Chapter CCCLIII: Prologue (4)

Defn: A stringed instrument of music used by the Hebrews, the form of which is not known. Praise the Lord with harp; sing unto him with the psaltery and an instrument of ten strings. Ps. xxxiii. 2.

PSAMMITE Psam"mite, n. Etym: [Gr. psammite.] (Min.)

Defn: A species of micaceous sandstone. -- Psam*mit"ic, a.

PSAROLITE Psar"o*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A silicified stem of tree fern, found in abundance in the Triassic sandstone.

PSELLISM Psel"lism, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Indistinct pronunciation; stammering.

PSEPHISM Pse"phism, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A proposition adopted by a majority of votes; especially, one adopted by vote of the Athenian people; a statute. J. P. Mahaffy.

PSEUDAESTHESIA Pseu`dæs*the"si*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Æsthesia.] (Physiol.)

Defn: False or imaginary feeling or sense perception such as occurs in hypochondriasis, or such as is referred to an organ that has been removed, as an amputated foot.

PSEUDEMBRYO Pseu*dem"bry*o, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + embryo.] (Zoöl.) (a) A false embryo. (b) An asexual form from which the true embryo is produced by budding.

PSEUDEPIGRAPHIC; PSEUDEPIGRAPHIC Pseu*dep`i*graph"ic, Pseu*dep`i*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pseudepigraphy.

PSEUDEPIGRAPHOUS Pseu`de*pig"ra*phous, a. Etym: [Gr. Pseudo-, and Epigraphy.]

Defn: Inscribed with a false name. Cudworth.

PSEUDEPIGRAPHY Pseu`de*pig"ra*phy, n.

Defn: The ascription of false names of authors to works.

PSEUDHAEMAL Pseud*hæ"mal, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + hæmal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the vascular system of annelids. Pseudhæmal fluid, the circulatory fluid, or blood, of annelids, analogous to the blood of vertebrates. It is often red, but is sometimes green or colorless. -- Pseudhæmal vessels, the blood vessels of annelids.

PSEUDO- Pseu"do-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A combining form or prefix signifying false, counterfeit, pretended, spurious; as, pseudo-apostle, a false apostle; pseudo- clergy, false or spurious clergy; pseudo-episcopacy, pseudo-form, pseudo-martyr, pseudo-philosopher. Also used adjectively.

PSEUDOBACTERIA Pseu`do*bac*te"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [Pseudo- + bacteria.] (Biol.)

Defn: Microscopic organic particles, molecular granules, powdered inorganic substances, etc., which in form, size, and grouping resemble bacteria.

Note: The globules which divide and develop in form of chains are organized beings; when this does not occur, we are dealing with pseudobacteria. Sternberg.

PSEUDOBLEPSIS Pseu`do*blep"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: False or depraved sight; imaginary vision of objects. Forsyth.

PSEUDOBRANCH Pseu"do*branch, n. (Anat.)

Defn: Same as Pseudobranchia.

PSEUDOBRANCHIA Pseu`do*bran"chi*a, n.; pl. Pseudobranchiæ. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Branchia.] (Anat.)

Defn: A rudimentary branchia, or gill. -- Pseu`do*bran"chi*al, a.

PSEUDO-BULB Pseu"do-bulb`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + bulb.] (Bot.)

Defn: An aërial corm, or thickened stem, as of some epiphytic orchidaceous plants.

PSEUDOCARP Pseu"do*carp, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: That portion of an anthocarpous fruit which is not derived from the ovary, as the soft part of a strawberry or of a fig.

PSEUDO-CHINA Pseu`do-chi"na, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + china.] (Bot.)

Defn: The false china root, a plant of the genus Smilax (S. Pseudo- china), found in America.

PSEUDOCOELE Pseu"do*coele, n.

Defn: Same as Pseudocoelia.

PSEUDOCOELIA Pseu`do*coe"li*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The fifth ventricle in the mammalian brain. See Ventricle. B. G. Wilder.

PSEUDO-CONE Pseu"do-cone`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + cone.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the soft gelatinous cones found in the compound eyes of certain insects, taking the place of the crystalline cones of others.

PSEUDO-CUMENE Pseu`do-cu"mene, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + cumene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon of the aromatic series, metameric with mesitylene and cumene, found in coal tar, and obtained as a colorless liquid.

PSEUDO-DIPTERAL Pseu`do-dip"ter*al, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + dipteral: cf. F. pseudodiptère.] (Arch.)

Defn: Falsely or imperfectly dipteral, as a temple with the inner range of columns surrounding the cella omitted, so that the space between the cella wall and the columns is very great, being equal to two intercolumns and one column. -- n.

Defn: A pseudo-dipteral temple.

PSEUDODOX Pseu"do*dox, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Not true in opinion or doctrine; false. -- n.

Defn: A false opinion or doctrine. "To maintain the atheistical pseudodox which judgeth evil good, and darkness light." T. Adams.

PSEUDOFILARIA Pseu`do*fi*la"ri*a, n.; pl. Pseudofilari. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Filaria.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the two elongated vibratile young formed by fission of the embryo during the development of certain Gregarinæ.

PSEUDO-GALENA Pseu`do-ga*le"na, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + galena.] (Min.)

Defn: False galena, or blende. See Blende (a).

PSEUDOGRAPH Pseu"do*graph, n. Etym: [See Pseudography.]

Defn: A false writing; a spurious document; a forgery.

PSEUDOGRAPHY Pseu*dog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: False writing; forgery.

PSEUDOHALTER Pseu`do*hal"ter, n.; pl. Pseudohalteres. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Halteres.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the rudimentary front wings of certain insects (Stylops). They resemble the halteres, or rudimentary hind wings, of Diptera.

PSEUDO-HEART Pseu"do-heart`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + heart.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any contractile vessel of invertebrates which is not of the nature of a real heart, especially one of those pertaining to the excretory system.

PSEUDO-HYPERTHOPHIC Pseu`do-hy`per*thoph"ic, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + hypertrophic.] (Med.)

Defn: Falsely hypertrophic; as, pseudo-hypertrophic paralysis, a variety of paralysis in which the muscles are apparently enlarged, but are really degenerated and replaced by fat.

PSEUDOLOGIST Pseu*dol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who utters falsehoods; a liar.

PSEUDOLOGY Pseu*dol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. pseudologie.]

Defn: Falsehood of speech. Arbuthnot.

PSEUDO-METALLIC Pseu`do-me*tal"lic, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + metallic.]

Defn: Falsely or imperfectly metallic; -- said of a kind of luster, as in minerals.

PSEUDO-MONOCOTYLEDONOUS Pseu`do-mon`o*cot`y*led"on*ous, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + monocotyledonous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two coalescent cotyledons, as the live oak and the horse-chestnut.

PSEUDOMORPH Pseu"do*morph, n. Etym: [See Pseudomorphous.]

1. An irregular or deceptive form.

2. (Crystallog.)

Defn: A pseudomorphous crystal, as a crystal consisting of quartz, but having the cubic form of fluor spar, the fluor crystal having been changed to quartz by a process of substitution.

PSEUDOMORPHISM Pseu`do*mor"phism, n. (Crystallog.)

Defn: The state of having, or the property of taking, a crystalline form unlike that which belongs to the species.

PSEUDOMORPHOUS Pseu`do*mor"phous, a. Etym: [Gr. pseudomorphe.]

