Chapter CLXXXIX: Foreword: Fore"word`, n (10)

Defn: See Stomatopoda.

GASTRUROUS Gas*tru"rous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the Gastrura.

GAT Gat,

Defn: imp. of Get. [Obs.]

GATCH Gatch, n. [Per. gach mortar.]

Defn: Plaster as used in Persian architecture and decorative art.

Gatch decoration, decoration in plaster often producing design of great beauty. -- Gatch work, work in which gatch is employed; also, articles of gatch ornamentation collectively.

GATE Gate, n. Etym: [OE. et, , giat, gate, door, AS. geat, gat, gate, door; akin to OS., D., & Icel. gat opening, hole, and perh. to E. gate a way, gait, and get, v. Cf. Gate a way in the wall, 3d Get.]

1. A large door or passageway in the wall of a city, of an inclosed field or place, or of a grand edifice, etc.; also, the movable structure of timber, metal, etc., by which the passage can be closed.

2. An opening for passage in any inclosing wall, fence, or barrier; or the suspended framework which closes or opens a passage. Also, figuratively, a means or way of entrance or of exit. Knowest thou the way to Dover Both stile and gate, horse way and footpath. Shak. Opening a gate for a long war. Knolles.

3. A door, valve, or other device, for stopping the passage of water through a dam, lock, pipe, etc.

4. (Script.)

Defn: The places which command the entrances or access; hence, place of vantage; power; might. The gates of hell shall not prevail against it. Matt. xvi. 18.

5. In a lock tumbler, the opening for the stump of the bolt to pass through or into.

6. (Founding) (a) The channel or opening through which metal is poured into the mold; the ingate. (b) The waste piece of metal cast in the opening; a sprue or sullage piece. [Written also geat and git.] Gate chamber, a recess in the side wall of a canal lock, which receives the opened gate. -- Gate channel. See Gate, 5. -- Gate hook, the hook-formed piece of a gate hinge. -- Gate money, entrance money for admission to an inclosure. -- Gate tender, one in charge of a gate, as at a railroad crossing. -- Gate valva, a stop valve for a pipe, having a sliding gate which affords a straight passageway when open. -- Gate vein (Anat.), the portal vein. -- To break gates (Eng. Univ.), to enter a college inclosure after the hour to which a student has been restricted. -- To stand in the gate, or gates, to occupy places or advantage, power, or defense.

GATE Gate, v. t.

1. To supply with a gate.

2. (Eng. Univ.) To punish by requiring to be within the gates at an earlier hour than usual.

GATE Gate, n. Etym: [Icel. gata; akin to SW. gata street, lane, Dan. gade, Goth. gatwö, G. gasse. Cf. Gate a door, Gait.]

1. A way; a path; a road; a street (as in Highgate). [O. Eng. & Scot.] I was going to be an honest man; but the devil has this very day flung first a lawyer, and then a woman, in my gate. Sir W. Scott.

2. Manner; gait. [O. Eng. & Scot.]

GATED Gat"ed, a.

Defn: Having gates. Young.

GATEHOUSE Gate"house`, n.

Defn: A house connected or associated with a gate.

GATELESS Gate"less, a.

Defn: Having no gate.

GATEMAN Gate"man, n.

Defn: A gate keeper; a gate tender.

GATEPOST Gate"post`, n.

1. A post to which a gate is hung; -- called also swinging or hinging post.

2. A post against which a gate closes; -- called also shutting post.

GATEWAY Gate"way`, n.

Defn: A passage through a fence or wall; a gate; also, a frame, arch, etc., in which a gate in hung, or a structure at an entrance or gate designed for ornament or defense.

GATEWISE Gate"wise`, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a gate. Three circles of stones set up gatewise. Fuller.

GATHER Gath"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gathered; p. pr. & vb. n. Gathering.] Etym: [OE. gaderen, AS. gaderian, gadrian, fr. gador, geador, together, fr. gæd fellowship; akin to E. good, D. gaderen to collect, G. gatte husband, MHG. gate, also companion, Goth. gadiliggs a sister's son. sq. root29. See Good, and cf. Together.]

1. To bring together; to collect, as a number of separate things, into one place, or into one aggregate body; to assemble; to muster; to congregate. And Belgium's capital had gathered them Her beauty and her chivalry. Byron. When he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together. Matt. ii. 4.

2. To pick out and bring together from among what is of less value; to collect, as a harvest; to harvest; to cull; to pick off; to pluck. A rose just gathered from the stalk. Dryden. Do men gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles Matt. vii. 16. Gather us from among the heathen. Ps. cvi. 47.

3. To accumulate by collecting and saving little by little; to amass; to gain; to heap up. He that by usury and unjust gain increaseth his substance, he shall gather it for him that will pity the poor. Prov. xxviii. 8. To pay the creditor . . . he must gather up money by degrees. Locke.

4. To bring closely together the parts or particles of; to contract; to compress; to bring together in folds or plaits, as a garment; also, to draw together, as a piece of cloth by a thread; to pucker; to plait; as, to gather a ruffle. Gathering his flowing robe, he seemed to stand In act to speak, and graceful stretched his hand. Pope.

5. To derive, or deduce, as an inference; to collect, as a conclusion, from circumstances that suggest, or arguments that prove; to infer; to conclude. Let me say no moreGather the sequel by that went before. Shak.

6. To gain; to win. [Obs.] He gathers ground upon her in the chase. Dryden.

7. (Arch.)

Defn: To bring together, or nearer together, in masonry, as where the width of a fireplace is rapidly diminished to the width of the flue, or the like.

8. (Naut.)

Defn: To haul in; to take up; as, to gather the slack of a rope. To be gathered to one's people, or to one's fathers to die. Gen. xxv. 8. -- To gather breath, to recover normal breathing after being out of breath; to get breath; to rest. Spenser. -- To gather one's self together, to collect and dispose one's powers for a great effort, as a beast crouches preparatory to a leap. -- To gather way (Naut.), to begin to move; to move with increasing speed.

GATHER Gath"er, v. i.

1. To come together; to collect; to unite; to become assembled; to congregate. When small humors gather to a gout. Pope. Tears from the depth of some divine despair Rise in the heart, and gather to the eyes. Tennyson.

2. To grow larger by accretion; to increase. Their snowball did not gather as it went. Bacon.

3. To concentrate; to come to a head, as a sore, and generate pus; as, a boil has gathered.

4. To collect or bring things together. Thou knewest that I reap where I sowed not, and gather where I have not strewed. Matt. xxv. 26.

GATHER Gath"er, n.

1. A plait or fold in cloth, made by drawing a thread through it; a pucker.

2. (Carriage Making)

Defn: The inclination forward of the axle journals to keep the wheels from working outward.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: The soffit or under surface of the masonry required in gathering. See Gather, v. t., 7.

GATHERABLE Gath"er*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being gathered or collected; deducible from premises. [R.] Godwin.

GATHERER Gath"er*er, n.

1. One who gathers or collects.

2. (Sewing Machine)

Defn: An attachment for making gathers in the cloth.

GATHERING Gath"er*ing, n.

