Chapter CDX: Prologue (61)

Defn: One who collects simples, or medicinal plants; a herbalist; a simplist. Simpler's joy. (Bot.) Vervain.

SIMPLESS Sim"pless, n. Etym: [F. simplesse.]

Defn: Simplicity; silliness. [Obs.] Spenser.

SIMPLETON Sim"ple*ton, n. Etym: [Cf. F. simplet, It. semplicione.]

Defn: A person of weak intellect; a silly person.

SIMPLICIAN Sim*pli"cian, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. simplicien.]

Defn: One who is simple. [Obs.] Arnway.

SIMPLICITY Sim*plic"i*ty, n. Etym: [F. simplicité, L. simplicitas. See Simple.]

1. The quality or state of being simple, unmixed, or uncompounded; as, the simplicity of metals or of earths.

2. The quality or state of being not complex, or of consisting of few parts; as, the simplicity of a machine.

3. Artlessness of mind; freedom from cunning or duplicity; lack of acuteness and sagacity. Marquis Dorset, a man, for his harmless simplicity neither misliked nor much regarded. Hayward. In wit a man; simplicity a child. Pope.

4. Freedom from artificial ornament, pretentious style, or luxury; plainness; as, simplicity of dress, of style, or of language; simplicity of diet; simplicity of life.

5. Freedom from subtlety or abstruseness; clearness; as, the simplicity of a doctrine; the simplicity of an explanation or a demonstration.

6. Weakness of intellect; silliness; folly. How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity and the scorners delight in their scorning Prov. i. 22.

SIMPLIFICATION Sim`pli*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. simplification.]

Defn: The act of simplifying. A. Smith.

SIMPLIFY Sim"pli*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Simplified; p. pr. & vb. n. Simplifying.] Etym: [Cf. F. simplifier, LL. simplificare. See Simple, and -fy.]

Defn: To make simple; to make less complex; to make clear by giving the explanation for; to show an easier or shorter process for doing or making. The collection of duties is drawn to a point, and so far simplified. A. Hamilton. It is important, in scientific pursuits, to be caitious in simplifying our deductions. W. Nicholson.

SIMPLIST Sim"plist, n.

Defn: One skilled in simples, or medicinal plants; a simpler. Sir T. Browne.

SIMPLISTIC Sim*plis"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to simples, or a simplist. [R.] Wilkinson.

SIMPLITY Sim"pli*ty, n.

Defn: Simplicity. [Obs.]

SIMPLOCE Sim"plo*ce, n. (Gram.)

Defn: See Symploce.

SIMPLY Sim"ply, adv.

1. In a simple manner or state; considered in or by itself; without addition; along; merely; solely; barely. [They] make that now good or evil, . . . which otherwise of itself were not simply the one or the other. Hooker. Simply the thing I am Shall make me live. Shak.

2. Plainly; without art or subtlety. Subverting worldly strong and worldly wise By simply meek. Milton.

3. Weakly; foolishly. Johnson.

SIMULACHER; SIMULACHRE Sim"u*la`cher, Sim"u*la`chre, n. Etym: [Cf. F. simulacre.]

Defn: See Simulacrum. [Obs.]

SIMULACRUM Sim`u*la"crum, n.; pl. Simulacra. Etym: [L. See Simulate.]

Defn: A likeness; a semblance; a mock appearance; a sham; -- now usually in a derogatory sense. Beneath it nothing but a great simulacrum. Thackeray.

SIMULAR Sim"u*lar, n. Etym: [Cf. L. simulator, F. simulateur. See Simulate.]

Defn: One who pretends to be what he is not; one who, or that which, simulates or counterfeits something; a pretender. [Obs.] Shak. Christ calleth the Pharisees hypocrites, that is to say, simulars, and painted sepulchers. Tyndale.

SIMULAR Sim"u*lar, a.

Defn: False; specious; counterfeit. [R. & Obs.] "Thou simular man of virtue." Shak.

SIMULATE Sim"u*late, a. Etym: [L. simulatus, p. p. of simulare to simulate; akin to simul at the same time, together, similis like. See Similar, and cf. Dissemble, Semblance.]

Defn: Feigned; pretended. Bale.

SIMULATE Sim"u*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Simulated; p. pr. & vb. n. Simulating.]

Defn: To assume the mere appearance of, without the reality; to assume the signs or indications of, falsely; to counterfeit; to feign. The Puritans, even in the depths of the dungeons to which she had sent them, prayed, and with no simulated fervor, that she might be kept from the dagger of the assassin. Macaulay.

SIMULATION Sim`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [F. simulation, L. simulatio.]

Defn: The act of simulating, or assuming an appearance which is feigned, or not true; -- distinguished from dissimulation, which disguises or conceals what is true.

Syn. -- Counterfeiting; feint; pretense.

SIMULATOR Sim"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who simulates, or feigns. De Quincey.

SIMULATORY Sim"u*la*to*ry, a.

Defn: Simulated, or capable of being simulated. Bp. Hall.

SIMULTANEITY Si`mul*ta*ne"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being simultaneous; simultaneousness.

SIMULTANEOUS Si`mul*ta"ne*ous, a. Etym: [LL. simultim at the same time, fr. L. simul. See Simulate.]

Defn: Existing, happening, or done, at the same time; as, simultaneous events. -- Si`mul*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv. -- Si`mul*ta"ne*ous*ness, n. Simultaneous equations (Alg.), two or more equations in which the values of the unknown quantities entering them are the same at the same time in both or in all.

SIMULTY Sim"ul*ty, n. Etym: [L. simultas a hostile encounter, drudge, originally, a (hostile) coming together, fr. simul together: cf. OF. simulté.]

Defn: Private grudge or quarrel; as, domestic simulties. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

SIN Sin, adv., prep., & conj.

Defn: Old form of Since. [Obs. or Prov.Eng. & Scot.] Sin that his lord was twenty year of age. Chaucer.

SIN Sin, n. Etym: [OE. sinne, AS. synn, syn; akin to D. zonde, OS. sundia, OHG. sunta, G. sünde, Icel., Dan. & Sw. synd, L. sons, sontis, guilty, perhaps originally from the p. pr. of the verb signifying, to be, and meaning, the one who it is. Cf. Authentic, Sooth.]

1. Transgression of the law of God; disobedience of the divine command; any violation of God's will, either in purpose or conduct; moral deficiency in the character; iniquity; as, sins of omission and sins of commission. Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin. John viii. 34. Sin is the transgression of the law. 1 John iii. 4. I think 't no sin. To cozen him that would unjustly win. Shak. Enthralled By sin to foul, exorbitant desires. Milton.

2. An offense, in general; a violation of propriety; a misdemeanor; as, a sin against good manners. I grant that poetry's a crying sin. Pope.