Defn: Not having the true form. Pseudomorphous crystal, one which has a form that does not result from its own powers of crystallization.

PSEUDONAVICELLA Pseu`do*nav`i*cel"la, n.; pl. Pseudonavicullæ. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pseudonavicula.

PSEUDONAVICULA Pseu`do*na*vic"u*la, n.; pl. Pseudonaviculæ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. navicula, a genus of diatoms. See Navicular.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the minute spindle-shaped embryos of Gregarinæ and some other Protozoa.

PSEUDONEUROPTERA Pseu`do*neu*rop"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Neuroptera.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: division of insects (Zoöl.) reticulated wings, as in the Neuroptera, but having an active pupa state. It includes the dragon flies, May flies, white ants, etc. By some zoölogists they are classed with the Orthoptera; by others, with the Neuroptera.

PSEUDONEUROPTEROUS Pseu`do*neu*rop"ter*ous, a. (Zool.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pseudoneuroptera.

PSEUDONYM Pseu"do*nym, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pseudonyme. See Pseudonymous.]

Defn: A fictitious name assumed for the time, as by an author; a pen name. [Written also pseudonyme.]

PSEUDONYMITY Pseu`do*nym"i*ty, n.

Defn: The using of fictitious names, as by authors.

PSEUDONYMOUS Pseu*don"y*mous, a. Etym: [Gr. pseudonyme. See Pseudo-, and Name.]

Defn: Bearing a false or fictitious name; as, a pseudonymous work. -- Pseu*don"y*mous*ly, adv. -- Pseu*don"y*mous*ness, n.

PSEUDO-PERIPTERAL Pseu`do-pe*rip"ter*al, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + peripteral: cf. F. pseudopériptère.] (Arch.)

Defn: Falsely or imperfectly peripteral, as a temple having the columns at the sides attached to the walls, and an ambulatory only at the ends or only at one end. -- n.

Defn: A pseudo-peripteral temple. Oxf. Gloss.

PSEUDO-PERIPTERAL Pseu`do-pe*rip"ter*al, a. [Pseudo- + peripteral: cf. F. pseudopériptère.] (Arch.)

Defn: Falsely or imperfectly peripteral, as a temple having the columns at the sides attached to the walls, and an ambulatory only at the ends or only at one end. -- n.

Defn: A pseudo-peripteral temple. Oxf. Gloss.

PSEUDOPOD Pseu"do*pod, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + -pod.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Any protoplasmic filament or irregular process projecting from any unicellular organism, or from any animal or plant call.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A rhizopod.

PSEUDOPODIAL Pseu`do*po"di*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pseudopod, or to pseudopodia. See Illust. of Heliozoa.

PSEUDOPODIUM Pseu`do*po"di*um, n.; pl. Pseudopodia (. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Same as Pseudopod.

PSEUDOPUPA Pseu`do*pu"pa, n.; pl. L. Pseudopupæ, E. Pseudopupas. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Pupa.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A stage intermediate between the larva and pupa of bees and certain other hymenopterous insects.

PSEUDORHABDITE Pseu`do*rhab"dite, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the peculiar rodlike corpuscles found in the integument of certain Turbellaria. They are filled with a soft granular substance.

PSEUDO-ROMANTIC Pseu`do-ro*man"tic, a. Etym: Pseudo- + romantic.]

Defn: Falsely romantic. The false taste, the pseudo-romantic rage. De Quincey.

PSEUDOSCOPE Pseu"do*scope, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + -scope.] (Opt.)

Defn: An instrument which exhibits objects with their proper relief reversed; -- an effect opposite to that produced by the stereoscope. Wheatstone.

PSEUDOSCOPIC Pseu`do*scop"ic, a. (Opt.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or formed by, a pseudoscope; having its parts appearing with the relief reversed; as, a pseudoscopic image.

PSEUDOSCORPIONES Pseu`do*scor`pi*o"nes, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Scorpion.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Arachnoidea having the palpi terminated by large claws, as in the scorpions, but destitute of a caudal sting; the false scorpions. Called also Pseudoscorpii, and Pseudoscorpionina. See Illust. of Book scorpion, under Book.

PSEUDOSPHERE Pseu"do*sphere`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + sphere.] (Geom.)

Defn: The surface of constant negative curvature generated by the revolution of a tractrix. This surface corresponds in non-Euclidian space to the sphere in ordinary space. An important property of the surface is that any figure drawn upon it can be displaced in any way without tearing it or altering in size any of its elements.

PSEUDOSPORE Pseu"do*spore`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + spore.] (Bot.)

Defn: A peculiar reproductive cell found in some fungi.

PSEUDOSTELLA Pseu`do*stel"la, n.; pl. -læ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. stella star.] (Astron.)

Defn: Any starlike meteor or phenomenon. [R.]

PSEUDOSTOMA Pseu*dos"to*ma, n.; pl. Pseudostomata. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Stoma.] (Anat.)

Defn: A group of cells resembling a stoma, but without any true aperture among them.

PSEUDO-SYMMETRIC Pseu`do-sym*met"ric, a. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Exhibiting pseudo-symmetry.

PSEUDO-SYMMETRY Pseu`do-sym"me*try, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + symmetry.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: A kind of symmetry characteristic of certain crystals which from twinning, or other causes, come to resemble forms of a system other than that to which they belong, as the apparently hexagonal prisms of aragonite.

PSEUDOTETRAMERA Pseu`do*te*tram"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Tetramerous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of beetles having the fifth tarsal joint minute and obscure, so that there appear to be but four joints. -- Pseu`do*te*tram"er*al, a.

PSEUDOTINEA Pseu`do*tin"e*a (, n.; pl. Pseudotineæ. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Tinea.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The bee moth, or wax moth (Galleria).

PSEUDOTURBINAL Pseu`do*tur"bi*nal, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + turbinal.] (Anat.)

Defn: See under Turbinal.

PSEUDOVARY Pseu*do"va*ry, n.; pl. Pseudovaries. Etym: [Pseudo- + ovary.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The organ in which pseudova are produced; -- called also pseudovarium.

PSEUDOVUM Pseu*do"vum, n.; pl. Pseudova. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Ovum.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An egglike germ produced by the agamic females of some insects and other animals, and by the larvæ of certain insects. It is capable of development without fertilization. See Illust. of Pædogenesis.

PSHAW Pshaw, interj. Etym: [Of imitative origin.]

Defn: Pish! pooch! -- an exclamation used as an expression of contempt, disdain, dislike, etc. [Written also psha.]

PSHAW Pshaw, v. i.

Defn: To express disgust or contemptuous disapprobation, as by the exclamation " Pshaw!" The goodman used regularly to frown and pshaw wherever this topic was touched upon. Sir W. Scott.

PSILANTHROPIC Psi`lan*throp"ic, a. Etym: [see Psilanthropist.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or embodying, psilanthropy. "A psilanthropic explanation." Coleridge.

PSILANTHROPISM Psi*lan"thro*pism, n.

Defn: Psilanthropy.

PSILANTHROPIST Psi*lan"thro*pist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who believes that Christ was a mere man. Smart.

PSILANTHROPY Psi*lan"thro*py, n.

Defn: The doctrine of the merely human existence of Christ.

PSILOLOGY Psi*lol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr -logy.]

Defn: Love of empty of empty talk or noise. Coleridge.