1. The act of collecting or bringing together.

2. That which is gathered, collected, or brought together; as: (a) A crowd; an assembly; a congregation. (b) A charitable contribution; a collection. (c) A tumor or boil suppurated or maturated; an abscess.

GATHERING Gath"er*ing, a.

Defn: Assembling; collecting; used for gathering or concentrating. Gathering board (Bookbinding), a table or board on which signatures are gathered or assembled, to form a book. Knight. -- Gathering coal, a lighted coal left smothered in embers over night, about which kindling wood is gathered in the morning. -- Gathering hoop, a hoop used by coopers to draw together the ends of barrel staves, to allow the hoops to be slipped over them. -- Gathering peat. (a) A piece of peat used as a gathering coal, to preserve a fire. (b) In Scotland, a fiery peat which was sent round by the Borderers as an alarm signal, as the fiery cross was by the Highlanders.

GATLING GUN Gat"ling gun` (. Etym: [From the inventor, R.J. Gatling.]

Defn: An American machine gun, consisting of a cluster of barrels which, being revolved by a crank, are automatically loaded and fired.

Note: The improved Gatling gun can be fired at the rate of 1,200 shots per minute. Farrow.

GATTEN TREE Gat"ten tree`. Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. gatter bush.] (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to the small trees called guelder-rose (Viburnum Opulus), cornel (Cornus sanguinea), and spindle tree (Euonymus Europæus).

GAT-TOOTHED Gat"-toothed`, a. Etym: [OE. gat goat + tooth. See Goat the animal.]

Defn: Goat-toothed; having a lickerish tooth; lustful; wanton. [Obs.]

GAUCHE Gauche, n. Etym: [F.]

1. Left handed; hence, awkward; clumsy.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: Winding; twisted; warped; -- applied to curves and surfaces.

GAUCHERIE Gauche`rie", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: An awkward action; clumsiness; boorishness.

GAUCHO Gau"cho, n., pl. Gauchos ( Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: On of the native inhabitants of the pampas, of Spanish-American descent. They live mostly by rearing cattle.

GAUD Gaud, n. Etym: [OE. gaude jest, trick, gaudi bead of a rosary, fr. L. gaudium joy, gladness. See Joy.]

1. Trick; jest; sport. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Deceit; fraud; artifice; device. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. An ornament; a piece of worthless finery; a trinket. "An idle gaud." Shak.

GAUD Gaud, v. i. Etym: [Cf. F. se gaudir to rejoice, fr. L. gaudere. See Gaud, n.]

Defn: To sport or keep festival. [Obs.] "Gauding with his familiars. " [Obs.] Sir T. North.

GAUD Gaud, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gauded; p. pr. & vb. n. Gauding.]

Defn: To bedeck gaudily; to decorate with gauds or showy trinkets or colors; to paint. [Obs.] "Nicely gauded cheeks." Shak.

GAUD-DAY Gaud"-day`, n.

Defn: See Gaudy, a feast.

GAUDERY Gaud"er*y, n.

Defn: Finery; ornaments; ostentatious display. [R.] "Tarnished gaudery." Dryden.

GAUDFUL Gaud"ful, a.

Defn: Joyful; showy. [Obs.]

GAUDILY Gaud"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a gaudy manner. Guthrie.

GAUDINESS Gaud"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being gaudy. Whitlock.

GAUDISH Gaud"ish, a.

Defn: Gaudy. "Gaudish ceremonies." Bale.

GAUDLESS Gaud"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of ornament. [R.]

GAUDY Gaud"y, a. [Compar. Gaudier; superl. Gauidiest.]

1. Ostentatiously fine; showy; gay, but tawdry or meretricious. Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy, But not expressed in fancy; rich, not gaudy. Shak.

2. Gay; merry; festal. Tennyson. Let's have one other gaudy night. Shak.

GAUDY Gaud"y, n.; pl. Gaudies Etym: [See Gaud, n.]

Defn: One of the large beads in the rosary at which the paternoster is recited. [Obs.] Gower.

GAUDY Gaud"y, n.

Defn: A feast or festival; -- called also gaud-day and gaudy day. [Oxford Univ.] Conybeare.

GAUDYGREEN Gaud"y*green`, a. or n. Etym: [OE. gaude grene.]

Defn: Light green. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

GAUFFER Gauf"fer, v. t. Etym: [F. gaufrer to figure cloth, velvet, and other stuffs, fr. gaufre honeycomb, waffle; of German origin. See Waffle, Wafer, and cf. Goffer, Gopher an animal.]

Defn: To plait, crimp, or flute; to goffer, as lace. See Goffer.

GAUFFERING Gauf"fer*ing, n.

Defn: A mode of plaiting or fluting. Gauffering iron, a kind of fluting iron for fabrics. -- Gauffering press (Flower Manuf.), a press for crimping the leaves and petals into shape.

GAUFFRE Gauf"fre, n. Etym: [See Gopher.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A gopher, esp. the pocket gopher.

GAUGE Gauge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gauged; p. pr. & vb. n. Gauging] Etym: [OF. gaugier, F. jauger, cf. OF. gauge gauge, measuring rod, F. jauge; of uncertain origin; perh. fr. an assumed L. qualificare to determine the qualities of a thing (see Qualify); but cf. also F. jalon a measuring stake in surveying, and E. gallon.] [Written also gage.]

1. To measure or determine with a gauge.

2. To measure or to ascertain the contents or the capacity of, as of a pipe, barrel, or keg.

3. (Mech.)

Defn: To measure the dimensions of, or to test the accuracy of the form of, as of a part of a gunlock. The vanes nicely gauged on each side. Derham.

4. To draw into equidistant gathers by running a thread through it, as cloth or a garment.

5. To measure the capacity, character, or ability of; to estimate; to judge of. You shall not gauge me By what we do to-night. Shak.

GAUGE Gauge, n. Etym: [Written also gage.]

1. A measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard. This plate must be a gauge to file your worm and groove to equal breadth by. Moxon. There is not in our hands any fixed gauge of minds. I. Taylor.

2. Measure; dimensions; estimate. The gauge and dimensions of misery, depression, and contempt. Burke.

3. (Mach. & Manuf.)

Defn: Any instrument for ascertaining or regulating the dimensions or forms of things; a templet or template; as, a button maker's gauge.

4. (Physics)

Defn: Any instrument or apparatus for measuring the state of a phenomenon, or for ascertaining its numerical elements at any moment; -- usually applied to some particular instrument; as, a rain gauge; a steam gauge.

5. (Naut.) (a) Relative positions of two or more vessels with reference to the wind; as, a vessel has the weather gauge of another when on the windward side of it, and the lee gauge when on the lee side of it. (b) The depth to which a vessel sinks in the water. Totten.

6. The distance between the rails of a railway.

Note: The standard gauge of railroads in most countries is four feet, eight and one half inches. Wide, or broad, gauge, in the United States, is six feet; in England, seven feet, and generally any gauge exceeding standard gauge. Any gauge less than standard gauge is now called narrow gauge. It varies from two feet to three feet six inches.

7. (Plastering)

Defn: The quantity of plaster of Paris used with common plaster to accelerate its setting.