3. A sin offering; a sacrifice for sin. He hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin. 2 Cor. v. 21.

4. An embodiment of sin; a very wicked person. [R.] Thy ambition, Thou scarlet sin, robbed this bewailing land Of noble Buckingham. Shak.

Note: Sin is used in the formation of some compound words of obvious signification; as, sin-born; sin-bred, sin-oppressed, sin-polluted, and the like. Actual sin, Canonical sins, Original sin, Venial sin. See under Actual, Canonical, etc. -- Deadly, or Mortal, sins (R. C. Ch.), willful and deliberate transgressions, which take away divine grace; -- in distinction from vental sins. The seven deadly sins are pride, covetousness, lust, wrath, gluttony, envy, and sloth. -- Sin eater, a man who (according to a former practice in England) for a small gratuity ate a piece of bread laid on the chest of a dead person, whereby he was supposed to have taken the sins of the dead person upon himself. -- Sin offering, a sacrifice for sin; something offered as an expiation for sin.

Syn. -- Iniquity; wickedness; wrong. See Crime.

SIN Sin, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sinned; p. pr. & vb. n. Sinning.] Etym: [OE. sinnen, singen, sinegen, AS. syngian. See Sin, n.]

1. To depart voluntarily from the path of duty prescribed by God to man; to violate the divine law in any particular, by actual transgression or by the neglect or nonobservance of its injunctions; to violate any known rule of duty; -- often followed by against. Against thee, thee only, have I sinned. Ps. li. 4. All have sinned, and come short of the glory of God. Rom. iii. 23.

2. To violate human rights, law, or propriety; to commit an offense; to trespass; to transgress. I am a man More sinned against than sinning. Shak. Who but wishes to invert the laws Of order, sins against the eternal cause. Pope.

SINAIC; SINAITIC Si*na"ic, Si`na*it"ic, a. Etym: [From Mount Sinai.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Mount Sinai; given or made at Mount Sinai; as, the Sinaitic law. Sinaitic manuscript, a fourth century Greek manuscript of the part Bible, discovered at Mount Sinai (the greater part of it in 1859) by Tisschendorf, a German Biblical critic; -- called also Codex Sinaiticus.

SINALBIN Sin*al"bin, n. Etym: [From L. Sinapis + alba.] (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside found in the seeds of white mustard (Brassica alba, formerly Sinapis alba), and extracted as a white crystalline substance.

SINAMINE Sin*am"ine, n. Etym: [Sinapis + melamine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A bitter white crystalline nitrogenous substance, obtained indirectly from oil of mustard and ammonia; -- called also allyl melamine.

SINAPATE Sin"a*pate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of sinapic acid.

SINAPIC Sin"a*pic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to sinapine; specifically, designating an acid (C11H12O5) related to gallic acid, and obtained by the decomposition of sinapine, as a white crystalline substance.

SINAPINE Sin"a*pine, n. Etym: [L. sinapi, sinapis, mustard, Gr. sinapine.] (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid occuring in the seeds of mustard. It is extracted, in combination with sulphocyanic acid, as a white crystalline substance, having a hot, bitter taste. When sinapine is isolated it is unstable and undergoes decomposition.

SINAPIS Si*na"pis, n. Etym: [L.] (Bot.)

Defn: A disused generic name for mustard; -- now called Brassica.

SINAPISIN Sin"a*pis`in, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A substance extracted from mustard seed and probably identical with sinalbin. [Obs.]

SINAPISM Sin"a*pism, n. Etym: [L. sinapismus, Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A plaster or poultice composed principally of powdered mustard seed, or containing the volatile oil of mustard seed. It is a powerful irritant.

SINAPOLEIC Sin`a*po*le"ic, a. Etym: [Sinapis + oleic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to mustard oil; specifically, designating an acid of the oleic acid series said to occur in mistard oil.

SINAPOLINE Si*nap"o*line, n. Etym: [Sinapis + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.)

Defn: A nitrogenous base, CO.(NH.C3H5)2, related to urea, extracted from mustard oil, and also produced artifically, as a white crystalline substance; -- called also diallyl urea.

SINCALINE Sin"ca*line, n. Etym: [So called because obtained by the action of alkalies on sinapine.] (Chem.)

Defn: Choline. [Written also sinkaline.]

SINCE Since, adv. Etym: [For sins, contr. fr. OE. sithens, sithenes, formed by an adverbial ending (cf. Besides) from OE. sithen, also shortened into sithe, sin, AS. si, sy, seo, afterward, then, since, after; properly, after that; fr. sisi afterward, since, OHG. sid, G. seit since, Goth. seipus late, ni sei no longer) + instrumental of the demonstrative and article. See That.]

1. From a definite past time until now; as, he went a month ago, and I have not seen him since. We since become the slaves to one man's lust. B. Jonson.

2. In the time past, counting backward from the present; before this or now; ago. w many ages since has Virgil writ Roscommon. About two years since, it so fell out, that he was brought to a great lady's house. Sir P. Sidney.

3. When or that. [Obs.] Do you remember since we lay all night in the windmill in St. George's field Shak.

SINCE Since, prep.

Defn: From the time of; in or during the time subsequent to; subsequently to; after; -- usually with a past event or time for the object. The Lord hath blessed thee, since my coming. Gen. xxx. 30. I have a model by which he build a nobler poem than any extant since the ancients. Dryden.

SINCE Since, conj.

Defn: Seeing that; because; considering; -- formerly followed by that. Since that my penitence comes after all, Imploring pardon. Shak. Since truth and constancy are vain, Since neither love, nor sense of pain, Nor force of reason, can persuade, Then let example be obeyed. Granville.

Syn. -- Because; for; as; inasmuch as; considering. See Because.

SINCERE Sin*cere", a. [Compar. Sincerer; superl. Sincerest.] Etym: [L. sincerus, of uncertain origin; the first part perhaps akin to sin- in singuli (see Single), and the second to cernere to separate (cf. Discern): cf. F. sincère.]

1. Pure; unmixed; unadulterated. There is no sincere acid in any animal juice. Arbuthnot. A joy which never was sincere till now. Dryden.

2. Whole; perfect; unhurt; uninjured. [Obs.] The inviolable body stood sincere. Dryden.

3. Being in reality what it appears to be; having a character which corresponds with the appearance; not falsely assumed; genuine; true; real; as, a sincere desire for knowledge; a sincere contempt for meanness. A sincere intention of pleasing God in all our actions. Law.

4. Honest; free from hypocrisy or dissimulation; as, a sincere friend; a sincere person. The more sincere you are, the better it will fare with you at the great day of account. Waterland.

Syn. -- Honest; unfeigned; unvarnished; real; true; unaffected; inartificial; frank; upright. See Hearty.

SINCERELY Sin*cere"ly, adv.

