Chapter M (18)

=rimer=, _v.n._ and _a._, to rhyme. _Cela ne rime à rien_; there’s no sense in it; it is all nonsense; that means nothing at all. _De la prose rimée_; mere doggerel.

=rimeur=, _n.m._, rhymer; poetaster.

=rinçage=, _n.m._, rinsing.

=rinceau=, _n.m._, (arch.) foliage; (her.) bough.

=rincer=, _v.a._, to rinse, to wash, to cleanse. _Il a été bien rincé_; (pop.) he has been well drenched; he has been well thrashed; well paid out.

_se_ =rincer=, _v.r._, to rinse. _Se — la bouche_; to rinse one’s mouth.

=rinceu-r=, =-se=, _n.m.f._, rinser, washer.

=rinçoir=, _n.m._, rinsing tub.

=rinçure=, _n.f._, rinsings; slops; (of wine) poor watery stuff.

=ringard=, _n.m._, (tech.) fire-iron, poker, iron-rake.

=ringrave=, _n.m.f._ _V._ =rhingrave=.

☉=riolé=, =-e=, _adj._, streaked.

=rioter=, _v.n._, to giggle, to titter.

=rioteu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, giggler, titterer.

=riotte=, _n.f._, tiff.

=ripage=, _n.m._, (tech.) scraping.

*=ripaille=, _n.f._, feasting, junketing. _Faire —_; to feast, to junket.

=ripe=, _n.f._, (sculpt.) scraper.

=riper=, _v.a._, (sculpt.) to scrape.

=ripopée=, _n.f._, slops, medley; slipslop, mish-mash; bad wine.

=riposte=, _n.f._, smart reply, repartee; (fenc.) parry and thrust, return.

=riposter=, _v.n._, to repartee, to make a smart reply; to make a return; to reply, to answer, to return it; (fenc.) to parry and thrust. _Il riposta d’un soufflet_; he replied with a slap in the face.

=ripuaire=, _adj._, riparian, riverine.

=rire= (riant, ri), _v.n._, to laugh; to be merry; to look pleasant, to smile; to be in jest, to joke, to make game of; to trifle; to be favorable, to be propitious; to scoff at. _Eclater de —_; to break out into laughter, to burst out laughing. _Etouffer de —_; to be suffocating with laughter. _Se tenir les côtes de —_; to split one’s sides with laughing. _Se pâmer de —_; to die with laughing. _Avoir le mot pour —_; to be facetious, to be ever ready with a joke. _— à gorge déployée_; to roar with laughter. _— du bout des dents_, _— jaune_; to laugh on the wrong side of one’s mouth, to force a laugh. _— dans sa barbe_, _— sous cape_; to laugh in one’s sleeve. _— de_; to laugh at, not to mind, not to care for. _— de quelqu’un_; to laugh at any one. _— au nez de quelqu’un_; to laugh in any one’s face. _Apprêter à —_; to make one’s self a laughing-stock. _Rira bien qui rira le dernier_ or _marchand qui perd ne peut —_; let them laugh that win. _Cela fait —_; that makes one laugh. _Il n’y a pas là de quoi —_; there’s nothing to laugh at in that. _Il n’y a pas de quoi —_; it is no laughing matter. _Et la foule de —_; up went a great shout of laughter from the crowd! _— aux anges_; to laugh beyond measure; to laugh alone, _or_ to one’s self. _— aux dépens d’autrui_; to laugh at another’s expense. _Nous rirons bien_; we shall have great fun. _La fortune lui rit_; fortune smiles upon him. _Est-ce que vous riez?_ are you jesting? _Vous voulez —_; you are jesting. _Je le disais pour —_; I said it in jest. _— de bon cœur_; to laugh heartily. _Pour —_; in play, for fun. _En riant_, or _pour —_; jokingly, in jest, for fun. _Histoire de —_; for fun, for a lark. _Un roi pour —_; a sham king. _Un conte pour —_; a laughable story. _Pincer sans —_; to jest bitingly. _Tel qui rit vendredi, dimanche pleurera_; laughter is akin to tears, _or_ laugh to-day and cry to-morrow.

_se_ =rire=, _v.r._, to laugh; to make sport, to jest, to trifle, to scoff. _On se rit de lui_; he is laughed at.

=rire=, _n.m._, laugh; laughter, laughing; giggle; grin. _De grands éclats de —_; great shouts of laughter. _Un — moqueur_; a sneer. _Un — niais_; a silly laugh. _Un gros —_; loud laughter; a horse-laugh. _— étouffé_; suppressed laugh; giggle. _Accès de —_; fit of laughter. _Partir d’un éclat de —_; to burst out laughing.

=ris=, _n.m._, (poet.) laugh, smile, laughter; (nav.) reef (of sails); (cook.) sweet-bread. _Un — forcé_; a forced laugh. _Un — moqueur_; a sneer. _Prendre un —_; (nav.) to take in a reef. _— de veau_; (cook.) sweet-bread.

=risban=, _n.m._, (fort.) risband.

=risdale=, _n.f._ _V._ =rixdale=.

=risée=, _n.f._, laugh, laughter, mockery, derision; butt, laughing-stock; (nav.) gust, squall, flaw. _Être_, or _faire_, _la — de tout le monde_; to be the laughing-stock of everyone. _Objet de —_; laughing-stock.

=riser=, _v.a._, (nav.) to strike a sail, to reef.

=risette=, _n.f._, pretty laugh, smile.

=risibilité=, _n.f._, risibility.

=risible=, _adj._, risible; comical, laughable.

=risiblement=, _adv._, laughably.

=risquable=, _adj._, adventurous, hazardous; that may be ventured.

=risque=, _n.m._, risk, hazard, peril. _J’en courrai le —_; I will run the risk of it. _À tout —_; at all hazards or costs. _À ses —s et périls_; at one’s own risk. _Au — de_; at the risk of.

=risqué=, =-e=, _adj._, risky, hazardous, hazarded; bold; improper, broad, free.

=risquer=, _v.a._, to risk, to hazard, to venture, to run the risk of, to have to fear. _Qui ne risque rien n’a rien_; nothing venture, nothing have. _— le paquet_; to risk all _or_ to brave the storm.

_se_ =risquer=, _v.r._, to risk, to venture, to take one’s chance of.

=risque-tout=, _n.m._, desperado, dare-devil.

=risse=, _n.f._, (nav.) lashing-rope.

=risser=, _v.a._, to lash, to frap.

=rissole=, _n.f._, (cook.) minced meat fritter, rissole.

=rissolé=, =-e=, _part._, (cook.) brown, browned; crackling. _Il a le visage —_; his face is sunburnt.

=rissoler=, _v.a._, (cook.) to roast brown.

_se_ =rissoler=, _v.r._, (cook.) to roast brown.

=ristorne= _or_ =ristourne=, _n.f._, (com.) canceling an insurance.

=ristorner= _or_ =ristourner=, _v.a._, (com.) to cancel an insurance; to carry to another account.

=rit= _or_ =rite=, _n.m._, rite.

=ritournelle=, _n.f._, (mus.) ritornello, flourish.

=ritualiste=, _n.m.f._, ritualist.

=rituel=, _n.m._, ritual, prayer-book.

=rivage=, _n.m._, shore, sea-shore, strand, beach; bank-side (of rivers); water-side. _Être jeté sur le —_; to be cast ashore. _Quitter le —_; to put off.

=rival=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, rival. _Ils sont rivaux de gloire_; they are rivals in glory.

=rivaliser=, _v.n._, to rival, to vie, to compete, to strive, to strive with, to emulate. _Ils ont rivalisé d’efforts_; they vied with each other in efforts.

=rivalité=, _n.f._, rivalry, rivalship, competition, emulation.

=rive=, _n.f._, shore, bank (of rivers); border, skirt (of woods). _On n’y voit ni fond ni —_; (prov.) it is beyond any man’s comprehension.

=rivement=, _n.m._, riveting.

=river=, _v.a._, to rivet, to clinch. _— son clou à quelqu’un_; to give any one a clincher, to silence any one.

=riverain= (rī-vrin), _n.m._, river-side resident; borderer; owner of riverside property.

=riverain=, =-e=, _adj._, riparian, bordering (on rivers or woods); riverine; possessing property situated along a forest, road, or street.

=rivet=, _n.m._, rivet.

=rivetage=, _n.m._, riveting.

=rivière=, _n.f._, river, stream. _Bras d’une —_; branch of a river. _Gens de —_; watermen. _La — est marchande_; the river is navigable. _Les petits ruisseaux font les grandes —s_; many a little makes a mickle. _Mettre des peaux en —_; to soak skins. _— de diamants_; diamond necklace, stream of diamonds.

=rivoir=, _n.m._, riveting-hammer.

=rivure=, _n.f._, hinge-pin.

=rixdale=, _n.f._, rix-dollar.

=rixe=, _n.f._, combat, conflict, fight, scuffle; brawl, dispute, affray; quarrel.

=riz= (ri), _n.m._, (bot.) rice. _— au lait_; rice-milk. _Gâteau de —_; rice-pudding, rice-cake.

=rize=, _n.m._, rize (Turkish coin).

=rizière=, _n.f._, rice-field, rice-plantation.

=rob=, _n.m._, (pharm.) rob.

=robe=, _n.f._, gown, robe, dress, frock; coat (of certain animals); husk, peel (of certain vegetables, fruit); cloth (clergymen); long robe (lawyers). _— de femme_; dress, gown. _— d’enfant_; frock. _— de chambre_; morning-gown, dressing-gown. _— décolletée_; low dress. _— montante_; dress high to the neck. _Gens de —_; gentlemen of the long robe; barristers. _En — de chambre_; (of potatoes) in their skins, in their jackets.