8. (Building)

Defn: That part of a shingle, slate, or tile, which is exposed to the weather, when laid; also, one course of such shingles, slates, or tiles. Gauge of a carriage, car, etc., the distance between the wheels; -- ordinarily called the track. -- Gauge cock, a stop cock used as a try cock for ascertaining the height of the water level in a steam boiler. -- Gauge concussion (Railroads), the jar caused by a car-wheel flange striking the edge of the rail. -- Gauge glass, a glass tube for a water gauge. -- Gauge lathe, an automatic lathe for turning a round object having an irregular profile, as a baluster or chair round, to a templet or gauge. -- Gauge point, the diameter of a cylinder whose altitude is one inch, and contents equal to that of a unit of a given measure; -- a term used in gauging casks, etc. -- Gauge rod, a graduated rod, for measuring the capacity of barrels, casks, etc. -- Gauge saw, a handsaw, with a gauge to regulate the depth of cut. Knight. -- Gauge stuff, a stiff and compact plaster, used in making cornices, moldings, etc., by means of a templet. -- Gauge wheel, a wheel at the forward end of a plow beam, to determine the depth of the furrow. -- Joiner's gauge, an instrument used to strike a line parallel to the straight side of a board, etc. -- Printer's gauge, an instrument to regulate the length of the page. -- Rain gauge, an instrument for measuring the quantity of rain at any given place. -- Salt gauge, or Brine gauge, an instrument or contrivance for indicating the degree of saltness of water from its specific gravity, as in the boilers of ocean steamers. -- Sea gauge, an instrument for finding the depth of the sea. -- Siphon gauge, a glass siphon tube, partly filled with mercury, -- used to indicate pressure, as of steam, or the degree of rarefaction produced in the receiver of an air pump or other vacuum; a manometer. -- Sliding gauge. (Mach.) (a) A templet or pattern for gauging the commonly accepted dimensions or shape of certain parts in general use, as screws, railway-car axles, etc. (b) A gauge used only for testing other similar gauges, and preserved as a reference, to detect wear of the working gauges. (c) (Railroads) See Note under Gauge, n., 5. -- Star gauge (Ordnance), an instrument for measuring the diameter of the bore of a cannon at any point of its length. -- Steam gauge, an instrument for measuring the pressure of steam, as in a boiler. -- Tide gauge, an instrument for determining the height of the tides. -- Vacuum gauge, a species of barometer for determining the relative elasticities of the vapor in the condenser of a steam engine and the air. -- Water gauge. (a) A contrivance for indicating the height of a water surface, as in a steam boiler; as by a gauge cock or glass. (b) The height of the water in the boiler. -- Wind gauge, an instrument for measuring the force of the wind on any given surface; an anemometer. -- Wire gauge, a gauge for determining the diameter of wire or the thickness of sheet metal; also, a standard of size. See under Wire.

GAUGEABLE Gauge"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being gauged.

GAUGED Gauged, p. a.

Defn: Tested or measured by, or conformed to, a gauge. Gauged brick, brick molded, rubbed, or cut to an exact size and shape, for arches or ornamental work. -- Gauged mortar. See Gauge stuff, under Gauge, n.

GAUGER Gau"ger, n.

Defn: One who gauges; an officer whose business it is to ascertain the contents of casks.

GAUGER-SHIP Gau"ger-ship, n.

Defn: The office of a gauger.

GAUGING ROD Gau"ging rod`.

Defn: See Gauge rod, under Gauge, n.

GAUL Gaul, n. Etym: [F. Gaule, fr. L. Gallia, fr. Gallus a Gaul.]

1. The Anglicized form of Gallia, which in the time of the Romans included France and Upper Italy (Transalpine and Cisalpine Gaul).

2. A native or inhabitant of Gaul.

GAULISH Gaul"ish, a.

Defn: Pertaining to ancient France, or Gaul; Gallic. [R.]

GAULT Gault, n. Etym: [Cf. Norw. gald hard ground, Icel. gald hard snow.] (Geol.)

Defn: A series of beds of clay and marl in the South of England, between the upper and lower greensand of the Cretaceous period.

GAULTHERIA Gaul*the"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of ericaceous shrubs with evergreen foliage, and, often, edible berries. It includes the American winter-green (Gaultheria procumbens), and the larger-fruited salal of Northwestern America (Gaultheria Shallon).

GAUNT Gaunt, a. Etym: [Cf. Norw. gand a thin pointed stick, a tall and thin man, and W. gwan weak.]

Defn: Attenuated, as with fasting or suffering; lean; meager; pinched and grim. "The gaunt mastiff." Pope. A mysterious but visible pestilence, striding gaunt and fleshless across our land. Nichols.

GAUNTLET Gaunt"let, n. (Mil.)

Defn: See Gantlet.

GAUNTLET Gaunt"let, n. Etym: [F. gantelet, dim. of gant glove, LL. wantus, of Teutonic origin; cf. D. want, Sw. & Dan. vante, Icel. vöttr, for vantr.]

1. A glove of such material that it defends the hand from wounds.

Note: The gauntlet of the Middle Ages was sometimes of chain mail, sometimes of leather partly covered with plates, scales, etc., of metal sewed to it, and, in the 14th century, became a glove of small steel plates, carefully articulated and covering the whole hand except the palm and the inside of the fingers.

2. A long glove, covering the wrist.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: A rope on which hammocks or clothes are hung for drying. To take up the gauntlet, to accept a challenge. -- To throw down the gauntlet, to offer or send a challenge. The gauntlet or glove was thrown down by the knight challenging, and was taken up by the one who accepted the challenge; -- hence the phrases.

GAUNTLETTED Gaunt"lett*ed, a.

Defn: Wearing a gauntlet.

GAUNTLY Gaunt"ly, adv.

Defn: In a gaunt manner; meagerly.

GAUNTREE; GAUNTRY Gaun"tree, Gaun"try, n. Etym: [F. chantier, LL. cantarium, fr. L. canterius trellis, sort of frame.]

1. A frame for supporting barrels in a cellar or elsewhere. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Engin.)

Defn: A scaffolding or frame carrying a crane or other structure. Knight.

GAUR Gaur, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An East Indian species of wild cattle (Bibos gauris), of large size and an untamable disposition. [Spelt also gour.]

GAURE Gaure, v. i.

Defn: To gaze; to stare. [Obs.] Chaucer.

GAUSS Gauss (gous), n. [So named after Karl F. Gauss, a German mathematician.] (Elec.)

Defn: The C.G.S. unit of density of magnetic field, equal to a field of one line of force per square centimeter, being thus adopted as an international unit at Paris in 1900; sometimes used as a unit of intensity of magnetic field. It was previously suggested as a unit of magnetomotive force.

GAUSSAGE Gauss"age, n. (Elec.)

Defn: The intensity of a magnetic field expressed in C.G.S. units, or gausses.

GAUZE Gauze, n. Etym: [F. gaze; so called because it was first introduced from Gaza, a city of Palestine.]

Defn: A very thin, slight, transparent stuff, generally of silk; also, any fabric resembling silk gauze; as, wire gauze; cotton gauze. Gauze dresser, one employed in stiffening gauze.

GAUZE Gauze, a.

