Chapter M (13)

=pur=, =-e=, _adj._, pure, genuine, unadulterated; unspotted, innocent, chaste, spotless; clean, clear, unmingled, unalloyed; mere, sheer, downright, neat (of liquor). _Une lumière —e_; a clear light. _Un ciel —_; a clear, cloudless sky. _Être en état de —e nature_; to be stark naked. _Du vin —_; wine without water, pure wine. Obligation _—e et simple_; unconditional, unqualified, absolute obligation. _C’est la —e vérité_; it is the plain, unvarnished truth. _Par —e bonté_; out of sheer kindness. _— e sottise_; downright nonsense. _Ce fruit est du poison tout —_; that fruit is downright poison. _Félicité —e_; unalloyed happiness. _Une réputation —e_; an untarnished reputation. _Une gloire —e_; unsullied glory. _Un trait —_, _un dessin —_; (drawing) a clean stroke, a clean drawing. _À — et à plein_; unreservedly, entirely. _En —e perte_; in vain, to no purpose.

=pureau=, _n.m._, part uncovered (of slates, tiles).

=purée=, _n.f._, thick soup; pea-soup; mashed potatoes.

=purement= (pur-mān), _adv._, purely, genuinely, merely, only; innocently. _— et simplement_; unconditionally; merely.

=pureté= (pur-té), _n.f._, pureness, purity, gentleness, innocence; chastity.

=purgati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, purgative, purging.

=purgatif=, _n.m._, purgative.

=purgation=, _n.f._, purgative, purge.

=purgatoire=, _n.m._, purgatory.

=purge=, _n.f._, ☉purge, cleansing. _— d’hypothèques_; (jur.) paying off of a mortgage.

=purger=, _v.a._, to purge, to purge away; to cleanse, to purify, to clear, to refine. _— un malade_; to purge a sick person. _— son bien de dettes_; to clear one’s estate of mortgages.

_se_ =purger=, _v.r._, to purge one’s self, to purify one’s self.

=purifiant=, =-e=, _adj._, purifying, cleansing.

=purificateur=, _n.m._, purificator.

=purification=, _n.f._, purification.

=purificatoire=, _n.m._, (c.rel.) purificatory.

=purifier=, _v.a._, to purify, to cleanse; to refine; to try (metal). _— le langage_; to refine the language.

_se_ =purifier=, _v.r._, to purify one’s self, to purify, to refine.

=puriforme=, _adj._, (med.) puriform.

=purin=, _n.m._, (agri.) liquid manure.

=purisme=, _n.m._, purism.

=puriste=, _n.m._, purist.

=puritain=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, Puritan.

=puritanisme=, _n.m._, Puritanism.

=purpurin=, =-e=, _adj._, purplish.

=purpurine=, _n.f._, purple, bronze.

=purulence=, _n.f._, purulence, purulency.

=purulent=, =-e=, _adj._, purulent.

=pus=, _n.m._, (med.) pus, matter.

=pusillanime= (-zil-la-), _adj._, pusillanimous, faint-hearted, chicken-hearted, cowardly.

=pusillanimité= (-zil-la-), _n.f._, pusillanimity, faint-heartedness, cowardice.

=pustule=, _n.f._, pustule, pimple, blotch, blain; (bot.) blister.

=pustulé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) blistered.

=pustuleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, pustulous.

=putain=, _n.f._, (l.ex.) street-walker, prostitute, strumpet.

=putasserie=, _n.f._, whoredom; whoring, wenching.

=putassier=, _n.m._, (l.ex.) one who frequents prostitutes, whoremonger.

=putati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, putative, reputed, supposed.

=putativement=, _adv._, reputedly, putatively.

=putois=, _n.m._, polecat.

=putréfaction=, _n.m._, putrefaction.

=putréfait=, =-e=, _adj._, (l.u.) putrefied.

=putréfié=, =-e=, _part._, putrefied.

=putréfier=, _v.a._, to putrefy.

_se_ =putréfier=, _v.r._, to putrefy.

=putrescible=, _adj._, putrefiable.

=putride=, _adj._, (med.) putrid.

=putridité=, _n.f._, putridity.

=pygargue=, _n.m._, erne, sea-eagle.

=pygmée=, _n.m._, pygmy, dwarf.

=pylône=, _n.m._, (antiq., arch.) porch (of Egyptian temples).

=pylore=, _n.m._, (anat.) pylorus.

=pyloride=, _n.f._, bivalve shell.

=pylorique=, _adj._, (anat.) pyloric.

=pyracanthe=, _n.f._, (bot.) pyracanth.

=pyrale=, _n.f._, (ent.) pyralis.

=pyramidal=, =-e=, _adj._, pyramidal, pyramidic, pyramidical.

=pyramidalement= (-dal-mān), _adv._, pyramidally, pyramidically.

=pyramide=, _n.f._, pyramid.

=pyramider=, _v.n._, to rise like a pyramid; to tower, to taper.

=pyrée=, _n.m._, fire-altar.

=pyrèthre=, _n.m._, (bot.) Spanish camomile, feverfew.

=pyrétologie=, _n.m._, pyretology.

=pyriforme=, _adj._ _V._ =piriforme=.

=pyrique=, _adj._, pyrotechnic, pyrotechnical.

=pyrite=, _n.f._, (min.) pyrites.

=pyriteu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (min.) pyritic, pyritical.

=pyrolâtrie=, _n.f._, the worship of fire, pyrolatry.

*=pyroligneux=, _adj._, pyrolignous.

=pyrologie=, _n.f._, pyrology.

=pyromancie=, _n.f._, pyromancy.

=pyromètre=, _n.m._, pyrometer.

=pyrophore=, _n.m._, pyrophorus.

=pyroscaphe=, _n.m._, (nav.) steamer, steamboat.

=pyrosis=, _n.f._, (med.) pyrosis, water brash.

=pyrotechnie= (-tèk-), _n.f._, pyrotechnics, pyrotechny.

=pyrotechnique= (-tèk-), _adj._, pyrotechnic, pyrotechnical.

=pyroxène=, _n.m._, (min.) pyroxene.

=pyrrhique=, _adj._, Pyrrhic.

=pyrrhique=, _n.m._, (poet.) Pyrrhic.

=pyrrhique=, _n.f._, (antiq.) Pyrrhic (dance).

=pyrrhonien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _n._ and _adj._, Pyrrhonist, Pyrrhonean; Pyrrhonic.

=pyrrhonisme=, _n.m._, Pyrrhonism.

=pythagoricien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _n._ and _adj._, Pythagorean; Pythagoric, Pythagorical.

=pythagorique=, _adj._, Pythagoric, Pythagorical.

=pythagorisme=, _n.m._, Pythagorism.

=pythie=, _n.f._, (antiq.) the Pythia (priestess of Apollo).

=pythien= (-tiin), _adj._, Pythian.

=pythique=, _adj._, Pythian.

=pythiques=, _n.f.pl._, Pindarus’ odes.

=python=, _n.m._, (zoöl.) python, rock-snake.

=pythonisse=, _n.f._, (antiq.) pythoness; witch.

Q

=q=, _n.m._, the seventeenth letter of the alphabet, q.

=qu’=, contraction of Que.

=quacre=, _n.m._ _V._ =quaker=.

=quadernes= (kooa-dèrn), _n.m.pl._, two fours (backgammon).

=quadragénaire= (kooa-), _n._ and _adj._, person forty years old; of forty years of age; of forty.

=quadragésimal=, =-e= (kooa-), _adj._, quadragesimal.

=quadragésime= (kooa-), _n.f._, Quadragesima (Sunday).

=quadrangle= (kooa-), _n.m._, quadrangle.

=quadrangulaire= (kooa-), _adj._, quadrangular, four-cornered.

=quadrangulé=, =-e= (kooa-), _adj._, quadrangular.

☉=quadrat=, _adj._, (astrolog.) quadrate. _— aspect_; quartile. _V._ =quadrature=.

=quadrat=, _n.m._, (print.) quadrat. _V._ =cadrat=.

=quadrateur=, _n.m._, squarer of the circle.

=quadratin=, _n.m._, (print.) M quadrat. _Demi-—_; (print.) N quadrat. _V._ =cadratin=.

=quadratique= (kooa-), _adj._, quadratic.

=quadratoriste=, _n.m._, fresco-painter.

=quadratrice= (kooa-), _n.f._, (geom.) quadratrix.

=quadrature= (kooa-), _n.f._, (astron., geom.) quadrature; (astrolog.) quartile; (paint.) fresco-painting.

=quadrature=, _n.f._, (horl.) movement, dial-work. _V._ =cadrature=.

=quadriailé=, _adj._, four-winged.

=quadricapsulaire= (kooa-), _adj._, (bot.) quadricapsular.

=quadricorne= (kooa-), _adj._, quadricornous.

=quadridenté=, =-e= (kooa-), _adj._, (bot.) quadridentate.