PSILOMELANE Psi*lom"e*lane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous oxide of manganese, occurring in smooth, botryoidal forms, and massive, and having an iron-black or steel-gray color.

PSILOPAEDES Psi`lo*pæ"des, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: birds whose young at first have down on the pterylæ only; -- called also Gymnopædes.

PSILOPAEDIC Psi`lo*pæd"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having down upon the pterylæ only; -- said of the young of certain birds.

PSILOSOPHER Psi*los"o*pher, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A superficial or narrow pretender to philosophy; a sham philosopher.

PSITTACEOUS; PSITTACID Psit*ta"ceous, Psit"ta*cid, a. Etym: [L. psittacus a parrot, Gr. psittacide.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the parrots, or the Psittaci. -- n.

Defn: One of the Psittaci.

PSITTACI Psit"ta*ci, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The order of birds which comprises the parrots.

PSITTA-CO-FULVINE Psit`ta-co-ful"*vine, n. Etym: [Gr. fulvus yellow.]

Defn: A yellow pigment found in the feathers of certain parrots.

PSOAS Pso"as, n. Etym: [Gr. psoas.] (Anat.)

Defn: An internal muscle arising from the lumbar vertebræ and inserted into the femur. In man there are usually two on each side, and the larger one, or great psoas, forms a part of the iliopsoas.

PSORA Pso"ra, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A cutaneous disease; especially, the itch.

PSORIASIS Pso*ri"a*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) The state of being affected with psora. [Obs.] (b) A cutaneous disease, characterized by imbricated silvery scales, affecting only the superficial layers of the skin.

PSORIC Pso"ric, a. Etym: [L. psoricus, Gr. psorique.] (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to psora.

PSOROSPERM Pso"ro*sperm, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A minute parasite, usually the young of Gregarinæ, in the pseudonavicula stage.

PSYCHAGOGIC Psy`cha*gog"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Psychagogue.]

Defn: Attractive; persuasive. J. Morley.

PSYCHAGOGUE Psy"cha*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A necromancer. [R.]

PSYCHAL Psy"chal, a. Etym: [See Psychical.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the soul; psychical. Bayne.

PSYCHANALYSIS Psy`cha*nal"y*sis, n. [Psycho-+ analysis.]

Defn: A method or process of psychotherapeutic analysis based on the work of Dr. Sigmund Freud (1856- --) of Vienna. The method rests upon the theory that hysteria is characteristically due to repression of desires consciously rejected but subconsciously persistent; it consists in a close analysis of the patient's mental history, stress being laid upon the dream life, and of treatment by means of suggestion. -- Psy*chan`a*lyt"ic (#), a. -- Psy`cha*nal"y*sist (#), n.

PSYCHE Psy"che, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class Myth.)

Defn: A lovely maiden, daughter of a king and mistress of Eros, or Cupid. She is regarded as the personification of the soul.

2. The soul; the vital principle; the mind.

3. Etym: [F. psyché.]

Defn: A cheval glass.

PSYCHIAN Psy"chi*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any small moth of the genus Psyche and allied genera (family Psychidæ). The larvæ are called basket worms. See Basket worm, under Basket.

PSYCHIATRIA; PSYCHIATRY Psy*chi`a*tri"a, Psy*chi"a*try, n. Etym: [NL. psychiatria, fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The application of the healing art to mental diseases. Dunglison.

PSYCHIATRIC Psy`chi*at"ric, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to psychiatria.

PSYCHIC; PSYCHICAL Psy"chic, Psy"chic*al, a. Etym: [L. psychicus, Gr. psychique.]

1. Of or pertaining to the human soul, or to the living principle in man.

Note: This term was formerly used to express the same idea as psychological. Recent metaphysicians, however, have employed it to mark the difference between psychh` the living principle in man, and pney^ma the rational or spiritual part of his nature. In this use, the word describes the human soul in its relation to sense, appetite, and the outer visible world, as distinguished from spiritual or rational faculties, which have to do with the supersensible world. Heyse.

2. Of or pertaining to the mind, or its functions and diseases; mental; -- contrasted with physical. Psychical blindness, Psychical deafness (Med.), forms of nervous disease in which, while the senses of sight and hearing remain unimpaired, the mind fails to appreciate the significance of the sounds heard or the images seen. -- Psychical contagion, the transference of disease, especially of a functional nervous disease, by mere force of example. -- Psychical medicine, that department of medicine which treats of mental diseases.

PSYCHICS Psy"chics, n.

Defn: Psychology.

PSYCHISM Psy"chism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. psychisme.] (Philos.)

Defn: The doctrine of Quesne, that there is a fluid universally diffused, end equally animating all living beings, the difference in their actions being due to the difference of the individual organizations. Fleming.

PSYCHO- Psy"cho-.

Defn: A combining form from Gr. the soul, the mind, the understanding; as, psychology.

PSYCHOANALYSIS; PSYCHOANALYTIC Psy`cho*a*nal"y*sis, n. --Psy`cho*an`a*lyt"ic, a. etc.

Defn: = Psychanalysis, Psychanalytic.

PSYCHOGENESIS Psy`cho*gen"e*sis, n.

Defn: Genesis through an internal force, as opposed to natural selection.

PSYCHOGRAPHY Psy*chog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Psycho- + -graphy.]

1. A description of the phenomena of mind.

2. (Spiritualism)

Defn: Spirit writing.

PSYCHOLOGIC; PSYCHOLOGICAL Psy`cho*log"ic, Psy`cho*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. psychologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to psychology. See Note under Psychic. -- Psy`cho*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

PSYCHOLOGIST Psy*chol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. psychologiste.]

Defn: One who is versed in, devoted to, psychology.

PSYCHOLOGUE Psy"cho*logue, n.

Defn: A psychologist.

PSYCHOLOGY Psy*chol"o*gy, n. pl. Psychologies (. Etym: [Psycho- + -logy: cf. F. psychologie. See Psychical.]

Defn: The science of the human soul; specifically, the systematic or scientific knowledge of the powers and functions of the human soul, so far as they are known by consciousness; a treatise on the human soul. Psychology, the science conversant about the phenomena of the mind, or conscious subject, or self. Sir W. Hamilton.

PSYCHOMACHY Psy*chom"a*chy, n. Etym: [L. psychomachia, fr. Gr.

Defn: A conflict of the soul with the body.

PSYCHOMANCY Psy"cho*man`cy, n. Etym: [Psycho- + -mancy: cf. F. psychomancie.]

Defn: Necromancy.

PSYCHOMETRY Psy*chom"e*try, n. Etym: [Psycho- + -metry.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The art of measuring the duration of mental processes, or of determining the time relations of mental phenomena. -- Psy`cho*met"ric, a.

PSYCHO-MOTOR Psy`cho-mo"tor, a. Etym: [Psycho- + motor.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to movement produced by action of the mind or will.

PSYCHOPANNYCHISM Psy"cho*pan"ny*chism, n. Etym: [Psycho- + Gr. (Theol.)

Defn: The doctrine that the soul falls asleep at death, and does not wake until the resurrection of the body. -- Psy`cho*pan"ny*chism, n.

PSYCHOPATHY Psy*chop"a*thy, n. Etym: [Psycho- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Mental disease. See Psychosis, 2. -- Psy`cho*path"ic, a. -- Psy*chop"a*thist, n.