=rober=, _v.a._, to bark (madder). _— un chapeau_; to rub a hat; (of cigars) to wrap.

=robin=, _n.m._, (b.s.) limb of the law, lawyer.

=robin=, proper name used in the following familiar and proverbial expressions: _Toujours souvient à — de ses flûtes_; one always remembers one’s old ways. _C’est un plaisant —_; he is a contemptible fellow, _or_ an easy fool.

=robinet=, _n.m._, cock; tap, plug. _— à deux eaux_, _à deux faces_, _à deux fins_; double-valve cock. _Fermer le —_; to turn off the cock. _Ouvrir le —_; to turn on the cock.

=robinier=, _n.m._, (bot.) robinia, common acacia, locust-tree.

=roborati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (med.) (l.u.) roborant.

=robre=, _n.m._, rubber (whist).

=robuste=, _adj._, robust, hardy, strong, vigorous, sturdy.

=robustement=, _adv._, robustly, hardily, lustily, stoutly.

=robustesse=, _n.f._, robustness, strength, vigor.

=roc=, _n.m._, rock (isolated mass of stony matter); ☉rook, castle (at chess). _— vif_; solid rock.

*=rocaille=, _n.f._, rock-work, grotto work.

*=rocailleur=, _n.m._, grotto-maker, rock-work-maker.

*=rocailleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, pebbly, stony, flinty; rugged, rough. _Style —_; harsh style.

=rocambeau=, _n.m._, (nav.) iron ring (holding the sails round the mast).

=rocambole=, _n.f._, (hort.) rocambole, seasoning; a trite, sorry joke; ☉piquancy, point, zest; cream (of anything). _Et la —_; (pop.) and the rest of it.

=roccelle=, _n.f._, (bot.) archil, orchil.

=roche=, _n.f._, rock, boulder; quartz, stony mass (inland); rock (insensibility), flint, steel. _Cœur de —_; heart of flint. _Homme de la vieille —_; man of the old stamp or school. _Il y a quelque anguille sous —_; there is a snake in the grass; I can smell a rat. _— crayeuse_; chalk rock. _Eau de —_; spring water.

=rocher=, _n.m._, rock, boulder, crag (sea-girt usually); (conch.) murex; (artificial) rockery. _Plein de —s_; rocky. _Cœur de —_; heart of flint. _— escarpé_; steep rock.

=rocheraie= (ro-shré), _n.f._, (orni.) stock-dove.

=rochet=, _n.m._, rocket (surplice); (horl.) rack, ratch; (of machinery) clink; (locksmith’s work) ratchet.

=rocheu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (geol.) rocky, stony.

=rock= _or_ =rouc=, _n.m._, roc (fabulous bird).

=rococo=, _n.m._, and _adj._, antiquated style, rococo style, bad taste (in arts); antiquated, trumpery, old, old-fashioned.

=rocou=, =rocouer=, =rocouyer=. _V._ =roucou=, =roucouer=, =roucouyer=.

=rôder=, _v.n._, to roam, to rove, to ramble; to prowl.

=rôdeur=, _n.m._, roamer, rover, rambler; vagrant; prowler.

=rodomont=, _n.m._, rodomont, blusterer, ranter, braggadocio, bully.

=rodomontade=, _n.f._, rodomontade, boasting, bluster, bravado, swaggering.

=rogations=, _n.f.pl._, (c.rel.) rogation. _Jours des —_; rogation-days. _Semaine des —_; rogation week.

=rogatoire=, _adj._, (jur.) of inquiry. _Commission —_; judicial commission (to examine witnesses).

=rogatons=, _n.m.pl._, scraps, odds and ends, broken meat; waste paper.

=roger-bontemps=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (fam.) a jolly fellow, merry andrew.

*=rogne=, _n.f._, itch; mange; (vet.) scab.

*=rognement=, _n.m._, cutting, paring, clipping.

*=rogne-pieds=, _n.m.pl._, (vet.) farrier’s knife.

*=rogner=, _v.a._, to clip, to cut (at the extremities); to pare, to crop, to prune, to lop; to cut off, to cut short, to pare off. _— la vigne_; to prune the vine. _— un livre_; to cut a book. _— la monnaie_; to clip coin. _— les ongles à quelqu’un_; to clip any one’s wings.

*=rogneu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, clipper (of coin).

*=rogneu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, itchy, mangy, scabbed, scurvy.

*=rognoir=, _n.m._, (book-bind.) plow; cutting-press.

*=rognon=, _n.m._, kidney; (pop.) loins; hip; testicle (of some animals). _Blessure aux —s d’un cheval_; navel-gall. _Mine en —s_; (metal.) kidney-shaped ore.

*=rognonner=, _v.n._, to growl, to grumble.

*=rognure=, _n.f._, paring, clipping, cutting. _pl._, refuse, leavings.

=rogomme=, _n.m._, dram, spirits, grog. _Voix de —_; croaking voice, hoarse voice, drunkard’s voice.

=rogue= (rog), _adj._, (fam.) proud, haughty, disdainful.

=roi=, _n.m._, king. _De par le —_; in the king’s name. _Vive le —_; long live the king. _Le jour des —s_; Twelfth-day. _Gâteau des —s_; Twelfth-cake. _Fêter_, or _tirer_, _les —s_; to celebrate Twelfth-night. _Vivre en —_; to live like a king, like a prince. _C’est la cour du — Pétaud_; it is Bedlam broke loose. _— d’armes_; king at arms.

=roide=, _adj._ _V._ =raide=.

=roitelet= (roa-tlè), _n.m._, petty king, kinglet; (orni.) wren. _— huppé_; golden-crested wren. _— triple bandeau_; fire-crested wren.

=rôlage=, _n.m._, rolling (of tobaccos).

=rôle=, _n.m._, roll, scroll; list, rota, roster, catalogue; (thea.) part, character, impersonation; (jur.) cause-list. _À tour de —_; in turn, by turn, by rotation. _Jouer bien son —_; to play one’s part well. _— de combat_; (nav.) quarter-bill. _— de quart_; watch-bill. _— d’équipage_; (nav.) muster-roll. _Sortir de son —_; to be out of character, to exceed one’s attributes. _Saisir son —_; to catch the spirit of one’s part. _Manquer son —_; (fig.) to mistake one’s vocation. _Outrer son —_; to overdo one’s part.

=rôler=, _v.n._, (b.s.) to spin out legal documents (to increase the costs).

=rôlet=, _n.m._, (l.u.) character, little part. _Jouer bien son —_; to play one’s part well. _Être au bout de son —_; to be at one’s wits’ end, at the end of one’s tether.

=rollier=, _n.m._, (orni.) roller.

=romain=, =-e=, _adj._, Roman; Romish; (print.) Roman. _À la —e_; Roman-like. _L’Eglise catholique —e_; the church of Rome. _Calendrier —_; Romish calendar. _Laitue —e_; cos lettuce.

=romain=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, Roman.

=romain=, _n.m._, (print.) Roman, primer. _Gros —_; great primer. _Petit —_; long primer.

=romaine=, _n.f._, steelyard; (bot.) cos lettuce.

=romaïque=, _n.m._ and _adj._, Romaic, modern Greek language; Greek, Grecian.

=romaïque=, _n.f._, the Greek national dance.

=roman=, _n.m._, novel, romance, fiction, romancing tale; Romance (language). _Cela tient du —_; it is like a romance. _C’est une aventure de —_; it is a romantic adventure. _De —_; of novels, romantic, imaginary.

=roman=, =-e=, _or_ =romance=, _adj._, Romanic, Romance.

=romance=, _n.f._, (mus.) ballad, song.

=romancer= _or_ =romanciser=, _v.n._, to romance.

=romancero=, _n.m._, (_—s_) romancero, collection of short Spanish epic poems.

=romancier=, _n.m._, romance-writer; novelist, novel-writer.

=romane=, _adj._, (arch.) romanesque.

=romanesque=, _adj._, fanciful, romantic; romanesque.

=romanesquement=, _adv._, romantically, in a romantic manner.

=romaniser=, _v.a._ and _n._, to romanize.

=romanticisme=, _n.m._, romanticism.

=romantique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, romanticist, romanticism; romantic, romantical.

=romantiquement= (-tik-mān), _adv._, romantically.

=romantisme=, _n.m._, romanticism.

=romarin=, _n.m._, (bot.) rosemary.

=rompement= (ronp-mān), _n.m._, only used in: _— de tête_; mental fatigue, head-splitting.

=rompre=, _v.a._, to break, to break asunder, to snap; to break off, to dissolve; to train, to break in, to train up, to use; to divert, to turn off; (phys.) to refract; (med.) to rupture; (paint.) to blend. _— un criminel_; to break a criminal upon the wheel. _— la tête à quelqu’un_; to break any one’s head. _— les chemins_; to spoil the roads, to break up the roads. _— la glace_; to break the ice. _— le cou à quelqu’un_; to break any one’s neck, to ruin any one. _— les couleurs_; to blend the colors. _— la mesure_ or _la semelle_; (fenc.) to retire in parrying, to draw back. _— le grain germé_; to turn the barley. _— les bordages_; (nav.) to rip off planks. _— le sommeil de quelqu’un_; to interrupt the sleep of any one. _— un coup_; to deaden a blow. _— le silence_; to break silence. _— les chiens_; (hunt.) to call off the dogs. _— l’eau à un cheval_; to interrupt a horse in drinking. _— un traité_; to break off a treaty. _— son ménage_; to give up housekeeping. _— le carré_; (milit.) to break the square. _— une armée_; to disband an army. _— la paille_; to break off (an agreement, a bargain, etc.); to break off, to fall out with, to become the enemy of any one. _— son serment_; to break one’s oath. _— son jeûne_; to break one’s fast. _— sa prison_; to break out of prison. _— son ban_; to break one’s ban. _— la tête à quelqu’un_; to turn any one’s brain; to worry any one. _— un homme aux affaires_; to train a man up to business. _— un cheval_; to break in a horse. _À tout —_; furiously, frantically. _Cet acteur a été applaudi à tout —_; that actor received frantic applause.