=quadriennal=. _V._ =quatriennal=.

=quadrifide= (kooa-), _adj._, (bot.) quadrifid, four-cleft.

=quadrige= (kooa-), _n.m._, (antiq.) quadriga.

=quadrijumeaux= (kooa-), _adj.m.pl._, (anat.) quadrigemina. _Tubercules —_; corpora quadrigemina.

=quadrilatéral=, _adj._, quadrilateral.

=quadrilatère= (kooa-), _n.m._, (geom.) quadrilateral.

*=quadrillage=, _n.m._, pavement of square stones, flags.

*=quadrille=, _n.f._, troop of horse (in a tournament).

=quadrille=, _n.m._, (card game, mus., dancing) quadrille; check, square, lozenge.

=quadrillé=, _adj._, (of cloths) checkered, plaid; (of paper) ruled both ways, in squares.

=quadrillion= (kooa-), _n.m._, a thousand billions.

=quadrilobé=, =-e= (kooa-), _adj._, (bot.) quadrilobate.

=quadriloculaire= (kooa-), _adj._, (bot.) quadrilocular.

=quadrinôme= (kooa-), _n.m._, (alg.) quadrinomial.

=quadriparti=, =-e= (kooa-), _adj._, (bot.) quadripartite.

=quadripartition= (kooa-), _n.f._, (l.u.) quadripartition.

=quadriphylle= (kooa-), _adj._, (bot.) quadriphyllous.

=quadrirème= (kooa-), _n.m._, quadrireme.

=quadrisyllabe= (kooa-dri-sil-lab), _n.m._, quadrisyllable.

=quadrivalve= (kooa-), _adj._, (bot.) quadrivalve, quadrivalvular.

=quadrumane= (kooa-), _n.m._ and _adj._, (mam.) quadruman; quadrumanous.

=quadrupède= (kooa-), _n.m._ and _adj._, quadruped; four-footed; quadruped.

=quadruple= (kooa-), _n.m._ and _adj._, quadruple, fourfold; (Spanish coin) doubloon.

=quadruple=, _n.f._, Spanish gold coin worth 85 francs, about $16.50.

=quadrupler= (kooa-), _v.a._, to quadruple, to quadruplicate; to increase fourfold.

=quadrupler=, _v.n._, to be quadrupled; to increase fourfold.

=quai=, _n.m._, quay, wharf. _Droit de —_; wharfage.

=quaiage=, _n.m._ _V._ =quayage=.

=quaiche=, _n.f._, (nav.) ketch.

=quaker= _or_ =quacre= (kooa-kr), _n.m._, quaker.

=quakeresse= (kooa-kres), _n.f._, quakeress.

=quakérisme= (kooa-), _n.m._, quakerism.

=qualifiable=, _adj._, that can be called, named, styled, described, termed.

=qualificateur=, _n.m._, (c.rel.) qualificator.

=qualificati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (gram.) qualifying.

=qualificatif=, _n.m._, (gram.) qualificative.

=qualification=, _n.f._, title, name; character, nature, qualification.

=qualifié=, =-e=, _part._, qualified, called, named. _Vol —_; robbery with aggravated circumstances.

=qualifier=, _v.a._, to qualify, to call; to entitle, to style, to name. _— quelqu’un de fourbe_; to call any one a knave.

_se_ =qualifier=, _v.r._, to call one’s self, to style one’s self.

=qualité=, _n.f._, quality; property; qualification, accomplishment; title, rank. _Il n’a pas les —s requises pour ce poste_; he is not qualified to fill that position. _En — de_; in the capacity of, in the character of, as. _Avoir — pour_; to be qualified to. _Avoir de la —_; to be of good quality.

=quand=, _adv._, when, whenever, what time, what period; while, whilst. _Depuis —?_ since when? _Depuis — est-il arrivé?_ since when has he arrived, _or_ how long has he been here? _Jusqu’à —?_ or _jusques à —?_ how long? till when?

=quand=, _conj._, though, although. _— même_; though, although, even if. _— même elle voudrait_; even if she were willing. _— même_; in spite of everything; through thick and thin; at any price. _— bien même_; even though. _— je le disais!_ didn’t I tell you so! what did I say! _Je le ferai — même_; I shall do it just the same, or in spite of you, etc.

=quant à=, _adv._, with regard to, as to, as for, concerning, respecting. _— à cela_; as for that. _Se mettre sur son —-à-soi_, _sur son —-à-moi_; to stand on one’s dignity. _Tenir_, or _se tenir sur_, _son —-à-soi_, or _son —-à-moi_; to assume a proud and reserved air.

=quantes=, _adj.f.pl._, only employed in the two phrases: _Toutes fois et —_, _toutes et — fois que_; whenever, as often as, (com.) on demand.

=quantième=, _n.m._, day (of the month). _Quel est le — du mois?_ what day of the month is it?

=quantitati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, quantitative.

=quantité=, _n.f._, quantity; variety; deal, number, multitude, abundance, plenty, lot.

=quantum= (koo-an-tom), _n.m._, (_—s_) quantum.

=quarantaine=, _n.f._, about forty; age of forty; quarantine. _Faire la —_; to perform quarantine. _Lever la —_; to admit to pratique. _Purger sa —_; to clear one’s quarantine. _Mettre en —_; to put into coventry.

=quarante=, _n.m._ and _adj._, forty. _Les —_; the members of the French Academy, the forty immortals. _Remettre à l’an —_; to put off till doomsday. _Je m’en moque comme de l’an —_; I don’t care two straws about it.

=quarantie= (-tî), _n.f._, tribunal of the forty (at Venice).

=quarantième= (-tièm), _n.m.f._ and _adj._, fortieth.

=quarderonner=, _v.a._, (arch.) to round off.

=quarre=, =quarré=, =quarreau=, =quarrément=, =quarrer=, =quarrure=. _V._ =carre=, =carré=, etc.

=quart= (kar), _n.m._, quarter, fourth; point (of the compass); quart (measure); (nav.) watch. _Un — d’heure_; a quarter of an hour. _Médire du tiers et du —_; to speak ill of everybody. _— de cercle_; quadrant. _Officier de —_; (nav.) officer of the watch. _Faire son —_; to do one’s watch. _— de nuit_; night-watch. _Faire bon —_; to keep a good lookout. _Le premier —_; the starboard-watch. _Bon —!_ (nav.) all’s well! _— de vent_; point of the compass. _Le — d’heure de Rabelais_; the moment of payment; the crucial moment. _Les trois —s du temps_; generally, most frequently.

=quart=, =-e=, _adj._, fourth; (med.) quartan. _Fièvre —e_; quartan ague, quartan.

=quartaine=, _adj.f._, (pop.) quartan. _Fièvre —_; quartan ague.

=quartan=, _n.m._, (hunt.) fourth year (of wild boars).

=quartanier=, _n.m._, wild boar four years old.

=quartation=, _n.f._, (metal.) quartation.

=quartaut=, _n.m._, octave (cask).

=quarte=, _n.f._, (mus.) fourth; (fenc.) quarte; (piquet) quart; ☉half gallon.

=quartenier=, _n.m._, local police officer.

=quarteron=, _n.m._, =-ne=, _n.f._, quadroon, quateron.

=quarteron=, _n.m._, the fourth part of a pound, _or_ of a hundred. _Demi-—_; the eighth part of a pound, _or_ of a hundred.

=quartidi= (koo-ar-), _n.m._, Quartidi (fourth day of the decade in the calendar of the first French republic).

=quartier= (-tié), _n.m._, quarter, fourth part; piece, part; block; quarter (of a town, of the moon); ward; district; neighborhood; flap (of a saddle); gammon (of bacon); block (of stone); (arch., her., milit., vet.) quarter; descent; study, form (in schools). _pl._, quarters. _Un — de lard_; half a flitch of bacon. _— de soulier_; quarter of a shoe. _— général_; (milit.) headquarters. _Elève du troisième —_; pupil of the third form. _De —_; (milit.) on duty. _Demander —_; to beg for quarter, for mercy. _Il ne donne point de — à ses débiteurs_; he is eternally dunning his debtors. _On n’y fait — à personne_; they spare nobody there.

=quartier-maître=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) (milit., nav.) quartermaster, second-class petty officer.

=quarto=. _V._ =in-quarto=.

=quarto= (kooar-to), _adv._, fourthly, in the fourth place.

=quartz= (kooar-tz), _n.m._, (min.) quartz.

=quartzeu-x=, =-se= (kooa-), _adj._, (min.) quartzose, quartzy.

=quasi=, _n.m._, (cook.) thick end of a loin of veal; chump, chump end.

=quasi=, _adv._, (fam.) almost, nearly; quasi.

=quasi-contrat=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (jur.) quasi contract, implied contract.

=quasi-délit=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (jur.) injury caused involuntarily.

=quasiment=, _adv._, almost, nearly, as you would say.