Defn: In a sincere manner. Specifically: (a) Purely; without alloy. Milton. (b) Honestly; unfeignedly; without dissimulation; as, to speak one's mind sincerely; to love virtue sincerely.

SINCERENESS Sin*cere"ness, n.

Defn: Same as Sincerity. Beau & Fl.

SINCERITY Sin*cer"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. sinceritas: cf. F. sincérité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being sincere; honesty of mind or intention; freedom from simulation, hypocrisy, disguise, or false pretense; sincereness. I protest, in the sincerity of love. Shak. Sincerity is a duty no less plain than important. Knox.

SINCH Sinch, n. Etym: [See Cinch.]

Defn: A saddle girth made of leather, canvas, woven horsehair, or woven grass. [Western U.S.]

SINCH Sinch, v. t.

Defn: To gird with a sinch; to tighten the sinch or girth of (a saddle); as, to sinch up a sadle. [Western U.S.]

SINCIPITAL Sin*cip"i*tal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the sinciput; being in the region of the sinciput.

SINCIPUT Sin"ci*put, n. Etym: [L., half a head; semihalf + caput the head.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The fore part of the head.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The part of the head of a bird between the base of the bill and the vertex.

SINDI Sind"i, n. [Ar. Sindi, fr. Sind Indian, Skr. sindhu river, sea, the river Indus, the country along the Indus. Cf. Indian, Hindoo.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: A native of Sind, India, esp. one of the native Hindoo stock.

SINDON Sin"don, n. Etym: [L., a kind of fine Indian cotton stuff, Gr.

1. A wrapper. [Obs.] "Wrapped in sindons of linen." Bacon.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: A small rag or pledget introduced into the hole in the cranium made by a trephine. Dunglison.

SINE Sine, n. Etym: [LL. sinus a sine, L. sinus bosom, used in translating the Ar. jaib, properly, bosom, but probably read by mistake (the consonants being the same) for an original jiba sine, from Skr. jiva bowstring, chord of an arc, sine.] (Trig.) (a) The length of a perpendicular drawn from one extremity of an arc of a circle to the diameter drawn through the other extremity. (b) The perpendicular itself. See Sine of angle, below. Artificial sines, logarithms of the natural sines, or logarithmic sines. -- Curve of sines. See Sinusoid. -- Natural sines, the decimals expressing the values of the sines, the radius being unity. -- Sine of an angle, in a circle whose radius is unity, the sine of the arc that measures the angle; in a right-angled triangle, the side opposite the given angle divided by the hypotenuse. See Trigonometrical function, under Function. -- Versed sine, that part of the diameter between the sine and the arc.

SINE Si"ne, prep. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Without.

SINECURAL Si"ne*cu`ral, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a sinecure; being in the nature of a sinecure.

SINECURE Si`ne*cure, n. Etym: [L. sine without + cura care, LL., a cure. See Cure.]

1. An ecclesiastical benefice without the care of souls. Ayliffe.

2. Any office or position which requires or involves little or no responsibility, labor, or active service. A lucrative sinecure in the Excise. Macaulay.

SINECURE Si"ne*cure, v. t.

Defn: To put or place in a sinecure.

SINECURISM Si"ne*cu*rism, n.

Defn: The state of having a sinecure.

SINECURIST Si"ne*cu*rist, n.

Defn: One who has a sinecure.

SINEW Sin"ew, n. Etym: [OE. sinewe, senewe, AS. sinu, seonu; akin to D. zenuw, OHG. senawa, G. sehne, Icel. sin, Sw. sena, Dan. sene; cf. Skr. snava. sq. root290.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A tendon or tendonous tissue. See Tendon.

2. Muscle; nerve. [R.] Sir J. Davies.

3. Fig.: That which supplies strength or power. The portion and sinew of her fortune, her marriage dowry. Shak. The bodies of men, munition, and money, may justly be called the sinews of war. Sir W. Raleigh.

Note: Money alone is often called the sinews of war.

SINEW Sin"ew, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sinewed; p. pr. & vb. n. Sinewing.]

Defn: To knit together, or make strong with, or as with, sinews. Shak. Wretches, now stuck up for long tortures . . . might, if properly treated, serve to sinew the state in time of danger. Goldsmith.

SINEWED Sin"ewed, a.

1. Furnished with sinews; as, a strong-sinewed youth.

2. Fig.: Equipped; strengthened. When he sees Ourselves well sinewed to our defense. Shak.

SINEWINESS Sin"ew*i*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being sinewy.

SINEWISH Sin"ew*ish, a.

Defn: Sinewy. [Obs.] Holinshed.

SINEWLESS Sin"ew*less, a.

Defn: Having no sinews; hence, having no strength or vigor.

SINEWOUS Sin"ew*ous, a.

Defn: Sinewy. [Obs.] Holinshed.

SINEW-SHRUNK Sin"ew-shrunk`, a. (Far.)

Defn: Having the sinews under the belly shrunk by excessive fatigue.

SINEWY Sin"ew*y, a.

1. Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling, a sinew or sinews. The sinewy thread my brain lets fall. Donne.

2. Well braced with, or as if with, sinews; nervous; vigorous; strong; firm; tough; as, the sinewy Ajax. A man whose words . . . were so close and sinewy. Hare.

SINFUL Sin"ful, a. Etym: [AAS. synfull.]

Defn: Tainted with, or full of, sin; wicked; iniquitous; criminal; unholy; as, sinful men; sinful thoughts. Piers Plowman. Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity. Isa. i. 4. -- Sin"ful*ly, adv. -- Sin"ful*ness, n.

SING Sing, v. i. [imp. Sung or Sang (; p. p. Sung; p. pr. & vb. n. Singing.] Etym: [AS. singan; akin to D. zingen, OS. & OHG. singan, G. singen, Icel. syngja, Sw. sjunga, Dan. synge, Goth. siggwan, and perhaps to E. say, v.t., or cf. Gr. Singe, Song.]

1. To utter sounds with musical inflections or melodious modulations of voice, as fancy may dictate, or according to the notes of a song or tune, or of a given part (as alto, tenor, etc.) in a chorus or concerted piece. The noise of them that sing do I hear. Ex. xxxii. 18.

2. To utter sweet melodious sounds, as birds do. On every bough the briddes heard I sing. Chaucer. Singing birds, in silver cages hung. Dryden.

3. To make a small, shrill sound; as, the air sings in passing through a crevice. O'er his head the flying spear Sang innocent, and spent its force in air. Pope.

4. To tell or relate something in numbers or verse; to celebrate something in poetry. Milton. Bid her . . . sing Of human hope by cross event destroyed. Prior.

5. Ti cry out; to complain. [Obs.] They should sing if thet they were bent. Chaucer.

SING Sing, v. t.

1. To utter with musical infections or modulations of voice. And they sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb. Rev. xv. 3. And in the darkness sing your carol of high praise. Keble.