_se_ =rompre=, _v.r._, to break, to break off, to snap, to break up, to break asunder; to discontinue; (phys.) to be refracted; (med.) to rupture. _Se — la tête_; to puzzle, _or_ rack, one’s brains.

=rompre=, _v.n._, to break, to break asunder, to break off, to snap, to break up; to discontinue, to have done. _— court_; to break off short. _— en visière avec quelqu’un_; to tell any one the truth to his face; to quarrel openly with any one, to break off with any one.

=rompu=, =-e=, _part._, broken, snapped; broken in; (nav.) hogged (of a ship). _Être — aux affaires_; to be used, _or_ accustomed, to business. _Tout — de fatigue_; quite worn out with fatigue. _Travailler à bâtons —s_; to work by fits and starts. _Nombre —_; (l.u.) fraction.

=ronce=, _n.f._, (bot.) bramble, brier; blackberry-bush; blackberry-tree; (fig.) thorn, obstacle.

=ronceraie=, _n.f._, brake, briery.

=rond=, =-e=, _adj._, round; rotund; frank, easy, plain-dealing; even (of money, accounts). _Un peu —_; roundish. _Du fil —_; coarse thread. _Pain —_; coarse bread. _Voix —e_; full voice. _Compte —_; even account. _C’est un homme tout —_; he is a plain-dealing man, _or_ honesty itself. _Être — en affaires_; to be straightforward in business matters. _Figure de —e bosse_; (sculpt.) figure in alto-relievo. _Période —e_; full and rounded period.

=rond=, _n.m._, round, orb, ring, circle, disk. _Danser en —_; to dance in a ring. _— d’eau_; circular basin of water. _— de serviette_; napkin ring.

=rondache=, _n.f._, round buckler, round shield.

=ronde=, _n.f._, round; patrol; table song, roundelay; (mus.) semibreve; round hand (writing). _Faire la —_; to go the rounds. _À la —_; round about. _Boire à la —_; to drink all round. _Passer à la —_; to hand round, to pass round. _Chemin des —s_; round-way.

=rondeau=, _n.m._, rondeau, roundelay (French poet.); (mus.) rondo.

=rondelet=, =-te= (rōn-dlè, -t), _adj._, roundish, plump, plumpish.

=rondelette=, _n.f._, ground-ivy.

=rondelettes=, _n.f.pl._, sail-cloth made in Brittany.

=rondelle=, _n.f._, round shield; rundle, ring; washer (of a wheel); sculptor’s rounded chisel.

=rondement= (rōn-dmān), _adv._, roundly; quickly; briskly, vigorously; plainly, frankly; with a high hand. _Mener une affaire —_; not to dilly-dally. _Y aller —_; to act frankly and quickly. _Il va — en besogne_; he goes briskly to work.

=rondeur=, _n.f._, roundness, smoothness, undulating expanse, rotundity; fullness, flow; openness, plain dealing; curve, compass (of a piece of timber used in shipbuilding).

=rondin=, _n.m._, billet, round log; cudgel.

=rondiner=, _v.a._, to cudgel. _— d’importance_; to beat soundly.

=rondon=, _n.m._, (hawking) swoop, impetuosity. _En —_; impetuously.

=rond-point=, _n.m._ (_—s-—s_) (arch.) apsis; circus (place where several roads, _or_ walks, meet).

=ronflant=, =-e=, _adj._, snoring; sonorous, high-sounding; loud.

=ronflement=, _n.m._, snoring, snore; roaring, peal, rumbling; humming; snorting (of horses). _— des vents_; roaring of the wind. _— d’une toupie_; humming of a top.

=ronfler=, _v.n._, to snore; (of horses) to snort; (of cannon, thunder) to roar; (of organs) to peal; (of spinning-tops) to hum.

=ronfleu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, snorer.

=ronge=, _n.m._, (hunt.) ruminating. _Le cerf fait le —_; the stag is ruminating.

=rongeant=, =-e=, _adj._, gnawing, devouring, corroding; (med.) corrosive.

*=ronge-maille=, _n.m._, (_—_) nibble (rat). _Maître —_; squire nibble.

=ronge-ver=, _n.m._, gnawing worm.

=ronger=, _v.a._, to gnaw, to nibble, to pick; to waste, to consume, to eat up, to corrode; to fret, to torment, to prey upon (the mind). _— un os_; to pick, _or_ gnaw, a bone. _— son frein_; to champ the bit; to fret inwardly, to chafe. _— ses ongles_; to bite one’s nails. _La rouille ronge le fer_; rust corrodes iron. _Donner un os à — à quelqu’un_; (fig.) to bestow upon, to grant any one, a favor; to cut out work for any one, to give any one trouble.

=rongeur=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, (mam.) rodent; gnawing, biting; corroding; consuming. _Ver —_; never-dying worm.

=ronron=, _n.m._, purr, purring. _Faire —_; to purr.

=roquefort=, _n.m._, Roquefort cheese.

☉=roquelaure=, _n.f._, roquelaure (sort of cloak).

=roquentin=, _n.m._, dotard, gray-beard, old buck.

=roquer=, _v.n._, to castle, to rook (at chess).

=roquet=, _n.m._, pug-dog; (fam.) dog, puppy, cur (person).

=roquette=, _n.f._, (bot.) rocket. _— sauvage_; wild rocket.

☉*=roquille=, _n.f._, gill, quartern.

=rorage=, _n.m._, dew-bleaching.

=rosace=, _n.f._, (arch.) rose; rose-work; (Gothic arch.) rose-window.

=rosacé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) rosaceous.

=rosacées=, _n.f.pl._, (bot.) rose-tribe, rosaceæ.

=rosage=, _n.m._, (bot.) oleander, rose-bay; rosing (dyeing).

=rosagine=, _n.f._, (bot.) rose-bay.

=rosaire=, _n.m._, rosary.

=rosat=, _adj._, (pharm.) of roses. _Miel —_; honey of roses.

=rosbif=, _n.m._, (_—s_) roast-beef.

=rose=, _n.f._, rose; (arch.) rose-window; rose-diamond. _Couleur de —_; rose-colored. _De —_; rosy. _— d’Inde_; African marigold. _Laurier-—_, (_—s-—s_) rose-laurel. _— gueldre_; Guelder-rose. _— des quatre saisons_; monthly rose. _— de diamants_; cluster of diamonds in the form of a rose. _Diamant en —_; rose-cut diamond. _— des vents_; (nav.) compass-card. _Découvrir le pot aux —s_; to find out the secret. _Il n’est point de — sans épines_; there is no rose without a thorn.

=rose=, _adj._, rosy, pink; rose-colored.

=rose=, _n.m._, rose-color.

=rosé=, =-e=, _adj._, roseate, rosy.

=roseau=, _n.m._, reed, reed-cane; reed-grass. _— de marais_; common marsh-reed. _— cultivé_; evergreen reed. _— odorant_; sweet-flag. _— des Indes_; bamboo. _Lieu planté de —x_; reed-bank. _Plein_, or _couvert_, _de —x_; reedy. _C’est un — peint en fer_; his looks belie his firmness.

=rose-croix=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) Rosicrucian.

=rosée=, _n.f._, dew; (vet.) oozing blood. _— du soleil_; (bot.) sun-dew. _— du matin_; morning-dew. _Goutte de —_; dew-drop.

=roselet= (rô-zlè), _n.m._, (mam.) stoat.

=roselière=, _n.f._, reed-bank, reed-field.

=roselle=, _n.f._, (orni.) redwing.

=roséole=, _n.f._, (med.) roseola, scarlet rash.

=roser=, _v.a._, to rose. _Se —_; to become rosy; to assume a roseate hue.

=roseraie= (rôz-rè), _n.f._, rosery, rose garden.

=rosette=, _n.f._, rosette; small rose; rose-diamond, rose; red ink; red chalk; (ich.) gray gurnard; (metal.) cake; (orni.) redwing, swine-pipe; (hat-making) tip; (paint.) rosette, roset. _Diamant à —_; rose-diamond.

=rosier=, _n.m._, rose-tree, rose-bush.

=rosière=, _n.f._, rose-queen; (ich.) minnow, pink.

=roson=, _n.m._ _V._ =rosace=.

=rosse=, _n.f._, jade, screw; (ich.) roach.

=rosser=, _v.a._, to belabor, to lick, to thrash, to maul, to drub, to give a drubbing to.

*=rossignol=, _n.m._, (orni.) nightingale; pipe, flute (made of bark); stop (of organ); picklock; skeleton key; (carp.) wedge; shopkeeper (old article). _— d’Arcadie_; jackass. _— de muraille_; (orni.) red-start.

*=rossignoler=, _v.n._, (fam.) to imitate the nightingale’s song.

=rossinante=, _n.f._, Rosinante (sorry horse).