=quasimodo=, _n.f._, (c.rel.) Quasimodo, hunchback (in V. Hugo’s _Notre Dame_). _Dimanche de la —_; Low Sunday.

=quassia= (kooa-), _n.f._, (pharm.) quassia.

=quassier= (kooa-sié), _n.m._, (bot.) stavewood, quassia.

=quater=, _n.m._, C (numeration of houses). _V._ =ter=.

=quaternaire= (kooa-), _adj._, quaternary.

=quaterne=, _n.m._, quaternary; four winning numbers (_V._ =quine=).

=quaterné=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) quaternate.

=quatorze=, _n.m._ and _adj._, fourteen, fourteenth.

=quatorzième=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, fourteenth, fourteenth day.

=quatorzièmement=, _adv._, fourteenthly.

=quatrain=, _n.m._, quatrain.

=quatre=, _adj._, four, fourth. _Un de ces — matins_; one of these fine days. _Marcher à — pattes_; to go upon all fours. _Être tiré à — épingles_; to look as if one had just come out of a bandbox. _— à —_; four to four, four abreast; four steps at a time, in great haste, at a furious rate; (in games) four all.

=quatre=, _n.m._, four; fourth. _Se mettre en — pour quelqu’un_; to go through fire for any one. _Crier comme —_; to cry out lustily. _Faire le diable à —_; to kick up a terrible shindy; to exert one’s self to the utmost. _On le tenait à —_; it needed four men to hold him. _Je me tenais à — pour ne pas ..._; it was as much as I could do not to ... _Travailler comme —_; to work like a nigger.

=quatre-temps=, _n.m.pl._, Ember-days.

=quatre-vingtième=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, eightieth.

=quatre-vingts=, _adj._, eighty. _— millions_; eighty millions. _Ils étaient —_; there were eighty of them. _Quatre-vingt-un_; eighty-one. _Quatre-vingt-dix_; ninety. _Quatre-vingt-dix-neuf_; ninety-nine. [_Quatre-vingts_ takes no _s_ when it precedes another number. It likewise takes no _s_ when used in dates of the Christian era: _L’an mil sept cent quatre-vingt_; the year 1780.]

=quatrième=, _n.m._ and _adj._, fourth; fourth floor; pupil of the fourth class.

=quatrième=, _n.f._ and _adj._, fourth; fourth class (in schools); (piquet) quart.

=quatrièmement=, _adv._, fourthly.

=quatriennal=, =-e= (-è-n-nal), _adj._, quadrennial.

=quatrillion= (kooa-), _n.m._ _V._ =quadrillion=.

=quatuor= (kooa-), _n.m._, (_—_) (mus.) quartet, quartette.

=quayage=, _n.m._, wharfage, keyage.

=que=, _relative pron._, whom, that, which, what. _Qu’est-ce — c’est?_ what is it? _— dites-vous?_ what do you say? _— dit-on de nouveau?_ what news have you to tell us? _Il ne sait — faire_; he does not know what to do. _L’homme — vous voyez_; the man whom you see.

=que=, _conj._, that; how; how much, how many; if; as, when; unless, without; till, until; yet; lest, for fear that; in order that, for; before; since; so; than; let; because; why; only, nothing but. _J’avoue — cela est surprenant_; I confess that this is very surprising. _Afin —_; that, in order that. _De sorte —_; so that. _S’il le souhaite, et — vous le vouliez_; if he desires it, and you also wish it. _Je ne serai point content — je ne le sache_; I shall never rest content until I know it. _Attendez qu’il vienne_; wait till he comes. _Il me verrait périr, qu’il n’en serait pas touché_; even if he were to see me perish, he would not be in the least concerned. _Approchez, — je vous embrasse_; draw near, (in order) that I may kiss you. _N’approchez pas de ce chien, de peur qu’il ne vous morde_; do not go near that dog, lest he should bite you. _Il n’y a qu’une heure qu’il est parti_; he left but an hour ago. _On le régala — rien n’y manquait_; they treated him in such a way that nothing was wanting. _À peine eut-il achevé de parler qu’il expira_; he had hardly done speaking, when he expired. _Le mari est plus raisonnable — la femme_; the husband is more reasonable than the wife. _Plutôt — de le faire_; rather than do it. _Tout savant qu’il est, il a bien peu de jugement_; learned as he is, he has very little judgment. _C’est à la cour qu’on apprend à flatter_; it is at court one learns to flatter. _Qu’il parle_; let him speak. _Je vous assure — cela est ainsi_; I assure you that it is so. _Je doute — cela soit ainsi_; I doubt whether it is so. _C’est une passion dangereuse — le jeu_; gambling is a dangerous passion. _C’est être sage — de vivre ainsi_; it is acting like a wise man to live so. _C’est en vain — je me fatigue_; it is in vain that I toil and moil. _C’est — je ne savais pas — vous y étiez_; the fact is I did not know that you were there. _Il y a dix ans — je l’aime_; I have loved her these last ten years. _Je ne suis pas si fou — de le croire_; I am not such a fool as to believe it. _Il est tout autre — vous ne disiez_; he is quite different from what you said. _— Dieu vous bénisse_; God bless you. _— j’agisse contre ma conscience!_ ask me to act against my conscience! _— vous aimez à parler!_ how fond you are of talking! _Qu’elle est grande!_ how tall she is! _Qu’il y a de sots dans le monde!_ what a lot of fools there are in the world! _Le malheureux qu’il est!_ wretch that he is! _— ne parlez-vous?_ why do you not speak? _— ne fait-il pas pour s’enrichir?_ what does he not do to grow rich? _— ne puis-je vous rendre service!_ would to God that I could serve you! _— n’ai-je le temps!_ oh, that I had the time! _Je ne sors point — je ne m’enrhume_; I never go out without catching cold. _Je n’ai — faire de_; I have no business with, I have nothing to do with; I have no need of. _Je n’ai — faire de vous dire_; I need not tell you. _Il ne fait — boire et manger_; he does nothing but eat and drink. _Nous ne faisons — de commencer_; we are only just beginning. _Je dis — oui_; I say yes. _Il croit — non_; he thinks not. _Je gage — si_; I bet you it is so. _Allez, sot — vous êtes_; go, blockhead that you are. _Le moyen — je souffre cela?_ how can I bear that? _Ce n’est pas trop — cela_; that’s not too much. _Ce — c’est que la vie!_ what a strange thing life is! _La belle chose — d’être riche!_ how nice it is to be rich!

=quel=, =-le=, _adj._, what. _— homme est-ce?_ what sort of a man is he? _—le heure est-il?_ what o’clock is it? _—le pitié!_ what a pity! _le taille!_ what a figure! _—le que soit votre intention_; whatever your intention may be. _— qu’il soit_; whatever he be, whoever he be, whatever it is. _Tel —_; indifferent, so so.

=quelconque=, _adj._, whatever, any; any whatsoever. _D’une manière —_; in any way whatever, anyhow. _Une raison —_; any reason whatever.

☉=quellement= (kèl-mān), _adv._ _Tellement —_; indifferently, so so.

=quelque=, _adj._, some, any, a few, odd; whatever, whatsoever. _Adressez-vous à — autre_; apply to somebody else. _— jour_; some day or other. _Il y a —s années_; some years ago. _J’ai —s amis dans cette ville_; I have a few friends in this town. _— part_; somewhere. _— peu d’argent_; some little money. _—s efforts que vous fassiez_; whatever efforts you make. _En — lieu qu’il soit_; wherever he is. _En — temps que ce soit_; at any time.

=quelque=, _adv._, however, howsoever; some, about. _— riches qu’ils soient_; however rich they may be. _— centaines de livres_; a few hundred pounds. _— cent francs_; about a hundred francs.

=quelquefois=, _adv._, sometimes.

=quelques-uns=, _n.m.pl._, =-unes=, _n.f.pl._, some, some people; any; a few.

=quelqu’un=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, somebody, some one; anybody, any one.

=quémander=, _v.n._, to beg, to beg for, to go a-begging, to solicit.

=quémanderie=, _n.f._, begging, solicitation.

=quémandeu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, importunate beggar.

=qu’en-dira-t-on=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) public talk, tittle-tattle. _Se moquer du —_; to ignore what people say.

=quenelle=, _n.f._, (cook.) forcemeat ball.

=quenotte=, _n.f._, (fam.) tooth (of young children).

*=quenouille=, _n.f._, distaff; bed-post; tree cut in the form of a distaff. _— de lit_; bedpost. _A —s_; four-post. _En —_; like a distaff. _Tomber en —_; to fall to the female line. _Coiffer une —_; to cover a distaff.

*=quenouillée=, _n.f._, distaff-ful.

*=quenouillette=, _n.f._, a small distaff; (bot.) distaff-thistle. _—s de la poupe_; (nav.) stern-timbers.

=quérable=, _adj._, (jur.) demandable (of a debt).

=quercitron=, _n.m._, (bot.) quercitron.