PSYCHOPHYSICAL Psy`cho*phys"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to psychophysics; involving the action or mutual relations of the psychical and physical in man. Psychophysical time (Physiol.), the time required for the mind to transform a sensory impression into a motor impulse. It is an important part of physiological or reaction time. See under Reaction.

PSYCHOPHYSICS Psy`cho*phys"ics, n. Etym: [Psycho- + physics.]

Defn: The science of the connection between nerve action and consciousness; the science which treats of the relations of the psychical and physical in their conjoint operation in man; the doctrine of the relation of function or dependence between body and soul.

PSYCHOPOMP Psy"cho*pomp, n. Etym: [Gr. psychopompe.] (Myth.)

Defn: A leader or guide of souls . J. Fiske.

PSYCHOSIS Psy*cho"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Psycho-.]

1. Any vital action or activity. Mivart.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A disease of the mind; especially, a functional mental disorder, that is, one unattended with evident organic changes.

PSYCHOTHERAPEUTICS Psy`cho*ther`a*peu"tics, n. [Psycho- + therapeutics.] (Med.)

Defn: The treatment of disease by acting on the mind, as by suggestion; mind cure; psychotherapy.

PSYCHOTHERAPY Psy`cho*ther"a*py, n. [Psycho-+ therapy.] (Med.)

Defn: Psychotherapeutics.

PSYCHOZOIC Psy`cho*zo"ic, a. Etym: [Psycho- + Gr. (Geol.)

Defn: Designating, or applied to the Era of man; as, the psychozoic era.

PSYCHROMETER Psy*chrom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. psychro`s cold + -meter: cf. F. psychromètre.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the tension of the aqueous vapor in the atmosphere, being essentially a wet and dry bulb hygrometer.

PSYCHROMETRICAL Psy`chro*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the psychrometer or psychrometry.

PSYCHROMETRY Psy*chrom"e*try, n.

Defn: Hygrometry.

PSYLLA Psyl"la, n.; pl. Psyllæ. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any leaping plant louse of the genus Psylla, or family Psyllidæ.

PTARMIGAN Ptar"mi*gan, n. Etym: [Gael. tarmachan; cf. Ir. tarmochan, tarmonach.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any grouse of the genus Lagopus, of which numerous species are known. The feet are completely feathered. Most of the species are brown in summer, but turn white, or nearly white, in winter.

Note: They chiefly inhabit the northern countries and high mountains of Europe, Asia, and America. The common European species is Lagopus mutus. The Scotch grouse, red grouse, or moor fowl (L. Scoticus), is reddish brown, and does not turn white in winter. The white, or willow, ptarmigan (L. albus) is found in both Europe and America.

PTENOGLOSSA Pte`no*glos"sa, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of gastropod mollusks having the teeth of the radula arranged in long transverse rows, somewhat like the barbs of a feather.

PTENOGLOSSATE Pte`no*glos"sate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Ptenoglossa.

PTERANODON Pte*ran"o*don, n. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of American Cretaceous pterodactyls destitute of teeth. Several species are known, some of which had an expanse of wings of twenty feet or more.

PTERANODONTIA Pte*ran`o*don"ti*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A group of pterodactyls destitute of teeth, as in the genus Pteranodon.

PTERICHTHYS Pte*rich"thys, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of Devonian fossil fishes with winglike appendages. The head and most of the body were covered with large bony plates. See Placodermi.

PTERIDOLOGIST Pter`i*dol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who is versed in pteridology.

PTERIDOLOGY Pter`i*dol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: That department of botany which treats of ferns.

PTERIDOMANIA Pter`i*do*ma"ni*a, n. Etym: [Gr. mania.]

Defn: A madness, craze, or strong fancy, for ferns. [R.] C. Kingsley.

PTERIDOPHYTA Pter`i*doph"y*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A class of flowerless plants, embracing ferns, horsetails, club mosses, quillworts, and other like plants. See the Note under Cryptogamia. -- Pter"i*do*phyte`, n.

Note: This is a modern term, devised to replace the older ones acrogens and vascular Cryptogamia.

PTEROBRANCHIA Pter`o*bran"chi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of marine Bryozoa, having a bilobed lophophore and an axial cord. The genus Rhabdopleura is the type. Called also Podostomata. See Rhabdopleura.

PTEROCERAS Pte*roc"e*ras, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of large marine gastropods having the outer border of the lip divided into lobes; -- called also scorpion shell.

PTEROCLETES Pter`o*cle"tes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr Pterocles, the typical genus, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of birds including the sand grouse. They are in some respects intermediate between the pigeons and true grouse. Called also Pteroclomorphæ.

PTERODACTYL Pter`o*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [Gr. ptérodactyle.] (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct flying reptile; one of the Pterosauria. See Illustration in Appendix.

PTERODACTYLI Pter`o*dac"ty*li, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: Same as Pterosauria.

PTEROGLOSSAL Pter`o*glos"sal, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the tongue finely notched along the sides, so as to have a featherlike appearance, as the toucans.

PTERON Pte"ron, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The region of the skull, in the temporal fossa back of the orbit, where the great wing of the sphenoid, the temporal, the parietal, and the frontal hones approach each other.

PTEROPAPPI Pter`o*pap"pi, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zool.)

Defn: Same as Odontotormæ.

PTEROPHORE Pter"o*phore, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any moth of the genus Pterophorus and allied genera; a plume moth. See Plume moth, under Plume.

PTEROPOD Pter"o*pod, n. Etym: [Gr. ptéropode.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Pteropoda.

PTEROPODA Pte*rop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A class of Mollusca in which the anterior lobes of the foot are developed in the form of broad, thin, winglike organs, with which they swim at near the surface of the sea.

Note: The Pteropoda are divided into two orders: Cymnosomata, which have the body entirely naked and the head distinct from the wings; and Thecosomata, which have a delicate transparent shell of various forms, and the head not distinct from the wings.

PTEROPODOUS Pte*rop"o*dous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pteropoda.

PTEROSAUR Pter"o*saur, n. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A pterodactyl.

PTEROSAURIA Pter`o*sau"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct order of flying reptiles of the Mesozoic age; the pterodactyls; -- called also Pterodactyli, and Ornithosauria.

Note: The wings were formed, like those of bats, by a leathery expansion of the skin, principally supported by the greatly enlarged outer or " little" fingers of the hands. The American Cretaceous pterodactyls had no teeth. See Pteranodontia, and Pterodactyl.

PTEROSAURIAN Pter`o*sau"ri*an, a. (Paleon.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pterosauria.

PTEROSTIGMA Pter`o*stig"ma, n.; pl. Pterostigmata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A thickened opaque spot on the wings of certain insects.

PTEROTIC Pte*ro"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to, or designating, a bone between the proötic and epiotic in the dorsal and outer part of the periotic capsule of many fishes. -- n.

Defn: The pterotic bone.

Note: The pterotic bone is so called because fancied in some cases to resemble in form a bird's wing

PTERYGIUM Pte*ryg"i*um, n.; pl. E. Pterygiums, L. Pterygia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A superficial growth of vascular tissue radiating in a fanlike manner from the cornea over the surface of the eye.

PTERYGOID Pter"y*goid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Anat.) (a) Like a bird's wing in form; as, a pterygoid bone. (b) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pterygoid bones, pterygoid processes, or the whole sphenoid bone. -- n.