=rossinante=, _n.m._, Rosinante (Don Quixote’s horse).

=rossolis=, _n.m._, rossolis (liquor); (bot.) sun-dew.

=roster=, _v.a._ _V._ =rouster=.

=rostral=, =-e=, _adj._, rostral.

=rostre=, _n.m._, (zoöl.) rostrum.

=rostré=, =-e=, _adj._, rostrate, rostrated.

=rosture=, _n.f._ _V._ =rousture=.

=rot=, _n.m._, (l.ex.) belch, eructation. _Faire un —_; to belch.

=rôt=, _n.m._, roast, roast meat; first course. _Gros —_; joint of meat. _Petit —_; roast of game.

=rotacé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) rotate, rotated.

=rotang=, _n.m._ _V._ =rotin=.

=rotateur=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, (anat.) rotator; rotatory.

=rotateurs=, _n.m.pl._, (zoöl.) rotatories.

=rotation=, _n.f._, rotation.

=rotatoire=, _adj._, rotatory.

=rotatoires=, _n.m.pl._ (ent.) rotifers, rotatories, wheel-animals, wheel-insects, wheel-animalcules.

=rote=, _n.f._, rota (court of Rome).

=roter=, _v.n._, (l.ex.) to belch.

=rôti=, _n.m._, roast, roast meat (prov.). _Il ne faut pas s’endormir sur le —_; we must have our wits about us, _or_ not neglect our work.

=rôtie= (-tî), _n.f._, toast. _Une —_; a round of toast. _— au beurre_; buttered toast. _— au vin_; toast in wine.

=rotifère=, _n.m._, (ent.) rotifer, wheel-animal.

=rotiforme=, _adj._, (zoöl.) wheel-shaped.

=rotin=, _n.m._, (bot.) rotang; rattan, rattan-cane.

=rôtir=, _v.a._, to roast; to broil; to toast (bread); to burn, to parch. _— au four_; to bake. _N’être bon ni à — ni à bouillir_; to be fit for nothing.

_se_ =rôtir=, _v.r._, to parch, to burn, to roast one’s self.

=rôtir=, _v.n._, to roast, to broil, to toast.

=rôtissage=, _n.m._, roasting.

=rôtisserie= (-ti-srî), _n.f._, cook-shop.

=rôtisseu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, cook-shop keeper. _— en blanc_; poulterer.

=rôtissoire=, _n.f._, roasting screen, roaster, Dutch oven.

=rotonde=, _n.f._, rotunda, back part of a diligence. _En —_; circular.

=rotondité=, _n.f._, rotundity, roundness; plumpness, fatness.

=rotule=, _n.f._, (anat.) patella, knee-cap.

=roture=, _n.f._, commonalty, plebeian state. _Il est né dans la —_; he is of ignoble birth.

=roturi-er=, =-ère=, _n._ and _adj._, commoner; plebeian, of mean birth; vulgar, mean. ☉_Air —_; vulgar air.

=roturièrement= (-rièr-mān), _adv._, in a plebeian manner; vulgarly.

=rouage=, _n.m._, wheelwork, wheels; machinery; (horl.) movement.

=rouan=, =-ne=, _adj._, (of horses) roan.

=rouan=, _n.m._, roan horse.

=rouanne=, _n.f._, brand-iron, marking-iron.

=rouanner=, _v.a._, to brand, to mark.

=rouannette=, _n.f._, (carp.). _V._ =rainette=.

=rouble=, _n.m._, rouble, ruble (Russian coin).

=rouc=, _n.m._ _V._ =rock=.

=rouche=, _n.f._, (nav.) a ship’s hull.

=roucou=, _n.m._, (bot.) and (dy.) arnotto.

=roucouer=, _v.a._, to paint with arnotto.

_se_ =roucouer=, _v.r._, to paint one’s self with arnotto.

=roucoulement= (-kool-mān), _n.m._, cooing.

=roucouler=, _v.n._ and _a._, to coo (pigeons); to warble (out) _or_ (forth).

=roucouyer=, _n.m._, (bot.) arnotto-tree.

=roudou=, _n.m._ _V._ =redoul=.

=roue=, _n.f._, wheel; paddle; (torture) wheel; (artil.) truck. _— d’affût de canon_; truck of a gun-carriage. _— d’une horloge_; clock-wheel. _— à aubes_ or _à pales_; paddle-wheel. _— hydraulique_; water-wheel. _Pousser à la —_; to put one’s shoulder to the wheel, to help on. _Mettre des bâtons dans les —s_; to thwart, to put spokes into the wheels (of). _Un paon fait la —_; a peacock spreads his tail. _Faire la —_; to strut, to stalk, to show off, to wheel about; to tumble over and over, to do the windmill. _— de compte_; (horl.) notch-wheel. _— dentée_; toothed-wheel, _— de rencontre_; (horl.) balance-wheel. _— de câble_; (nav.) coil. _— de gouvernail_; steering-wheel. _Mettre à la —_; to rack, to put to the rack.

=roué=, _n.m._, roué; rake, profligate; trickster.

=roué=, =-e=, _adj._, crafty, sharp, artful; very deep; knocked up, broken down. _— de coups_; soundly thrashed.

=rouelle=, _n.f._, round slice, collop; (vet.) rowel. _— de citron_; slice of lemon. _— de veau_; fillet of veal.

=rouennerie= (rooa-n-rî), _n.f._, printed cotton goods; Rouen goods.

=rouer=, _v.a._, to break upon the wheel; to crush; to jade. _— quelqu’un de coups_; to beat any one unmercifully. _Être roué de fatigue_; to be jaded with fatigue. _— un câble_; to coil a cable.

=rouerie= (roo-rî), _n.f._, piece of knavery, sharp practice, cheat; trickery.

=rouet=, _n.m._, small wheel; spinning-wheel; purr (of a cat); (nav.) sheave. _— de moulin_; cog-wheel of a mill. _— de tisserand_; weaver’s cloth-beam. _— d’arquebuse_; lock of an arquebuse. _Faire le —_; to purr.

=rouette=, _n.f._, (tech.) osier-twig.

=roue-vis=, _n.f._, (_—s-—_) screw-wheel.

=rouge=, _adj._, red; blood-red; blood-shot; red-hot. _Fer —_; red-hot iron; (of partridges) red-legged. _Boulets —s_; red-hot balls. _Cuivre —_; copper. _— trogne_; (fam.) red face.

=rouge=, _n.m._, red; red paint, rouge; redness, blush; (orni.) shoveler. _— vif_; deep red, bright red. _— brun_; brownish red. _— d’écarlate_; scarlet. _— sanguin_; blood red. _— de garance_; madder.

=rouge=, _adv._, only used in: _Se fâcher tout —_; to get downright angry.

=rougeâtre= (-jâtr), _adj._, reddish.

=rougeaud=, =-e= (-jô, -d), _n._ and _adj._, red-faced person; ruddy-faced, red-faced, ruddy.

=rouge-bord=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) bumper (of red wine).

=rouge-gorge=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) (orni.) redbreast, robin redbreast.

=rougeole= (-jol), _n.f._, (med.) measles, (bot.) cow-wheat.

=rouge-queue=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) red-start, red-tail.

=rouget=, _n.m._, (ich.) gurnet, red gurnet; red surmullet; (ent.) wheal-worm. _adj._, reddish.

=rougette=, _n.f._, (mam.) pteropus.

=rougeur=, _n.f._, redness, blush, glow, color. _pl._, (med.) rosy-drop, red-spot. _La — lui est montée au visage_; the color came into her cheeks.

=rougir=, _v.n._, to redden, to grow red; to color, to color up, to blush, to be ashamed. _— de honte_; to blush with shame. _— de colère_; to grow red with anger. _— jusqu’au blanc des yeux_; to blush up to the eyes, to color up to the eyes. _Faire — quelqu’un_; to put any one to the blush.

=rougir=, _v.a._, to redden; to tinge with red or blood; to mix red wine with water.

=roui=, _n.m._, steeping, soaking, maceration; retting; fustiness, rancidness. _Sentir le —_; to have a rancid taste.

*=rouille=, _n.f._, rust, rustiness (of metals); flaw (of mirrors); (bot.) mildew, blight, blast. _La — mange le fer_; rust corrodes iron. _Ces froments sont chargés de —_; this wheat is mildewed.

*=rouillé=, =-e=, _adj._, rusty; blighted (of corn).

*=rouiller=, _v.a._, to rust, to make rusty; to blight; to impair.

_se_ =rouiller=, _v.r._, to rust, to grow rusty; to get rusty, to become rusty; to rust, to be impaired.

*=rouilleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, ferruginated.

*=rouillure=, _n.f._, rustiness, rust.

=rouir=, _v.a._, to steep, to soak, to macerate (hemp, flax), to ret.

=rouir=, _v.n._, to be retted.

=rouissage=, _n.m._, soaking, steeping, retting.

=rouissoir=, _n.m._, rettery.

=roulade=, _n.f._, roll, rolling; (mus.) roulade, trill, shake; (cook.) collar. _Faire une — de_; (cook.) to collar.

=roulage=, _n.m._, rolling; carriage (of goods); wagon-office; wagoning. _— accéléré_; fly-wagon. _Voiture de —_; goods wagon.

=roulant=, =-e=, _adj._, rolling; easy (of roads); (surg.) moving (of veins). _Chemin —_; easy way. _Feu —_; (milit.) running fire. _Presse —e_; (print.) press at work.