=querelle=, _n.f._, quarrel, quarreling, row, brawl, broil, wrangling. _— d’Allemand_; groundless quarrel. _Faire une — à_; to quarrel with. _Chercher — à_; to pick a quarrel with. _Vider une —_; to settle a quarrel. _Susciter une — à_; to raise a quarrel. _Ne pas épouser une —_; not to take up any one’s quarrel.

=quereller=, _v.a._, to quarrel with, to pick a quarrel with, to scold.

_se_ =quereller=, _v.r._, to quarrel, to wrangle, to have words.

=quereller=, _v.n._, to quarrel, to wrangle.

=querelleu-r=, =-se=, _adj._ and _n._, quarrelsome; quarreler, wrangler.

☉=quérir=, _v.a._, to fetch. [Only employed in the infinitive with _aller_, _envoyer_, _venir_.] _Aller —_; to go and fetch. _Envoyer —_; to send for.

=questeur= (kuès-), _n.m._, questor.

=question= (kès-tion), _n.f._, question, interrogation; query, rack, torture; point, issue; (jur.) issue; question (torture). _Faire une —_; to ask a question. _De quoi est-il —?_ what’s the matter? _Résoudre une —_; to solve a question. _Sortir de la —_; to wander from the question. _Si c’est une — à faire_; if it is a fair question. _Il est — de_; it is in contemplation to (_i.e._ intended to). _Après cela il fut — de moi_; then my affair came up. _Mettre en —_; to question; to call in question, to doubt. _Mettre à la —_; to put to the rack, to torture.

=questionnaire= (kès-tio-nèr), _n.m._, examination questions; book of questions; torturer, tormentor.

=questionner= (kès-tio-né), _v.a._, to question, to interrogate; to ask questions.

=questionneu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, questioner, querist. _adj._, inquisitive.

=questure= (kuès-), _n.f._, questorship; questors’ office.

=quête=, _n.f._, quest, search, collection, offertory, gathering; (hunt.) beating about; (nav.) rake. _Se mettre en — de_; to go in quest of.

=quêter=, _v.a._ and _n._, to go in quest, _or_ search, of; to gather _or_ collect; to beg, _or_ ask, for; to make a collection; to canvass; (hunt.) to search.

=quêteu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, collector, gatherer, mendicant (friar).

=queue= (keû), _n.f._, tail; stalk, stem; (l.u.) hone; hogshead; end, extremity; rear; (of documents) label; billiard-cue; handle (of a frying-pan, of mills); train (of robes, gowns); file, string (of persons). _—-d’aronde_, (_—s-—_) (carp.) dovetail. _—-de-chat cirrus_; curl-cloud; mare’s tail. _— écourtée_; bobtail. _—-de-cheval_, (_—s-—_) (bot.) horse-tail. _—-de lion_, (_—s-—_) (bot.) lion’s-tail; motherwort. _—-de-pourceau_; (bot.) hog’s-fennel. _Demi-—_, (_—s-—_) half a hogshead. _La — d’un paon_; a peacock’s train. _La — d’une robe_; the train of a gown. _— de moulin_; mill-handle. _— de poêle_; handle of a frying-pan. _La — de l’armée_; the rear of the army. _Avoir les ennemis en —_; to have the enemy at one’s heels. _Il est à la —_; he is behind, at the bottom of the class. _Faire —_; to stand in a line. _Faire la — à_; to take in, to deceive. _On fait — au théâtre_; there is a crowd at the doors. _À —-d’aronde_; (carp.) dovetailed. _À la — leu leu_, _V._ =leu=. _Faire fausse —_; to miscue (billiards).

=queussi-queumi=, _adv._, neither more nor less, neither better nor worse, just the same.

=queuter=, _v.n._, to strike two balls at once, _or_ together; to make a foul stroke.

=queux= _or_ =queue= (keû), _n.f._, hone, whetstone.

☉=queux=, _n.m._, cook. _Grand —_, _maître —_; head cook; restaurateur.

=qui=, _relative pron._, who, whoever, whom, whomsoever, which, that; what; some. _L’homme — pense_; the man who thinks. _Les chevaux — tirent_; the horses that draw. _De — parle-t-il?_ whom is he speaking of? _À — est ce livre?_ whose book is this? _Dites-moi —_; tell me who. _Je ne sais pas —_; I don’t know who. _C’est à — l’aura_; it is to who will have it. _C’était à —_; they vied with one another as to who. _— pis est_; what is worse. _— plus est_; what is more. _Je sais — vous voulez dire_; I know whom you mean. _— est là?_ who’s there? _— d’entre vous oserait?_ which of you would dare? _Ils étaient dispersés — çà, — là_; they were dispersed some one way, some another. _— que ce soit_, _— que ce puisse être_; whoever, whosoever it be. _Je n’ai vu — que ce soit_; I saw nobody, not a soul. _Il ne se défiait de — que ce fût_; he mistrusted nobody. _— que ce soit, il s’en repentira_; let him be who he will, he shall rue it. _À — est-ce à?_ whose turn is it to? _À — est?_ whose is? _or_ to whom is? _À — le tour?_ whose turn is it? _Pour — connaît_; to any one who knows. _— s’excuse, s’accuse_; a guilty conscience needs no accuser.

=quia= (kui-a), _adv._, (l.u.) naught. _Être à —_; to be at a loss, to be at a stand, to be nonplused. _Mettre à —_; to nonplus, to silence.

=quibus= (kui-bus), _n.m._, (pop.) property, wealth, needful cash, tin. _Avoir du —_; to be flush of money.

=quiconque= (ki-kōnk), pron., whoever, whosoever; whomsoever, whichever.

=quida-m= (ki-dān), _n.m._, =-ne= (ki-da-n), _n.f._, (jur.) quidam; a certain individual; a certain person, one, some fellow.

=quiddité= (kuid-di-té), _n.f._, quiddity.

=quiescence=, _n.f._, quiescence.

=quiescent=, =-e= (kui-), _adj._, quiescent.

=quiétisme=, _n.m._, quietism (the doctrine of).

=quiétiste=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, quietist.

=quiétude=, _n.f._, quietude.

*=quignon=, _n.m._, (fam.) hunch (large piece).

☉*=quillage=, _n.m._, keelage. _V._ =ancrage=.

*=quille=, _n.f._, skittle, nine-pin; (nav.) keel. _Jeu de —s_; game of skittles, set of skittles; skittle-ground _or_ alley. _Donner à quelqu’un son sac et ses —s_; to send any one packing. _Recevoir quelqu’un comme un chien dans un jeu de —s_; to receive any one like a dog. _Trousser ses —s_; to cut one’s sticks.

*=quiller=, _v.n._, to throw for partners, _or_ for first play (at skittles).

*=quillette=, _n.f._, osier cutting.

*=quillier=, _n.m._, skittle-ground.

*=quilloir=, _n.m._, (nav.) reel-stick.

*=quillon=, _n.m._, cross-bar (of a sword).

=quina=, _n.m._ _V._ =quinquina=.

=quinaire=, _n.m._, (antiq.) quinarius.

=quinaire= (kui-), _adj._, (math.) quinary.

☉=quinaud=, =-e=, _adj._ _V._ =penaud=.

*=quincaille=, _n.f._, ironmongery, hardware; (fig.) trash, gimcrack.

*=quincaillerie=, _n.f._, ironmongery, hardware.

*=quincaillier=, _n.m._, ironmonger, hardwareman.

=quinconce=, _n.m._, quincunx.

=quindécagone= (kuin-), _n.m._, (geom.) quindecagon.

=quindécemvir= (kuin-dé-sèm-vir), _n.m._, quindecemvir.

=quindécemvirat=, _n.m._, quindecemvirate.

=quine=, _n.m._, two fives (trictrac); five winning numbers (in a lottery). _Avoir la —_; to be in for (anything). _Gagner la —_; to win the big prize.

=quinine=, _n.f._, quinine.

=quinola=, _n.m._, knave of hearts (reversi).

=quinquagénaire= (kuin-koua-), _n.m.f._ and _adj._, person fifty years old; fifty years old.

=quinquagésime= (kuin-koua-), _n.f._, Quinquagesima.

☉=quinque= (kuin-kué), _n.m._, (mus.) quintet.

=quinquédenté=, =-e= (kuin-kué-), _adj._, (bot.) quinquedentate.

=quinquennal=, =-e= (kuin-kuèn-nal), _adj._, quinquennial.

☉=quinquennium=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) a five years’ course of philosophy and theology.

=quinquenove=, _n.m._, a game at dice.

=quinquerce= (kuin-kuèrs), _n.m._, (antiq.) quinquertium.

=quinquérème= (kuin-kué-), _n.f._, (nav.) quinquereme.

=quinquet=, _n.m._, Argand lamp; lamp, common oil lamp.

=quinquina=, _n.m._, quinquina; Peruvian bark; (bot.) cinchona; tonic wine, appetizer.

