=, _n.m._, suspicion; surmise, conjecture, taste, smack, dash, jot, bit, trifle; touch. _Un — d’ail_; just a taste of garlic. _Un —, s’il vous plaît_; the smallest of pieces, please!

=soupçonnable=, _adj._, suspectable, liable to be suspected.

=soupçonner=, _v.a._, to suspect, to surmise.

_se_ =soupçonner=, _v.r._, to suspect one another; to be suspected.

=soupçonneu-r=, =-se=, _n.m.f._, suspecter.

=soupçonneu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, suspicious.

=soupe=, _n.f._, soup, slice of bread for soup, sippet, sop; (fam.) dinner. _— à perroquet_; bread steeped in wine. _— au lait_; milk-porridge. _Ivre comme une —_; as drunk as a lord, _or_ as tight as a drum. _Trempé comme une —_; drenched _or_ wet to the skin. _Tremper la —_; to soak the bread in the soup. _Tailler la —_; to cut bread for the soup. _— grasse_; meat soup. _— maigre_; vegetable soup. _S’emporter comme une — au lait_; to be of a very hasty temper; to fly into a passion (without any warning). _Manger la — avec quelqu’un_; (fam.) to come and dine with any one _or_ to come and have pot-luck with any one.

=soupente=, _n.f._, loft, garret; brace (of a coach); strap (of a horse).

=souper=, _v.n._, to sup, to take supper. _À —_; to sup; one’s supper.

=souper= _or_ =soupé=, _n.m._, supper.

=soupeser=, _v.a._, to weigh, to lift, to try the weight of.

=soupette=, _n.f._, thin slice of bread, sippet.

=soupeu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, supper, eater; gay man _or_ woman.

=soupied=, _n.m._ _V._ =sous-pied=.

=soupière=, _n.f._, tureen, soup-tureen.

=soupir=, _n.m._, sigh, breath; breathing; gasp; (fig.) wish, longing; (mus.) crotchet-rest. _pl._, sighing. _Pousser des —s_; to heave sighs. _Rendre le dernier —_; to breathe one’s last.

*=soupirail=, _n.m._, air-hole, vent-hole.

=soupirant=, _n.m._, wooer, lover.

=soupirer=, _v.n._, to sigh; to gasp; to long. _— de douleur_; to sigh for grief. _— après une chose_; to long for a thing.

=soupirer=, _v.a._, to breathe, to breathe forth, to sigh.

=soupireur=, _n.m._, (fam.) sigher.

=souple=, _adj._, supple, pliant, flexible, yielding, tractable, docile, compliant. _Un esprit —_; a compliant temper.

=souplement=, _adv._, pliantly, flexibly, compliantly.

=souplesse=, _n.f._, suppleness, pliancy, flexibility, facility, compliance, versatility. _La — de l’osier_; the flexibility of the osier. _Tours de —_; cunning tricks. _Sa voix a de la —_; there is a marked flexibility in his voice.

*=souquenille=, _n.f._, smock-frock; gabardine.

=source=, _n.f._, source, spring, fountain, fountain-head; well-spring, rise. _— d’eau_; spring. _Eau de —_; spring water. _Prendre sa —_; to take its rise (of a river). _Avoir sa — dans_; (fig.) to have its rise in, to proceed from. _Couler de —_; to flow naturally; to come from the heart.

=sourcier=, _n.m._, bletonist, spring-finder.

=sourcil=, (-ci), _n.m._, eye-brow, brow. _Froncer le —_; to knit one’s brow.

=sourcili-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, (anat.) superciliary.

*=sourciller=, _v.n._, to knit one’s brows; to frown; to wince, to flinch; (of water) to spring, to gush out. _Sans —_; without moving a muscle _or_ without wincing.

*=sourcilleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, haughty, proud; supercilious, cloud-topped, towering, steep; uneasy; melancholy. _Montagnes —ses_; lofty mountains.

=sourd=, =-e=, _adj._, deaf; dull, hollow, muffled (of sound); insensible, dead; (math.) ☉surd; secret, underhand; rumbling. _Voix —e_; hollow voice. _— comme un pot_; as deaf as a post. _Il court un bruit —_; it is whispered about. _Lanterne —e_; dark lantern. _Lime —e_; dead file. _Douleur —e_; dull pain. _Menées —es_; underhand dealings. _Faire la —e oreille_; to turn a deaf ear.

=sourd=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, deaf person; (zoöl.) salamander (local ex.). _Frapper comme un —_; to strike hard. _Faire le —_; to sham deafness. _Il n’est pire — que celui qui ne veut pas entendre_; none so deaf as those who won’t hear. _— et muet_; deaf and dumb.

=sourdaud=, _n.m._, person hard of hearing.

=sourdeline=, _n.f._, Italian bag-pipe.

=sourdement=, _adv._, indistinctly; with a hollow voice; dully, rumblingly; (of sound) with a dull rumbling noise; secretly; in an underhand manner. _Brûler —_; to smoulder.

=sourdine=, _n.f._, sordet, sordine (of a trumpet); damper (piano). _À la —_; secretly, on the sly.

=sourd-muet=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_), =sourde-muette=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) deaf and dumb person.

=sourdon=, _n.m._, (conch.) cockle.

=sourdre=, _v.n._, to spring, to issue, to gush out, to arise, to well; (nav.) (of a cloud) to rise.

=souriant=, _adj._, smiling.

=souriceau=, _n.m._, little mouse.

=souricier=, _n.m._, mouser.

=souricière=, _n.f._, mouse-trap.

=souriquois=, =-e=, _adj._, (jest.) of mice. _La gent —e_; the mouse tribe, the murine race.

=sourire=, _v.n._, to smile; to countenance; to be agreeable, to delight, to please (of a thing); to favor; to tempt, to suit. _— à quelqu’un_; to smile upon any one.

=sourire= _or_ =souris=, _n.m._, smile. _— moqueur_; a sneer, scornful smile.

=souris=, _n.f._, mouse; mouse-color; venison-bit, knuckle (of a leg of mutton); (milit.) saucisse, saucisson (to fire a mine); (vet.) nasal cartilage (of the horse). _Pas de —_; (fort.) flight of steps leading to the moat. _Chauve-—_, (_—s-—_) bat. _— qui n’a qu’un trou est bientôt prise_; it is well to have more than one string to one’s bow; _on entendrait trotter une —_; you could hear a pin drop.

=souris=, _adj. invariable_, mouse-colored. _Cheval —_; mouse-colored horse.

=sournois=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, dissembler, artful person, sly fox, sly boots; dissembled, artful, cunning, sly, deep, crafty.

=sournoisement=, _adv._, slyly, cunningly, on the sly.

=sournoiserie=, _n.f._, slyness, artfulness, cunning, sly trick.

=sous=, _prep._, under, beneath; upon; with; in; by; sub; deputy. _— le lit_; under the bed. _— terre_; underground. _Affirmer — serment_; to swear upon oath. _— silence_; in silence. _— la main_; close at hand. _— presse_; in the press. _— peu de jours_; in a few days. _— peu de temps_; in a short time. _Regarder quelqu’un — le nez_; to stare any one in the face. _—-gouverneur_, (_—-—s_) deputy-governor. _— secrétaire_; under-secretary. _— voile_; (nav.) under sail. _— le vent_; to leeward.

=sous-affermer=, _v.a._, to underlet; to take an under-lease.

=sous-agent=, _n.m.f._, (_—-—s_) under-agent.

=sous-aide=, _n.m.f._, (_—-—s_) under-assistant; assistant surgeon.

=sous-amendement=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) additional amendment; amendment to an amendment.

=sous-amender=, _v.a._, to make an additional amendment.

=sous-arbrisseau=, _n.m._, (_—-—x_) (bot.) suffrutex; undershrub.

=sous-aumônier=, _n.m._, sub-almoner; assistant chaplain.

=sous-axillaire=, _adj._, (bot.) sub-axillary.

*=sous-bail=, _n.m._, (_—-baux_) under-lease.

=sous-baill-eur=, =-eresse=, _n.m.f._, under-lessor.

=sous-barbe=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) under jaw (of horses). _— de beaupré_; (nav.) bob-stay.

=sous-bibliothécaire=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-librarian.

=sous-bois=, _n.m._, underwood, undergrowth.

=sous-bras=, _n.m._, dress preserver.

=sous-brigadier=, _n.m._, lance-corporal.

=sous-carbonate=, _n.m._, sub-carbonate.

=sous-chantre=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-chanter, succentor.

=sous-chef=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) chief-assistant, second head-clerk.

=sous-chevron=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (carp.) under-rafter.

=sous-clavi-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, (anat.) sub-clavian.

=sous-clerc=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) under-clerk.

=sous-comité=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-committee.

=sous-commis=, _n.m._, under-clerk, junior-clerk.

=sous-commissaire=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (nav.) under-commissary.

=sous-contrefort=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) stiffener (of boots, shoes).

=sous-costal=, =-e=, _adj._, (anat.) sub-costal.

=sous-couche=, _n.f._, underlayer, substratum.

=souscripteur=, _n.m._, subscriber; (com.) underwriter.

=souscription=, _n.f._, subscription; signature; contribution.