Defn: Having the qualities of gauze; thin; light; as, gauze merino underclothing.

GAUZINESS Gauz"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being gauzy; flimsiness. Ruskin.

GAUZY Gauz"y, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, gauze; thin and slight as gauze.

GAVAGE Ga`vage" (ga`vazh"), n. [F., fr. gaver to gorge.]

Defn: Forced feeding (as of poultry or infants) by means of a tube passed through the mouth down to the stomach.

GAVE Gave,

Defn: imp. of Give.

GAVEL Gav"el, n.

Defn: A gable. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

GAVEL Gav"el, n. Etym: [OF. gavelle, F. javelle, prob. dim. from L. capulus handle, fr. capere to lay hold of, seize; or cf. W. gafael hold, grasp. Cf. Heave.]

Defn: A small heap of grain, not tied up into a bundle. Wright.

GAVEL Gav"el, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

1. The mallet of the presiding officer in a legislative body, public assembly, court, masonic body, etc.

2. A mason's setting maul. Knight.

GAVEL Gav"el, n. Etym: [OF. gavel, AS. gafol, prob. fr. gifan to give. See Give, and cf. Gabel tribute.] (Law)

Defn: Tribute; toll; custom. [Obs.] See Gabel. Cowell.

GAVELET Gav"el*et, n. Etym: [From Gavel tribute.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: An ancient special kind of cessavit used in Kent and London for the recovery of rent. [Obs.]

GAVELKIND Gav"el*kind`, n. Etym: [OE. gavelkynde, gavelkende. See Gavel tribute, and Kind, n.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A tenure by which land descended from the father to all his sons in equal portions, and the land of a brother, dying without issue, descended equally to his brothers. It still prevails in the county of Kent. Cowell.

GAVELOCHE Gav"e*loche, n.

Defn: Same as Gavelock.

GAVELOCK Gav"e*lock, n. Etym: [OE. gaveloc a dart, AS. gafeluc; cf. Icel. gaflok, MHG. gabil, OF. gavelot, glavelot, F. javelot, Ir. gabhla spear, W. gaflach fork, dart, E. glave, gaff]

1. A spear or dart. [R. & Obs.]

2. An iron crow or lever. [Scot. & North of Eng.]

GAVERICK Ga"ver*ick, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European red gurnard (Trigla cuculus). [Prov. Eng.]

GAVIAE Ga"viæ, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. gavia a sea mew.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The division of birds which includes the gulls and terns.

GAVIAL Ga"vi*al, n. Etym: [Hind. ghariu: cf. F. gavial.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large Asiatic crocodilian (Gavialis Gangeticus); -- called also nako, and Gangetic crocodile.

Note: The gavial has a long, slender muzzle, teeth of nearly uniform size, and feet completely webbed. It inhabits the Ganges and other rivers of India. The name is also applied to several allied fossil species.

GAVOT Gav"ot ( or ; 277), n. Etym: [F. gavotte, fr. Gavots, a people inhabiting a mountainous district in France, called Gap.] (Mus.)

Defn: A kind of difficult dance; a dance tune, the air of which has two brisk and lively, yet dignified, strains in common time, each played twice over. [Written also gavotte.]

GAWBY Gaw"by, n.

Defn: A baby; a dunce. [Prov. Eng.]

GAWK Gawk, n. Etym: [OE. gok, gowk, cuckoo, fool, Icel. gaukr cuckoo; akin to OHG. gouh, G. gauch cuckoo, fool, AS. géac cuckoo, Sw. gök, Dan. giög]

1. A cuckoo. Johnson.

2. A simpleton; a booby; a gawky. Carlyle.

GAWK Gawk, v. i.

Defn: To act like a gawky.

GAWKY Gawk"y, a. [Compar. Gawkier; superl. Gawkiest.]

Defn: Foolish and awkward; clumsy; clownish; as, gawky behavior. -- n. A fellow who is awkward from being overgrown, or from stupidity, a gawk.

GAWN Gawn, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. gallon.]

Defn: A small tub or lading vessel. [Prov. Eng.] Johnson.

GAWNTREE Gawn"tree, n.

Defn: See Gauntree.

GAY Gay, a. [Compar. Gayer; superl. Gayest.] Etym: [F. gai, perhaps fr. OHG. g swift, rapid, G. gäh, jäh, steep, hasty; or cf. OHG. w beatiful, good. Cf. Jay.]

1. Excited with merriment; manifesting sportiveness or delight; inspiring delight; livery; merry. Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay. Pope. Gay hope is theirs by fancy fed. Gray.

2. Brilliant in colors; splendid; fine; richly dressed. Why is my neighbor's wife so gay Chaucer. A bevy of fair women, richly gay In gems and wanton dressMilton.

3. Loose; dissipated; lewd. [Colloq.]

Syn. -- Merry; gleeful; blithe; airy; lively; sprightly, sportive; light- hearted; frolicsome; jolly; jovial; joyous; joyful; glad; showy; splendid; vivacious.

GAY Gay, n.

Defn: An ornament [Obs.] L'Estrange.

GAYAL Gay"al, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A Southern Asiatic species of wild cattle (Bibos frontalis).

GAYDIANG Gay"di*ang, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A vessel of Anam, with two or three masts, lofty triangular sails, and in construction somewhat resembling a Chinese junk.

GAYETY Gay"e*ty, n.; pl. Gayeties (. [Written also gaiety.] Etym: [F. gaieté. See Gay, a.]

1. The state of being gay; merriment; mirth; acts or entertainments prompted by, or inspiring, merry delight; -- used often in the plural; as, the gayeties of the season.

2. Finery; show; as, the gayety of dress.

Syn. -- Liveliness; mirth; animation; vivacity; glee; blithesomeness; sprightliness; jollity. See Liveliness.

GAYLEY PROCESS Gay"ley proc"ess. (Med.)

Defn: The process of removing moisture from the blast of an iron blast furnace by reducing its temperature so far that it will not remain suspended as vapor in the blast current, but will be deposited as snow in the cooling apparatus. The resultant uniformly dehydrated blast effects great economy in fuel consumption, and promotes regularity of furnace operation, and certainty of furnace control.

GAYLUSSITE Gay"lus*site`, n. Etym: [Named after Gay-Lussac, the French chemist.] (Min.)

Defn: A yellowish white, translucent mineral, consisting of the carbonates of lime and soda, with water.

GAYLY Gay"ly, adv.

1. With mirth and frolic; merrily; blithely; gleefully.

2. Finely; splendidly; showily; as, ladies gayly dressed; a flower gayly blooming. Pope.

GAYNE Gayne, v. i. Etym: [See Gain.]

Defn: To avail. [Obs.]

GAYNESS Gay"ness, n.

Defn: Gayety; finery. [R.]

GAYSOME Gay"some, a.

Defn: Full of gayety. Mir. for Mag.

GAYTRE Gay"tre, n. Etym: [See Gaitre.]

Defn: The dogwood tree. [Obs.] Chaucer.

GAZE Gaze, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gazed; p. pr. & vb. n. Gazing.] Etym: [OE. gasen, akin to dial. Sw. gasa, cf. Goth. us-gaisjan to terrify, us- geisnan to be terrified. Cf. Aghast, Ghastly, Ghost, Hesitate.]