=quint=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (l.u.) fifth. _Charles-—_; Charles the Fifth. _Sixte-—_; Sixtus the Fifth.

=quintaine=, _n.f._, (man.) quintain.

=quintal=, _n.m._, quintal, hundred-weight.

=quintan=, _n.m._, (man.) quintain (to tilt at).

=quintane=, _adj._, quintan, of five days (of fevers).

=quinte=, _n.f._, (mus.) fifth; quint (piquet); fit (of coughing); freak, whim; (fenc.) quinte; tenor violin; (man.) dead stop.

=quinte=, _adj.f._, of five days (of fevers). _Fièvre —_; a five-day fever. _V._ =quintane=.

*=quintefeuille=, _n.f._, (bot.) cinque-foil.

=quintessence=, _n.f._, quintessence; marrow; (fig.) pith; essential part.

=quintessencier=, _v.a._, to draw the quintessence out of; to refine, to be critical; to subtilize.

=quintette= (kuin-tèt), _n.m._, (mus.) quintet, quintette.

=quinteu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, fanciful, whimsical; crotchety; making dead stops, jibbing (of a horse).

=quintidi= (kuin-), _n.m._, Quintidi (fifth day of the decade in the calendar of the first French republic).

=quintillion=, _n.m._, trillion.

=quintuple= (kuin-), _n.m._ and _adj._, quintuple, fivefold.

=quintupler= (kuin-), _v.a._, to quintuple, to increase fivefold.

=quinzain=, _n.m._, fifteen each (at tennis).

=quinzaine=, _n.f._, about fifteen; fortnight.

=quinze=, _n.m._ and _adj._, fifteen; fifteenth. _— jours_; fortnight. _D’aujourd’hui en —_; this day fortnight. _Il y a eu hier — jours_; yesterday fortnight. _Il y a eu Dimanche — jours_; last Sunday fortnight. _De Lundi en —_; next Monday fortnight. _Les —-vingts_; Quinze-Vingts, hospital in Paris (for three hundred blind men). _Un —-vingts_; an inmate of Quinze-Vingts.

=quinzième=, _n.m._ and _adj._, fifteenth; fifteenth day; (mus.) fifteenth.

=quinzièmement=, _adv._, fifteenthly, in the fifteenth place.

=quiproquo=, _n.m._, (_—s_) quid pro quo, mistake, blunder.

=quittance=, _n.f._, receipt, discharge. _— pour solde de compte_; receipt in full.

=quittancer=, _v.a._, to receipt.

=quitte=, _adj._, discharged (from debt); quit, quits, clear; free, rid. _Jouer à — ou double_; to play double or quits. _Tenir —_; to release, to disengage. _Je suis — d’un grand embarras_; I am rid of a great deal of trouble. _Je vous tiens — de votre parole_; I release you from your word. _Vous n’en serez pas — à si bon marché_; you shall not come off so cheaply. _Il en fut — pour la peur_; he got off with a good fright. _J’irai — à être grondé_; I shall go, even if I get scolded. _Être — envers quelqu’un_; to owe no one anything; to be even with any one.

=quittement=, _adv._, (jur.) entirely, without debt or incumbrance.

=quitter=, _v.a._, to quit, to leave, to part with; to leave off, to take off; to lay aside, to desist from; to give up, to give over; to depart (life). _Je vous quitte pour un instant_; I leave you for a moment. _— père et mère_; to leave father and mother. _— ses habits_; to take off one’s clothes. _— une charge_; to give up a post. _J’aime mieux — que disputer_; I would rather give up than wrangle (over it). _Il a quitté le service_; he has left the service. _— le commerce_; to give up business. _— la chasse_; to give up hunting. _— la partie_; to give up the game. _Qui quitte la partie la perd_; who leaves off the game, loses. _Ne pas — des yeux_; not to take one’s eyes off.

=quitus= (kui-tus), _n.m._, (_—_) (fin.) discharge.

=qui va là?= _or_ =qui-va-là=, _n.m._, who goes there? _Avoir réponse à —_; to be stopped by no difficulty; to have an answer always ready.

=qui vive?= _or_ =qui-vive=, _n.m._, (milit.) challenge-word; who goes there? _Être sur le —_; to keep a good look-out; to be on the qui vive, _or_ on the alert.

=quoailler=, _v.n._, (of a horse) to swish its tail.

=quoi=, _pron._, which, what. _— que vous disiez_; whatever you may say, in short, to speak plainly; of course, to be sure. _Dites-moi en — je puis vous servir_; tell me in what way I can serve you. _C’est en — vous vous trompez_; you are mistaken in that. _À — passez-vous le temps?_ how do you spend your time? _À — bon tant de façons?_ why so much ceremony? _À propos de —?_ on what occasion? with respect to what? _Avoir de —_; (pop.) to be rich. _Il n’y a pas de —_; it is not worth mentioning; don’t mention it! _— qu’il en soit_; be that as it may. _Nous avons de — le faire_; we have the means to do it. _Avoir de —_; to have sufficient. _Il n’y a pas de — pleurer_; it is not worth crying about. _Il n’y a pas de — rire_; it is no laughing matter. _Le je ne sais —_; the “indescribable” something.

=quoi!= _int._, what! how! _—, vous avez fait cela?_ what! have you done that? _— donc, vous osez me résister en face!_ how then! dare you resist me openly?

=quoi-que=, _conj._, whatever.

=quoique=, _conj._, although, though. _Quoiqu’il soit pauvre_; although he is poor.

=quolibet=, _n.m._, quibble, pun, sorry joke.

=quote-part=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) quota, portion, share, contribution.

=quotidien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _adj._, daily, quotidian. _Notre pain —_; our daily bread; (fig.) our daily custom, our daily round.

=quotidiennement=, _adv._, daily.

=quotient=, _n.m._, (arith.) quotient.

=quotité=, _n.f._, quota, portion, share.

R

=r= (èr), _n.f._, (re), _n.m._, the eighteenth letter of the alphabet, r.

=rabâchage=, _n.m._, tautology; tiresome repetition; rigmarole.

=rabâcher=, _v.n._ and _a._, (fam.) to make tiresome repetitions, to repeat the same thing over and over again.

=rabâcherie= (-bâ-shrî), _n.f._, eternal repetition.

=rabâcheu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, eternal repeater; twaddler.

=rabais=, _n.m._, abatement, reduction, diminution; reduced price, allowance, fall; lowest tender. _Vendre_, _donner_, _au —_; to sell at reduced prices. _Être au —_; to have fallen in price. _Il les a pris au —_; he has taken them by contract. _Vente au —_; selling off, sale.

=rabaissement= (-bès-mān), _n.m._, fall, depreciation, diminution in value; (fig.) humiliation, contempt.

=rabaisser=, _v.a._, to lower; to abate, to diminish, to lessen; to depreciate, to humble; to disparage; to bring down, to put down. _— sa voix_; to lower one’s voice. _— les monnaies_; to depreciate the coin. _— les taxes_; to lower the taxes. _— l’orgueil de quelqu’un_; to humble any one’s pride.

=raban=, _n.m._, (nav.) rope-band, gasket, knittle.

=rabanner=, _v.a._, (nav.) to fit a sail with rope-bands and earings.

=rabat=, _n.m._, band (for the neck), bands; end of the roof (of a tennis-court); beating about (for game).

=rabat-joie=, _n.m._, (_—_) damper, wet blanket, mar-joy, spoil-sport. _C’est un —_; he is a regular wet blanket, _or_ spoil-sport.

=rabattage=, _n.m._, cutting down, pressing down.

=rabattre=, _v.a._, to bring down, to lower, to beat down, to pull _or_ cut down, to turn _or_ press down, to lay; to abate, to diminish, to deduct; to humble; to revoke. Le vent rabat la fumée; the wind beats down the smoke. _— un coup_; to ward off a blow. _Il n’en veut rien —_; he won’t abate an inch of it, he won’t come down a peg. _— l’orgueil de quelqu’un_; to bring down _or_ lower any one’s pride. _— le gibier_; to beat up the game. _En —_; to take off; (fig.) to come down a peg or two. _— le caquet à quelqu’un_; to take any one down a peg.

_se_ =rabattre=, _v.r._, to beat down; to turn off, to change one’s road; to fall back upon, to come down, to lower one’s pretensions; to limit one’s self.

=rabattre=, _v.n._, to turn under; to turn off; to change (one’s) direction or route.

=rabattue=, _n.f._, (nav.) drift-rail.

=rabbaniste=, _n.m._ _V._ =rabbiniste=.

=rabbi= _or_ =rabbin=, _n.m._, rabbi, rabbin. _Grand —_; chief rabbi.

=rabbinage=, _n.m._, rabbinism.

=rabbinique=, _adj._, rabbinical.

=rabbinisme=, _n.m._, rabbinism.

=rabbiniste= _or_ =rabbaniste=, _n.m._, rabbinist.

=rabdologie=, _n.f._, rhabdology.