=souscrire=, _v.a.n._, to subscribe, to sign; (fig.) to consent, to agree to; to approve, to indorse. _— un contrat_; to subscribe a contract.

=souscrivant=, _n.m._, underwriter.

=sous-cutané=, =-e=, _adj._, subcutaneous.

=sous-délégué=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-delegate.

=sous-déléguer=, _v.a._, to subdelegate.

=sous-diaconat=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) subdeaconry.

=sous-diacre=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) subdeacon.

=sous-direct-eur=, =-rice=, _n.m.f._, sub-manager, sub-manageress.

=sous-diviser=, _v.a._ _V._ =subdiviser=.

=sous-division=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) subdivision.

=sous-dominante=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (mus.) sub-dominant.

=sous-double=, _adj._, (math.) subduple.

=sous-doublé=, =-e=, _adj._, (math.) sub-duplicate.

=sous-doyen=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-dean.

=sous-doyenné=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-deanery, sub-deanship.

=sous-économe=, _n.m._, sub-treasurer.

=sous-entendre=, _v.a._, not to express fully, to understand, to hint, to imply.

_se_ =sous-entendre=, _v.r._, to be understood. _Cela se sous-entend_; that is understood.

=sous-entendu=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) thing understood. _adj._, understood.

=sous-entente=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) mental reservation.

=sous-entrepreneur=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-contractor (of public works).

=sous-espèce=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) sub-species.

=sous-faîte=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (carp.) under-ridge-board.

=sous-ferme=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (jur.) under-lease.

=sous-fermer=, _v.a._, to underlet; to take an under-lease.

=sous-fermi-er=, _n.m._, =-ère=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (jur.) under-lessee.

=sous-fondation=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) subpavement.

=sous-fréter=, _v.a._, to underlet, to under-freight (ships).

=sous-garantie=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (jur.) counter-bond.

=sous-garde=, _n.f._, (_—_) trigger-guard.

=sous-genre=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) subgenus.

=sous-gorge=, _n.f._, (_—_) throat-band (of a bridle).

=sous-gouverneur=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) deputy-governor.

=sous-greffier=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) deputy-registrar.

=sous-instructeur=, _n.m._, (mil.) fugleman.

=sous-intendance=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (milit.) deputy-commissaryship; under commissary’s office.

=sous-intendant=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (milit.) deputy-commissary, sub-commissary.

=sous-jacent=, _adj._, subjacent.

=sous-jupe=, _n.f._, underskirt.

=sous-lieutenance=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (artil.) sub-lieutenancy; (milit.) ensigncy; (nav.) second-lieutenancy.

=sous-lieutenant=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (artil.) sub-lieutenant; (milit.) ensign; (nav.) second-lieutenant.

=sous-locataire=, _n.m.f._, (_—-—s_) under-tenant.

=sous-location=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) under-letting, under-tenancy.

=sous-louer=, _v.a._, to underlet; to under-hire.

=sous-maître=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) usher, under-master, assistant (at a school).

=sous-maîtresse=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) assistant-teacher; governess.

=sous-marin=, =-e=, _adj._, submarine; submersed; underset (of currents).

=sous-maxillaire=, _adj._, (anat.) sub-maxillary.

=sous-multiple=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (arith.) sub-multiple.

=sous-noix=, _n.f._, round (of beef).

=sous-normale=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (geom.) sub-normal; sub-perpendicular.

=sous-occipital=, =-e=, _adj._, sub-occipital.

_en_ =sous-œuvre=, _adv._, (arch.) underpinning. _Reprendre un mur en —_; to underpin a wall.

=sous-officier=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) non-commissioned officer.

=sous-orbiculaire=, _adj._, suborbicular.

=sous-ordre=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) subordinate. _En —_; subordinately.

=sous-perpendiculaire=, _n.f._ _V._ =sous-normale=.

=sous-pied=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) strap (of trousers).

=sous-précepteur=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) assistant tutor.

=sous-préfecture=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) sub-prefecture.

=sous-préfet=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-prefect, under-sheriff.

=sous-prieur=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-prior.

=sous-prieure=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) sub-prioress.

=sous-principal=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) vice-principal.

=sous-sacristain=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) under-sexton, under-sacristan.

=sous-secrétaire=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) under-secretary.

=sous-secrétariat=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) under-secretaryship.

=sous-seing=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) private deed.

=sous-sel=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (chem.) sub-salt.

*=soussigné=, =-e=, _part._, undersigned, underwritten. _Nous —s certifions_; we, the undersigned, certify.

=sous-sol=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (agri.) sub-soil, sub-stratum; basement.

=sous-tangente=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (geom.) subtangent.

=sous-tendante=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (geom.) sub-tense chord.

=sous-tendre=, _v.a._, (geom.) to subtend.

=sous-titre=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (print.) sub-heading, second title.

=soustraction=, _n.f._, (arith., jur.) subtraction; taking away.

=soustraire= (soustrayant, soustrait), _v.a._, to take away, to remove; to withdraw; to shelter, to screen; (arith.) to subtract.

_se_ =soustraire=, _v.r._, to escape, to avoid; to flee; to exempt one’s self; to withdraw; to be subtracted. _Se — au châtiment_; to avoid punishment. _Se — à la tyrannie_; to flee from tyranny. _Se — à la justice_; to fly from justice, to abscond.

=sous-traitant=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-contractor.

=sous-traité=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sub-contract.

=sous-traiter=, _v.a._, to sub-contract.

=sous-triple=, _adj._, (math.) sub-triple.

=sous-triple=, =-e=, _adj._, (math.) sub-triplicate. _En raison —e_; in a sub-triplicate ratio.

=soustylaire=, _n.f._, substyle (of a dial).

=sous-variété=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) sub-variety.

=sous-ventrière=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) belly-band.

=soutache=, _n.f._, braid (of a hussar’s shako).

=soutacher=, _v.a._, to braid (needlework).

=soutane=, _n.f._, cassock; (fig.) cloth; priests.

=soutanelle=, _n.f._, short cassock.

=soute=, _n.f._, (nav.) store-room. _— aux poudres_; (nav.) powder-magazine, powder-room. _V._ =soulte=. _— à charbon_; coal-bunker; coal-chute. _— au pain_; bread-room; bread-pan.

=soutenable= (soo-tnabl), _adj._, sustainable, maintainable; supportable, tenable.

=soutenance=, _n.f._, the sustaining of a thesis.

=soutenant= (soo-tnān), _n.m._, sustainer, mooter (student); respondent.

=soutènement= (-tè-n-mān), _n.m._, (arch.) support, prop; (jur.) written explanation. _Mur de —_; breast-wall.

=souteneur= (soo-tneur), _n.m._, bully; pimp.

=soutenir= (soo-tnir), _v.a._, to support, to sustain, to bear, to bear up; to hold, to hold up; to keep up, to uphold; to assert, to maintain; to uphold, to affirm, to back, to stand by; to countenance, to favor; to prop, to prop up; to strengthen; to afford (an expense); to endure, to bear up against. _— une famille_; to support a family. _— la conversation_; to keep up the conversation. _— son rang_; to uphold, _or_ keep up, one’s rank. _— le combat_; to maintain the fight. _— la lumière_; to bear the light. _Il ne peut — la raillerie_; he cannot stand joking. _Le vin vous soutient_; wine strengthens one. _— une thèse_; to sustain a thesis. _— un siège_; to sustain a siege.

_se_ =soutenir=, _v.r._, to support one’s self; to sustain one’s self; to stand up, to keep one’s self up; to bear up; to hold out; to succeed; to continue, to get on, not to flag. _Elle se soutient bien_; she holds out very well. _Son style ne se soutient pas_; his style is not sustained. _Se — contre_; to resist, to withstand.

=soutenu=, =-e=, _adj._, supported, sustained; continued; unremitting, unceasing, constant; high, lofty, elevated. _Discours bien —_; well-sustained discourse. _Style —_; lofty style.

=souterrain=, =-e=, _adj._, subterraneous, subterranean. _Voies —es_; underhand practices.

=souterrain=, _n.m._, cavern, vault; tunnel; underground.

=souterrainement=, _adv._, underground; (fig.) in an underhanded manner, secretly.

=soutien= (-ti-in), _n.m._, stay, prop, support, staff; maintenance; sustenance; stiffening; supporter, upholder, vindicator, sustainer.

=soutirage=, _n.m._, racking, drawing off (of wine).

=soutirer=, _v.a._, to rack, to draw off (liquors); to get out of, to worm out of, to screw out of (to obtain).

=soutre=, _n.m._, writing pad.

☉=souvenance= (soo-vnans), _n.f._, remembrance, recollection. _Avoir —_; to remember.

=souvenez-vous-de-moi=, _n.m._, (_—_) (bot.) marsh scorpion-grass; forget-me-not.

=souvenir= (soo-vnir), _n.m._, remembrance, recollection, memory, reminder; keepsake; memorandum-book; letter-rack. _Rappeler une chose au — de quelqu’un_; to remind any one of a thing. _Rappelez-moi à son —_; remember me to him.

_se_ =souvenir=, _v.r._, to remember; to call to mind, to recollect; to bear in mind. _Se — du temps passé_; to remember past times. _Je m’en souviendrai_; I shall remember it. _Il me souvient_; I remember. _Il m’en souvient_; I remember it. _T’en souvient-il?_ do you remember? _Autant que je puis m’en —_; to the best of my recollection. _S’il m’en souvient bien_; if I recollect rightly.