2. To celebrate is song; to give praises to in verse; to relate or rehearse in numbers, verse, or poetry. Milton. Arms and the man I sing. Dryden. The last, the happiest British king, Whom thou shalt paint or I shall sing. Addison.

3. To influence by singing; to lull by singing; as, to sing a child to sleep.

4. To accompany, or attend on, with singing. I heard them singing home the bride. Longfellow.

SINGE Singe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Singed; p. pr. & vb. n. Singeing.] Etym: [OE. sengen, AS. sengan in besengan (akin to D. zengen, G. sengen), originally, to cause to sing, fr. AS. singan to sing, in allusion to the singing or hissing sound often produced when a substance is singed, or slightly burned. See Sing.]

1. To burn slightly or superficially; to burn the surface of; to burn the ends or outside of; as, to singe the hair or the skin. You sulphurous and thought-executing fires, . . . Singe my white head! Shak. I singed the toes of an ape through a burning glass. L'Estrange.

2. (a) To remove the nap of (cloth), by passing it rapidly over a red- hot bar, or over a flame, preliminary to dyeing it. (b) To remove the hair or down from (a plucked chicken or the like) by passing it over a flame.

SINGE Singe, n.

Defn: A burning of the surface; a slight burn.

SINGER Sin"ger, n. Etym: [From Singe.]

Defn: One who, or that which, singes. Specifically: (a) One employed to singe cloth. (b) A machine for singeing cloth.

SINGER Sing"er, n. Etym: [From Sing.]

Defn: One who sings; especially, one whose profession is to sing.

SINGERESS Sing"er*ess, n.

Defn: A songstress. [Obs.] Wyclif.

SINGHALESE Sin`gha*lese", n. & a. Etym: [Skr.Si Ceylon.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: Same as Cingalese.

SINGING Sing"ing, a. & n.

Defn: from Sing, v. Singing bird. (Zoöl.) (a) Popularly, any bird that sings; a song bird. (b) Specifically, any one of the Oscines. -- Singing book, a book containing music for singing; a book of tunes. -- Singing falcon or hawk. (Zoöl.) See Chanting falcon, under Chanting. -- Singing fish (Zoöl.), a California toadfish (Porichthys porosissimus). -- Singing flame (Acoustics), a flame, as of hydrogen or coal gas, burning within a tube and so adjusted as to set the air within the tube in vibration, causing sound. The apparatus is called also chemical harmonicon. -- Singing master, a man who teaches vocal music. -- Singing school, a school in which persons are instructed in singing.

SINGINGLY Sing"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With sounds like singing; with a kind of tune; in a singing tone. G. North (1575).

SINGLE Sin"gle, a. Etym: [L. singulus, a dim. from the root in simplex simple; cf. OE. & OF. sengle, fr. L. singulus. See Simple, and cf. Singular.]

1. One only, as distinguished from more than one; consisting of one alone; individual; separate; as, a single star. No single man is born with a right of controlling the opinions of all the rest. Pope.

2. Alone; having no companion. Who single hast maintained, Against revolted multitudes, the cause Of truth. Milton.

3. Hence, unmarried; as, a single man or woman. Grows, lives, and dies in single blessedness. Shak. Single chose to live, and shunned to wed. Dryden.

4. Not doubled, twisted together, or combined with others; as, a single thread; a single strand of a rope.

5. Performed by one person, or one on each side; as, a single combat. These shifts refuted, answer thy appellant, . . . Who now defles thee thrice ti single fight. Milton.

6. Uncompounded; pure; unmixed. Simple ideas are opposed to complex, and single to compound. I. Watts.

7. Not deceitful or artful; honest; sincere. I speak it with a single heart. Shak.

8. Simple; not wise; weak; silly. [Obs.] He utters such single matter in so infantly a voice. Beau & Fl. Single ale, beer, or drink, small ale, etc., as contrasted with double ale, etc., which is stronger. [Obs.] Nares. -- Single bill (Law), a written engagement, generally under seal, for the payment of money, without a penalty. Burril. -- Single court (Lawn Tennis), a court laid out for only two players. -- Single-cut file. See the Note under 4th File. -- Single entry. See under Bookkeeping. -- Single file. See under 1st File. -- Single flower (Bot.), a flower with but one set of petals, as a wild rose. -- Single knot. See Illust. under Knot. -- Single whip (Naut.), a single rope running through a fixed block.

SINGLE Sin"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Singled; p. pr. & vb. n. Singling.]

1. To select, as an individual person or thing, from among a number; to choose out from others; to separate. Dogs who hereby can single out their master in the dark. Bacon. His blood! she faintly screamed her mind Still singling one from all mankind. More.

2. To sequester; to withdraw; to retire. [Obs.] An agent singling itself from consorts. Hooker.

3. To take alone, or one by one. Men . . . commendable when they are singled. Hooker.

SINGLE Sin"gle, v. i.

Defn: To take the irrregular gait called single-foot;- said of a horse. See Single-foot. Many very fleet horses, when overdriven, adopt a disagreeable gait, which seems to be a cross between a pace and a trot, in which the two legs of one side are raised almost but not quite, simultaneously. Such horses are said to single, or to be single-footed. W. S. Clark.

SINGLE Sin"gle, n.

1. A unit; one; as, to score a single.

2. pl.

Defn: The reeled filaments of silk, twisted without doubling to give them firmness.

3. A handful of gleaned grain. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

4. (Law Tennis)

Defn: A game with but one player on each side; -- usually in the plural.

5. (Baseball)

Defn: A hit by a batter which enables him to reach first base only.

SINGLE-ACTING Sin"gle-act`ing, a.

Defn: Having simplicity of action; especially (Mach.), acting or exerting force during strokes in one direction only; -- said of a reciprocating engine, pump, etc.

SINGLE-BREASTED Sin"gle-breast`ed, a.

Defn: Lapping over the breast only far enough to permit of buttoning, and having buttons on one edge only; as, a single-breasted coast.

SINGLE-FOOT Sin"gle-foot`, n.

Defn: An irregular gait of a horse; -- called also single-footed pace. See Single, v. i. Single-foot is an irregular pace, rather rare, distinguished by the posterior extremities moving in the order of a fast walk, and the anterior extremities in that of a slow trot. Stillman (The Horse in Motion.)

SINGLE-HANDED Sin"gle-hand"ed, a.

Defn: Having but one hand, or one workman; also, alone; unassisted.

SINGLE-HEARTED Sin"gle-heart"ed, a.

Defn: Having an honest heart; free from duplicity. -- Sin"gle-heart"ed*ly, adv.

SINGLE-MINDED Sin"gle-mind"ed, a.

Defn: Having a single purpose; hence, artless; guileless; single- hearted.

SINGLENESS Sin"gle*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being single, or separate from all others; the opposite of doubleness, complication, or multiplicity.