=rabdomancie= _or_ ☉=rabdomance=, _n.f._, rhabdomancy.

=rabes=, _n.f.pl._, hard roe (of cod).

=rabêtir=, _v.a._ and _n._, to stupefy; to make dull, _or_ stupid; to grow dull, _or_ stupid.

=rabette=, _n.f._, rape; rape-seed.

=rabiole=, _n.f._ _V._ =rave=.

=rabique= _or_ =rabeique=, _adj._, (med.) hydrophobic; of rabies, rabid.

=râble=, _n.m._, back of a hare, _or_ rabbit; (tech.) rake, poker, stirrer; (b.s.) back (of a person).

=râbler=, _v.a._, to rake, to poke, to scrape.

=râblu=, =-e=, _adj._, thick-backed (of a hare, _or_ rabbit); (pers.) broad-backed, strong-backed; (fig.) hardy, vigorous.

=râblure=, _n.f._, (nav.) rabbet, channel. _— de la quille_; rabbet of the keel.

_se_ =rabonnir=, _v.r._, to improve.

=rabot=, _n.m._, plane; beater (to move lime); road-scraper. _Passer le — sur_; to plane, to polish.

=rabotage=, _n.m._, (carp.) planing.

=raboter=, _v.a._ and _n._, to plane, to smooth with a plane; to polish.

=raboteur=, _n.m._, planer, molding-worker.

=raboteu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, knotty, rough; rugged, cragged, craggy; uneven, (fig.) harsh, jagged (of style). _Un chemin —_; an uneven road.

=rabougri=, =-e=, _part._, stunted. _Un petit homme —_; a small, stunted fellow _or_ man.

=rabougrir=, _v.a._, to stunt.

_se_ =rabougrir=, _v.r._, to become, _or_ grow, stunted.

*=rabouillère=, _n.f._, rabbit’s nest, _or_ hole; (fig.) corner, spot (in Rabelais).

=raboutir=, _v.a._, to piece, to join end to end, to join on.

=rabrouer=, _v.a._, to snub, to pull up short; to chide, to rebuke.

=rabroueu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, snappish person, scold.

=racage=, _n.m._, (nav.) parrel. _Pommes de —_; trucks of a parrel. _Bigots de —_; ribs of a parrel. _Bâtard de —_; parrel-rope. _Drosse de —_; parrel-truss.

=racahout=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) racahout (a nutritious fecula).

*=racaille=, _n.f._, rabble, riffraff; rubbish, trash.

=racambeau=, _n.m._, (nav.) traveler, jib-iron.

=racastillage=, _n.m._, (nav.) repair of the upper works.

=racastiller=, _v.a._, to repair the upper works (of a vessel).

=raccommodage=, _n.m._, mending, repairing, darning.

=raccommodement= (-mod-mān), _n.m._, reconciliation, reconcilement.

=raccommoder=, _v.a._, to mend, to repair; to piece, to patch, to botch; to adjust, to set right; to improve, to correct; to reconcile, to make friends again; to darn. _Faire — quelque chose_; to have anything mended. _On les a raccommodés_; they have been reconciled.

_se_ =raccommoder=, _v.r._, to be mended; (of persons) to be reconciled; to make it up again. _Le mari et la femme se sont raccommodés_; the husband and wife are friends again, _or_ have made it up again.

=raccommodeu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, mender, patcher.

=raccord=, _n.m._, joining, fitting, junction; union; piece, patch.

=raccordement=, _n.m._, (arch.) leveling; union, junction; mending, patching.

=raccorder=, _v.a._, to join, to unite, to adjust, to connect, to level; to piece, to patch; (of instruments) to tune again.

=raccourci=, =-e=, _part._, shortened, abbreviated; too short. _À bras —s_; with might and main.

=raccourci=, _n.m._, epitome, abridgment, short cut; (paint.) foreshortening. _En —_; abridged, briefly; (persp.) foreshortened; (fig.) in miniature. _Prendre au —_; to take a short cut.

=raccourcir=, _v.a._, to shorten, to make shorter; to contract, to bend; to curtail; to abbreviate, to abridge; (persp.) to foreshorten.

_se_ =raccourcir=, _v.r._, to shorten; to grow, _or_ become, shorter; to contract one’s self; to shrink.

=raccourcir=, _v.n._, to shorten; to become shorter; to shrink, to contract.

=raccourcissement= (-sis-mān), _n.m._, shortening, contraction, curtailment, abridgment; shrinking; foreshortening.

=raccours=, _n.m._, shrinking.

=raccoutrement=, _n.m._, mending (of clothes).

=raccoutrer=, _v.a._, to mend, to sew up.

_se_ =raccoutumer=, _v.r._, to reaccustom one’s self (to), to get used (to) again.

=raccroc= (ra-kro), _n.m._, chance, lucky hit; (at billiards) fluke. _Coup de —_; lucky stroke, fluke.

=raccrocher=, _v.a._, to hook again; to hang up again; to recover, to get again, to get hold of, to pick up. _Raccrochez ce tableau_; hang up this picture again. _— son argent_; to recover one’s money. _Si je pouvais — cela!_ if I could only bring that off! _Raccroché à Londres_; (of persons) picked up in London.

_se_ =raccrocher=, _v.r._, to cling; to adhere; to retrieve one’s losses, to recover one’s self; to catch, _or_ snatch, at. _Se — à une chose_; to cling to anything.

=raccrocher=, _v.n._, to fluke. _Il ne fait que —_; he does nothing but fluke.

=raccrocheuse=, _n.f._, (pop.) street-walker.

=race=, _n.f._, race; stock, breed; family, line, ancestry; (agri.) variety. _Un cheval de —_; a thorough-bred horse. _Ce chien est de bonne —_; this dog is of a good breed, is pure-bred. _Croiser les —s_; to cross the breeds. _— de vipères_; generation of vipers. _La — future_; future ages. _Les bons chiens chassent de —_; it runs in the blood. _Cette fille chasse de —_; that girl is a flirt like her mother. _Faire —_; to breed.

=rachat=, _n.m._, repurchase, redemption, recovery, ransom. _Vendre à faculté de —_; to sell with power of redemption. _— de bans_; (marriage) license.

=rachetable= (rash-tabl), _adj._, redeemable.

=racheter= (rash-té), _v.a._, to buy back, to buy again, to repurchase; to ransom, to buy off, to redeem; to compensate, to make up for; to atone, to atone for. _— une rente_; to redeem an annuity. _— les prisonniers_; to ransom the prisoners. _— ses vices par ses vertus_; to atone for one’s vices by one’s virtues.

_se_ =racheter=, _v.r._, to redeem one’s self; to be compensated, to be made up for.

=racheu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, knotty (of wood).

=rachever= (rash-vé), _v.a._, (pop.) to finish (anything begun).

=rachidien=, =-ne= (-in, -èn), _adj._, (anat.) spinal, vertebral.

=rachis= (ra-shis), _n.m._, (anat.) spinal, vertebral column, spine; (bot.) stalk.

=rachitique=, _adj._, (med.) rickety; (bot.) blighted, stunted, knotty.

=rachitique=, _n.m.f._, rickety person, person suffering from rickets.

=rachitis= (-tis), _n.m._, rachitis; rickets.

=rachitisme=, _n.m._, rachitis; rickets; (agri.) white blight.

=racinage=, _n.m._, esculent roots, root-crops; (dy.) walnut dye (of walnut peel).

=racinal=, _n.m._, (carp.) beam, sleeper; sole; sill.

=racine=, _n.f._, root; (fig.) beginning, principle, origin. _Fruits pendants par les —s_; standing crops. _— carrée_; (arith.) square root. _— cubique_; cube root. _Prendre —_; to take root.

=raciner=, _v.n._, to strike root.

=raciner=, _v.a._, to dye with roots, to root-figure.

=racinien=, =-ne=, _adj._, Racinian, of _or_ after Racine.

=rack=, _n.m._, arrack, rack (liquor). _V._ =arack=.

=râclage=, _n.m._, scraping, thinning.

=râcle=, _n.f._, (nav.) scraper (used to clean a ship’s side, deck, etc.).

=râcle-boyau=, _n.m._, (_—_) catgut-scraper, fiddler.

=râclée=, _n.f._, scraping; (pop.) beating, drubbing, whacking, thrashing, hiding.

=râcler=, _v.a._, to scrape, to scrape off; to strike (a measure); to strum, to thrum. _— le boyau_; to scrape the fiddle.

=râcleur=, _n.m._, catgut-scraper; strummer (on the piano, etc.).

=râcloir=, _n.m._, scraper, road-scraper.

=râcloire=, _n.f._, strike (of measures).

=râclon=, _n.m._, scraped-mud (for manure).

=râclure=, _n.f._, scrapings.

=racolage=, _n.m._, recruiting, enlisting, crimping, impressing.

=racoler=, _v.a._, to entice men to enlist, to crimp, to enlist; (fig.) to pick up.