Defn: A pterygoid bone. Pterygoid bone (Anat.), a bone which corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the human skull, but which, in all vertebrates below mammals, is not connected with the posterior nares, but serves to connect the palatine bones with the point of suspension of the lower jaw. -- Pterygoid process (Anat.), a process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in man divided into two plates, an inner and an outer. The posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes.

PTERYGOMAXILLARY Pter`y*go*max"il*la*ry, a. Etym: [Pterygoid + maxillary.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the inner pterygoid plate, or pterygoid bone, and the lower jaw.

PTERYGOPALATINE Pter`y*go*pal"a*tine, a. Etym: [Pterygoid + palatine.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pterygoid processes and the palatine bones.

PTERYGOPODIUM Pter`y*go*po"di*um, n.; pl. Pterygopodia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A specially modified part of the ventral fin in male elasmobranchs, which serves as a copulatory organ, or clasper.

PTERYGOQUADRATE Pter`y*go*quad"rate, a. Etym: [Pterygoid + quadrate.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or representing the pterygoid and quadrate bones or cartilages.

PTERYLA Pte*ry"la, n.; pl. Pterylæ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the definite areas of the skin of a bird on which feathers grow; -- contrasted with apteria.

PTERYLOGRAPHY Pter`y*log"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Pteryla + -graphy.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The study or description of the arrangement of feathers, or of the pterylæ, of birds.

PTERYLOSIS Pter`y*lo"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. NL. & E. pteryla.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The arrangement of feathers in definite areas.

PTILOCERQUE Ptil"o*cerque, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zool.)

Defn: The pentail.

PTILOPAEDES Ptil`o*pæ"des, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Dasypædes.

PTILOPAEDIC Ptil`o*pæd"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having nearly the whole surface of the skin covered with down; dasypædic; -- said of the young of certain birds.

PTILOPTERI Pti*lop"te*ri, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of birds including only the penguins.

PTILOSIS Pti*lo"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pterylosis.

PTISAN Ptis"an, n. Etym: [L. ptisana peeled barley, barley water, Gr. ptisane, tisane.]

1. A decoction of barley with other ingredients; a farinaceous drink.

2. (Med.)

Defn: An aqueous medicine, containing little, if any, medicinal agent; a tea or tisane.

PTOLEMAIC Ptol`e*ma"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Ptolemy, the geographer and astronomer. Ptolemaic system (Astron.), the system maintained by Ptolemy, who supposed the earth to be fixed in the center of the universe, with the sun and stars revolving around it. This theory was received for ages, until superseded by the Copernican system.

PTOLEMAIST Ptol"e*ma`ist, n.

Defn: One who accepts the astronomical system of Ptolemy.

PTOMAINE Pto"ma*ine, n. Etym: [From Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: One of a class of animal bases or alkaloids formed in the putrefaction of various kinds of albuminous matter, and closely related to the vegetable alkaloids; a cadaveric poison. The ptomaines, as a class, have their origin in dead matter, by which they are to be distinguished from the leucomaines.

PTOSIS Pto"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Drooping of the upper eyelid, produced by paralysis of its levator muscle.

PTYALIN Pty"a*lin, n. Etym: [Gr. Ptyalism.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An unorganized amylolytic ferment, on enzyme, present in human mixed saliva and in the saliva of some animals.

PTYALISM Pty"a*lism, n. Etym: [Gr. ptyalisme.]

Defn: Salivation, or an excessive flow of saliva. Quain.

PTYALOGOGUE Pty*al"o*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A ptysmagogue.

PTYSMAGOGUE Ptys"ma*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. ptysmagogue.] (Med.)

Defn: A medicine that promotes the discharge of saliva.

PTYXIS Ptyx"is, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The way in which a leaf is sometimes folded in the bud.

PUBBLE Pub"ble, a. Etym: [Perhaps fr. bubble.]

Defn: Puffed out, pursy; pudgy; fat. [Obs.] Drant.

PUBERAL Pu"ber*al, a. Etym: [From L. puber, pubes, grown up, adult.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to puberty.

PUBERTY Pu"ber*ty, n. Etym: [L. pubertas, fr. puber, pubes, adult: cf. F. puberté.]

1. The earliest age at which persons are capable of begetting or bearing children, usually considered, in temperate climates, to be about fourteen years in males and twelve in females.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The period when a plant first bears flowers.

PUBERULENT Pu*ber"u*lent, a. Etym: [See Pubis.] (Bot.)

Defn: Very minutely downy.

PUBES Pu"bes, n. Etym: [L., the hair which appears on the body at puberty, from pubes adult.]

1. (Anat.) (a) The hair which appears upon the lower part of the hypogastric region at the age of puberty. (b) Hence (as more commonly used), the lower part of the hypogastric region; the pubic region.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The down of plants; a downy or villous substance which grows on plants; pubescence.

PUBESCENCE Pu*bes"cence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pubescence.]

1. The quality or state of being pubescent, or of having arrived at puberty. Sir T. Browne.

2. A covering of soft short hairs, or down, as one some plants and insects; also, the state of being so covered.

PUBESCENCY Pu*bes"cen*cy, n.

Defn: Pubescence.

PUBESCENT Pu*bes"cent, a. Etym: [L. pubescens, -entis, p. pr. of pubescere to reach puberty, to grow hairy or mossy, fr. pubes pubes: cf. F. pubescent.]

1. Arrived at puberty. That . . . the men (are) pubescent at the age of twice seven, is accounted a punctual truth. Sir T. Browne.

2. Covered with pubescence, or fine short hairs, as certain insects, and the leaves of some plants.

PUBIC Pu"bic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pubes; in the region of the pubes; as, the pubic bone; the pubic region, or the lower part of the hypogastric region. See Pubes. (b) Of or pertaining to the pubis.

PUBIS Pu"bis, n. Etym: [NL. See Pubes.] (Anat.)

Defn: The ventral and anterior of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis; sharebone; pubic bone.

PUBLIC Pub"lic, a. Etym: [L. publicus, poblicus, fr. populus people: cf. F. public. See People.]

1. Of or pertaining to the people; belonging to the people; relating to, or affecting, a nation, state, or community; -- opposed to private; as, the public treasury. To the public good Private respects must yield. Milton. He [Alexander Hamilton] touched the dead corpse of the public credit, and it sprung upon its feet. D. Webster.

2. Open to the knowledge or view of all; general; common; notorious; as, public report; public scandal. Joseph, . . . not willing to make her a public example, was minded to put her away privily. Matt. i. 19.

3. Open to common or general use; as, a public road; a public house. "The public street." Shak. Public act or statute (Law), an act or statute affecting matters of public concern. Of such statutes the courts take judicial notice. -- Public credit. See under Credit. -- Public funds. See Fund, 3. -- Public house, an inn, or house of entertainment. -- Public law. (a) See International law, under International. (b) A public act or statute. -- Public nuisance. (Law) See under Nuisance. -- Public orator. (Eng. Universities) See Orator, 3. -- Public stores, military and naval stores, equipments, etc. -- Public works, all fixed works built by civil engineers for public use, as railways, docks, canals, etc.; but strictly, military and civil engineering works constructed at the public cost.

PUBLIC Pub"lic, n.

1. The general body of mankind, or of a nation, state, or community; the people, indefinitely; as, the American public; also, a particular body or aggregation of people; as, an author's public. The public is more disposed to censure than to praise. Addison.