2. Freedom from duplicity, or secondary and selfish ends; purity of mind or purpose; simplicity; sincerity; as, singleness of purpose; singleness of heart.

SINGLES Sin"gles, n. pl.

Defn: See Single, n., 2.

SINGLESTICK Sin"gle*stick`, n. (a) In England and Scotland, a cudgel used in fencing or fighting; a backsword. (b) The game played with singlesticks, in which he who first brings blood from his adversary's head is pronounced victor; backsword; cudgeling.

SINGLE-SURFACED Sin"gle-sur"faced, a.

Defn: Having one surface; -- said specif. of aëroplanes or aërocurves that are covered with fabric, etc., on only one side.

SINGLET Sin"glet, n.

Defn: An unlined or undyed waistcoat; a single garment; -- opposed to doublet. [Prov. Eng.]

SINGLE TAX Sin"gle tax`. (Pol. Econ.)

Defn: A tax levied upon land alone, irrespective of improvements, -- advocated by certain economists as the sole source of public revenue.

Whatever may be thought of Henry George's single-tax theory as a whole, there can be little question that a relatively higher assessment of ground rent, with corresponding relief for those who have made improvements, is a much-needed reform. A. T. Hadley.

SINGLETON Sin"gle*ton, n.

Defn: In certain games at cards, as whist, a single card of any suit held at the deal by a player; as, to lead a singleton.

SINGLETREE Sin"gle*tree`, n. Etym: [Cf. Swingletree.]

Defn: The pivoted or swinging bar to which the traces of a harnessed horse are fixed; a whiffletree.

Note: When two horses draw abreast, a singletree is fixed at each end of another crosspiece, called the doubletree.

SINGLY Sin"gly, adv.

1. Individually; particularly; severally; as, to make men singly and personally good.

2. Only; by one's self; alone. Look thee, 't is so! Thou singly honest man. Shak.

3. Without partners, companions, or associates; single-handed; as, to attack another singly. At omber singly to decide their doom. Pope.

4. Honestly; sincerely; simply. [R.] Johnson.

5. Singularly; peculiarly. [Obs.] Milton.

SING-SING Sing"-sing`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The kob.

SINGSONG Sing"song`, n.

1. Bad singing or poetry.

2. A drawling or monotonous tone, as of a badly executed song.

SINGSONG Sing"song`, a.

Defn: Drawling; monotonous.

SINGSONG Sing"song`, v. i.

Defn: To write poor poetry. [R.] Tennyson.

SINGSPIEL Sing"spiel`, n. [G.; singen to sing + spiel to play.] (Music)

Defn: A dramatic work, partly in dialogue and partly in song, of a kind popular in Germany in the latter part of the 18th century. It was often comic, had modern characters, and patterned its music on folk song with strictly subordinated accompaniment.

SINGSTER Sing"ster, n.

Defn: A songstress. [Obs.] Wyclif.

SINGULAR Sin"gu*lar, a. Etym: [OE. singuler, F. singulier, fr. L. singularius, singularis, fr. singulus single. See Single, a.]

1. Separate or apart from others; single; distinct. [Obs.] Bacon. And God forbid that all a company Should rue a singular man's folly. Chaucer.

2. Engaged in by only one on a side; single. [Obs.] To try the matter thus together in a singular combat. Holinshed.

3. (Logic)

Defn: Existing by itself; single; individual. The idea which represents one . . . determinate thing, is called a singular idea, whether simple, complex, or compound. I. Watts.

4. (Law)

Defn: Each; individual; as, to convey several parcels of land, all and singular.

5. (Gram.)

Defn: Denoting one person or thing; as, the singular number; -- opposed to dual and Ant: plural.

6. Standing by itself; out of the ordinary course; unusual; uncommon; strange; as, a singular phenomenon. So singular a sadness Must have a cause as strange as the effect. Denham.

7. Distinguished as existing in a very high degree; rarely equaled; eminent; extraordinary; exceptional; as, a man of singular gravity or attainments.

8. Departing from general usage or expectations; odd; whimsical; -- often implying disapproval or consure. His zeal None seconded, as out of season judged, Or singular and rash. Milton. To be singular in anything that is wise and worthy, is not a disparagement, but a praise. Tillotson.

9. Being alone; belonging to, or being, that of which there is but one; unique. These busts of the emperors and empresses are all very scarce, and some of them almost singular in their kind. Addison. Singular point in a curve (Math.), a point at which the curve possesses some peculiar properties not possessed by other points of the curve, as a cusp point, or a multiple point. -- Singular proposition (Logic), a proposition having as its subject a singular term, or a common term limited to an individual by means of a singular sign. Whately. -- Singular succession (Civil Law), division among individual successors, as distinguished from universal succession, by which an estate descended in intestacy to the heirs in mass. -- Singular term (Logic), a term which represents or stands for a single individual.

Syn. -- Unexampled; unprecedented; eminent; extraordinary; remarkable; uncommon; rare; unusual; peculiar; strange; odd; eccentric; fantastic.

SINGULAR Sin"gu*lar, n.

1. An individual instance; a particular. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

2. (Gram)

Defn: The singular number, or the number denoting one person or thing; a word in the singular number.

SINGULARIST Sin"gu*lar*ist, n.

Defn: One who affects singularity. [Obs.] A clownish singularist, or nonconformist to ordinary usage. Borrow.

SINGULARITY Sin`gu*lar"i*ty, n.; pl. Singularities. Etym: [L. singularitas: cf. F. singularité.]

1. The quality or state of being singular; some character or quality of a thing by which it is distinguished from all, or from most, others; peculiarity. Pliny addeth this singularity to that soil, that the second year the very falling down of the seeds yieldeth corn. Sir. W. Raleigh. I took notice of this little figure for the singularity of the instrument. Addison.

2. Anything singular, rare, or curious. Your gallery Have we passed through, not without much content In many singularities. Shak.

3. Possession of a particular or exclusive privilege, prerogative, or distinction. No bishop of Rome ever took upon him this name of singularity [universal bishop]. Hooker. Catholicism . . . must be understood in opposition to the legal singularity of the Jewish nation. Bp. Pearson.

4. Celibacy. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

SINGULARIZE Sin"gu*lar*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make singular or single; to distinguish. [R.]

SINGULARLY Sin"gu*lar*ly, adv.

1. In a singular manner; in a manner, or to a degree, not common to others; extraordinarily; as, to be singularly exact in one's statements; singularly considerate of others. "Singularly handsome." Milman.

2. Strangely; oddly; as, to behave singularly.

3. So as to express one, or the singular number.

SINGULT Sin"gult, n.Etym: [L. singultus.]

Defn: A sigh or sobbing; also, a hiccough. [Obs.] Spenser. W. Browne.