=racoleur=, _n.m._, crimp; recruiting sergeant.

=racontable=, _adj._, relatable.

=racontage= _or_ =racontar=, _n.m._, gossip, tittle-tattle, idle tales.

=raconter=, _v.a._, to relate, to tell, to narrate, to recount.

=raconteu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, relater, story-teller, narrator.

=racornir=, _v.a._, to make as hard as horn; to make hard, to harden; to dry up, to shrivel, to shrivel up.

_se_ =racornir=, _v.r._, to grow hard, to harden; to shrivel, to shrivel up, to dry up.

=racornissement= (-nis-mān), _n.m._, hardening, shriveling, drying up.

=racquit=, _n.m._, winning back.

=racquitter=, _v.a._, to win back again; to indemnify, to recoup.

_se_ =racquitter=, _v.r._, to win back again; to retrieve one’s losses, to recoup one’s self.

=rade=, _n.f._, (nav.) roads, roadstead. _— foraine_; open roadstead. _Grande —_; outer roads. _Petite —_; inner roads. _Vaisseau en —_; roadster. _Aller en —_; to go into the roads.

=radeau=, _n.m._, raft.

=rader=, _v.a._, (nav.) to anchor in a roadstead; to strike (a measure). _— un vaisseau_; to anchor a ship in a roadstead.

=radeur=, _n.m._, salt-measurer.

=radiaire=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (zoöl.) radiary; radiated. _—s_; radiata.

=radial=, =-e=, _adj._, (anat., geom.) radial.

=radiance=, _n.f._, radiance, radiancy; luster.

=radiant=, =-e=, _adj._, radiant.

=radiation=, _n.f._, radiation, irradiation; obliteration, erasure, crossing out, striking out.

=radical=, =-e=, _adj._, radical.

=radical=, _n.m._, radical; root.

=radicalement= (-kal-mān), _adv._, radically.

=radicalisme=, _n.m._, radicalism.

=radicant=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) radicant.

=radication=, _n.f._, radication.

=radicelle=, _n.f._, (bot.) radicle.

=radicule=, _n.f._, (bot.) radicle.

=radié=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) radiant, radiated, stellated; (her.) radiant.

=radier=, _n.m._, (arch.) inverted arch; floor (of a lock on a canal); apron (of docks, of basins); radish-plate.

=radier=, _v.a._, to strike out, to cross out.

=radieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, radiant, beaming, shining, blazing.

=radiomètre=, _n.m._, (astron.) radiometer.

=radis=, _n.m._, radish.

=radius= (-us), _n.m._, (anat.) radius.

=radoire=, _n.f._, strike (of measures).

=radotage=, _n.m._, nonsense, idle talk, drivel; dotage.

=radoter=, _v.n._, to rave, to dote, to talk idly, to wander, to talk drivel.

=radoterie= (ra-do-trî), _n.f._ _V._ =radotage=.

=radoteu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, dotard, driveler. _Vieille —se_; trifling old woman.

=radoub= (-doob), _n.m._, (nav.) repair, refitting of a ship, graving. _Cale de —_; graving slip. _Forme de —_; graving dock. _Vaisseau en —_; ship undergoing repairs. _Mettre au —_; to lay up (a vessel).

=radouber=, _v.a._, (nav.) to refit, to repair, to recalk.

_se_ =radouber=, _v.r._, (nav.) to be repaired.

=radoubeur=, _n.m._, (nav.) calker.

=radouci=, _part._ _adj._, softened, subdued.

=radoucir=, _v.a._, to soften, to make milder, to appease, to pacify, to mitigate, to allay.

_se_ =radoucir=, _v.r._, to soften, to grow milder, to become milder, to get milder; to grow soft, to become soft, to get soft; to subside, to be appeased, to be pacified; to relent, to relax, to soften down. _Le temps se radoucit_; it is getting milder _or_ better weather.

=radoucissement= (-sis-mān), _n.m._, softening, getting milder (of the weather); mitigation, allaying, appeasement, improvement.

=rafale=, _n.f._, (nav.) squall.

=rafalé=, _adj._, caught in a squall; (pop. & fig.) hard up, up a tree.

=raffe=, _n.f._ _V._ =rafle=.

=raffermir=, _v.a._, to harden, to make firm; to fasten; to establish, to confirm, to settle, to secure, to fortify, to strengthen. _Cet événement raffermit son autorité_; that event strengthened his authority. _— le courage de quelqu’un_; to give heart to any one.

_se_ =raffermir=, _v.r._, to grow stronger, to gather strength; to be established, to become established, to consolidate; to be confirmed, to become confirmed; to improve. _Sa santé se raffermit_; his health is improving.

=raffermissement= (-mis-mān), _n.m._, hardening, strengthening; confirmation, establishment, fastening, securing, consolidation, improvement.

=raffinade=, _n.f._, best refined sugar.

=raffinage=, _n.m._, refining.

=raffiné=, _n.m._, fashionable rake.

=raffiné=, =-e=, _adj._, refined, delicate; keen, sharp, subtle, clever, consummate.

=raffinement= (ra-fi-n-mān), _n.m._, refinement, affected nicety.

=raffiner=, _v.a._, to refine.

_se_ =raffiner=, _v.r._, to refine, to be refined, to become refined.

=raffiner=, _v.n._, to refine. _— sur le point d’honneur_; to be over-nice upon the point of honor.

=raffinerie= (ra-fi-n-rî), _n.f._, refinery; sugar-refinery, refining.

=raffineur=, _n.m._, refiner. _— de sucre_; sugar-refiner, sugar-baker.

=raffoler=, _v.n._, to dote (upon), to be passionately fond (of), to be distractedly in love (with). _Il raffole de cette femme_; he is madly in love, _or_ infatuated, with that woman.

=raffolir=, _v.n._, (l.u.) to become mad, to go mad. _V._ =affoler=.

=rafistolage=, _n.m._, patching up, mending.

=rafistoler=, _v.a._, (fam.) to mend clothes, to patch up, to make new.

=rafle=, =raffe=, _or_ =râpe=, _n.f._, grape-stalk stripped of all its fruit; (dice) pair-royal. _Faire —_; (fam.) to sweep off the stakes; to sweep off everything, to make a clean sweep.

=rafler=, _v.a._, (fam.) to sweep away, to sweep off, to carry off.

☉=raflouer=, _v.a._, (nav.). _V._ =renflouer=.

=rafraîchir=, _v.a._, to cool; to refresh, to restore, to invigorate, to repair, to recruit, to renew, to freshen, to freshen up, to renovate, to rub up, to crop, to cut, to trim (cut the ends of); (milit.) to relieve; to rest. _— du vin_; to cool wine. _— le sang_; to refresh the blood. _— un tableau_; to clean up, or freshen up, a picture. _— une tapisserie_; to restore a piece of tapestry. _— les cheveux_; to clip the hair. _— la mémoire_; to refresh one’s memory. _— une muraille_; to repair a wall. _— une place_; to supply a garrison with fresh men and provisions. _Ces troupes sont fatiguées, il faut les mettre dans de bons quartiers pour les —_; these troops are worn out, they must be sent into good quarters to rest. _— la mémoire à quelqu’un_; to remind any one of a thing.

_se_ =rafraîchir=, _v.r._, to cool, to grow cool, to become cool; to take refreshment, to refresh one’s self; to be refreshed; to recruit one’s self; to recruit one’s strength, to rest one’s self. _Venez vous rafraîchir_; come and take some refreshment. _Le vent se rafraîchit_; the wind is freshening.

=rafraîchir=, _v.n._, to cool, to become cool; to be refreshing.

=rafraîchissant=, =-e=, _adj._, cooling, refreshing, refrigerative.

=rafraîchissant=, _n.m._, (med.) cooling medicine.

=rafraîchissement= (-shis-mān), _n.m._, cooling; cooling effect. _pl._, refreshments; provisions, supplies. _Faire les —s_; (nav.) to take in fresh provisions.

=rafraîchisseur=, _adj._, cooling, refrigerative.

=rafraîchissoir=, _n.m._, cooler, refrigerator.

*=ragaillardir=, _v.a._, to make merry, to render merry, to render cheerful, to enliven, to cheer, to cheer up, to give a fillip to.

=rage=, _n.f._, (med.) rage, fury, incensement; mania; rabies, hydrophobia, canine madness, mania, inveterate habit. _Ecumer de —_; to foam with rage. _Avoir la —_; to be mad (of animals). _— de dents_; violent tooth-ache; (pop.) ravenous hunger. _Il a la — d’écrire_; he has a mania for writing, he will write at any price. _Il l’aime à la —_; he loves her to distraction. _Il a la — du jeu_; he has a passion for gambling. _Faire —_; to be quite or all the rage; to cause great disorder, great havoc; to do one’s utmost. _Dire — de quelqu’un_; to say all imaginable harm of any one. _Quand on veut noyer son chien, on dit qu’il a la —_; (prov.) give a dog a bad name and hang him.