=souvent=, _adv._, often, oftentimes, frequently, many times. _Peu —_; rarely.

☉=souventefois= (-vant-foa), _adv._, oftentimes.

=souverain=, =-e= (soo-vrin, -vrè-n), _n._ and _adj._, sovereign; supreme, superlative, highest, extreme, most excellent, infallible; final, without appeal. _Au — degré_; to a sovereign degree.

=souverain=, _n.m._, sovereign (coin).

=souverainement= (soo-vrè-n-mān), _adv._, extremely, in the extreme; finally; sovereignly, supremely, superlatively.

=souveraineté= (souv-rè-n-té), _n.f._, sovereignty, supremacy, dominion; dominions.

=soy=, _n.m._ _V._ =souï=.

=soyeu-x=, _-se_, _adj._, silky, silken.

=spacieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, spaciously.

=spacieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, spacious, wide, roomy, large.

=spadassin=, _n.m._, (b.s.) fighter, bully, hired assassin.

*=spadille=, _n.m._, spadilla (at ombre).

=spahi=, _n.m._, spahi (Algerian horse soldier).

=spalme=, _n.m._, (nav.) paying-stuff. _V._ =courée= _or_ =courai=.

=spalmer=, _v.a._, to grave, to pitch, to pay (a ship). _V._ =espalmer=.

=spalt=, _n.m._, (min.) spalt.

=sparadrap= (-dra-p), _n.m._, (pharm.) cerecloth.

=spare=, _n.m._, (ich.) gilt-head.

=spargoule= _or_ =spargoute=, _n.f._ _V._ =spergule=.

=spartan= _or_ =sparton=, _n.m._, (nav.) rope made of esparto.

=sparte=, _n.f._, (bot.) esparto; mat-weed.

=sparterie=, _n.f._, manufacture of esparto; esparto articles.

=spartiate=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, Spartan.

=sparton=, _n.m._ _V._ =spartan=.

=spasme=, _n.m._, spasm.

=spasmodique=, _adj._, spasmodic.

=spasmologie=, _n.f._, spasmology.

=spath= (spat), _n.m._, (min.) spar. _— perlé_; pearl spar. _— fluor_; fluor-spar.

=spathacé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) spathaceous.

=spathe=, _n.f._, (bot.) spatha, spathe.

=spathique=, _adj._, (min.) sparry, spathic.

=spatule=, _n.f._, spatula; (orni.) spoon-bill.

=spécial=, =-e=, _adj._, special, especial, peculiar, particular; professional (of a person). _Les hommes spéciaux_; professional men.

=spécialement= (-al-mān), _adv._, especially, peculiarly, particularly.

=spécialisation=, _n.f._, specialization.

=spécialiser=, _v.n._, to specialize.

=spécialiste=, _n.m._, (med.) specialist. _Médecin —_; specialist.

=spécialité=, _n.f._, peculiarity, specialty; line, _or_ department, of business; special study.

=spécieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, speciously, plausibly.

=spécieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, specious, plausible.

=spécificati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, specificative.

=spécification=, _n.f._, specification.

=spécifier=, _v.a._, to specify.

=spécifique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, specific.

=spécifiquement= (-fik-mān), _adv._, specifically.

=spécimen= (-mè-n), _n.m._, (_—s_) specimen.

=spéciosité=, _n.f._, speciousness.

=spectacle=, _n.m._, play, spectacle, scene, sight, public view, show; play-house, performance; theater. _Salle de —_; play-house, theater. _Être en —_; to be exposed to public view. _Se donner en —_; to attract attention; to make one’s self conspicuous. _Programme_, or _affiche_, _de —_; play-bill. _Servir de —_; to be a butt for public laughter. _Jour de —_; play-night. _Aller au —_; to go to the play, _or_ theater.

=spectat-eur=, =-rice=, _n._ and _adj._, spectator, looker-on, by-stander. _pl._, (thea.) spectators, audience. _adj._, looking on.

=spectral=, _adj._, (opt.) spectral; pertaining to the spectrum.

=spectre=, _n.m._, specter, phantom, ghost; (phys.) spectrum.

=spéculaire=, _adj._, (min.) specular, transparent. ☉_Science —_; the science of mirror-making.

=spéculat-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, speculator, investor.

=spéculati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, speculative.

=spéculatif=, _n.m._, speculative man, speculative mind.

=spéculation=, _n.f._, speculation.

=spéculativement=, _adv._, in a speculative manner.

=spéculer=, _v.n._, to speculate.

=speculum= (spé-cu-lom), _n.m._, (_—_) (surg.) speculum.

☉=spée=, _n.f._ _V._ =cépée=.

=spencer= (spin-sèr), _n.m._, (_—s_) spencer (garment).

=spergule=, _n.f._, (bot.) spurrey.

=spermaceti= (-céti), _n.m._, (_n.p._) spermaceti, sperm.

=spermatique=, _adj._, spermatic.

=spermatocèle=, _n.f._, (med.) spermatocele.

=spermatologie=, _n.f._, (med.) spermatology.

=sperme=, _n.m._, sperm, seed. _— de baleine_, _blanc de baleine_; spermaceti.

=spermophile=, _n.m._, ground squirrel.

=sphacèle=, _n.m._, (med.) sphacelus.

=sphacélé=, =-e=, _adj._, sphacelated.

=sphénoïdal=, =-e=, _adj._, sphenoidal.

=sphénoïde=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (anat.) sphenoid, sphenoidal.

=sphère=, _n.f._, (geom.) sphere, globe; circle, orb, orbit. _Sortir de sa —_; to go out of one’s sphere. _Etude de la —_; use of the globes.

=sphéricité=, _n.f._, sphericity.

=sphérique=, _adj._, spherical, globose. _Triangle —_; curvilinear triangle.

=sphériquement=, _adv._, spherically.

=sphériste=, _n.m._, (antiq.) one who taught ball playing.

=sphéristère=, _n.m._, (antiq.) ball playing ground.

=sphéristique=, _n.f._, (antiq.) the art of ball playing.

=sphéroïdal=, =-e=, _adj._, spheroidal.

=sphéroïde=, _n.m._, (geom.) spheroid.

=sphéromètre=, _n.m._, spherometer.

=sphincter= (-tèr), _n.m._, (anat.) sphincter.

=sphinx= (sfīnks), _n.m._, sphinx; (ent.) sphinx, hawk-moth.

=sphragistique=, _n.f._, sphragistics.

=spic=, _n.m._, (bot.) spike, lavender.

=spica=, _n.m._, (surg.) spica-bandage, spica.

=spicanard=, _n.m._, (bot.) spikenard.

=spiccato=, _adv._, (mus.) spiccato.

=spiciforme=, _adj._, spike-shaped.

=spicule=, _n.m._, (bot.) spicule, spikelet.

=spigélie=, _n.f._, (bot.) worm-grass.

=spina-bifida=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) (med.) rickets.

=spinal=, =-e=, _adj._, spinal.

=spina-ventosa=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) (med.) spina-ventosa.

=spinelle=, _n.m._, spinel, spinelle.

=spinifère=, _n.m._, spiniferous.

=spiniforme=, _adj._, spiniform.

=spinosisme=, _n.m._, Spinozism.

=spinosiste=, _n.m._, Spinozist.

=spiral=, =-e=, _adj._, spiral.

=spiral=, _n.m._, (horl.) spiral spring; hair-spring, balance spring.

=spirale=, _n.f._, (geom.) spiral; spire; (conch.) turban. _En —_; spirally, winding round. _Aller en —_; to wind (up _or_ round).

☉=spiralement= (-ral-mān), _adv._, in a spiral form, spirally.

=spiration=, _n.f._, (theol.) spiration.

=spire=, _n.f._, (ancient arch.) spire; (geom.) helix, revolution of the helix.

=spirée=, _n.f._, (bot.) spiræa (genus). _— ulmaire_, or _reine-des-prés_; meadow-sweet, queen of the meadow. _— filipendule_; dropwort.

=spirite=, _n.m.f._, spirit-rapper, spiritist.

=spiritisme=, _n.m._, spiritism, spiritualism.

=spiritualisation=, _n.f._, (chem.) spiritualization.

=spiritualiser=, _v.a._, to spiritualize.

=spiritualisme=, _n.m._, spiritualism.

=spiritualiste=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, spiritualist.

=spiritualité=, _n.f._, spirituality.

=spirituel=, _n.m._, spirituality (not temporality); (rel.) spiritual man.

=spirituel=, =-le=, _adj._, spiritual (incorporeal); mental, intellectual; witty, shrewd, ingenious; sprightly, lively, intelligent. _Un homme fort —_; a very witty man. _Une réponse —le_; a witty answer.

=spirituellement= (-èl-mān), _adv._, spiritually, in spirit, ingeniously, wittily, cleverly, shrewdly.

=spiritueu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, spirituous.

=spiritueux=, _n.m._, spirit, spirits. _pl._, spirituous liquors.

=splanchnique=, _adj._, (anat.) splanchnic.

=splanchnologie= (splān-kno-), _n.f._, (anat.) splanchnology.