=rouleau=, _n.m._, roll; roller; rolling-pin; roll, twist (of tobacco); coil (of a rope); (med.) roller; (print.) roller; (tech.) sheave. _— de papier_; roll of paper. _Plier en —_; to roll up. _Être au bout de son —_; to be at one’s wits’ end, _or_ at the end of one’s tether. _— d’imprimeur_; printer’s roller.

=roulée=, _n.f._, (pop.) thrashing, drubbing.

=roulement= (rool-mān), _n.m._, rolling, roll, rumbling; (mus.) roll; roll (of a drum); rotation; volutation. _— d’yeux_; rolling of the eyes. _— de fonds_; (com.) circulation of capital. _Fonds de —_; floating capital.

=rouler=, _v.a._, to roll, to roll up; to wind, to wind up; to revolve, to turn over; to pass, to pass away; (of meat) to collar; (fig.) to do for a person. _— une chose dans sa tête_; to turn a thing over in one’s mind. _— sa vie_; to pass one’s life. _— carrosse_; to keep a carriage. _Je l’ai roulé_; I did for him _or_ I bowled him over.

_se_ =rouler=, _v.r._, to roll one’s self, to roll, to tumble; to wallow; to wind; to fight, to have a set to.

=rouler=, _v.n._, to roll, to revolve; to tumble; to toss; to ramble, to wander, to stroll; to keep going; to succeed by rotation; to be plentiful; to turn upon (of a thing). _Faire — la presse_; (print.) to set the press going. _— sur l’or et sur l’argent_; to roll in riches. _Tout roule là-dessus_; all turns upon that. _Ils roulent ensemble_; they take their turns. _Faire —_; to keep going. _Pierre qui roule n’amasse pas de mousse_; a rolling stone gathers no moss. _La conversation roula sur ce sujet_; the conversation turned upon this subject.

=roulet=, _n.m._, hatter’s roller.

=roulette=, _n.f._, roller, truckle, little wheel; truckle-bed; ☉hand-chaise, Bath-chair; caster; roulette (game); (geom.) cycloid. _Cela marche comme sur des —s_; that is getting on swimmingly. _Lit à —s_; bedstead on casters. _— de relieur_; book-binder’s fillet.

=rouleur=, _n.m._, (ent.) vine-fretter, vine-grub, (nav.) rolling vessel.

=rouleuse=, _n.f._, caterpillar.

=roulier=, _n.m._, wagoner, carter, carrier.

=roulière=, _n.f._, wagoner’s smock.

=roulis=, _n.m._, (nav.) rolling, laboring; roll (of the waves).

=rouloir=, _n.m._, rolling-board (for candles); roller, cylinder.

=roulotte=, _n.f._, wagon.

=roupie=, _n.f._, rupee; (l.ex.) snivel. _Avoir la —_; to snivel.

=roupieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (l.u.) snively, sniveling.

*=roupiller=, _v.n._, (pop.) to doze, to snooze.

*=roupilleu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, (pop.) dozer, snoozer.

=roure=, _n.m._, (bot.) English oak.

=roussâtre=, _adj._, reddish, russet.

=rousseau=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, (fam.) red-haired fellow; red-haired.

=rousselet= (roo-slè), _n.m._, (bot.) russet pear.

=rousserolle= (roo-srol), _n.f._, (orni.) great sedge-warbler.

=roussette=, _n.f._, (orni.) bog-rush, hedge-sparrow; (ich.) dog-fish, bounce; (mam.) pteropus.

=rousseur=, _n.f._, redness; freckle. _Avoir des —s_, _avoir des taches de —_; to be freckled.

=roussi=, _n.m._, burnt smell; burning, smell of burning; ☉Russia leather.

=roussin=, _n.m._, thick-set stallion. _— d’Arcadie_; ass, jackass, moke.

=roussir=, _v.a._ and _n._, to redden; to singe, to scorch; to dye of a rusty color, or of a fawn-color; to grow red, to turn red; to singe, to scorch. _Faire —_; to brown (meat, etc.).

=roussissage=, _n.m._, dyeing red.

=rouster= _or_ =rusturer=, _v.a._, (nav.) to woold, to wind (ropes).

=rousture= _or_ =rosture=, _n.f._, (nav.) woolding.

=rout= (raoot), _n.m._, (_—_) rout (assembly). _V._ =raout=.

*=routailler=, _v.a._, (hunt.) to track.

=route=, _n.f._, road, way; journey, route, direction, path, course; (nav.) track, course, way, run; riding (in a forest); track, path (of planets, comets). _Grand’—_, (_—-—s_) highway. _— ordinaire_; common road. _— de traverse_; cross road. _Il est resté en —_; he remained behind. _Il est en —_; he is on his way. _Prendre la — de_; to take the way to, to go in the direction of, to make for. _Faire —_; to travel. _Faire —_; (nav.) to sail. _À la —!_ (nav.) steer the course! _Porter à —_; to go, _or_ take, a straight course. _Faire fausse —_; to take the wrong road; (nav.) to alter the course; (fig.) to take a wrong step; to make a mistake. _— estimée_; (nav.) dead reckoning. _Feuille de —_; (milit.) route; way-bill (of public conveyances). _On lui a tracé sa —_; his course is marked out for him. _La — de la vertu_; the path of virtue.

=routier= (-tié), _n.m._, (geog.) tract chart, road book; (nav.) sailing orders, guide, pilot. _Vieux —_; old stager.

=routi-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, of roads. _Carte —ère_; road-map. _Locomotive —_; traction engine, road engine.

=routine=, _n.f._, routine, habit; rote (frequent repetition of sounds). _Par —_; by routine, by habit, by rote.

=routiner=, _v.a._, (l.u.) to teach by routine.

=routini-er=, =-ère=, _n._ and _adj._, person acting by routine, red-tapist; of routine, routine-like.

=routoir=, _n.m._, retting-pond; retting-pit.

=rouverin= (roo-vrin), _adj.m._, (metal.) blistered, brittle, hot, short.

=rouvieux= _or_ =roux-vieux=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._ (_n.p._), (vet.) mange; mangy.

=rouvre=, _n.m._, (bot.) English oak. _V._ =roure=.

=rouvrir=, _v.a._, to open again. _— une plaie_; to reopen a wound. _Se —_; to open again.

=rou-x=, =-sse=, _adj._, reddish, red-haired, russet; sandy, carroty. _Vents —_; cold dry winds. _Lune —sse_; April moon.

=roux=, _n.m._, reddish color; russet; (mam.) field-mouse; (cook.) brown butter sauce. _— ardent_; fiery red.

=roux-vieux=, _n.m._ _V._ =rouvieux=.

=royal=, =-e= (roa-yal), _adj._, royal, regal, kingly, kinglike.

=royale= (roa-yal), _n.f._, tuft of beard just below the underlip, chin-tuft.

=royalement= (roa-yal-mān), _adv._, royally, regally, in a kingly manner.

=royalisme= (roa-ya-), _n.m._, royalism.

=royaliste= (roa-ya-), _n.m.f._ and _adj._, royalist.

=royaume= (roa-yôm), _n.m._, kingdom, realm.

=royauté= (roa-yô-), _n.f._, royalty. _Abdiquer la —_; to abdicate the throne. _Les marques de la —_; the regalia.

=r.p.=, initial letters of _Révérend Père_; reverend father.

=rr.=, abbreviation of _Royales_, royal.

=ru=, _n.m._, channel _or_ bed (of a small stream).

=ruade=, _n.f._, kick (of horses, etc.). _pl._, kicking. _Détacher_, or _lancer_, _une —_; to give a kick.

=rubabelle= _or_ =rubace=, _n.f._, rubicel, rubicelle.

=ruban=, _n.m._, ribbon; (arch.) beading. _Garniture de —s_; set of ribbons. _— de fil_; tape. _—-d’eau_, (_—s-—_) (bot.) bur-reed, reed-grass. _Canon à —_; twisted gun-barrel. _—s de la glotte_, _—s vocaux_; (anat.) vocal cords. _— de soie_; silk ribbon. _— de velours_; velvet ribbon.

=rubané=, =-e=, _part._, (zoöl.) striped; flattened, ribbon-like. _Canon —_; twisted gun-barrel.

=rubaner=, _v.a._, to trim with ribbons; to arrange flax and hemp fibers; to divide wax into bandelets; to twist a band of iron to turn it into gun-barrels.

=rubanerie= (-ba-n-rî), _n.f._, ribbon-weaving; ribbon-trade.

=rubani-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, ribbon. _Industrie —ère_; ribbon-manufacture, ribbon trade.

=rubanier=, _n.m._, ribbon-weaver; (bot.) burweed.

=rubanière=, _n.f._, ribbon-weaver.

=rubarbe=, _n.f._ _V._ =rhubarbe=.

=rubasse=, _n.f._, (min.) colored quartz.

=rubéfaction=, _n.f._, (med.) rubefaction.

=rubéfiant=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) rubefacient.

=rubéfiant=, _n.m._, (med.) rubefacient.

=rubéfier=, _v.a._, or _se —_, _v.r._, (med.) to rubify.

☉=rubeline=, _n.f._ _V._ =rouge-gorge=.

=rubéole=, _n.f._, (bot.) cross-wort.

=rubescent=, =-e=, _adj._, rubescent.

=rubiacé=, =-e=, _adj._, red-colored.

=rubiacées=, _n.f.pl._, plants of the madder family.

=rubican=, _n.m._ and _adj._, rubican color; rubican.

=rubicon=, _n.m._, Rubicon. _Passer le —_; to take a desperate step.