Defn: To fixx the eyes in a steady and earnest look; to look with eagerness or curiosity, as in admiration, astonishment, or with studious attention. Why stand ye gazing up into heaven Acts i. 11.

Syn. -- To gape; stare; look. -- To Gaze, Gape, Stare. To gaze is to look with fixed and prolonged attention, awakened by excited interest or elevated emotion; to gape is to look fixedly, with open mouth and feelings of ignorant wonder; to stare is to look with the fixedness of insolence or of idiocy. The lover of nature gazes with delight on the beauties of the landscape; the rustic gapes with wonder at the strange sights of a large city; the idiot stares on those around with a vacant look.

GAZE Gaze, v. t.

Defn: To view with attention; to gaze on . [R.] And gazed a while the ample sky. Milton.

GAZE Gaze, n.

1. A fixed look; a look of eagerness, wonder, or admiration; a continued look of attention. With secret gaze Or open admiration him behold. Milton.

2. The object gazed on. Made of my enemies the scorn and gaze. Milton. At gaze (a) (Her.) With the face turned directly to the front; -- said of the figures of the stag, hart, buck, or hind, when borne, in this position, upon an escutcheon. (b) In a position expressing sudden fear or surprise; -- a term used in stag hunting to describe the manner of a stag when he first hears the hounds and gazes round in apprehension of some hidden danger; hence, standing agape; idly or stupidly gazing. I that rather held it better men should perish one by one, Than that earth should stand at gaze like Joshua's moon in Ajalon! Tennyson.

GAZEEBO Ga*zee"bo, n. Etym: [Humorously formed from gaze.]

Defn: A summerhouse so situated as to command an extensive prospect. [Colloq.]

GAZEFUL Gaze"ful, a.

Defn: Gazing. [R.] Spenser.

GAZEHOUND Gaze"hound`, n.

Defn: A hound that pursues by the sight rather than by the scent. Sir W. Scott.

GAZEL Ga"zel, n.

Defn: The black currant; also, the wild plum. [Prov. Eng.]

GAZEL Ga*zel", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Gazelle.

GAZELLE Ga*zelle", n. Etym: [F. gazelle, OF. also, gazel; cf. Sp. gacela, Pr. gazella, It. gazella; all fr. Ar. ghaz a wild goat.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of several small, swift, elegantly formed species of antelope, of the genus Gazella, esp. G. dorcas; -- called also algazel, corinne, korin, and kevel. The gazelles are celebrated for the luster and soft expression of their eyes. [Written also gazel.]

Note: The common species of Northern Africa (Gazella dorcas); the Arabian gazelle, or ariel (G. Arabica); the mohr of West Africa (G. mohr); the Indian (G. Bennetti); the ahu or Persian (G. subgutturosa); and the springbok or tsebe (G. euchore) of South Africa, are the best known.

GAZEMENT Gaze"ment, n.

Defn: View. [Obs.] Spenser.

GAZER Gaz"er, n.

Defn: One who gazes.

GAZET Ga*zet, n. Etym: [It.. gazeta, gazzetta, prob. dim. of L. gaza royal treasure.]

Defn: A Venetian coin, worth about three English farthings, or one and a half cents. [Obs.]

GAZETTE Ga*zette", n. Etym: [F. gazette, It. gazzetta, perh. from gazetta a Venetian coin (see Gazet), said to have been the price of the first newspaper published at Venice; or perh. dim. of gazza magpie, a name perh. applied to the first newspaper; cf. OHG. agalstra magpie, G. elster.]

Defn: A newspaper; a printed sheet published periodically; esp., the official journal published by the British government, and containing legal and state notices.

GAZETTE Ga*zette", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gazetted; p. pr. & vb. n. Gazetting.]

Defn: To announce or publish in a gazette; to announce officially, as an appointment, or a case of bankruptcy.

GAZETTEER Gaz`et*teer", n. Etym: [Cf. F. gazetier.]

1. A writer of news, or an officer appointed to publish news by authority. Johnson.

2. A newspaper; a gazette. [Obs.] Burke.

3. A geographical dictionary; a book giving the names and descriptions, etc., of many places.

4. An alphabetical descriptive list of anything.

GAZINGSTOCK Gaz"ing*stock`, n.

Defn: A person or thing gazed at with scorn or abhorrence; an object of curiosity or contempt. Bp. Hall.

GAZOGENE Gaz"o*gene, n. Etym: [F. gazogène; gaz gas + -gène, E. -gen.]

Defn: A portable apparatus for making soda water or aërated liquids on a small scale. Knight.

GAZON Ga*zon", n. Etym: [F. gazon turf, fr. OHG. waso, G. wasen.] (Fort.)

Defn: One of the pieces of sod used to line or cover parapets and the faces of earthworks.

GE- Ge-.

Defn: An Anglo-Saxon prefix. See Y-.

GEAL Geal, v. i. Etym: [F. geler, fr. L. gelare, fr. gelu. See Gelid.]

Defn: To congeal. [Obs. or Scot.]

GEAN Gean, n. Etym: [F. guigne the fruit of the gean; cf. OHG. wihsila, G. weichsel.] (Bot.)

Defn: A species of cherry tree common in Europe (Prunus avium); also, the fruit, which is usually small and dark in color.

GEANTICLINAL Ge`an*ti*cli"nal, n. Etym: [Gr. anticlinal.] (Geol.)

Defn: An upward bend or flexure of a considerable portion of the earth's crust, resulting in the formation of a class of mountain elevations called anticlinoria; -- opposed to geosynclinal.

GEAR Gear, n. Etym: [OE. gere, ger, AS. gearwe clothing, adornment, armor, fr. gearo, gearu, ready, yare; akin to OHG. garawi, garwi ornament, dress. See Yare, and cf. Garb dress.]

1. Clothing; garments; ornaments. Array thyself in thy most gorgeous gear. Spenser.

2. Goods; property; household stuff. Chaucer. Homely gear and common ware. Robynson (More's Utopia)

3. Whatever is prepared for use or wear; manufactured stuff or material. Clad in a vesture of unknown gear. Spenser.

4. The harness of horses or cattle; trapping.

5. Warlike accouterments. [Scot.] Jamieson.

6. Manner; custom; behavior. [Obs.] Chaucer.

7. Business matters; affairs; concern. [Obs.] Thus go they both together to their gear. Spenser.

8. (Mech.) (a) A toothed wheel, or cogwheel; as, a spur gear, or a bevel gear; also, toothed wheels, collectively. (b) An apparatus for performing a special function; gearing; as, the feed gear of a lathe. (c) Engagement of parts with each other; as, in gear; out of gear.

9. pl. (Naut.)

Defn: See 1st Jeer (b).