=spleen= (spli-n), _n.m._, spleen, melancholy.

=splénalgie=, _n.f._, spleenalgy.

=splendeur=, _n.f._, splendor, brightness, luster; brilliancy, magnificence, pomp.

=splendide=, _adj._, splendid, sumptuous, magnificent.

=splendidement= (-did-mān), _adv._, splendidly, sumptuously, magnificently.

=splénétique=, _adj._, _n.m.f._, splenetic.

=splénique=, _adj._, (anat.) splenic.

=spoliat-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, spoiler, despoiler, spoliator. _adv._, despoiling, of spoliation.

=spoliation=, _n.f._, spoliation.

=spolier=, _v.a._, to spoliate, to despoil, to plunder, to rob.

=spondaïque=, _n.m._ and _adj._, spondaic.

=spondée=, _n.m._, spondee.

=spondyle=, _n.m._, (anat.) spondyl, spondyle; (conch.) spondylus.

=spondylite=, _n.f._, (med.) inflammation of the vertebræ.

=spongieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, spongy.

=spongiosité=, _n.f._, sponginess.

=spongite=, _n.f._, (min.) spongite.

=spontané=, =-e=, _adj._, spontaneous; voluntary.

=spontanéité=, _n.f._, spontaneity, spontaneousness.

=spontanément=, _adv._, spontaneously, of one’s own accord, voluntarily.

=sponton=, _n.m._ _V._ =esponton=.

=sporadique=, _adj._, (med.) sporadic.

=spore=, _n.f._, (bot.) spore, sporule.

=sport=, _n.m._, (_—s_) sport.

=sportsman=, _n.m._, sportsman.

=sportule=, _n.f._, dole, bribe, alms.

=sporule=, _n.f._, (bot.) sporule, spore.

=spouliner=, _v.a._, to spool (thread).

=spumeu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, spumous, foamy, frothy.

=spumosité=, _n.f._, frothiness.

=sputation=, _n.f._, (med.) sputation, expectoration.

=squale= (skooal), _n.m._, (ich.) dog-fish, shark.

=squammeu-x=, =-se= (skooa-), _adj._, squamous, scaly, squamose.

=square= (skooêr), _n.m._, (_—s_) square (public place).

=squelette=, _n.m._, skeleton; carcass, frame (of a ship). _C’est un —_, _c’est un vrai —_; (pers.) he, she, is a living skeleton.

*=squille=, _n.f._, squill (crustaceous animal).

=squinancie=. _V._ =esquinancie=.

=squine=, _n.f._, (bot.) China-root.

=squirre= _or_ =squirrhe= (skir), _n.m._, (med.) scirrhus, glandular tumor.

=squirreu-x=, =-se=, _or_ =squirrheu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, scirrhous.

=s.s.=, initial letters of _Sa Sainteté_, His Holiness, title of the Pope.

=s.s.=, =p.p.=, abbreviations of _Saints Pères_; Holy Fathers.

=st!= _int._, here, come here! hi! hoy! I say!

=stabat mater=, _n.m._, (_—_) (c.rel.) Stabat Mater.

=stabilité=, _n.f._, stability, consistence, firmness, solidity; durability, steadfastness. _Manquer de —_; to lack stability.

=stable=, _adj._, stable, solid, firm, durable, lasting, permanent; steadfast.

=stade=, _n.m._, (antiq.) stadium (185 m.); furlong (Eng. measure); stade; (med.) stage, period.

=stage=, _n.m._, term of probation, residence; (rail.) luggage-van. _Faire son —_; to keep one’s terms (as a probationer).

=stagiaire=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, licentiate in law going through his stage. _Avocat —_; licentiate in law (not admitted to the bar) _or_ probationer. _adj._, attending terms, going through his course.

=stagirite=, _n.m._, stagyrite.

=stagnant=, =-e=, _adj._, stagnant, standing still.

=stagnation=, _n.f._, stagnation, stagnancy.

*=stagnon=, _n.m._ _V._ =estagnon=.

=stalactite=, _n.f._, (min.) stalactite.

=stalagmite=, _n.f._, (min.) stalagmite.

=stalle=, _n.f._, stall (for horses).

=stamenais=, _n.m.pl._, (nav.) lower futtocks.

=staminé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) staminate, stamened.

=staminifère=, _adj._, (bot.) staminiferous.

=staminiforme=, _adj._, staminiform.

=stance=, _n.f._, stanza.

=stangue= (stān-g), _n.f._, (her.) shank of an anchor.

=stannifère=, _adj._, stanniferous, tinny. _Terrain —_; tin-ground. _Veine —_; tin-floor.

=staphisaigre=, _n.f._, (bot.) stavesacre, licebane, lousewort.

=staphylin=, _n.m._, (ent.) staphylinus.

=staphylôme=, _n.m._, (med.) staphyloma, staphylosis.

=staroste=, _n.m._, starost (Polish noble).

=starostie= (-tî), _n.f._, starosty (fief).

=stase=, _n.f._, (med.) arrest, stagnation (of the blood).

=stathouder= (-dèr), _n.m._, stadtholder.

=stathoudérat=, _n.m._, stadtholdership, stadtholderate.

=statice=, _n.f._, (bot.) sea-lavender.

=station=, _n.f._, action of standing; manner of standing; stay; station (short stay); stoppage; stand (of public coaches); (railway) station; halt; stoppage. _Il n’y a point de voitures à la —_; there are no cabs on the stand. _Chef de —_; (rail.) station-master.

=stationnaire=, _adj._, stationary.

=stationnaire=, _n.m._, (nav.) guard-ship, police-ship.

=stationnal=, _adj._, stational (of churches).

=stationnement= (-sio-n-mān), _n.m._, stationing, stoppage; standing (of cabs).

=stationner=, _v.n._, to stop, to stand (of cabs).

=statique=, _n.f._, statics.

=statisticien= (-si-in), _n.m._, statistician.

=statistique=, _n.f._, statistics, returns.

=statuaire=, _n.m._, (pers.) statuary.

=statuaire=, _adj._, statuary.

=statuaire=, _n.f._, statuary (art).

=statue=, _n.f._, statue, figure; (Bibl.) pillar.

=statuer=, _v.a._, to decree, to resolve, to ordain, to enact. _v.n._, to make laws.

=statuette=, _n.f._, small statue, statuette.

=statu quo=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) statu quo. _In —_; in statu quo.

=stature=, _n.f._, stature, height.

=statut=, _n.m._, statute, decree; by-law, written law; article (of association).

=statutaire=, _adj._, statutory, conformable to statute.

=steamer= (sti-meur), _n.m._, (_—s_) steamer.

=stéarine=, _n.f._, (chem.) stearine.

=stéarique=, _adj._, (chem.) stearic.

=stéatite=, _n.f._, (min.) steatite.

=stéatocèle=, _n.f._, (med.) steatocele.

=stéatôme=, _n.m._, (med.) steatoma.

=steeple-chase=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) steeple-chase.

=stèle=, _n.f._, (arch.) stela; (of a sun-dial) pedestal.

=stellaire=, _n.f._, (bot.) stitchwort.

=stellaire=, _adj._, (astron.) stellar, stellary, starry.

=stelliforme=, _adj._, stelliform, in the shape of a star.

=stellion=, _n.m._, star-lizard.

=stellionat=, _n.m._, (jur.) stellionate.

=stellionataire=, _n.m._, (jur.) person guilty of stellionate.

=sténographe=, _n.m._, stenographer, short-hand writer; reporter. _— des chambres_; parliamentary reporter.

=sténographie=, _n.f._, stenography, shorthand.

=sténographier=, _v.a._, to write in short-hand, to take down in short-hand, to report.

=sténographique=, _adj._, stenographical.

=sténographiquement=, _adv._, stenographically.

=stentor=, _n.m._, Stentor. _D’une voix de —_; in a stentorian voice.

=steppe=, _n.m._ or _f._, steppe.

=stercoraire=, _adj._, stercoraceous, stercorary.

=stère=, _n.m._, (French measure) stere, cubic meter (35.3174 cubic feet).

=stéréobate=, _n.m._, (arch.) stereobate.

=stéréographie=, _n.f._, stereography.

=stéréographique=, _adj._, stereographic, stereographical.

=stéréométrie=, _n.f._, (geom.) stereometry.

=stéréoscope=, _n.m._, stereoscope.

=stéréotomie=, _n.f._, (geom.) stereotomy.

=stéréotypage=, _n.m._, stereotyping.

=stéréotype=, _adj._, stereotype.

=stéréotyper=, _v.a._, to stereotype.

=stéréotypeur=, _n.m._, stereotyper.

=stéréotypie=, _n.f._, stereotypy; stereotype printing; stereotype printing-office.

=stérile=, _adj._, sterile, barren, unfruitful; (fig.) fruitless, vain; farrow (of cows). _Année —_; year of dearth. _Ouvrage —_; dry work. _Gloire —_; empty glory. _Vache —_; farrow cow.

=stérilement=, _adv._, barrenly, unfruitfully.

=stériliser=, _v.a._, to make, to render, sterile; to sterilize.

=stérilité=, _n.f._, sterility, barrenness, unfruitfulness; (fig.) dearth, scarcity. _— de nouvelles_; scarcity, _or_ dearth, of news.