=rubicond=, =-e=, _adj._, rubicund; bloated; blowzy.

=rubification=, _n.f._, rubification.

=rubigineu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, rubiginous.

☉=rubine=, _n.f._, (chem.) ruby. _— d’argent_; red-silver, ruby-silver. _— d’arsenic_; realgar.

=rubis=, _n.m._, ruby; red pimple, grog-blossom. _Faire — sur l’ongle_; to drink to the last drop. _Payer — sur l’ongle_; to pay to the last farthing. _Monté sur —_; jeweled.

=rubricaire=, _n.m._, rubrician, rubricist.

=rubricateur=, _n.m._, artist who illuminated manuscripts in the Middle Ages.

=rubrique=, _n.f._, method, rule, practice; head; title; trick; ruddle, red chalk. _pl._, (canon law) rubric. _Sous la — de_; under the head of.

=ruche=, _n.f._, hive; swarm; (needlework) quilling, frilling, ruche. _— d’abeilles_; bee-hive. _Châtrer une —_; to cut away the wax and honey from a hive.

=ruché=, =-e=, _adj._, quilted. _n.m._, frilling.

=ruchée=, _n.f._, hive-full.

=rucher=, _n.m._, stand for bees; apiary.

=rucher=, _v.a._, (needlework) to quilt, to frill.

=rudâni-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, (l.u.) surly, churlish, uncouth.

=rude=, _adj._, harsh, rough, rugged, steep, uneven; sharp, rude, hard; disagreeable; grating, violent, fierce; severe, bitter; rigid, strict; formidable; uncouth, unpolished; impetuous, boisterous; troublesome, difficult. _Avoir la peau —_; to have a rough skin. _Une — épreuve_; a severe trial. _Chemin —_; rugged road. _Avoir la voix —_; to have a harsh voice. _Des manières —s_; rough, coarse, uncouth manners. _Un — assaut_; a fierce assault. _Les temps sont —s_; times are hard. _Des paroles —s_; harsh words.

=rudement= (ru-dmān), _adv._, roughly, ruggedly, harshly, sharply, severely, strictly; tumultuously, violently, impetuously, rudely. _Traiter —_; to treat roughly. _Aller — en besogne_; to work with a vengeance.

=rudenté=, =-e=, _adj._, (arch.) cabled (of columns).

=rudenture=, _n.f._, (arch.) cabling, rudenture.

=rudesse=, _n.f._, harshness; roughness; ruggedness; severity; tumultuousness; fierceness, violence; austerity, strictness; troublesomeness; rude thing, coarse thing; rudeness.

=rudiment=, _n.m._, rudiment.

=rudimentaire=, _adj._, rudimental, elementary, rudimentary.

=rudoyer=, _v.a._, to use roughly, harshly; to speak harshly to; to bully; to ill-treat (a horse).

=rue=, _n.f._, street; (bot.) rue. _— passante_; much frequented street. _Courir les —s_; to run about the streets; (fig.) to be in everybody’s mouth (of news); to be common (of a thing). _— de traverse_; cross-street. _— écartée_; back street. _Il est fou à courir les —s_; he is stark, staring mad. _Les —s en sont pavées_; (prov.) it is as common as dust. _Être vieux comme les —s_; to be as old as the hills. _— de chèvre_; goat’s-rue.

=ruelle=, _n.f._, lane, alley, by-street; bed-side, wall-side; (fig.) lady’s alcove; private circle; literary coterie. _Les belles —s de Paris_; the best drawing-rooms in the town.

=rueller=, _v.a._, to mold (vines).

=ruer=, _v.a._, (l.u.) to fling, to hurl, to cast; to throw. _— de grands coups_; to deal heavy blows.

_se_ =ruer=, _v.r._, to throw one’s self; to rush upon.

=ruer=, _v.n._, to kick (of horses, etc.).

=rueu-r=, =-se=, _n._ and _adj._, (man.) kicker; given to kicking.

=rugine=, _n.f._, (surg.) rugine, scalp; (dentist’s) tooth-scaler.

=ruginer=, _v.a._, (surg.) to scalp.

=rugir=, _v.n._, to roar, to yell.

=rugissant=, =-e=, _adj._, roaring.

=rugissement= (-jis-mān), _n.m._, roaring, roar.

=rugosité=, _n.f._, rugosity, roughness, unevenness; wrinkle.

=rugueu-x=, =-se= (-gheû, -z), _adj._, rugose, rough, uneven; wrinkled.

=ruilée=, _n.f._, (arch.) verge.

=ruine=, _n.f._, ruin, decay; overthrow, destruction, downfall; desolation. _Tomber en —s_; to fall to, to crumble to, ruins. _Tomber en —_; to run to ruin. _Courir à sa —_; to go to one’s ruin; to go to wrack and ruin. _Cet édifice menace —_; this building is falling to ruins. _Sortir de ses —s_; to rise from its ruins (of towns, etc.). _Battre en —_; (milit.) to batter down.

=ruiné=, =-e=, _adj._, ruined. _Son crédit est —_; his crédit is gone. _Un tempérament —_; a worn-out constitution.

=ruiner=, _v.a._, to ruin, to lay waste; to spoil; to undo, to overthrow, to destroy. _— un cheval_; to spoil a horse.

_se_ =ruiner=, _v.r._, to decay; to fall into decay; to ruin one’s self; to be ruined, spoilt.

=ruineu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, falling to ruin; ruinous.

=ruinure=, _n.f._, (carp.) bearing.

=ruisseau=, _n.m._, brook, stream, rivulet; gutter, street kennel. _Petit —_; rivulet, brook, streamlet, rill.

=ruisselant=, =-e= (rui-slān, -t), _adj._, streaming, running down, dripping.

=ruisseler= (rui-slé), _v.n._, to gush, to stream; to trickle, to trickle down, to run down.

☉=ruisselet= (rui-slè), _n.m._, rivulet, brooklet.

=rum=, _n.m._ _V._ =rhum=.

=rumb= (romb), _n.m._, (nav.) rhumb, rhomb.

=rumen= (-mè-n), _n.m._, rumen, paunch.

=rumeur=, _n.f._, rumor, report; clamor, uproar, noise.

=ruminant=, =-e=, _adj._, ruminant, ruminating.

=ruminant=, _n.m._, (mam.) ruminant.

=rumination=, _n.f._, rumination, chewing the cud.

=ruminer=, _v.n._, to ruminate, to chew the cud; (fig.) to muse on, to ponder over, to think over.

=ruminer=, _v.a._, to ruminate; to think over, to muse over. _Que ruminez-vous là?_ what are you thinking about _or_ turning over in your mind?

=runes=, _n.f.pl._, runes, runic characters.

=runique=, _adj._, runic.

=rupture=, _n.f._, breaking, rupture, breaking off; (fig.) complete separation (between two persons); bursting; (med.) rupture, hernia; fracture; (paint.) mixing of colors. _La — d’un os_; the fracture of a bone. _La — d’un tendon_; the rupture of a sinew. _La — d’un mariage_; the breaking off of a match. _En — de ban_; escaped from banishment. _Ils en sont venus à une —_; all is at end between them.

=rural=, =-e=, _adj._, rural.

=ruse=, _n.f._, artifice, wile, deceit, craft, ruse, cunning, trick; (hunt.) double. _User de —s_; to practice deceit. _— de guerre_; stratagem of war.

=rusé=, =-e=, _adj._, artful, deceitful, cunning, crafty, sly, subtle, designing. _Un — matois_; a knowing card. _Avoir l’air —_; to look cunning.

=ruser=, _v.n._, to use deceit, craft, guile, artifice, cunning; (hunt.) to double.

=russe=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, Russian.

=rustaud=, =-e=, _adj._, (fam.) boorish, rustic, coarse, uncouth.

=rustaud=, _n.m._, (fam.) rustic; clod-hopper.

=rustaudement= (-tô-dmān), _adv._, (fam.). _V._ =rustiquement=.

=rustauderie= (-tô-drî), _n.f._ (fam.). _V._ =rusticité=.

=rusticité=, _n.f._, rusticity, clownishness, churlishness, uncouthness.

=rustique=, _adj._, rural, rustic, country; artless, boorish. _Vie —_; country life. _Manières —s_; rustic manners. _Langage —_; boorish language.

=rustique=, _n.m._, (arch.) rustic order.

=rustiquement= (-tik-mān), _adv._, rustically, rudely, clownishly, boorishly, uncouthly.

=rustiquer=, _v.a._, (arch.) to rough-cast, to jag out.

=rustre=, _n.m._ and _adj._, boor, clown, churl, clodhopper; boorish, clownish, rude.

=rusturer=, _v.a._ _V._ =rouster=.

=rut= (rut), _n.m._, rut (of deer). _Être en —_; to rut.

=rutabaga=, _n.m._, (agri.) Swedish turnip, rutabaga.

=rutilant=, =-e=, _adj._, rutilant, shining, brilliant.

=rutiler=, _v.n._, to shine, to rutilate.

=rutoir=, _n.m._, (manu.) retting-pit; retting-pond.

=ryott=, _n.m._, ryot (in India).

=rythme=, _n.m._, rhythm.

=rythmique=, _adj._, rhythmical.

S

=s= (èss), _n.f._, (se), _n.m._, the nineteenth letter of the alphabet, s. [S is added for the sake of euphony to the second pers. sing. of the imperative of verbs of the first conjugation before _y_, as: _vas-y_; go there; and also before _en_, as: _donnes-en_; give some.] _Faire des S_; to reel about, to stagger (like a drunken man).