SINGULTOUS Sin*gul"tous, a. (Med.)

Defn: Relating to, or affected with, hiccough. Dunglison.

SINGULTUS Sin*gul"tus, n. Etym: [L.] (Med.)

Defn: Hiccough.

SINIC Sin"ic, a. [See Sinologue.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Chinese and allied races; Chinese.

SINICAL Sin"i*cal, a. Etym: [From Sine.] (Trig.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a sine; employing, or founded upon, sines; as, a sinical quadrant.

SINICISM Sin"i*cism, n. (Ethnol.)

Defn: Anything peculiar to the Chinese; esp., a Chinese peculiarity in manners or customs.

SINIGRIN Sin"i*grin, n. Etym: [From NL. Sinapis nigra.] (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside found in the seeds of black mustard (Brassica nigra, formerly Sinapis nigra) It resembles sinalbin, and consists of a potassium salt of myronic acid.

SINISTER Sin"is*ter, a. Etym: [Accented on the middle syllable by the older poets, as Shakespeare, Milton, Dryden.] Etym: [L. sinister: cf. F. sinistre.]

1. On the left hand, or the side of the left hand; left; -- opposed to dexter, or right. "Here on his sinister cheek." Shak. My mother's blood Runs on the dexter cheek, and this sinister Bounds in my father's Shak.

Note: In heraldy the sinister side of an escutcheon is the side which would be on the left of the bearer of the shield, and opposite the right hand of the beholder.

2. Unlucky; inauspicious; disastrous; injurious; evil; -- the left being usually regarded as the unlucky side; as, sinister influences. All the several ills that visit earth, Brought forth by night, with a sinister birth. B. Jonson.

3. Wrong, as springing from indirection or obliquity; perverse; dishonest; corrupt; as, sinister aims. Nimble and sinister tricks and shifts. Bacon. He scorns to undermine another's interest by any sinister or inferior arts. South. He read in their looks . . . sinister intentions directed particularly toward himself. Sir W. Scott.

4. Indicative of lurking evil or harm; boding covert danger; as, a sinister countenance. Bar sinister. (Her.) See under Bar, n. -- Sinister aspect (Astrol.), an appearance of two planets happening according to the succession of the signs, as Saturn in Aries, and Mars in the same degree of Gemini. -- Sinister base, Sinister chief. See under Escutcheon.

SINISTER-HANDED Sin"is*ter-hand"ed, a.

Defn: Left-handed; hence, unlucky. [Obs.] Lovelace.

SINISTERLY Sin"is*ter*ly, adv.

Defn: In a sinister manner. Wood.

SINISTRAD Sin"is*trad, adv. Etym: [L. sinistra the left hand + ad tp.] (Anat. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Toward the left side; sinistrally.

SINISTRAL Sin"is*tral, a.

1. Of or pertaining to the left, inclining to the left; sinistrous; - - opposed to dextral.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the whorls of the spire revolving or rising to the left; reversed; -- said of certain spiral shells.

SINISTRALITY Sin`is*tral"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being sinistral.

SINISTRALLY Sin"is*tral*ly, adv.

Defn: Toward the left; in a sinistral manner. J. Le Conte.

SINISTRIN Sin"is*trin, n. Etym: [L. sinister left.] (Chem.)

Defn: A mucilaginous carbohydrate, resembling achroödextrin, extracted from squill as a colorless amorphous substance; -- so called because it is levorotatory.

SINISTRORSAL Sin`is*tror"sal, a. Etym: [L.sinistrorsus, sinistroversus, turned toward the left side; sinister left + vertere, vortere, versum, vorsum, to turn.]

Defn: Rising spirally from right to left (of the spectator); sinistrorse.

SINISTRORSE Sin"is*trorse`, a. Etym: [See Sinistrolsal.]

Defn: Turning to the left (of the spectator) in the ascending line; - - the opposite of dextrorse. See Dextrorse.

SINISTROUS Sin"is*trous, a. Etym: [See Sinister.]

1. Being on the left side; inclined to the left; sinistral. "Sinistrous gravity." Sir T. Browne.

2. Wrong; absurd; perverse. A knave or fool can do no harm, even by the most sinistrous and absurd choice. Bentley.

SINISTROUSLY Sin"is*trous*ly, adv.

1. In a sinistrous manner; perversely; wrongly; unluckily.

2. With a tendency to use the left hand. Many, in their infancy, are sinistrously disposed, and divers continue all their life left-handed. Sir T. Browne.

SINK Sink, v. i. [imp. Sunk, or (Sank (); p. p. Sunk (obs. Sunken, -- now used as adj.); p. pr. & vb. n. Sinking.] Etym: [OE. sinken, AS. sincan; akin to D. zinken, OS. sincan, G. sinken, Icel. sökkva, Dan. synke, Sw. sjunka, Goth. siggan, and probably to E. silt. Cf. Silt.]

1. To fall by, or as by, the force of gravity; to descend lower and lower; to decline gradually; to subside; as, a stone sinks in water; waves rise and sink; the sun sinks in the west. I sink in deep mire. Ps. lxix. 2.

2. To enter deeply; to fall or retire beneath or below the surface; to penetrate. The stone sunk into his forehead. 1 San. xvii. 49.

3. Hence, to enter so as to make an abiding impression; to enter completely. Let these sayings sink down into your ears. Luke ix. 44.

4. To be overwhelmed or depressed; to fall slowly, as so the ground, from weakness or from an overburden; to fail in strength; to decline; to decay; to decrease. I think our country sinks beneath the yoke. Shak. He sunk down in his chariot. 2 Kings ix. 24. Let not the fire sink or slacken. Mortimer.

5. To decrease in volume, as a river; to subside; to become diminished in volume or in apparent height. The Alps and Pyreneans sink before him. Addison.

Syn. -- To fall; subside; drop; droop; lower; decline; decay; decrease; lessen.

SINK Sink, v. t.

1. To cause to sink; to put under water; to immerse or submerge in a fluid; as, to sink a ship. [The Athenians] fell upon the wings and sank a single ship. Jowett (Thucyd.).

2. Figuratively: To cause to decline; to depress; to degrade; hence, to ruin irretrievably; to destroy, as by drowping; as, to sink one's reputation. I raise of sink, imprison or set free. Prior. If I have a conscience, let it sink me. Shak. Thy cruel and unnatural lust of power Has sunk thy father more than all his years. Rowe.

3. To make (a depression) by digging, delving, or cutting, etc.; as, to sink a pit or a well; to sink a die.

4. To bring low; to reduce in quantity; to waste. You sunk the river repeated draughts. Addison.

5. To conseal and appropriate. [Slang] If sent with ready money to buy anything, and you happen to be out of pocket, sink the money, and take up the goods on account. Swift.