=sterling=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, _invariable_, sterling. _Monnaie —_; sterling. _Livre —_; pound sterling.

=sterne=, _n.m._, (orni.) tern, black tern.

=sternum= (-nom), _n.m._, (_—_) (anat.) sternum, breast-bone.

=sternutatoire=, _n.m._ and _adj._, sternutatory.

=stertoreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (med.) stertorous.

=stéthoscope=, _n.m._, (med.) stethoscope.

=stibié=, =-e=, _adj._, (pharm.) stibial, antimonial.

=stigmate=, _n.m._, scar, stigma, brand, mark of infamy; mark, spot, trace, stain; (ent.) spiracle; (bot.) stigma. _pl._, (theol.) stigmata. _— flétrissant_; mark of infamy, stigma of infamy. _Porter les —s de la petite vérole_; to be pock-marked.

=stigmatiser=, _v.a._, to brand (with a hot iron); to stigmatize, to brand.

=stil de grain=, _n.m._, (paint.) yellow lake.

=stillation=, _n.f._, (phys.) dripping, dropping.

=stimulant=, =-e=, _adj._, stimulating, stimulant.

=stimulant=, _n.m._, stimulant, stimulus.

=stimulat-eur=, =-rice=, _adj._, stimulating.

=stimulation=, _n.f._, stimulation.

=stimuler=, _v.a._, to stimulate, to excite, to rouse, to spur on, to urge forward.

=stimulus=, _n.m._, (med.) stimulus.

=stipe=, _n.f._, (bot.) feather-grass, stipa; ☉a tax on leases.

=stipe=, _n.m._, (bot.) stipe; caudex.

=stipelle=, _n.f._, (bot.) stipel.

=stipendiaire=, _adj._, stipendiary, hired.

=stipendié=, _n.m._, stipendiary, hireling.

=stipendier=, _v.a._, to hire, to keep in pay.

=stipulacé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) stipulaceous.

=stipulant=, =-e=, _adj._, (jur.) stipulating.

=stipulation=, _n.f._, stipulation.

=stipule=, _n.f._, (bot.) stipula, stipule.

=stipuler=, _v.a._, to stipulate; (jur.) to covenant, to contract.

=stock=, _n.m._, (_—_) (com.) stock.

=stockfisch=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) stockfish.

=stoff=, _n.m._, stuff (cotton or woolen).

=stoïcien=, =-ne=, (-in, -è-n), _n._ and _adj._, stoic; stoical.

=stoïcisme=, _n.m._, stoicism, stoicalness.

=stoïcité=, _n.f._, stoicism.

=stoïque=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, stoic; stoical.

=stoïquement= (-ik-mān), _adv._, stoically.

=stokfiche=, _n.m._ _V._ =stockfisch=.

=stole=, _n.f._, (antiq.) stola.

=stomacal=, =-e=, _adj._, stomachic.

=stomachique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (med.) stomachic; (anat.) of the stomach.

=stomate=, _n.m._, (bot.) stomatum.

=stopper=, _v.a._ and _n._, to stop (a railway train, a steamboat, an engine).

=stoppeur=, _n.m._, (nav.) stopper.

=storax= (-aks), _n.m._, (bot., pharm.) storax.

=store=, _n.m._, spring-roller blind, roller-blind; blind. _Lever les —s_; to pull up the blinds. _Baisser les —s_; to let the blinds down, or pull down the blinds.

=storthing=, _n.m._, Storthing (Norway legislative body).

=strabisme=, _n.m._, (med.) strabism; squinting.

=strabite=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, squint-eyed; squinting.

=stramonium=, _n.m._, (bot.) stramony, thorn-apple.

=strangulation=, _n.f._, strangulation.

☉=stranguler=, _v.a._ _V._ =étrangler=.

=strangurie=, _n.f._, (med.) strangury.

=strapasser=, _v.a._, ☉to drub, to bang, to thrash; (paint.) (l.u.) to rough-sketch, to paint carelessly, to daub.

=strapasson=, _n.m._, dauber, rough-sketcher.

=strapassonner=, _v.a._, (paint.). _V._ =strapasser=.

=strapontin=, _n.m._, bracket seat (of carriages).

=stras= (strâs), _n.m._, strass, paste (of jewels).

=strasse=, _n.f._, floss-silk.

=stratagème=, _n.m._, stratagem.

=strate=, _n.f._, (geol.) stratum.

=stratégie=, _n.f._, strategy.

=stratégique=, _adj._, strategic, strategical.

=stratégiste=, _n.m._, strategist.

=stratification=, _n.f._, stratification.

=stratifier=, _v.a._, to stratify.

=stratocratie= (-ci), _n.f._, stratocracy.

=stratographie=, _n.f._, stratography.

=strélitz=, _n.m._, strelitz.

=strette=, _n.f._, (mus.) stretto (part of a fugue).

=stribord=, _n.m._ (nav.). _V._ =tribord=.

=strict= (strikt), =-e=, _adj._, strict, precise, rigid, severe, rigorous.

=strictement=, _adv._, strictly, precisely, rigidly, severely, rigorously.

=stricture=, _n.f._, (med.) (l.u.) stricture.

=strident=, =-e=, _adj._, strident, harsh, jarring, screeching, shrill. _Voix —e_; shrill voice.

=strideur=, _n.f._, harshness, creaking (of sound).

=strié=, =-e=, _adj._, (min., arch., natural hist.) striate, striated, channeled, streaked.

=strie=, _n.f._, (natural hist.) striæ; (arch.) fillet, fluting, streak.

=strier=, _v.n._, to streak.

=strige=, _n.f._, _or_ =stryge=, _n.m._, vampire, ghost.

=strigile=, _n.m._, (antiq.) strigil.

=strigueu-x=, =-se= (-gheû, -z), _adj._, (bot.) strigous, strigose.

=striures=, _n.f.pl._ _V._ =strie=.

=strobile=, _n.m._, (bot.). _V._ =cône= (bot.).

=strophe=, _n.f._, strophe.

=structure=, _n.f._, structure, construction, form, make; (fig.) arrangement, disposition.

=strumeu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, strumous, scrofulous.

=strychnine= (strik-), _n.f._, (med.) strychnine, strychnia.

=strychnos= (stri-knôs), _n.m._, (bot.) strychnos.

=stryge=, _n.m._ _V._ =strige=.

=stuc=, _n.m._, stucco, stucco-work. _Enduire de —_; to stucco.

=stucateur=, _n.m._, stucco plasterer.

=studieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, studiously.

=studieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, studious.

=stupéfacti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (med.) stupefactive.

=stupéfaction=, _n.f._, (med.) stupefaction; stupefaction, great astonishment.

=stupéfait=, =-e=, _adj._, stupefied, astonished; astounded, dumfounded, thunderstruck.

=stupéfiant=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) stupefactive, stupefying, dumfounding, stunning.

=stupéfiant=, _n.m._, (med.) narcotic.

=stupéfier=, _v.a._, (med.) to stupefy; to stupefy, to astonish, to astound, to amaze, to dumfound.

=stupeur=, _n.f._, (med.) stupor; stupor, astonishment, amazement.

=stupide=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, stupid person _or_ fellow, blockhead; stupid, senseless, dull.

=stupidement= (-pid-mān), _adv._, stupidly, senselessly.

=stupidité=, _n.f._, stupidity, stupidness, dullness; stupid thing, piece of stupidity.

=stupre=, _n.m._, stupration.

=stygmate=, _n.m._ _V._ =stigmate=.

=style=, _n.m._, style, tone, manner, strain; (fine arts) style; (chronology) style; (bot.) style. _— décousu_; unconnected style. _— badin_; jocular style. _— fleuri_; florid style. _— coulant_; fluent style. _— soutenu_; elevated, lofty, style. _— de pratique_; law terms. _— de cadran_; style, _or_ gnomon (of a dial). _Vieux —_; old style; old-fashioned. _Voilà bien son —_; that is just his way, that’s just like him.

=stylé=, =-e=, _adj._, trained, taught; clever; stylish, dashing.

=styler=, _v.a._, to train, to bring up, to use, to accustom, to form.

=stylet=, _n.m._, stiletto; (surg.) probe, stylet.

=styliforme=, _adj._, (bot.) styliform.

=stylite=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (rel. hist.) stylite.

=stylobate=, _n.m._, (arch.) stylobate.

=styloïde=, _adj._, (anat.) styloid.

=styptique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (med.) styptic.

=styrax=, _n.m._, (bot., pharm.) storax.

=su=, _n.m._, knowledge. _Au — de_; to the knowledge of. _Au vu et au — de tout le monde_; as everybody knows.

=su=, _part._ (of _savoir_), known.

=suage=, _n.m._, dampness, oozing; (nav.) paving-stuff.

=suaire=, _n.m._, winding-sheet, shroud.

=suant=, =-e=, _adj._, sweating, in a sweat; perspiring, dripping with sweat.

=suave=, _adj._, sweet; agreeable, pleasant; fragrant, odoriferous; soft.

=suavement= (-av-mān), _adv._, sweetly, agreeably, pleasantly.

=suavité=, _n.f._, suavity; sweetness, fragrance, pleasantness, agreeableness.