2. A public house; an inn. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott. In public, openly; before an audience or the people at large; not in private or secrecy. "We are to speak in public." Shak.

PUBLICAN Pub"li*can, n. Etym: [L. publicanus: cf. F. publicain. See Public.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A farmer of the taxes and public revenues; hence, a collector of toll or tribute. The inferior officers of this class were often oppressive in their exactions, and were regarded with great detestation. As Jesus at meat . . . many publicans and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples. Matt. 1x. 10. How like a fawning publican he looks! Shak.

2. The keeper of an inn or public house; one licensed to retail beer, spirits, or wine.

PUBLICATION Pub`li*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. publicatio confiscation: cf. F. publication. See Publish.]

1. The act of publishing or making known; notification to the people at large, either by words, writing, or printing; proclamation; divulgation; promulgation; as, the publication of the law at Mount Sinai; the publication of the gospel; the publication of statutes or edicts.

2. The act of offering a book, pamphlet, engraving, etc., to the public by sale or by gratuitous distribution. The publication of these papers was not owing to our folly, but that of others. Swift.

3. That which is published or made known; especially, any book, pamphlet, etc., offered for sale or to public notice; as, a daily or monthly publication.

4. An act done in public. [R. & Obs.] His jealousy . . . attends the business, the recreations, the publications, and retirements of every man. Jer. Taylor. Publication of a libel (Law), such an exhibition of a libel as brings it to the notice of at least one person other than the person libeled. -- Publication of a will (Law), the delivery of a will, as his own, by a testator to witnesses who attest it.

PUBLIC-HEARTED Pub"lic-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Public-spirited. [R.]

PUBLICIST Pub"li*cist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. publiciste.]

Defn: A writer on the laws of nature and nations; one who is versed in the science of public right, the principles of government, etc. The Whig leaders, however, were much more desirous to get rid of Episcopacy than to prove themselves consummate publicists and logicians. Macaulay.

PUBLICITY Pub*lic"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. publicité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being public, or open to the knowledge of a community; notoriety; publicness.

PUBLICITY PAMPHLET Publicity pamphlet.

Defn: A pamphlet which, in some States of the United States having the initiative or referendum, is mailed to the voters to inform them as to the nature of a measure submitted by the initiative or referendum. The pamphlet contains a copy of the proposed law and arguments for and against it by those favoring and opposing it, respectively.

PUBLICLY Pub"lic*ly, adv.

1. With exposure to popular view or notice; without concealment; openly; as, property publicly offered for sale; an opinion publicly avowed; a declaration publicly made.

2. In the name of the community. Addison.

PUBLIC-MINDED Pub"lic-mind`ed, a.

Defn: Public-spirited. -- Pub"lic-mind`ed*ness, n.

PUBLICNESS Pub"lic*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being public, or open to the view or notice of people at large; publicity; notoriety; as, the publicness of a sale.

2. The quality or state of belonging to the community; as, the publicness of property. Boyle.

PUBLIC SCHOOL Public school. (a) In Great Britain, any of various schools maintained by the community, wholly or partly under public control, or maintained largely by endowment and not carried on chiefly for profit; specif., and commonly, any of various select and usually expensive endowed schools which give a liberal modern education or prepare pupils for the universities. Eton, Harrow, Rugby, and Winchester are of this class. (b) In the United States, a free primary, grammar, or high school maintained by the local government.

PUBLIC-SERVICE CORPORATION; QUASI-PUBLIC CORPORATION Public-service corporation or sometimes Quasi-public corporation.

Defn: A corporation, such as a railroad company, lighting company, water company, etc., organized or chartered to follow a public calling or to render services more or less essential to the general public convenience or safety.

PUBLIC-SPIRITED Pub"lic-spir`it*ed, a.

1. Having, or exercising, a disposition to advance the interest of the community or public; as, public-spirited men.

2. Dictated by a regard to public good; as, a public-spirited project or measure. Addison. -- Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ly, adv. -- Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ness, n.

PUBLISH Pub"lish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Published; p. pr. & vb. n. Publishing.] Etym: [F. publier, L. publicare, publicatum. See Public, and -ish.]

1. To make public; to make known to mankind, or to people in general; to divulge, as a private transaction; to promulgate or proclaim, as a law or an edict. Published was the bounty of her name. Chaucer. The unwearied sun, from day to day, Does his Creator's power display, And publishes to every land The work of an almighty hand. Addison.

2. To make known by posting, or by reading in a church; as, to publish banns of marriage.

3. To send forth, as a book, newspaper, musical piece, or other printed work, either for sale or for general distribution; to print, and issue from the press.

4. To utter, or put into circulation; as, to publish counterfeit paper. [U.S.] To publish a will (Law), to acknowledge it before the witnesses as the testator's last will and testament.

Syn. -- To announce; proclaim; advertise; declare; promulgate; disclose; divulge; reveal. See Announce.

PUBLISHABLE Pub"lish*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being published; suitable for publication.

PUBLISHER Pub"lish*er, n.

Defn: One who publishes; as, a publisher of a book or magazine. For love of you, not hate unto my friend, Hath made me publisher of this pretense. Shak.

PUBLISHMENT Pub"lish*ment, n.

1. The act or process of making publicly known; publication.

2. A public notice of intended marriage, required by the laws of some States. [U.S.]

PUCCOON Puc*coon", n. Etym: [From the American Indian name.] (Bot.)

Defn: Any one of several plants yielding a red pigment which is used by the North American Indians, as the bloodroot and two species of Lithospermum (L. hirtum, and L. canescens); also, the pigment itself.

PUCE Puce, a. Etym: [F., fr. puce a flea, L. pulex, pulicis.]

Defn: Of a dark brown or brownish purple color.

PUCEL Pu"cel, n.

Defn: See Pucelle. [Obs.]

PUCELAGE Pu"cel*age (; 48), n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Virginity. [R.]

PUCELLE Pu*celle", n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. pulicella, fr. L. pullus a young animal. See Pullet.]

Defn: A maid; a virgin. [Written also pucel.] [Obs.] Lady or pucelle, that wears mask or fan. B. Jonson. La Pucelle, the Maid of Orleans, Joan of Arc.

PUCERON Pu"ce*ron, n. Etym: [F., from puce a flea. See Puce.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any plant louse, or aphis.

PUCHERITE Pu"cher*ite, n. Etym: [So named from the Pucher Mine, in Saxony.] (Min.)

Defn: Vanadate of bismuth, occurring in minute reddish brown crystals.

PUCK Puck, n. Etym: [OE. pouke; cf. OSw. puke, Icel. puki an evil demon, W. pwca a hobgoblin. Cf. Poker a bugbear, Pug.]

1. (Mediæval Myth.)

Defn: A celebrated fairy, "the merry wanderer of the night;" -- called also Robin Goodfellow, Friar Rush, Pug, etc. Shak. He meeteth Puck, whom most men call Hobgoblin, and on him doth fall. Drayton.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The goatsucker. [Prov. Eng.]

PUCKA Puck"a, a. [Written also pukka.] [Hind. pakka cooked, ripe, solid.]

Defn: Good of its kind; -- variously used as implying substantial, real, fixed, sure, etc., and specif., of buildings, made of brick and mortar. [India]

It's pukka famine, by the looks of it. Kipling.

PUCKBALL Puck"ball`, n. Etym: [Puck + ball.]