=rager=, _v.n._, (fam.) to be in a passion; to sulk, to be angry, to fume.

=rageu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, ill-tempered person; spitfire.

=ragot=, _n.m._, (hunt.) solitary wild boar; (fig.) silly talk, twaddle.

=ragot=, =-e=, _adj._, dumpy, thick and short; thick set; squat (animal).

=ragoût=, _n.m._, (cook.) ragout; stew; hash. _Faire un —_; to make a stew. _En —_; stewed.

=ragoûtant=, =-e=, _adj._, relishing, savory; inviting, tempting. _Morceau —_; tit-bit. _Ce mets-là n’est guère —_; that dish is not very tempting.

=ragoûter=, _v.a._, to restore the appetite; to quicken, to stimulate, to stir up.

_se_ =ragoûter=, _v.r._, to recover one’s appetite.

=ragrafer=, _v.a._, to clasp again, to re-clasp, to hook again.

=ragrandir=, _v.a._, to enlarge again; to enlarge.

_se_ =ragrandir=, _v.r._, to be enlarged again; to become larger.

=ragréage=, _n.m._, (nav.) refitting.

=ragréer=, _v.a._, (arch.) to finish, to finish off, to give the finishing touch to; to restore, to renovate, to do up; to repair; to pare again (trees), to prune; (nav.) to rig anew, to refit. _— un ouvrage de menuiserie_; to finish a piece of joiner’s work. _— une branche d’arbre_; to prune a branch of a tree.

_se_ =ragréer=, _v.r._, (nav.) to be repaired; to obtain fresh rigging.

=ragrément=, _n.m._, finishing, finishing off; restoration, renovation, doing up; pruning, reparing (of trees); (nav.) refitting.

=ragué= (ra-ghé), _adj._, (nav.) chafed, rubbed, galled.

_se_ =raguer=, _v.r._, (nav.) to chafe, to gall.

=raguet=, _n.m._, (pisc.) codling.

=raïa=, _n.m._, rajah, raja.

=raide=, _adj._, stiff, rigid; tight; inflexible, stern; tough; steep; swift, rapid; (nav.) taught. _— de froid_; stiff with cold. _Peau —_; tough skin. _Montagne —_; steep mountain. _— comme une barre de fer_; as stiff as a poker. _Se tenir —_; to stand stiff. _Vol —_; rapid flight. _Le cours de la rivière est —_; the current of the river is very swift. _— comme balle_; in no time, in a jiffy.

=raide=, _adv._, quickly, swiftly; vigorously; tightly; toughly.

=raideur=, _n.f._, stiffness, rigidity; inflexibility; tightness; toughness; steepness; swiftness, velocity.

*=raidillon=, _n.m._, ascent; hillock.

=raidir=, _v.a._, to stiffen, to render inflexible, to render rigid; to tighten; to toughen; (nav.) to haul taught.

_se_ =raidir=, _v.r._, to stiffen; to become, to grow, to get stiff; to become inflexible, to get inflexible; to bear up against (fig.), to resist; to harden one’s self (against); to withstand; to bristle up; to toughen.

=raidir=, _v.n._, to stiffen; to become, to grow, to get, stiff; to tighten; to toughen.

=raie=, _n.f._, line, stroke; streak, stripe; (of hair) parting; (agri.) furrow; (ich.) ray, skate. _À —s_; striped. _Faire sa —_; to part one’s hair. _Étoffe à —s_; striped material. _— bouclée_; (ich.) thornback. _— mobular_; angel-fish.

=raifort=, _n.m._, (bot.) radian, horse-radish.

=rail=, _n.m._, (railways) rail. _— mobile_; switch-rail, point. _— ondulé_; fish-bellied rail. _— à ornière_; tram-rail. _Distance des —s dans œuvre_; gauge of way.

*=railler=, _v.a._, to banter, to jeer, to rally, to joke, to jest.

_se_ =railler=, _v.r._, to jest, to joke, to mock, to make game of.

*=railler=, _v.n._, to jeer, to scoff; to joke, to jest, to laugh at. _— de tout_; to jeer at everything. _Ne raillez pas davantage_; no more of your jeering, jesting. _Je ne raille pas_; I am not joking.

*=raillerie=, _n.f._, raillery, bantering, jesting, jest, joke, banter, jeer, mockery. _Tourner une chose en —_; to turn anything into a jest. _Entendre la —_; to joke well, to be a good hand at a joke. _Entendre —_; to take a joke, to take a jest. _C’est une — de croire que_; it is ridiculous to think that. _— à part_, _sans —_; seriously, in good earnest, without joking. _La — en est-elle?_ (fam.) is it a matter for jest, or joking?

=railleu-r=, =-se=, _n._ and _adj._, banterer, jeerer, joker, scoffer, jester; bantering, jeering, joking, jesting, scoffing, fond of raillery. _D’un air —_; sneeringly.

=railway=, _n.m._, railway.

=rain=, _n.m._, skirt (of a wood). _V._ =lisière=.

=rainceau=, _n.m._ _V._ =rinceau=.

=raine=, _n.f._, (local expr.) frog.

=rainette=, _n.f._, (erp.) tree-frog; (bot.) _V._ =reinette=.

=rainure=, _n.f._, groove; rabbet; furrow, slot-hole, quirk.

=raiponce=, _n.f._, (bot.) rampion, rampion bell-flower.

=raire= _or_ =réer=, _v.n._, (hunt.) to bell, to croon.

=rais=, _n.m._, spoke (of a wheel); ☉beam, ray (of light); (her.) beam. _— de cœur_; (arch.) ogee.

=raisin=, _n.m._, grape, grapes. _Une grappe de —_; bunch of grapes. _Un grain de —_; a grape. _Un pépin de —_; a grapestone. _— de Corinthe_; (grocer’s) currants. _Des —s secs_; raisins. _— d’Amérique_; (bot.) poke-weed. _— d’ours_; bear’s whortleberry. _— de renard_; (bot.) herb-Paris, true-love. _Grand —_; royal (paper).

=raisiné=, _n.m._, pear, quince, and grape preserve.

=raisinier=, _n.m._, (bot.) grape-tree.

=raison=, _n.f._, reason, sense, judgment, rationality; satisfaction; proof, ground, matter, argument; motive; rate; consideration; justice, right, excuse, answer; (com.) firm; share; ratio; (jur.) claim. _— sociale_; firm; name of a firm, style. _Sans —_; groundless, groundlessly. _—s d’état_; state reasons. _—s de famille_; family reasons. _Il n’a point de —_; he lacks sense, he is deficient in sense. _Mariage de —_; prudent marriage, marriage for money. _Parler —_; to talk sense, to talk sensibly. _Avoir —_; to be right. _Vous avez —_; you are right. _Donner — à quelqu’un_; to decide in favor of any one, to side with any one. _Plus que de —_; more than is reasonable, more than one ought to. _Entendre —_; to listen to reason. _Mettre quelqu’un à la —_; to bring any one to reason, to settle any one. _Comme de —_; as it is fit, of course, naturally. _Être de —_; imaginary being, creation of the brain. _Où force domine — n’a point lieu_; where force holds sway, there’s no room for reason. _Tirer — d’une injure_; to obtain satisfaction for an injury. _Se faire — soi-même_; to do one’s self justice, to take the law into one’s own hands. _Faire — à_; to pledge. _Faire — de_; to give satisfaction for. _Se faire une —_; to be guided by reason. _Se rendre à la —_; to yield to reason. _Rendre — de sa conduite_; to give an account of one’s conduct. _Ce n’est pas une —_; that does not follow. _Ne pas entendre —_; not to listen to reason. _Puissante —_; powerful argument. _— probable_; probable proof. _Point tant de —s_; don’t argue so much! _Grande —_; great cause. _Bonne —_; good grounds. _À plus forte —_; with greater reason _or_ force; a fortiori. _— de plus_; all the more reason. _Pour — de quoi_; for which cause, wherefore. _Pour — à moi connue_; for reasons best known to myself. _À — de_, _en — de_; in proportion to; according to; at the rate of. _En — de_; by reason of; in consideration of. _A telle fin que de —_; in case of need; according to circumstances; at all events; in any case. _Sous la — de_; (com.) under the style of. _Sa — est d’un tiers_; his interest (in the concern) stands at one third. _Livre de —_; ledger.

=raisonnable=, _adj._, rational, reasonable, thinking, sensible; conscionable, just, wise; proper, right; adequate; moderate; fair; tolerable. _Pension —_; adequate pension. _Prix —_; moderate price. _Il est d’une taille —_; he is moderately tall, _or_ very fairly tall.

=raisonnablement=, _adv._, reasonably, sensibly, agreeably to reason, wisely, fairly, justly, rationally; moderately, pretty well; tolerably.

=raisonné=, =-e=, _adj._, rational, intelligent, supported by proof; analytical, studied, methodical, classified.