=subalterne=, _n.m._ and _adj._, subaltern, subordinate, inferior.

=subalternité=, _n.f._, subordination; inferior position.

=subdélégation=, _n.f._, subdelegation.

=subdélégué= (-ghé), _n.m._, subdelegate.

=subdéléguer= (-ghé), _v.a._, to subdelegate.

=subdiviser=, _v.a._, to subdivide.

_se_ =subdiviser=, _v.r._, to subdivide, to be subdivided.

=subdivision=, _n.f._, subdivision.

=subéreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (bot.) suberous, corky.

=subérique=, _adj._, suberic.

=subfossile=, _adj._, subfossil.

=subintrant=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) subintrans, quotidian (beginning before the other is over) (of attacks of fever).

=subir=, _v.a._, to undergo, to suffer, to submit, to sustain, to support, to go through, to pass; to put up with. _— son sort_; to submit to one’s fate. _— la question_; to undergo torture. _— un examen_; to pass an examination, to undergo an examination. _— un interrogatoire_; to be cross-examined. _Se —_; to put up with one another; to be suffered.

=subit=, =-e=, _adj._, sudden, unexpected.

=subitement= (-bit-mān), _adv._, suddenly, on a sudden, all of a sudden, unexpectedly.

=subito=, _adv._, suddenly, on a sudden, all of a sudden.

=subjecti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, subjective.

=subjectivement= (-tiv-mān), _adv._, subjectively.

=subjectivité=, _n.f._, (philos.) subjectivity.

=subjonctif=, _n.m._, (gram.) subjunctive.

=subjugation=, _n.f._, subjugation.

=subjuguer= (-ghé), _v.a._, to subjugate, to subdue, to subject, to bring under the dominion of, to bring under subjection, to master, to get the better of, to overcome; to captivate.

=subjugueur=, _n.m._, subduer, subjugator.

=sublimable=, _adj._, (chem.) sublimable.

=sublimation=, _n.f._, (chem.) sublimation, subliming.

=sublimatoire=, _n.m._, (chem.) subliming pot.

=sublime=, _n.m._ and _adj._, sublime, sublimity.

=sublimé=, _n.m._, (chem.) sublimate.

=sublimement=, _adv._, sublimely.

=sublimer=, _v.a._, (chem.) to sublimate.

=sublimité=, _n.f._, sublimity.

=sublingual=, =-e= (-gooal), _adj._, (anat.) sublingual.

=sublunaire=, _adj._, sublunar, sublunary.

=submerger=, _v.a._, to submerge, to swamp, to sink, to drown; to overwhelm.

=submersible=, _adj._, submergible; (bot.) submerse.

=submersion=, _n.f._, submersion.

=subodorer=, _v.a._, to scent at a distance.

=subordination=, _n.f._, subordination.

=subordonné=, =-e=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, subordinate, inferior, dependent.

=subordonnément=, _adv._, subordinately.

=subordonner=, _v.a._, to subordinate.

☉=subornateur=, _n.m._ _V._ =suborneur=.

=subornation=, _n.f._, subornation, bribery, bribing; (jur.) embracery (of juries).

=suborner=, _v.a._, to suborn, to bribe, to tamper with; (jur.) to embrace, to attempt to corrupt (a jury).

=suborneu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, suborner, briber; (jur.) embracer (of juries).

=suborneu-r=, =-se=, _adj._, suborning, bribing.

=subrécargue= (-kar-g), _n.m._, (com., nav.) supercargo.

=subrécot=, _n.m._, after-reckoning, fresh demand.

=subreptice=, _adj._, surreptitious.

=subrepticement= (-tis-mān), _adv._, surreptitiously.

=subreption=, _n.f._, subreption.

=subrogation=, _n.f._, (jur.) subrogation.

=subrogatoire=, _adj._, subrogatory.

=subrogé=, =-e=, _adj._, surrogated. _— tuteur_; deputy-guardian (to watch over trustees). _Evêque —_; suffragan bishop, surrogate.

=subroger=, _v.a._, (jur.) to surrogate. _Se —_; to be surrogated.

=subséquemment= (-ka-mān), _adv._, subsequently.

=subséquent=, =-e=, _adj._, subsequent.

=subside=, _n.m._, subsidy, aid. _pl._, supplies, supply (of the state).

=subsidiaire=, _adj._, subsidiary, auxiliary, collateral, additional.

=subsidiairement= (-dièr-mān), _adv._, further, also, likewise; in a subsidiary manner, collaterally, additionally.

=subsistance=, _n.f._, subsistence, sustenance, maintenance, support, allowance. _Tirer sa — de_; to get one’s living by.

=subsistant=, =-e=, _adj._, subsisting, subsistent, existing, extant, being, living.

=subsister=, _v.n._, to subsist, to stand, to continue, to be extant, to have existence; to be in force; to hold good; to exist, to live. _J’ai de la peine à —_; I can hardly get a livelihood.

=substance=, _n.f._, substance. _En —_; summarily, in substance.

=substantiel=, =-le=, _adj._, substantial.

=substantiellement= (-sièl-mān), _adv._, (theol.) substantially.

=substantif=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (gram.) substantive.

=substantive=, _adj.f._, (dy.) substantive, substantial. _Couleur —_; substantive color.

=substantivement= (-tiv-mān), _adv._, substantively.

=substituer=, _v.a._, to substitute, to change, to replace; (jur.) to entail; (jur.) to appoint. _Propriété substituée_; entailed estate.

_se_ =substituer=, _v.r._, to substitute one’s self; to supersede, to replace.

=substitut=, _n.m._, substitute, deputy, delegate, surrogate.

=substitution=, _n.f._, substitution; (jur.) entail; (jur.) estate in tail.

=substratum= (-tom), _n.m._, (n.p.) (philos.) substratum.

=substruction=, _n.f._, (arch.) substructure.

=substructure=, _n.f._, substructure.

=subterfuge=, _n.m._, subterfuge, evasion, shift.

=subtil=, =-e=, _adj._, subtile, thin, fine; acute, keen, sharp, quick, sagacious; ready, dexterous; cunning, smart, shrewd, artful, crafty.

=subtilement= (-til-mān), _adv._, subtly, artfully, slyly; finely, cunningly, dexterously; acutely, sharply, smartly.

=subtilisation=, _n.f._, (chem.) subtilization.

=subtiliser=, _v.a._, to subtilize, to refine; (fam.) to cheat, to take in, to deceive.

=subtiliser=, _v.n._, to subtilize.

=subtiliseu-r=, =-se=, _n.m.f._, subtilizer; abstracter.

=subtilité=, _n.f._, subtlety; fineness, penetration, refinement, acuteness; subtleness, expertness, adroitness, shrewdness, nicety of discrimination; cunning, artfulness, craftiness. _La — des sens_; the acuteness of the senses. _— d’esprit_; refinement of mind.

=subulé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) subulate, awl-shaped.

=suburbain=, =-e= (-bīn, bè-n), _adj._, suburban.

=suburbicaire=, _adj._, (Roman antiq.) suburbicarian; (c.rel.) within the diocese of Rome.

=subvenir=, _v.n._, to relieve, to help, to assist; to supply, to provide, to afford. _— aux besoins de quelqu’un_; to provide for any one’s wants. _Si je puis y —_; if I can afford it, _or_ find the ways and means.

=subvention=, _n.f._, supply, subsidy, grant; aid, help, subvention.

=subventionnel=, =-le=, _adj._, subventional.

=subventionner=, _v.a._, to grant a relief (in public money), to subsidize, to subvention; to endow, to assist, to aid.

=subversi-f=, =-ve= (-vèr-), _adj._, subversive.

=subversion= (-vèr-), _n.f._, subversion, ruin, overthrow, destruction.

=subvertir= (-vèr-), _v.a._, to subvert, to destroy, to overthrow, to ruin.

=suc=, _n.m._, juice, essence, quintessence. _— gastrique_; gastric juice.

=succédané=, _n.m._, (med.) succedaneum, substitute.

=succédané=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) succedaneous.

=succéder=, _v.n._, to succeed, to follow; to inherit. _La nuit succède au jour_; night follows day. _— à quelqu’un_; to succeed any one. _— à un royaume_; to succeed to a kingdom. _Tout lui succède_; he, she, is successful in everything.

_se_ =succéder=, _v.r._, to succeed one another, to follow one another.

=succès=, _n.m._, success. _— de circonstance_; accidental success. _— d’estime_; indifferent success.

=successeur= (suk-sè-), _n.m._, successor.

=successibilité= (suk-sè-), _n.f._, (jur.) right of succession.

=successible= (suk-sè-), _adj._, (jur.) heritable, capable of inheriting.

=successi-f=, =-ve= (suk-sè-), _adj._, successive, (jur.) in succession.

=succession= (suk-sè-), _n.f._, succession, inheritance, heritage, heirs, estate; series. _Renoncer à une —_; to give up one’s right to a succession. _Par — de temps_; in process of time. _Droit d’administrer la —_; (jur.) letters of administration. _Recueillir une —_; to acquire an inheritance, to have an estate left one, to come into property. _Acte de —_; act of settlement. _Droit de —_; right of succession; legacy-duty, probate-duty.

=successivement= (suk-sè-siv-mān), _adv._, successively, in succession.