Defn: A puffball.

PUCKER Puck"er, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Puckered; p. pr. & vb. n. Puckering.] Etym: [From Poke a pocket, small bag.]

Defn: To gather into small folds or wrinkles; to contract into ridges and furrows; to corrugate; -- often with up; as, to pucker up the mouth. "His skin [was] puckered up in wrinkles." Spectator.

PUCKER Puck"er, n.

1. A fold; a wrinkle; a collection of folds.

2. A state of perplexity or anxiety; confusion; bother; agitation. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]

PUCKERER Puck"er*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, puckers.

PUCKERY Puck"er*y, a.

1. Producing, or tending to produce, a pucker; as, a puckery taste. Lowell.

2. Inclined to become puckered or wrinkled; full of puckers or wrinkles.

PUCKFIST Puck"fist`, n.

Defn: A puffball.

PUCKISH Puck"ish, a. Etym: [From Puck.]

Defn: Resembling Puck; merry; mischievous. "Puckish freaks." J. R. Green.

PUCRAS Pu"cras, n. Etym: [From a native name in India.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Koklass.

PUD Pud, n.

Defn: Same as Pood.

PUD Pud, n.

Defn: The hand; the first. [Colloq.] Lamb.

PUDDENING Pud"den*ing, n. Etym: [Probably fr. pudden, for pudding, in allusion to its softness.] (Naut.) (a) A quantity of rope-yarn, or the like, placed, as a fender, on the bow of a boat. (b) A bunch of soft material to prevent chafing between spars, or the like.

PUDDER Pud"der, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puddered; p. pr. & vb. n. Puddering.] Etym: [Cf. Pother.]

Defn: To make a tumult or bustle; to splash; to make a pother or fuss; to potter; to meddle. Puddering in the designs or doings of others. Barrow. Others pudder into their food with their broad nebs. Holland.

PUDDER Pud"der, v. t.

Defn: To perplex; to embarrass; to confuse; to bother; as, to pudder a man. Locke.

PUDDER Pud"der, n.

Defn: A pother; a tumult; a confused noise; turmoil; bustle. "All in a pudder." Milton.

PUDDING Pud"ding, n. Etym: [Cf. F. boudin black pudding, sausage, L. botulus, botellus, a sausage, G. & Sw. pudding pudding, Dan. podding, pudding, LG. puddig thick, stumpy, W. poten, potten, also E. pod, pout, v.]

1. A species of food of a soft or moderately hard consistence, variously made, but often a compound of flour or meal, with milk and eggs, etc. And solid pudding against empty praise. Pope.

2. Anything resembling, or of the softness and consistency of, pudding.

3. An intestine; especially, an intestine stuffed with meat, etc.; a sausage. Shak.

4. Any food or victuals. Eat your pudding, slave, and hold your tongue. Prior.

5. (Naut.)

Defn: Same as Puddening. Pudding grass (Bot.), the true pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium), formerly used to flavor stuffing for roast meat. Dr. Prior. -- Pudding pie, a pudding with meat baked in it. Taylor (1630). -- Pudding pipe (Bot.), the long, cylindrical pod of the leguminous tree Cassia Fistula. The seeds are separately imbedded in a sweetish pulp. See Cassia. -- Pudding sleeve, a full sleeve like that of the English clerical gown. Swift. -- Pudding stone. (Min.) See Conglomerate, n., 2. -- Pudding time. (a) The time of dinner, pudding being formerly the dish first eaten. [Obs.] Johnson. (b) The nick of time; critical time. [Obs.] Mars, that still protects the stout, In pudding time came to his aid. Hudibras.

PUDDING FISH; PUDDING WIFE Pud"ding fish, Pudding wife. [Prob. corrupted fr. the Sp. name in Cuba, pudiano verde.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, handsomely colored, blue and bronze, labroid fish (Iridio, syn. Platyglossus, radiatus) of Florida, Bermuda, and the West Indies. Called also pudiano, doncella, and, at Bermuda, bluefish.

PUDDING-HEADED Pud"ding-head`ed, a.

Defn: Stupid. [Colloq.]

PUDDLE Pud"dle, n. Etym: [OE. podel; cf. LG. pudel, Ir. & Gael. plod pool.]

1. A small quantity of dirty standing water; a muddy plash; a small pool. Spenser.

2. Clay, or a mixture of clay and sand, kneaded or worked, when wet, to render it impervious to water. Puddle poet, a low or worthless poet. [R.] Fuller.

PUDDLE Pud"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Puddled; p. pr. & vb. n. Puddling.]

1. To make foul or muddy; to pollute with dirt; to mix dirt with (water). Some unhatched practice . . . Hath puddled his clear spirit. Shak.

2. (a) To make dense or close, as clay or loam, by working when wet, so as to render impervious to water. (b) To make impervious to liquids by means of puddle; to apply puddle to.

3. To subject to the process of puddling, as iron, so as to convert it from the condition of cast iron to that of wrought iron. Ure. Puddled steel, steel made directly from cast iron by a modification of the puddling process.

PUDDLE Pud"dle, v. i.

Defn: To make a dirty stir. [Obs.] R. Junius.

PUDDLE-BALL Pud"dle-ball`, n.

Defn: The lump of pasty wrought iron as taken from the puddling furnace to be hammered or rolled.

PUDDLE-BAR Pud"dle-bar", n.

Defn: An iron bar made at a single heat from a puddle-ball hammering and rolling.

PUDDLER Pud"dler, n.

Defn: One who converts cast iron into wrought iron by the process of puddling.

PUDDLING Pud"dling, n.

1. (Hydraul. Engin.) (a) The process of working clay, loam, pulverized ore, etc., with water, to render it compact, or impervious to liquids; also, the process of rendering anything impervious to liquids by means of puddled material. (b) Puddle. See Puddle, n., 2.

2. (Metal.)

Defn: The art or process of converting cast iron into wrought iron or steel by subjecting it to intense heat and frequent stirring in a reverberatory furnace in the presence of oxidizing substances, by which it is freed from a portion of its carbon and other impurities. Puddling furnace, a reverberatory furnace in which cast iron is converted into wrought iron or into steel by puddling.

PUDDLY Pud"dly, a.

Defn: Consisting of, or resembling, puddles; muddy; foul. "Thick puddly water." Carew.

PUDDOCK Pud"dock, n. Etym: [For paddock, or parrock, a park.]

Defn: A small inclosure. [Written also purrock.] [Prov. Eng.]

PUDENCY Pu"den*cy, n. Etym: [L. pudens, p. pr. of pudere to be ashamed.]

Defn: Modesty; shamefacedness. "A pudency so rosy." Shak.

PUDENDA Pu*den"da, n. pl. Etym: [L., from pudendus that of which one ought to be ashamed, fr. pudere to be ashamed.] (Anat.)

Defn: The external organs of generation.

PUDENDAL Pu*den"dal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pudenda, or pudendum.

PUDENDUM Pu*den"dum, n. Etym: [NL. See Pudenda.] (Anat.)

Defn: The external organs of generation, especially of the female; the vulva.

PUDGY Pudg"y, a.

Defn: Short and fat or sturdy; dumpy; podgy; as, a short, pudgy little man; a pudgy little hand. Thackeray.

PUDIC Pu"dic, a. Etym: [L.pudicus modest, fr. pudere to be ashamed: cf. F. pudique.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the external organs of generation.