6. To keep out of sight; to suppress; to ignore. A courtly willingness to sink obnoxious truths. Robertson.

7. To reduce or extinguish by payment; as, to sink the national debt.

SINK Sink, n.

1. A drain to carry off filthy water; a jakes.

2. A shallow box or vessel of wood, stone, iron, or other material, connected with a drain, and used for receiving filthy water, etc., as in a kitchen.

3. A hole or low place in land or rock, where waters sink and are lost; -- called also sink hole. [U. S.] Sink hole. (a) The opening to a sink drain. (b) A cesspool. (c) Same as Sink, n., 3.

SINKER Sink"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, sinks. Specifically: (a) A weight on something, as on a fish line, to sink it. (b) In knitting machines, one of the thin plates, blades, or other devices, that depress the loops upon or between the needles. Dividing sinker, in knitting machines, a sinker between two jack sinkers and acting alternately with them. -- Jack sinker. See under Jack, n. -- Sinker bar. (a) In knitting machines, a bar to which one set of the sinkers is attached. (b) In deep well boring, a heavy bar forming a connection between the lifting rope and the boring tools, above the jars.

SINKING Sink"ing, a & n.

Defn: from Sink. Sinking fund. See under Fund. -- Sinking head (Founding), a riser from which the mold is fed as the casting shrinks. See Riser, n., 4. -- Sinking pump, a pump which can be lowered in a well or a mine shaft as the level of the water sinks.

SINLESS Sin"less, a.

Defn: Free from sin. Piers Plowman. -- Sin"less*ly, adv. -- Sin"less*ness, n.

SINNER Sin"ner, n.

Defn: One who has sinned; especially, one who has sinned without repenting; hence, a persistent and incorrigible transgressor; one condemned by the law of God.

SINNER Sin"ner, v. i.

Defn: To act as a sinner. [Humorous] Whether the charmer sinner it or saint it. Pope.

SINNERESS Sin"ner*ess, n.

Defn: A woman who sins. [Obs.]

SINNET Sin"net, n.

Defn: See Sennit .

SINOLOGICAL Sin`o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [See Sinilogue.]

Defn: Relating to the Chinese language or literature.

SINOLOGIST Si*nol"o*gist, n.

Defn: A sinilogue.

SINOLOGUE Sin"o*logue, n. Etym: [From L. Sinae, an Oriental people mentioned by Ptolemy, or Ar. Sin China or the Chinese + Gr. theologue: cf. F. sinologue.]

Defn: A student of Chinese; one versed in the Chinese language, literature, and history.

SINOLOGY Si*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sinologie.]

Defn: That branch of systemized knowledge which treats of the Chinese, their language, literature, etc.

SINOPER Sin"o*per, n. (Min.)

Defn: Sinople.

SINOPIA; SINOPIS Si*no"pi*a, Si*no"pis, n.

Defn: A red pigment made from sinopite.

SINOPITE Sin"o*pite, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. sinopis (sc. terra), a red earth or ocher found in Sinope, a town in Paphlagoma, on the Black Sea, Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A brickred ferruginous clay used by the ancients for red paint.

SINOPLE Sin"o*ple, n. (Min.)

Defn: Ferruginous quartz, of a blood-red or brownish red color, sometimes with a tinge of yellow.

SINOPLE Sin"o*ple, n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. sinopis. See Sinople a mineral.] (Her.)

Defn: The tincture vert; green.

SINQUE Sinque, n.

Defn: See Cinque. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.

SINSRING Sins"ring, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Banxring.

SINTER Sin"ter, n. Etym: [G. Cf. Cinder.] (Min.)

Defn: Dross, as of iron; the scale which files from iron when hammered; -- applied as a name to various minerals. Calcareous sinter, a loose banded variety of calcite formed by deposition from lime-bearing waters; calcareous tufa; travertine. -- Ceraunian sinter, fulgurite. -- Siliceous sinter, a light cellular or fibrous opal; especially, geyserite (see Geyserite). It has often a pearly luster, and is then called pearl sinter.

SINTO; SINTU; SINTOISM; SINTOIST Sin"to, or Sin"tu, Sin"to*ism, Sin"to*ist.

Defn: See Shinto, etc.

SINTOC Sin"toc, n.

Defn: A kind of spice used in the East Indies, consisting of the bark of a species of Cinnamomum. [Written also sindoc.]

SINUATE Sin"u*ate, a. Etym: [L. sinuatus, p. p. of sinuare to wind, bend, fr. sinus a bend.]

Defn: Having the margin alternately curved inward and outward; having rounded lobes separated by rounded sinuses; sinuous; wavy.

SINUATE Sin"u*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sinuated; p. pr. & vb. n. Sinuating.]

Defn: To bend or curve in and out; to wind; to turn; to be sinusous. Woodward.

SINUATED Sin"u*a`ted, a.

Defn: Same as Sinuate.

SINUATION Sin`u*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. sinuatio.]

Defn: A winding or bending in and out.

SINUOSE Sin"u*ose`, a.

Defn: Sinuous. Loudon.

SINUOSITY Sin`u*os"i*ty, n.; pl. Sinuosities. Etym: [Cf. F. sinuosité.]

1. Quality or state of being sinuous.

2. A bend, or a series of bends and turns; a winding, or a series of windings; a wave line; a curve. A line of coast certainly amounting, with its sinuosities, to more than 700 miles. Sydney Smith.

SINUOUS Sin"u*ous, a. Etym: [L. sinuosus, fr. sinus a bent surface, a curve: cf. F. sinueux. See Sinus.]

Defn: Bending in and out; of a serpentine or undulating form; winding; crooked. -- Sin"u*ous*ly, adv. Streaking the ground with sinuous trace. Milton. Gardens bright with sinuous rills. Coleridge.

SINUPALLIATE Si`nu*pal"li*ate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a pallial sinus. See under Sinus.

SINUS Si"nus, n.; pl. L. Sinus, E. Sinuses. Etym: [L., a bent surface, a curve, the folds or bosom of a garment, etc., a bay. Cf. Sine, n.]

1. An opening; a hollow; a bending.

2. A bay of the sea; a recess in the shore.

3. (Anat. & Zoöl.)

Defn: A cavity; a depression. Specifically: (a) A cavity in a bone or other part, either closed or with a narrow opening. (b) A dilated vessel or canal.

4. (Med.)

Defn: A narrow, elongated cavity, in which pus is collected; an elongated abscess with only a small orifice.

5. (Bot.)

Defn: A depression between adjoining lobes.

Note: A sinus may be rounded, as in the leaf of the white oak, or acute, as in that of the red maple. Pallial sinus. (Zoöl.) See under Pallial. -- Sinus venosus. Etym: [L., venous dilatation.] (Anat.) (a) The main part of the cavity of the right auricle of the heart in the higher vertebrates. (b) In the lower vertebrates, a distinct chamber of the heart formed by the union of the large systematic veins and opening into the auricle.