10. Anything worthless; stuff; nonsense; rubbish. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Wright. That servant of his that confessed and uttered this gear was an honest man. Latimer. Bever gear. See Bevel gear. -- Core gear, a mortise gear, or its skeleton. See Mortise wheel, under Mortise. -- Expansion gear (Steam Engine), the arrangement of parts for cutting off steam at a certain part of the stroke, so as to leave it to act upon the piston expansively; the cut-off. See under Expansion. -- Feed gear. See Feed motion, under Feed, n. -- Gear cutter, a machine or tool for forming the teeth of gear wheels by cutting. -- Gear wheel, any cogwheel. -- Running gear. See under Running. -- To throw in, or out of, gear (Mach.), to connect or disconnect (wheelwork or couplings, etc.); to put in, or out of, working relation.

GEAR Gear v. t. [imp. & p. p. Geared; p. pr. & vb. n. Gearing.]

1. To dress; to put gear on; to harness.

2. (Mach.)

Defn: To provide with gearing. Double geared, driven through twofold compound gearing, to increase the force or speed; -- said of a machine.

GEAR Gear, v. i. (Mach.)

Defn: To be in, or come into, gear.

GEARING Gear"ing, n.

1. Harness.

2. (Mach.)

Defn: The parts by which motion imparted to one portion of an engine or machine is transmitted to another, considered collectively; as, the valve gearing of locomotive engine; belt gearing; esp., a train of wheels for transmitting and varying motion in machinery. Frictional gearing. See under Frictional. -- Gearing chain, an endless chain transmitted motion from one sprocket wheel to another. See Illust. of Chain wheel. -- Spur gearing, gearing in which the teeth or cogs are ranged round either the concave or the convex surface (properly the latter) of a cylindrical wheel; -- for transmitting motion between parallel shafts, etc.

GEASON Gea"son, a. Etym: [OE. gesen, geson, rare, scanty, AS. g barren, wanting. Cf. Geest.]

Defn: Rare; wonderful. [Obs.] Spenser.

GEAT Geat, n. Etym: [See Gate a door.] (Founding)

Defn: The channel or spout through which molten metal runs into a mold in casting. [Written also git, gate.]

GECARCINIAN Ge`car*cin"i*an, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A land crab of the genus Gecarcinus, or of allied genera.

GECK Geck, n. Etym: [D. gek fool, fop; akin to G. geck; cf. Icel. gikkr a pert, rude person.]

1. Scorn, derision, or contempt. [Prov. Eng.]

2. An object of scorn; a dupe; a gull. [Obs.] To become the geck and scorn O'the other's villainy. Shak.

GECK Geck, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OD. ghecken, G. gecken. See Geck, n.]

1. To deride; to scorn; to mock. [Prov. Eng.]

2. To cheat; trick, or gull. [Obs.] Johnson.

GECK Geck, v. i.

Defn: To jeer; to show contempt. Sir W. Scott.

GECKO Geck"o, n.; pl. Geckoes. Etym: [Cf. F. & G. gecko; -- so called from the sound which the animal utters.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any lizard of the family Geckonidæ. The geckoes are small, carnivorous, mostly nocturnal animals with large eyes and vertical, elliptical pupils. Their toes are generally expanded, and furnished with adhesive disks, by which they can run over walls and ceilings. They are numerous in warm countries, and a few species are found in Europe and the United States. See Wall gecko, Fanfoot.

GECKOTIAN Geck*o"tian, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A gecko.

GED; GEDD Ged, Gedd (, n.

Defn: The European pike.

GEE Gee, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Geed; p. pr. & vb. n. Geeing.]

1. To agree; to harmonize. [Colloq. or Prov. Eng.] Forby.

2. Etym: [Cf. G. jü, interj., used in calling to a horse, It. giò, F. dia, used to turn a horse to the left.]

Defn: To turn to the off side, or from the driver (i.e., in the United States, to the right side); -- said of cattle, or a team; used most frequently in the imperative, often with off, by drivers of oxen, in directing their teams, and opposed to haw, or hoi. [Written also jee.]

Note: In England, the teamster walks on the right-hand side of the cattle; in the United States, on the left-hand side. In all cases, however, gee means to turn from the driver, and haw to turn toward him. Gee ho, or Gee whoa. Same as Gee.

GEE Gee, v. t. Etym: [See Gee to turn.]

Defn: To cause (a team) to turn to the off side, or from the driver. [Written also jee.]

GEER; GEERING Geer, Geer"ing. [Obs.]

Defn: See Gear, Gearing.

GEESE Geese, n.,

Defn: pl. of Goose.

GEEST Geest, n. Etym: [Cf. LG. geest, geestland, sandy, dry and, OFries. gest, gast, gestlond, gastlond, fr. Fries. gast barren. Cf. Geason.]

Defn: Alluvial matter on the surface of land, not of recent origin. R. Jameson.

GEET Geet, n. Etym: [See Jet.]

Defn: Jet. [Obs.] Chaucer.

GEEZ Geez, n.

Defn: The original native name for the ancient Ethiopic language or people. See Ethiopic.

GEEZER Gee"zer, n. [Dial. corrupt. of Guiser a mummer.]

Defn: A queer old fellow; an old chap; an old woman. [Contemptuous, Slang or Dial.]

GEHENNA Ge*hen"na, n. Etym: [L. Gehenna, Gr. G.] (Jewish Hist.)

Defn: The valley of Hinnom, near Jerusalem, where some of the Israelites sacrificed their children to Moloch, which, on this account, was afterward regarded as a place of abomination, and made a receptacle for all the refuse of the city, perpetual fires being kept up in order to prevent pestilential effluvia. In the New Testament the name is transferred, by an easy metaphor, to Hell. The pleasant valley of Hinnom. Tophet thence And black Gehenna called, the type of Hell. Milton.

GEIC Ge"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, earthy or vegetable mold. Geic acid. (Chem.) See Humin.

GEIN Ge"in, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: See Humin.

GEISHA Gei"sha (ga"sha), n.; pl. Geisha (-sha), Geishas (-shaz). [Jap.]

Defn: A Japanese singing and dancing girl.

GEISSLER TUBE Geis"sler tube`. (Elec.)

Defn: A glass tube provided with platinum electrodes, and containing some gas under very low tension, which becomes luminous when an electrical discharge is passed through it; -- so called from the name of a noted maker in germany. It is called also Plücker tube, from the German physicist who devised it.

GEITONOGAMY Gei"to*nog"a*my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Fertilization of flowers by pollen from other flowers on the same plant.

GELABLE Gel"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. gelare to congeal: cf. F. gelable. See Geal.]

Defn: Capable of being congealed; capable of being converted into jelly.

GELADA Gel"a*da, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A baboon (Gelada Ruppelli) of Abyssinia, remarkable for the length of the hair on the neck and shoulders of the adult male.

GELASTIC Ge*las"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to laughter; used in laughing. "Gelastic muscles." Sir T. Browne.

GELATIFICATION Ge*lat"i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Gelatin + L. -ficare. (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The formation of gelatin.

GELATIGENOUS Gel`a*tig"e*nous, n. Etym: [Gelatin + -genous.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Producing, or yielding, gelatin; gelatiniferous; as, the gelatigeneous tissues.