=succin= (suk-sīn), _n.m._, yellow amber.

=succinct=, =-e= (suk-sīn, -t), _adj._, succinct, concise, brief, short.

=succinctement= (suk-sīnt-mān), _adv._, succinctly, briefly, concisely.

=succion= (suk-si-), _n.f._, suction, sucking.

=succomber=, _v.n._, to sink under _or_ beneath, to fall; to yield, to succumb, to be overcome, to fail, to be worsted, to get the worst of it; to die, to perish. _— à la douleur_; to be overcome with grief. _— à la tentation_; to yield to temptation. _— sous le faix_; to sink under the burden.

=succube=, _n.m._, succubus.

=succulemment=, _adv._, succulently.

=succulence=, _n.f._, succulence, succulency.

=succulent=, =-e=, _adj._, succulent, juicy; nutritious, rich.

=succursale=, _n._ and _adj._ _f._, (eccl.) chapel of ease, branch establishment, auxiliary branch; branch-bank.

=succursaliste=, _n.m._, curate of a chapel of ease.

=sucement= (sus-mān), _n.m._, sucking, suck.

=sucer=, _v.a._, to suck, to suck in, to imbibe; to suck out; to suck up; to draw, to drain. Se —; to be sucked.

=sucet=, _n.m._, (ich.) sucking-fish, sucker, remora; (orni.) common wren.

=suceur=, _n.m._ and _adj._, sucker; sucking; (zoöl.) suctorian.

=suçoir=, _n.m._, sucker; (ent.) proboscis.

=suçon=, _n.m._, spot made by sucking; sucking-mark; stick of barley-sugar.

=suçoter=, _v.a._, to keep sucking, to suck gradually, to suck at. _— un sucre d’orge_; to suck a stick of barley-sugar.

=sucre=, _n.m._, sugar. _— brut_; raw sugar, moist sugar, brown sugar. _— pilé_ or _en poudre_; powdered sugar, ground sugar; sifted, _or_ castor, sugar. _— raffiné_; refined sugar, lump sugar, loaf sugar. _— d’orge_; barley-sugar. _Pain de —_; sugar-loaf. _— en pain_; loaf sugar. _Être tout — et tout miel_; to be all honey.

=sucré=, =-e=, _part._, sugared, sweet, sugary, luscious; (fig.) demure, prim, honeyed, bland. _Air —_; prim air. _Eau —e_; sugar and water.

=sucrer=, _v.a._, to sugar, to sweeten, to put sugar in. _Se —_; to put sugar in (one’s tea or coffee). _Sucrez-vous_; take some sugar.

=sucrerie=, _n.f._, sugar-house, sugar-works, sugar-refinery; sweetmeat; confectionery; sweets.

=sucrier=, _n.m._, sugar-bowl, sugar-basin; sugar-maker.

=sucr-ier=, =-ière=, _adj._, sugar, of sugar. _Industrie —ère_; sugar-trade.

=sucrin=, _adj._, sugary (melons).

=sud= (sud), _n.m._, South; south wind. _Du —_; southern. _Vers le —_; southward. —-est; south-east. _Au —_; southward. _Courir au —_; to steer a southerly course.

=sud=, _adj._, south, southerly (of the wind).

=sudation=, _n.f._, (med.) sudation, sweating.

=sudatoire=, _adj._, sudatory.

=sudiste=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, Southerner (American politics).

=sudorifère=, _adj._, (med.) sudoriferous.

=sudorifique=, _n.m._, and _adj._, (med.) sudorific.

=sudoripare=, _adj._, sudoriparous.

=sud-ouest= (sud-ooèst), _n.m._, south-west.

=suédois=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, Swede; Swedish. _A la —e_; Swedish fashion.

=suée=, _n.f._, sweating; (fam., pop.) sudden fright, sudden fear.

=suer=, _v.n._, to sweat, to be in a sweat, to perspire; to toil, to drudge, to ooze, to ooze out; to sputter; to become damp (of walls). _— à grosses gouttes_; to perspire profusely. _Faire — le tabac_; to heat tobacco. _Faire —_; (fig.) to try any one’s patience; to sicken any one.

=suer=, _v.a._, to sweat. _— sang et eau_; to toil and moil, to strain every nerve.

=suerie= (sû-rî), _n.f._, drying-place (for tobacco).

=suette=, _n.f._, sweating sickness. _— miliaire_; miliary fever.

=sueur=, _n.f._, sweat, perspiration; sweating. _pl._, labor, toil, pains. _— rentrée_; (med.) suppressed perspiration. _À la — de_; by the sweat of.

=suffire= (suffisant, suffi), _v.n._, to suffice, to be sufficient, to be enough; to be adequate, to be equal to. _Le peu que j’ai me suffit_; the little I have is sufficient for, _or_ suffices, me. _Qu’il vous suffise que_; let it suffice you that. _Il suffit que vous le disiez pour que je le croie_; your saying so is sufficient for me to believe it. _On ne peut pas — à tout_; it is impossible to provide for everything, to attend to everything, to guard against everything. _Suffit_, _cela suffit!_; enough, that’s enough, no more! _À chaque jour suffit sa peine_; sufficient for the day is the evil thereof.

_se_ =suffire=, _v.r._, to support one’s self, to keep one’s self, to provide for one’s self; to find resources in one’s self.

=suffisamment= (-za-mān), _adv._, sufficiently, enough.

=suffisance=, _n.f._, sufficiency, competency, adequacy; ☉ability; conceit, pride, presumption; self-sufficiency, bumptiousness. _Avoir — de vivres_; to have provisions enough. _À —_, _en —_; sufficiently, enough. _Un air de —_; a self-conceited air.

=suffisant=, =-e=, _adj._, sufficient, enough; consequential, conceited, self-sufficient, stuck up.

=suffisant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, self-conceited person, bumptious, stuck-up person.

=suffixe=, _n.m._, (gram.) suffix.

=suffocant=, =-e=, _adj._, suffocating, choking, stifling.

=suffocation=, _n.f._, suffocation, choking, stifling.

=suffoquer=, _v.a._, to suffocate, to stifle, to choke.

=suffoquer=, _v.n._, to suffocate, to stifle, to choke. _— de rage_, _de colère_; to be choking with rage, with anger.

=suffragant=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, suffragan.

=suffrage=, _n.m._, suffrage, vote; approbation, commendation, support. _— universel_; manhood suffrage.

=suffumigation=, _n.f._, (med.) suffumigation.

=suffusion=, _n.f._, (med.) suffusion.

=suggérer= (sug-jé-), _v.a._, to suggest, to hint, to intimate. _Se —_; to be suggested.

=suggestion= (sug-jès-ti-on), _n.f._, (b.s.) suggestion, hint, instigation, intimation; inspiration.

=suicide=, _n.m._, suicide, self-murder; self-destruction; (pers.) suicide, self-murderer; (jur.) (pers.) felo de se.

=suicidé=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, self-murderer, suicide.

_se_ =suicider=, _v.r._, to commit suicide, to make away with one’s self.

=suie=, _n.f._, soot.

=suif=, _n.m._, tallow; candle-grease; (nav.) coat, stuff. _Donner un — à quelqu’un_; (pop.) to blow up any one, to give a good blowing up to. _Donner un — à un vaisseau_; (nav.) to pay a ship. _Pain de —_; crackling.

=suifer=, _v.a._, to tallow; (nav.) to pay a ship.

=suifeu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, tallowy, greasy.

=sui generis=, _adj._, sui generis, of its own particular kind.

=suint=, _n.m._, grease; yolk (of wool).

=suintement= (suint-mān), _n.m._, oozing, ooze, sweating, leaking.

=suinter=, _v.n._, to ooze, to leak, to run.

=suisse=, _n.m._, Swiss; head porter (of a mansion); beadle (of a church); (mam.) ground squirrel.

=suissesse=, _n.f._, Swiss woman.

=suite=, _n.f._, rest; retinue, train, attendance, attendants; sequel; continuation; series, succession; connection, order; set; consequence, result, progress, course; consistency, coherence. _À la —_; after, behind; (mil.) on half-pay, honorary. _Dans la —_; eventually, afterwards. _— de médailles_; set of medals. _Cela peut avoir de fâcheuses —s_; that may be attended with disagreeable consequences. _Sans —_; unconnected; unattended. _N’avoir pas de —s_; to have no bad consequences; to have no coherence; to have no relatives; not to be followed up. _N’avoir pas d’esprit de —_; not to be consistent; to keep at nothing long. _Donner — à_; to follow up, to carry out, to proceed with. _Propos sans —_; desultory talk. _Faire — à_; to be a continuation of, to follow. _De —_; one after another, consecutively, following. _Tout de —_; immediately, at once. _Et ainsi de —_; and so forth, and so on. _La — au prochain numéro_; to be continued (of stories).

=suivant=, _prep._, according to, agreeably to; in the opinion of, in pursuance of, conformably to.

=suivant que=, _conj._, as, according as.

=suivant=, =-e=, _adj._, next, following, succeeding, subsequent, ensuing.

=suivant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, follower, attendant; near relation. _—e_; waiting-maid; lady’s maid; (thea.) chambermaid.

=suiver=, _v.a._, to tallow. _V._ =suifer=.