=s’=, contraction of _se_.

=sa=, _adj.f._, his, her, one’s, its. _V._ =son=.

=sabbat=, _n.m._, Sabbath, seventh day of the week among the Jews; Sabbath (sabbatic year), nocturnal meeting _or_ nightly revels (of witches); racket, uproar, tumult, scolding. _— de chats_; caterwauling. _Faire un —_; to kick up a shindy. _Faire un beau — à quelqu’un_; to scold any one well.

=sabbataire=, _n.m._, Sabbatarian; Seventh-day Baptist.

=sabbatique=, _adj._, sabbatical (of years).

=sabbatisme=, _n.m._, sabbatism.

=sabéen= (-in), _adj._, sabian.

=sabéisme= _or_ =sabaïsme=, _n.m._, Sabaism.

=sabin=, =-e=, _n.m.f._, Sabine man _or_ woman.

=sabine=, _n.f._, (bot.) savin.

=sabisme=, _n.m._, Sabaism.

=sable=, _n.m._, sand; gravel, ballast; (l.u.) hour-glass; (her.) sable.

=sablé=, =-e=, _adj._, laid with sand, sanded. _Allée —e_; gravel-walk _or_ path.

=sabler=, _v.a._, to gravel, to sand, to cover with sand _or_ gravel; to drink off. _— un verre de vin_; to toss off a glass of wine.

=sableu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, sandy.

=sablier=, _n.m._, sand-glass; hour-glass; sand-man, dealer in sand; (nav.) glass; sand-box; (bot.) sand-box.

=sablière=, _n.f._, sand-pit, gravel-pit; (carp.) raising-piece; (arch.) wall-plate; torsel.

=sablon=, _n.m._, fine sand, scouring sand.

=sablonner=, _v.a._, to sand, to scour with sand.

=sablonneu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, sandy, graveled; gritty.

=sablonnier=, _n.m._, dealer in sand.

=sablonnière=, _n.f._, sand-pit, gravel-pit.

=sabord=, _n.m._, (nav.) port, port-hole, gun-port.

=sabordement=, _n.m._, (nav.) scuttling.

=saborder=, _v.a._, (nav.) to scuttle.

=sabot=, _n.m._, sabot, wooden shoe, horse’s hoof, clog; shoe (of carriages); (conch.) turban, turban-shell; socket (of furniture); top (plaything); sorry fiddle; (of ships) old tub. _Dormir comme un —_; to sleep like a top.

=saboter=, _v.n._, to whip a top; to clatter with one’s shoes. _v.a._, to arm the end of a stake with an iron socket; (pop.) to bungle, to botch.

=saboteur=, _n.m._, bungler.

=sabotier= (-tié), _n.m._, clog maker, wearer _or_ maker of wooden shoes, wooden shoe-maker.

=sabotière=, _n.f._, wooden-shoe shop; dance of people (in wooden shoes).

=sabouler=, _v.a._, (pop.) to push about, to jostle, to hustle; to scold, to rate, to bully.

=sabre=, _n.m._, saber; broadsword. _— baïonnette_; rifle-sword, sword-bayonet. _— poignard_; dirk, saber-poniard.

☉=sabrenas=, _n.m._, cobbler; bungler.

☉=sabrenasser=, _v.a._ _V._ =sabrenauder=.

☉=sabrenauder=, _v.a._, to cobble, to botch, to bungle.

=sabrer=, _v.a._, to strike _or_ cut with a saber, to saber; to hurry over, to botch, to bungle. _— une affaire_; to hurry over any business.

=sabretache=, _n.f._, (milit.) sabretache.

=sabreur=, _n.m._, (fam.) brave soldier, hard fighter, swash-buckler; (fig.) bungler, botcher. _Beau —_; dashing soldier (cavalry).

☉=sabuleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, gritty.

=saburral=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) saburral.

=saburre=, _n.f._, (med.) indigestion, foulness of the stomach.

=sac=, _n.m._, sack, bag; knapsack; sackcloth; poke-net; (surg.) sac; bag, pouch (of certain animals); plunder, sack, sacking, pillage, ransacking. _— de nuit_; carpet-bag. _— à ouvrage_; work-bag. _Homme de — et de corde_; Newgate-bird. _— à vin_; drunkard. _— à papier!_ zounds! hang it! bless me! _Cul-de-—_, (_—s-—_) blind alley. _Mettre quelqu’un au —_; to nonplus any one. _Tirer d’un — deux moutures_; to take double fees. _Voir le fond du —_; to sift an affair to the bottom. _Prendre quelqu’un la main dans le —_; to catch any one in the very act, _or_ red-handed. _— de blé_; sack of wheat. _— de procès_; lawyer’s bag. _Donner communication de son —_; (jur.) to communicate papers. _Être dans le —_; to be in a fair way (to succeed). _Remplir son —_; (fam., pop.) to fill one’s belly. _Donner à quelqu’un son —_; to send any one about his business, to give any one the sack. _Dans les petites —s sont les fines épices_; small parcels hold fine wares. _Vider son —_; to exhaust one’s budget, to have one’s say out. _Prendre son — et ses quilles_; to pack off, bag and baggage. _Mettre une ville à —_; to plunder, to sack a town. _Juger sur l’étiquette du —_; to judge by appearances.

=saccade=, _n.f._, (man.) saccade, jerk (with a bridle); check, rebuke, reproof, reprimand; scolding, rating; (fig.) sudden, brusque movement; fit, start. _Par —s_; by fits and starts.

=saccadé=, =-e=, _part._, jerked, by jerks; broken, irregular. _Style —_; abrupt style. _Phrases —es_; short, pithy sentences.

=saccader=, _v.a._, (man.) to jerk, to check.

=saccage=, _n.m._, havoc, confusion, jumble, confused heap.

=saccagement= (sa-kaj-mān), _n.m._, sack, sackage, sacking, pillaging, ransacking, plunder.

=saccager=, _v.a._, to sack, to ransack, to pillage, to plunder; to throw into confusion.

=saccageur=, _n.m._, plunderer; sacker, ravager.

=saccatier=, _n.m._, coal-heaver.

=saccellaire=, _n.m._, (Fr. Hist.) treasurer, keeper of the privy purse.

=saccharate= (sak-ka-), _n.m._, (chem.) saccharate. _— de chaux_; saccharated solution of lime.

=sacchareu-x=, =-se= (sak-ka-), _adj._, saccharine.

=saccharifère= (sak-ka-), _adj._, sacchariferous.

=saccharimètre= (sak-ka-), _n.m._, saccharimeter, saccharometer.

=saccharin=, =-e= (sak-ka-), _adj._, saccharine.

=saccharique= (sak-ka-), _adj._, saccharic.

=saccharure= (sak-ka-), _n.m._, (pharm.) sugar of (certain chemicals). _— d’aconit_; sugar of aconite.

=sacciforme= (sak-si-), _adj._, (bot.) bagged.

=sacerdoce=, _n.m._, priesthood.

=sacerdotal=, =-e=, _adj._, sacerdotal, priestly.

=sacerdotalisme=, _n.m._, sacerdotalism.

=sachée=, _n.f._, sackful, bagful.

=sachem= (sa-shèm), _n.m._, sachem (Indian chief).

=sachet=, _n.m._, satchel, little bag _or_ sack; scent-bag.

=sacoche=, _n.m._, saddle-bag; money-bag.

=sacramentaire=, _n.m._, sacramentarian.

=sacramental=, =-e=, _or_ =sacramentel=, =-le=, _adj._, sacramental. _Mots sacramentaux_; decisive words.

=sacramentalement= (-tal-mān) _or_ =sacramentellement=, _adv._, sacramentally.

=sacre=, _n.m._, anointing, coronation of a king; (orni.) saker; (fig.) blackguard. _— d’un évêque_; consecration of a bishop.

=sacré=, =-e=, _adj._, sacred, inviolable; holy, consecrated, anointed, crowned; (l.ex.) damned, cursed, confounded, blasted; (anat.) sacral.

=sacrebleu=, _int._, by Jove! confound it! dash it!

=sacrement=, _n.m._, sacrament; matrimony, marriage. _Saint —_; Holy Sacrament; (c.rel.) Host; (c.rel.) monstrance. _Administrer les derniers —s à quelqu’un_; to administer the last sacrament to any one. _Recevoir le —_; to receive the sacrament, to take the sacrament. _Office du saint —_; communion-service.

=sacrer=, _v.a._, to anoint, to crown, a king; to consecrate a bishop.

=sacrer=, _v.n._, to curse, to swear.

=sacret=, _n.m._, (hawking) sakeret.

=sacrificateur=, _n.m._, sacrificer. _Souverain —_; high-priest.

=sacrificatoire=, _adj._, sacrificial.

=sacrificature=, _n.f._, office of sacrificer.

=sacrifice=, _n.m._, sacrifice, offering, peace-offering. _— d’actions de grâces_, _— de louange_; (Bibl.) thanksgiving.

=sacrifier=, _v.a._, to sacrifice, to make offerings; to immolate; to devote (time to a thing). _— des victimes_; to sacrifice victims. _— tout à ses intérêts_; to sacrifice everything to one’s interest.

=sacrifier=, _v.n._, to sacrifice.

=sacrilège=, _n.m._, sacrilege.

=sacrilège=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, sacrilegist, sacrilegious person; sacrilegious.

=sacrilègement= (-lèj-mān), _adv._, sacrilegiously.

=sacripant=, _n.m._, hector, bully, swaggerer; scoundrel, blackguard.