GELATIN; GELATINE Gel"a*tin

Defn: , Gel"a*tine (, n. Etym: [F. gélatine, fr. L. gelare to congeal. See Geal.] (Chem.) Animal jelly; glutinous material obtained from animal tissues by prolonged boiling. Specifically (Physiol. Chem.), a nitrogeneous colloid, not existing as such in the animal body, but formed by the hydrating action of boiling water on the collagen of various kinds of connective tissue (as tendons, bones, ligaments, etc.). Its distinguishing character is that of dissolving in hot water, and forming a jelly on cooling. It is an important ingredient of calf's-foot jelly, isinglass, glue, etc. It is used as food, but its nutritious qualities are of a low order.

Note: Both spellings, gelatin and gelatine, are in good use, but the tendency of writers on physiological chemistry favors the form in - in, as in the United States Dispensatory, the United States Pharmacopoeia, Fownes' Watts' Chemistry, Brande & Cox's Dictionary. Blasting gelatin, an explosive, containing about ninety-five parts of nitroglycerin and five of collodion. -- Gelatin process, a name applied to a number of processes in the arts, involving the use of gelatin. Especially: (a) (Photog.) A dry- plate process in which gelatin is used as a substitute for collodion as the sensitized material. This is the dry-plate process in general use, and plates of extreme sensitiveness are produced by it. (b) (Print.) A method of producing photographic copies of drawings, engravings, printed pages, etc., and also of photographic pictures, which can be printed from in a press with ink, or (in some applications of the process) which can be used as the molds of stereotype or electrotype plates. (c) (Print. or Copying) A method of producing facsimile copies of an original, written or drawn in aniline ink upon paper, thence transferred to a cake of gelatin softened with glycerin, from which impressions are taken upon ordinary paper. -- Vegetable gelatin. See Gliadin.

GELATINATE Ge*lat"i*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gelatinated; p. pr. & vb. n. Gelatinating.]

Defn: To convert into gelatin, or into a substance resembling jelly.

GELATINATE Ge*lat"i*nate, v. i.

Defn: To be converted into gelatin, or into a substance like jelly. Lapis lazuli, if calcined, does not effervesce, but gelatinates with the mineral acids. Kirwan.

GELATINATION Ge*lat`i*na"tion, n.

Defn: The act of process of converting into gelatin, or a substance like jelly.

GELATINE Gel"a*tine, n.

Defn: Same as Gelatin.

GELATINIFEROUS Gel`a*tin*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [Gelatin + -ferous.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Yielding gelatin on boiling with water; capable of gelatination.

GELATINIFORM Gel`a*tin"i*form, a.

Defn: Having the form of gelatin.

GELATINIZATION Ge*lat`i*ni*za"tion, n.

Defn: Same as Gelatination.

GELATINIZE Ge*lat"i*nize, v. t.

1. To convert into gelatin or jelly. Same as Gelatinate, v. t.

2. (Photog.)

Defn: To coat, or otherwise treat, with gelatin.

GELATINIZE Ge*lat"i*nize, v. i.

Defn: Same as Gelatinate, v. i.

GELATINOUS Ge*lat"i*nous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. gélatineux.]

Defn: Of the nature and consistence of gelatin or the jelly; resembling jelly; viscous.

GELATION Ge*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. gelatio a freezing, fr. gelare to freeze.] (Astron.)

Defn: The process of becoming solid by cooling; a cooling and solidifying.

GELD Geld, n. Etym: [AS. gild, gield, geld, tribute, payment, fr. gieldan to pay, render. See Yield.]

Defn: Money; tribute; compensation; ransom.[Obs.]

Note: This word occurs in old law books in composition, as in danegeld, or danegelt, a tax imposed by the Danes; weregeld, compensation for the life of a man, etc.

GELD Geld, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gelded or Gelt (p. pr. & vb. n. Gelding.] Etym: [Icel. gelda to castrate; akin to Dan. gilde, Sw. gälla, and cf. AS. gilte a young sow, OHG. galt dry, not giving milk, G. gelt, Goth. gilpa siclke.]

1. To castrate; to emasculate.

2. To deprive of anything essential. Bereft and gelded of his patrimony. Shak.

3. To deprive of anything exceptionable; as, to geld a book, or a story; to expurgate. [Obs.] Dryden.

GELDABLE Geld"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being gelded.

GELDABLE Geld"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Geld money.]

Defn: Liable to taxation. [Obs.] Burrill.

GELDER Geld"er, n.

Defn: One who gelds or castrates.

GELDER-ROSE Gel"der-rose, n.

Defn: Same as Guelder-rose.

GELDING Geld"ing, n. Etym: [Icel. gelding a gelding, akin to geldingr wether, eunuch, Sw. gälling gelding, Dan. gilding eunuch. See Geld, v. t.]

Defn: A castrated animal; -- usually applied to a horse, but formerly used also of the human male. They went down both into the water, Philip and the gelding, and Philip baptized him. Wyclif (Acts viii. 38).

GELDING Geld"ing, p. pr. a. & vb. n..

Defn: from Geld, v. t.

GELID Gel"id, a. Etym: [L. gelidus, fr. gelun frost, cold. See Cold, and cf. Congeal, Gelatin, Jelly.]

Defn: Cold; very cold; frozen. "Gelid founts." Thompson.

GELIDITY Ge*lid"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being gelid.

GELIDLY Gel"id*ly, adv.

Defn: In a gelid manner; coldly.

GELIDNESS Gel"id*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being gelid; gelidity.

GELLY Gel"ly, n.

Defn: Jelly. [Obs.] Spenser.

GELOSCOPY Ge*los"copy, n. Etym: [Gr. -scopy.]

Defn: Divination by means of laughter.

GELOSE Ge*lose", n. Etym: [See Gelatin.] (Chem.)

Defn: An amorphous, gummy carbohydrate, found in Gelidium, agar-agar, and other seaweeds.

GELSEMIC Gel*se"mic, a.

Defn: Gelseminic.

GELSEMINE Gel"se*mine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid obtained from the yellow jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens), as a bitter white semicrystalline substance; -- called also gelsemia.

GELSEMINIC Gel`se*min"ic, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, the yellow jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens); as, gelseminic acid, a white crystalline substance resembling esculin.

GELSEMIUM Gel*se"mium, n. Etym: [NL., fr. It. gelsomino jasmine.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of climbing plants. The yellow (false) jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens) is a native of the Southern United States. It has showy and deliciously fragrant flowers.

2. (Med.)

Defn: The root of the yellow jasmine, used in malarial fevers, etc.

GELT Gelt, n. Etym: [See 1st Geld.]

Defn: Trubute, tax. [Obs.] All these the king granted unto them . . . free from all gelts and payments, in a most full and ample manner. Fuller.

GELT Gelt, n. Etym: [See Gelt, v. t.]

Defn: A gelding. [Obs.] Mortimer.

GELT Gelt, n.

Defn: Gilding; tinsel. [Obs.] Spenser.

GEM Gem, n. Etym: [OE. gemme precious stone, F. gemme, fr. L. gemma a precious stone, bud.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A bud. From the joints of thy prolific stem A swelling knot is raised called a gem. Denham.

2. A precious stone of any kind, as the ruby, emerald, topaz, sapphire, beryl, spinel, etc., especially when cut and polished for ornament; a jewel. Milton.