=suivi=, =-e=, _part._, followed; connected; consistent, coherent, regular; constant, sought after, popular. _Discours bien —_; coherent discourse.

=suivre= (suivant, suivi), _v.a._, to follow, to go after, to come after, to go next, to be next, to come next; to pursue; to attend, to go with, to accompany; to attend; to follow; to observe; (nav.) to hug (the coast); to give way to, to indulge. _— de près_, _— de loin_; to follow close, to follow at a distance. _— son chemin_; to go one’s way. _— le barreau_; to follow the profession of the law. _— la mode_; to follow the fashion. _— sa pointe_; to pursue one’s end. _Faire —_; to have (a person) followed; to send on, to be forwarded (of letters, etc.); (com.) to charge forward.

_se_ =suivre=, _v.r._, to follow each other, to succeed each other; to be connected, to be continuous.

=suivre=, _v.n._, to follow, to go after, to come after; to pay attention; to attend, to result, to ensue. _Faites —_; (print.) run on. _À —_; (of articles or stories) to be continued.

=sujet=, =-te=, _n._ and _adj._, subject (to); subjected, amenable (to), liable (to), exposed (to); apt (to), addicted (to), inclined (to). _— aux lois_; amenable to the laws. _— à caution_; not to be trusted, not trustworthy, suspicious, not to be relied upon. _Être — à l’heure_; to be tied to time.

=sujet=, =-te=, _n.m.f._, subject; person, individual; cause, reason; matter, motive, occasion, ground, account; theme, argument, topic; (hort.) stock. _J’ai — de me plaindre_; I have reason to complain. _S’éloigner de son —_; to wander from one’s subject. _Mauvais —_; worthless fellow, scamp, bad lot. _Petit mauvais —_; little rascal (of children).

=sujétion=, _n.f._, subjection, dependence, constraint.

=sulfate=, _n.m._, (chem.) sulphate.

=sulfaté=, =-e=, _adj._, (chem.) sulphatic, sulphated.

=sulfhydrate=, _n.m._, (chem.) hydrosulphate.

=sulfhydrique=, _adj._, (chem.) hydrosulphuric.

=sulfite=, _n.m._, (chem.) sulphite.

=sulfuration=, _n.f._, (chem.) sulphuration.

=sulfure=, _n.m._, (chem.) sulphuret.

=sulfuré=, =-e=, _adj._, (chem.) sulphureted.

=sulfureu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, sulphurous, sulphureous, sulphury.

=sulfurique=, _adj._, (chem.) sulphuric.

=sultan=, _n.m._, sultan; scent-satchel, scent-basket.

=sultanat=, _n.m._, sultanate.

=sultane=, _n.f._, sultana, sultaness; Turkish man-of-war.

=sultanin=, _n.m._, sultanin (Turkish coin).

=sumac=, _n.m._, sumac-tree; sumac.

=sund= (=le=), _n.m._, The Sound (between Denmark and Sweden).

=sunnite=, _n.m._ _V._ =schiite=.

=super= (su-pé), _v.n._, (nav.) to be stopped up.

=superbe= (-pèrb), _n.m._ and _adj._, (Bibl.) proud, haughty man; proud, arrogant; superb, splendid; gorgeous, stately; lofty; supercilious, vainglorious. _Dieu résiste au —_; God resisteth the proud. _Un — tableau_; a splendid painting. _Un dîner —_; a splendid dinner. _Meubles —s_; gorgeous furniture.

=superbe= (-pèrb), _n.f._, arrogance, haughtiness, vainglory.

=superbement= (-pèr-), _adv._, proudly, arrogantly; sumptuously, splendidly; loftily.

=supercherie= (-pèr-), _n.f._, deceit, fraud, trickery.

=superfétation= (-pèr-), _n.f._, superfetation; superfluity.

=superficie= (-pèr-), _n.f._, superficies, surface; area.

=superficiel=, =-le= (-pèr-), _adj._, superficial, shallow.

=superficiellement= (su-pèr-fi-si-èl-mān), _adv._, superficially.

=superfin=, =-e= (-pèr-), _adj._, superfine.

=superfin= (-pèr-), _n.m._, superfine quality, superfluity, excess.

=superflu=, =-e= (-pèr-), _adj._, superfluous, exuberant, needless, unnecessary.

=superflu= (-pèr-), _n.m._, superfluity, excess.

=superfluité= (-pèr-), _n.f._, superfluity.

=supérieur=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, superior, upper, higher. _Les classes —es_; the higher classes. _Être — aux événements_; to rise superior to events.

=supérieurement= (-eur-mān), _adv._, in a superior manner, in a superior degree, superlatively well, uncommonly well, capitally.

=supériorité=, _n.f._, superiority.

=superlati-f=, =-ve= (-pèr-), _adj._, (gram.) superlative.

=superlatif= (-pèr-), _n.m._, superlative. _Au —_; superlatively; (gram.) in the superlative, superlatively. _Cet homme est bête au —_; that man is stupid to a degree.

=superlativement= (su-pèr-la-tiv-mān), _adv._, superlatively.

=superposer= (-pèr-), _v.a._, to superpose, to add. _Se —_; to add itself.

=superposition= (-pèr-), _n.f._, superposition.

=superpurgation= (-pèr-), _n.f._, superpurgation.

=superséder= (-pèr-), _v.n._, (jur.) to postpone, to put off.

=superstitieusement= (su-pèrs-ti-si-eûz-mān), _adv._, superstitiously.

=superstitieu-x=, =-se= (-pèrs-ti-si-), _adj._, superstitious; overnice.

=superstition= (-pèrs-ti-si-), _n.f._, superstition; overnicety.

=superstructure= (-pèr-), _n.f._, superstructure.

=supersubstantiel=, =-le= (-pèr-), _adj._, supersubstantial.

=supin=, _n.m._, (gram.) supine.

=supinateur=, _n.m._, (anat.) supinator.

=supination=, _n.f._, supination.

=supplantation=, _n.f._, supplantation.

=supplanter=, _v.a._, to supplant; to oust.

=suppléance=, _n.f._, substitution, assistantship.

=suppléant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, substitute, assistant, deputy. _Juge —_; assistant judge.

=suppléer=, _v.a._, to supply, to fill up, to make up (what is deficient); to take the place of.

=suppléer=, _v.n._, to make up the deficiency; to supply the place. _La valeur supplée au nombre_; valor makes up for deficiency of numbers.

=supplément=, _n.m._, supplement, addition; additional price, extra.

=supplémentaire=, _adj._, supplementary, supplemental, additional, extra.

=suppléti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, suppletory, completing.

=suppliant=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, suppliant, supplicant; beseecher, implorer; supplicating, beseeching, entreating.

=supplication=, _n.f._, supplication, entreaty, humble petition.

=supplice=, _n.m._, corporal punishment; torment, pain, anguish. _Être au —_; to be upon the rack, to be on thorns; to be in great pain. _Dernier —_; capital punishment.

=supplicié=, _n.m._, criminal executed.

=supplicier=, _v.a._, to put to death, to execute.

=supplier=, _v.a._, to beseech, to entreat, to supplicate.

=supplique=, _n.f._, petition, request, supplication, prayer, entreaty.

=support=, _n.m._, support, prop; assistance; rest, stand, bracket; fulcrum; (carp.) strut; (her.) supporter; (arch.) pillar.

=supportable=, _adj._, supportable, bearable, tolerable.

=supportablement=, _adv._, tolerably, bearably.

=supporter=, _v.a._, to support, to sustain, to uphold; to endure; to suffer, to tolerate, to bear with, to put up with, to stand.

_se_ =supporter=, _v.r._, to be supported; to be borne; to be suffered; to bear with one another.

=supposable=, _adj._, supposable.

=supposé=, =-e=, _part._, supposed; supposititious, pretended, counterfeit, putative; reputed. _— qu’il y consente_; suppose, _or_ supposing, he consents to it.

=supposer=, _v.a._, to suppose, to grant, to infer, to imply, to forge, to feign; to conjecture. _— un testament_; to forge a will. _— un enfant_; to substitute a child, to palm off a child (upon).

=suppositi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, suppositive.

=supposition=, _n.f._, supposition, forgery; substitution. _— d’enfant_; palming off of a child.

=suppositoire=, _n.m._, (med.) suppository.

=suppôt=, _n.m._, agent, instrument, tool; (b.s.) abettor; imp (of the devil).

=suppressi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, suppressive.

=suppression=, _n.f._, suppression, concealment.

=supprimer=, _v.a._, to suppress, to pass over in silence; to put down, to abolish, to take off, to omit, to cut off _or_ down, to cancel. _— des impôts_; to take off taxes. _— une loi_; to abolish a law. _Se —_; to be suppressed.

=suppurati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (med.) suppurative.

=suppuratif=, _n.m._, (med.) suppurative.

=suppuration=, _n.f._, suppuration.

=suppurer=, _v.n._, to suppurate.

=supputation=, _n.f._, computation, calculation, supputation, reckoning.

=supputer=, _v.a._, to calculate, to compute, to reckon, to suppute.

=suprématie= (-ci), _n.f._, supremacy.

=suprême=, _adj._, supreme, highest, last. _A l’heure —_; at the last hour (death).

=suprêmement=, _adv._, supremely.