=sacristain=, _n.m._, sexton; sacristan, vestry-keeper.

=sacristie=, _n.f._, sacristy, vestry, vestry-room; audit-house (of cathedrals); church-plate, sacred vases, etc.; church fees.

=sacristine=, _n.f._, vestry-nun.

=sacro=, _adj. invariable_, (rel.) holy. _—-saint_; very, doubly holy; (anat.) sacro.

=sacrum=, _n.m._, (anat.) sacrum. _Os —_; sacrum, sacral bone.

=saducéen= (-cé-in), =-ne= (-cé-è-n), _n._ and _adj._, Sadducee; Sadducean.

=saducéisme=, _n.m._, Sadducism.

☉=saette=, _n.f._ _V._ =sagette=.

=safran=, _n.m._ (bot.) saffron; crocus. _— bâtard_; meadow-saffron, mock-saffron, bastard-saffron, safflower. _— de gouvernail_; (nav.) after-piece of a rudder.

=safrané=, =-e=, _adj._, saffron, saffroned; yellow.

=safraner=, _v.a._, to saffron.

=safranière=, _n.f._, saffron-plantation.

=safranum= (-nom), _n.m._, (chem.) safflower.

☉=safre=, _adj._, (pop.) greedy, gluttonous.

=safre=, _n.m._, (chem.) zaffre, zaffer.

=saga=, _n.f._, saga (legend of the northern nations of Europe).

=sagace=, _adj._, sagacious, acute, shrewd.

=sagacité=, _n.f._, sagacity, sagaciousness, quickness, acuteness, shrewdness.

=sagamore=, _n.m._, sagamore (Indian chief).

=sage=, _adj._, sage, wise, sensible, wary, rational, discreet, judicious, prudent; cool, sober, staid, well-behaved, steady, virtuous, modest; quiet, gentle. _Des lois —s_; wise laws. _Conduite —_; steady, prudent conduct. _— politique_; wise policy. _Être —_; (of children) to be good, to be well-behaved. _Femme —_; virtuous woman.

=sage=, _n.m._, wise man, sage.

=sage-femme=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_), midwife.

=sagement= (saj-mān), _adv._, sagely, wisely, prudently, discreetly, judiciously, warily, soberly, steadily.

=sagesse=, _n.f._, wisdom; moderation, discretion, prudence; steadiness, sobriety, chastity; goodness; good behavior (of children); gentleness (of animals).

☉=sagette= _or_ =saette=, _n.f._, arrow; (bot.) arrow-head; adder’s-tongue.

=sagination=, _n.f._, fattening.

=sagine=, _n.f._, (bot.) pearl-grass, pearl-wort.

=sagittaire=, _n.m._, (astron.) Sagittarius.

=sagittaire=, _n.f._, (bot.) arrow-head, adder’s tongue.

=sagittale=, _adj.f._, (anat.) sagittal.

=sagitté=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) sagittate, arrow-headed, arrow-shaped.

=sagou=, _n.m._, sago.

=sagouier= _or_ =sagoutier=, _n.m._, (bot.) sago-tree.

=sagouin=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, (mam.) sagoin, squirrel-monkey; slovenly fellow, slovenly woman.

=s a i=, initial letters of _Son Altesse Impériale_, His _or_ Her Imperial Highness.

=saie=, _n.f._, (antiq.) sagum (tunic, cloak); brush (used by goldsmiths); a light kind of serge.

=saietter=, _v.a._, to brush.

*=saignant=, =-e=, _adj._, bleeding, bloody; nearly raw, underdone (of meat).

*=saignée=, _n.f._, (surg.) phlebotomy, bleeding, blood-letting; small of the arm; trench (for draining); (fig.) heavy payment, expense; drain.

*=saignement= (-mān), _n.m._, bleeding. _— de nez_; bleeding at the nose.

*=saigner=, _v.a._, to bleed, to draw out blood; (cook.) to kill, to stick; to drain; to get money out of, to bleed any one.

_se_ *=saigner=, _v.r._, to bleed one’s self, to drain one’s self; to make a sacrifice.

*=saigner=, _v.n._, to bleed. _Je saigne du nez_; I am bleeding at the nose. _— du nez_; (fig.) to show the white feather, to lack courage. _Le cœur m’en saigne_; it cuts me to the heart.

*=saigneur=, _n.m._, (fam., l.u.) bleeder, blood-letter.

*=saigneu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, bloody. _Bout —_; scrag end, neck (of lamb, mutton, veal).

*=saillant=, =-e=, _adj._, jutting out, projecting; striking, forcible, remarkable; (her.) salient.

*=saillant=, _n.m._, (fort.) the salient angle of any out-work.

*=saille!= _archaic 2d pers. sing. of the imperative of the verb saillir_, (nav.) haul! (word of command).

*=saillie=, _n.f._, jutting out, projecture; prominence, protuberance; start, sudden gush, spurt, sudden fit, sally; flash of wit, witticism; (arch.) rabbet, ledge; (of a steam-engine) spindle.

*=saillir=, _v.n._, (_irregular_) (arch.) to project, to jut, to jut out, to stand out, to protrude, to rabbet; (paint.) to stand out. _Faire —_; to bring out; to bring into prominence; to show up. _Qui saille_; prominent. _Cette corniche saille trop_; that cornice projects too much.

*=saillir=, _v.a._, (_regular_) (of animals) to leap, to cover, to serve.

*=saillir=, _v.n._, (_regular_) to gush, to spout out (of liquids). _V._ =jaillir=, which is much more generally used.

=sain=, =-e=, _adj._, sound, hale, healthy, sane, wholesome; (nav.) clear. _— de corps et d’esprit_; sound in body and mind. _Revenir — et sauf_; to return safe and sound. _Jugement —_; sound, judgment. _Nourriture —e_; wholesome food.

=sainbois=, _n.m._, (bot.) spurge-flax. _V._ =garou=.

=saindoux=, _n.m._, lard.

=sainement= (sè-n-mān), _adv._, soundly, rationally, judiciously, healthily, wholesomely.

=sainfoin=, _n.m._, (bot.) sainfoin.

=saint=, =-e=, _adj._, holy, sacred, godly, sainted; sanctified; consecrated, saintly. _— homme_; godly man. _L’Ecriture —e_; Holy-Writ. _La semaine —e_; holy-week. _Le vendredi —_; Good-Friday. _La —-Jean_; Midsummer. _La —-Martin_; Martinmas-day. _Le —-siège_; the holy see. _—-père_; holy father, the Pope. _Le —-Esprit_, _l’Esprit-—_; the Holy Ghost, the Holy Spirit. _Le —-empire romain_, _le —-empire_; (formerly) the German empire. _—-office_; the holy-office (a name for the Inquisition). _Mal —-Jean_, _mal de —_; falling sickness. _Rendre —_; to sanctify. _Lieu —_; sanctuary. _Terre —e_; consecrated ground; Holy Land. _Feu —-Antoine_; Saint Anthony’s fire, erysipelas. _La —e journée_; the blessed, _or_ the whole, day. _Tout le — Frusquin_; (pop.) the whole bally lot (of clothes). [Saint is written with a capital letter and joined to the following name by a hyphen, when such name does not designate a saint: _la Saint-Jean_; Midsummer.]

=saint=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, saint, patron saint, patron. _— d’une ville_; patron saint of a town. _Mettre au nombre des —s_; to canonize. _Il ne sait à quel — se vouer_; he does not know which way to turn. _Le — des —s_; the holy of holies.

=saint-augustin=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) Saint Augustine; (print.) English.

=sainte-barbe=, _n.f._, (_—_) (nav.) powder-magazine, gun-room. _Collège —_; (in Paris).

=saintement= (sint-mān), _adv._, holily, sacredly; righteously, piously, religiously.

=sainte nitouche=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) a sanctimonious-looking person. _Faire la — —_; to sham Abraham.

=sainte-pélagie=, _n.f._, (formerly) debtor’s prison; the French “Marshalsea”; (now) a political prison.

=sainteté= (sint-té), _n.f._, holiness, sanctity, sacredness, saintliness; godliness, righteousness; Holiness (the pope); (b.s.) saintship.

=saint-germain=, _n.m._, (_—_) (hort.) Saint Germain (a kind of pear).

=saint-simonien=, _n.m._ =-ne=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) Saint-Simonian.

=saint-simoniser=, _v.a._, to convert (to the doctrines of) (used by de Balzac).

=saint-simonisme=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) Saint-Simonianism (system of the Count of Saint-Simon).

=saïque=, _n.f._, (nav.) saic.

=saisi=, =-e=, _adj._, seized, possessed, struck, impressed. _Être — d’une affaire_; to be made cognizant with; to be called upon to look into, to examine; (jur.) distrained.

=saisi=, _n.m._, (jur.) person distrained.

=saisie=, _n.f._, seizure, distress, distraint, execution. _— immobilière_; distress on real property. _— mobilière_; distress on movable goods, distress on personal property.

=saisie-arrêt=, _n.f._, (_—s-—_) (jur.) attachment; garnishment (in London).

=saisie-brandon=, _n.f._, (_—s-—_) (jur.) execution on growing crops.

=saisie-exécution=, _n.f._, (_—s-—_) (jur.) execution; distress.

=saisie-gagerie=, _n.f._, (_—s-—_) (jur.) execution by way of security (for house-rent).

=saisie-revendication=, _n.f._, (_—s-—_) (jur.) attachant of goods claimed (pending litigation).

=saisine=, _n.f._, (jur.) seizin; (nav.) gripe, lashing.