3. Anything of small size, or expressed within brief limits, which is regarded as a gem on account of its beauty or value, as a small picture, a verse of poetry, a witty or wise saying. Artificial gem, an imitation of a gem, made of glass colored with metallic oxide. Cf. Paste, and Strass.

GEM Gem v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gemmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Gemming]

1. To put forth in the form of buds. "Gemmed their blossoms." [R.] Milton.

2. To adorn with gems or precious stones.

3. To embellish or adorn, as with gems; as, a foliage gemmed with dewdrops. England is . . . gemmed with castles and palaces. W. Irving.

GEMARA Ge*ma"ra, n. Etym: [Heb.] (Jewish Law)

Defn: The second part of the Talmud, or the commentary on the Mishna (which forms the first part or text).

GEMARIC Ge*mar"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the Gemara.

GEMARIST Ge*ma"rist, n.

Defn: One versed in the Gemara, or adhering to its teachings.

GEMEL Gem"el, a. Etym: [OF. gemel twin, F. jumeau, L. gemellus twin, doubled, dim. of geminus. See Gemini, and cf. Gimmal.] (Her.)

Defn: Coupled; paired. Bars gemel (Her.), two barrulets placed near and parallel to each other.

GEMEL Gem"el, n.

1. One of the twins. [Obs.] Wyclif.

2. (Heb.)

Defn: One of the barrulets placed parallel and closed to each other. Cf. Bars gemel, under Gemel, a. Two gemels silver between two griffins passant. Strype. Gemel hinge (Locksmithing), a hinge consisting of an eye or loop and a hook. -- Gemel ring, a ring with two or more links; a gimbal. See Gimbal. -- Gemel window, a window with two bays.

GEMELLIPA-ROUS Gem`el*lip"a-rous, a. Etym: [L. gemellipara, fem., gemellus twin + parere to bear, produce.]

Defn: Producing twins. [R.] Bailey.

GEMINAL Gem"i*nal, a. Etym: [L. geminus twin.]

Defn: A pair. [Obs.] Drayton.

GEMINATE Gem"i*nate, a. Etym: [L. geminatus, p.p. of genimare to double. See Gemini.] (Bot.)

Defn: In pairs or twains; two together; binate; twin; as, geminate flowers. Gray.

GEMINATE Gem"i*nate, v. t.

Defn: To double. [R.] B. Jonson.

GEMINATION Gem`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. geminatio.]

Defn: A doubling; duplication; repetition. [R.] Boyle.

GEMINI Gem"i*ni, n. pl. Etym: [L., twins, pl. of geminus; cf. Skr. j related as brother or sister.] (Astron.)

Defn: A constellation of the zodiac, containing the two bright stars Castor and Pollux; also, the third sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about May 20th.

GEMINIFLOROUS Gem`i*ni*flo"rous, a. Etym: [L. geminus twin + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the flowers arranged in pairs.

GEMINOUS Gem"i*nous, a. Etym: [L. geminus.]

Defn: Double; in pairs. Sir T. Browne.

GEMINY Gemi*ny, n. Etym: [See Gemini.]

Defn: Twins; a pair; a couple. [Obs.] Shak.

GEMITORES Gem`i*to"res, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. gemere, gemitum, to sign, moan.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of birds including the true pigeons.

GEMMA Gem"ma, n.; pl. Gemmæ. Etym: [L., a bud.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A leaf bud, as distinguished from a flower bud.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: A bud spore; one of the small spores or buds in the reproduction of certain Protozoa, which separate one at a time from the parent cell.

GEMMACEOUS Gem*ma"ceous, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to gems or to gemmæ; of the nature of, or resembling, gems or gemmæ.

GEMMARY Gem"ma*ry, a. Etym: [L. gemmarius. See Gem.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to gems.

GEMMARY Gem"ma*ry, n.

Defn: A receptacle for jewels or gems; a jewel house; jewels or gems, collectively.

GEMMATE Gem"mate, a. Etym: [L. gemmatus, p. p. of gemmare to put forth buds, fr. gemma bud.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having buds; reproducing by buds.

GEMMATED Gem"ma*ted, a.

Defn: Having buds; adorned with gems or jewels.

GEMMATION Gem*ma"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. gemmation.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: The formation of a new individual, either animal or vegetable, by a process of budding; an asexual method of reproduction; gemmulation; gemmiparity. See Budding.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The arrangement of buds on the stalk; also, of leaves in the bud.

GEMMEOUS Gem"me*ous, a. Etym: [L. gemmeus. See Gem.]

Defn: Pertaining to gems; of the nature of gems; resembling gems. Pennant.

GEMMIFEROUS Gem*mif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. gemma bud + -ferous: cf. F. gemmifère.]

Defn: Producing gems or buds; (Biol.)

Defn: multiplying by buds.

GEMMIFICATION Gem`mi*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. gemma bud + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] (Biol.)

Defn: The production of a bud or gem.

GEMMIFLORATE Gem`mi*flo"rate, a. Etym: [L. gemma bud + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having flowers like buds.

GEMMINESS Gem"mi*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being gemmy; spruceness; smartness.

GEMMIPARA; GEMMIPARES Gem*mip"a*ra Gem*mip"a*res n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. gemma bud + parere to produce.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Animals which increase by budding, as hydroids.

GEMMIPARITY Gem`mi*par"i*ty, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Reproduction by budding; gemmation. See Budding.

GEMMIPAROUS Gem*mip"a*rous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. gemmipare.] (Biol.)

Defn: Producing buds; reproducing by buds. See Gemmation, 1.

GEMMOSITY Gem*mos"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. gemmosus set with jewels. See Gem.]

Defn: The quality or characteristics of a gem or jewel. [Obs.] Bailey.

GEMMULATION Gem`mu*la"tion, n. Etym: [From L. gemmula, dim. of gemma bud.] (Biol.)

Defn: See Gemmation.

GEMMULE Gem"mule, n. Etym: [L. gemmula, dim. of gemma: cf. F. gemmule. See Gem.]

1. (Bot.) (a) A little leaf bud, as the plumule between the cotyledons. (b) One of the buds of mosses. (c) One of the reproductive spores of algæ. (d) An ovule.

2. (Biol.) (a) A bud produced in generation by gemmation. (b) One of the imaginary granules or atoms which, according to Darwin's hypothesis of pangenesis, are continually being thrown off from every cell or unit, and circulate freely throughout the system, and when supplied with proper nutriment multiply by self-division and ultimately develop into cells like those from which they were derived. They are supposed to be transmitted from the parent to the offspring, but are often transmitted in a dormant state during many generations and are then developed. See Pangenesis.

GEMMULIFEROUS Gem`mu*lif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Gemmule + -ferous.]

Defn: Bearing or producing gemmules or buds.

GEMMY Gem"my, a. Etym: [From Gem, n.]

1. Full of gems; bright; glittering like a gem. The gemmy bridle glittered free. Tennyson.

2. Spruce; smart. [Colloq. Eng.]

GEMOTE Ge*mote", n. Etym: [As. gem an assembly. See Meet, v. t.] (AS. Hist.)

Defn: A meeting; -- used in combination, as, Witenagemote, an assembly of the wise men.

GEMS Gems, n. Etym: [G.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The chamois.