PUDICAL Pu"dic*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pudic.

PUDICITY Pu*dic"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pudicité, L. pudicitia.]

Defn: Modesty; chastity. Howell.

PUDU Pu"du, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A very small deer (Pudua humilis), native of the Chilian Andes. It has simple spikelike antlers, only two or three inches long.

PUE Pue v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pued; p. pr. & vb. n. Puing.]

Defn: To make a low whistling sound; to chirp, as birds. Halliwell.

PUEBLO Pueb"lo, n. Etym: [Sp., a village, L. populus people. See People.]

Defn: A communistic building erected by certain Indian tribes of Arizona and New Mexico. It is often of large size and several stories high, and is usually built either of stone or adobe. The term is also applied to any Indian village in the same region. Pueblo Indians (Ethnol.), any tribe or community of Indians living in pueblos. The principal Pueblo tribes are the Moqui, the Zuñi, the Keran, and the Tewan.

PUEFELLOW Pue"fel`low, n.

Defn: A pewfellow. [Obs.]

PUER Pu"er, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: The dung of dogs, used as an alkaline steep in tanning. Simmonds.

PUERCO Pu*er"co, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: A hog. Puerco beds (Geol.), a name given to certain strata belonging to the earliest Eocene. They are developed in Northwestern New Mexico, along the Rio Puerco, and are characterized by their mammalian remains.

PUERILE Pu"er*ile, a. Etym: [L. puerilis, fr. puer a child, a boy: cf. F. puéril.]

Defn: Boyish; childish; trifling; silly. The French have been notorious through generations for their puerile affectation of Roman forms, models, and historic precedents. De Quincey.

Syn. -- Youthful; boyish; juvenile; childish; trifling; weak. See Youthful.

PUERILELY Pu"er*ile*ly, adv.

Defn: In a puerile manner; childishly.

PUERILENESS Pu"er*ile*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being puerile; puerility.

PUERILITY Pu`er*il"i*ty, n.; pl. Puerilities. Etym: [L. puerilitas: cf. F. puérilité.]

1. The quality of being puerile; childishness; puerileness. Sir T. Browne.

2. That which is puerile or childish; especially, an expression which is flat, insipid, or silly.

PUERPERAL Pu*er"per*al, a. Etym: [L. puerpera a lying-in woman; puer child + parere to bear: cf. F. puerpéral.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to childbirth; as, a puerperal fever.

PUERPEROUS Pu*er"per*ous, a.

Defn: Bearing children. [R.]

PUET Pu"et, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pewit.

PUFF Puff, n. Etym: [Akin to G. & Sw. puff a blow, Dan. puf, D. pof; of imitative origin. Cf. Buffet.]

1. A sudden and single emission of breath from the mouth; hence, any sudden or short blast of wind; a slight gust; a whiff. " To every puff of wind a slave." Flatman.

2. Anything light and filled with air. Specifically: (a) A puffball. (b) kind of light pastry. (c) A utensil of the toilet for dusting the skin or hair with powder.

3. An exaggerated or empty expression of praise, especially one in a public journal. Puff adder. (Zoöl.) (a) Any South African viper belonging to Clotho and allied genera. They are exceedingly venomous, and have the power of greatly distending their bodies when irritated. The common puff adder (Vipera, or Clotho, arietans) is the largest species, becoming over four feet long. The plumed puff adder (C. cornuta) has a plumelike appendage over each eye. (b) A North American harmless snake (Heterodon platyrrhinos) which has the power of puffing up its body. Called also hog-nose snake, flathead, spreading adder, and blowing adder. Puff bird (Zoöl.), any bird of the genus Bucco, or family Bucconidæ. They are small birds, usually with dull-colored and loose plumage, and have twelve tail feathers. See Barbet (b).

PUFF Puff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Puffing.] Etym: [Akin to G. puffen to pop, buffet, puff, D. poffen to pop, puffen to blow, Sw. puffa to push, to cuff, Dan. puffe to pop, thump. See Puff, n.]

1. To blow in puffs, or with short and sudden whiffs.

2. To blow, as an expression of scorn; -- with at. It is really to defy Heaven to puff at damnation. South.

3. To breathe quick and hard, or with puffs, as after violent exertion. The ass comes back again, puffing and blowing, from the chase. L' Estrange.

4. To swell with air; to be dilated or inflated. Boyle.

5. To breathe in a swelling, inflated, or pompous manner; hence, to assume importance. Then came brave Glory puffing by. Herbert.

PUFF Puff, v. t.

1. To drive with a puff, or with puffs. The clearing north will puff the clouds away. Dryden.

2. To repel with words; to blow at contemptuously. I puff the prostitute away. Dryden.

3. To cause to swell or dilate; to inflate; to ruffle with puffs; -- often with up; as a bladder puffed with air. The sea puffed up with winds. Shak.

4. To inflate with pride, flattery, self-esteem, or the like; -- often with up. Puffed up with military success. Jowett (Thucyd. )

5. To praise with exaggeration; to flatter; to call public attention to by praises; to praise unduly. " Puffed with wonderful skill." Macaulay.

PUFF Puff, a.

Defn: Puffed up; vain. [R.] Fanshawe.

PUFFBALL Puff"ball`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of ball-shaped fungus (Lycoperdon giganteum, and other species of the same genus) full of dustlike spores when ripe; -- called also bullfist, bullfice, puckfist, puff, and puffin.

PUFFER Puff"er, n.

1. One who puffs; one who praises with noisy or extravagant commendation.

2. One who is employed by the owner or seller of goods sold at suction to bid up the price; a by-bidder. Bouvier.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) Any plectognath fish which inflates its body, as the species of Tetrodon and Diodon; -- called also blower, puff-fish, swellfish, and globefish. (b) The common, or harbor, porpoise.

4. (Dyeing)

Defn: A kier.

PUFFERY Puff"er*y, n.

Defn: The act of puffing; bestowment of extravagant commendation.

PUFFIN Puf"fin, n. Etym: [Akin to puff.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An arctic sea bird Fratercula arctica) allied to the auks, and having a short, thick, swollen beak, whence the name; -- called also bottle nose, cockandy, coulterneb, marrot, mormon, pope, and sea parrot.

Note: The name is also applied to other related species, as the horned puffin (F. corniculata), the tufted puffin (Lunda cirrhata), and the razorbill. Manx puffin, the Manx shearwater. See under Manx.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The puffball.

3. A sort of apple. [Obs.] Rider's Dict. (1640).

PUFFINESS Puff"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being puffy.

PUFFING Puff"ing,

Defn: a. & n. from Puff, v. i. & t. Puffing adder. (Zoöl.) Same as Puff adder (b), under Puff. -- Puffing pig (Zoöl.), the common porpoise.

PUFFINGLY Puff"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a puffing manner; with vehement breathing or shortness of breath; with exaggerated praise.

PUFF-LEG Puff"-leg`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of beautiful humming birds of the genus Eriocnemis having large tufts of downy feathers on the legs.

PUFF-LEGGED Puff"-legged`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a conspicuous tuft of feathers on the legs.

PUFFY Puff"y, a.

1. Swelled with air, or any soft matter; tumid with a soft substance; bloated; fleshy; as, a puffy tumor. " A very stout, puffy man." Thackeray.

2. Hence, inflated; bombastic; as, a puffy style.