SINUSOID Si"nus*oid, n. Etym: [Sinus + -oid.] (Geom.)

Defn: The curve whose ordinates are proportional to the sines of the abscissas, the equation of the curve being y = a sin x. It is also called the curve of sines.

SINUSOIDAL Si`nus*oid"al, a. (Geom.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a sinusoid; like a sinusoid.

SIOGOON Sio"goon, n.

Defn: See Shogun.

SIOGOONATE Sio*goon"ate, n.

Defn: See Shogunate.

SIOUX Sioux, n. sing. & pl. (Ethnol.)

Defn: See Dakotas.

SIOUX STATE Sioux State.

Defn: North Dakota; -- a nickname.

SIP Sip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sipped; p. pr. & vb. n. Sipping.] Etym: [OE. sippen; akin to OD. sippen, and AS. s to sip, suck up, drink. See Sup, v. t.]

1. To drink or imbibe in small quantities; especially, to take in with the lips in small quantities, as a liquid; as, to sip tea. "Every herb that sips the dew." Milton.

2. To draw into the mouth; to suck up; as, a bee sips nectar from the flowers.

3. To taste the liquor of; to drink out of. [Poetic] They skim the floods, and sip the purple flowers. Dryden.

SIP Sip, v. i.

Defn: To drink a small quantity; to take a fluid with the lips; to take a sip or sips of something. [She] raised it to her mouth with sober grace; Then, sipping, offered to the next in place. Dryden.

SIP Sip, n.

1. The act of sipping; the taking of a liquid with the lips.

2. A small draught taken with the lips; a slight taste. One sip of this Will bathe the drooping spirits in delight Beyond the bliss of dreams. Milton. A sip is all that the public ever care to take from reservoirs of abstract philosophy. De Quincey.

SIPAGE Sip"age, n.

Defn: See Seepage. [Scot. & U.S.]

SIPE Sipe, v. i.

Defn: See Seep. [Scot. & U.S.]

SIPHILIS Siph"i*lis, n. (Med.)

Defn: Syphilis.

SIPHOID Si"phoid, n. Etym: [L. sipho a siphon + -oid: cf. F. vase siphoïde.]

Defn: A siphon bottle. See under Siphon, n.

SIPHON Si"phon, n. Etym: [F. siphon, L. sipho, -onis, fr. Gr.

1. A device, consisting of a pipe or tube bent so as to form two branches or legs of unequal length, by which a liquid can be transferred to a lower level, as from one vessel to another, over an intermediate elevation, by the action of the pressure of the atmosphere in forcing the liquid up the shorter branch of the pipe immersed in it, while the continued excess of weight of the liquid in the longer branch (when once filled) causes a continuous flow. The flow takes place only when the discharging extremity of the pipe ia lower than the higher liquid surface, and when no part of the pipe is higher above the surface than the same liquid will rise by atmospheric pressure; that is, about 33 feet for water, and 30 inches for mercury, near the sea level.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) One of the tubes or folds of the mantle border of a bivalve or gastropod mollusk by which water is conducted into the gill cavity. See Illust. under Mya, and Lamellibranchiata. (b) The anterior prolongation of the margin of any gastropod shell for the protection of the soft siphon. (c) The tubular organ through which water is ejected from the gill cavity of a cephaloid. It serves as a locomotive organ, by guiding and confining the jet of water. Called also siphuncle. See Illust. under Loligo, and Dibranchiata. (d) The siphuncle of a cephalopod shell. (e) The sucking proboscis of certain parasitic insects and crustaceans. (f) A sproutlike prolongation in front of the mouth of many gephyreans. (g) A tubular organ connected both with the esophagus and the intestine of certain sea urchins and annelids.

3. A siphon bottle. Inverted siphon, a tube bent like a siphon, but having the branches turned upward; specifically (Hydraulic Engineering), a pipe for conducting water beneath a depressed place, as from one hill to another across an intervening valley, following the depression of the ground. -- Siphon barometer. See under Barometer. -- Siphon bottle, a bottle for holding aërated water, which is driven out through a bent tube in the neck by the gas within the bottle when a valve in the tube is opened; -- called also gazogene, and siphoid. -- Siphon condenser, a condenser for a steam engine, in which the vacuum is maintained by the downward flow of water through a vertical pipe of great height. -- Siphon cup, a cup with a siphon attached for carrying off any liquid in it; specifically (Mach.), an oil cup in which oil is carried over the edge of a tube in a cotton wick, and so reaches the surface to be lubricated. -- Siphon gauge. See under Gauge. -- Siphon pump, a jet pump. See under Jet, n.

SIPHON Si"phon, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To convey, or draw off, by means of a siphon, as a liquid from one vessel to another at a lower level.

SIPHONAGE Si"phon*age, n.

Defn: The action of a siphon.

SIPHONAL Si"phon*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a siphon; resembling a siphon. Siphonal stomach (Zoöl.), a stomach which is tubular and bent back upon itself, like a siphon, as in the salmon.

SIPHONARID Si`pho*na"rid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of limpet-shaped pulmonate gastropods of the genus Siphonaria. They cling to rocks between high and low water marks and have both lunglike organs and gills. -- Si`pho*na"rid, a.

SIPHONATA Si`pho*na"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A tribe of bivalve mollusks in which the posterior mantle border is prolonged into two tubes or siphons. Called also Siphoniata. See Siphon, 2 (a), and Quahaug.

SIPHONATE Si"phon*ate, a.

1. Having a siphon or siphons.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Siphonata.

SIPHONET Si"phon*et, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the two dorsal tubular organs on the hinder part of the abdomen of aphids. They give exit to the honeydew. See Illust. under Aphis.

SIPHONIA Si*pho"ni*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)

Defn: A former name for a euphorbiaceous genus (Hevea) of South American trees, the principal source of caoutchouc.

SIPHONIATA Si*pho`ni*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Siphonata.

SIPHONIC Si*phon"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a siphon.

SIPHONIFER Si*phon"i*fer, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. sipho, -onis, siphon + ferre to bear.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any cephalopod having a siphonate shell.

SIPHONIFEROUS Si"phon*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [Siphon + -ferous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Siphon-bearing, as the shell of the nautilus and other cephalopods.

SIPHONIUM Si*pho"ni*um, n.; pl. Siphonia. Etym: [NL., from Gr. Siphon.] (Anat.)

Defn: A bony tube which, in some birds, connects the tympanium with the air chambers of the articular piece of the mandible.

SIPHONOBRANCHIATA Si`pho*no*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Siphon, and Branchia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A tribe of gastropods having the mantle border, on one or both sides, prolonged in the form of a spout through which water enters the gill cavity. The shell itself is not always siphonostomatous in this group.

SIPHONOBRANCHIATE Si`pho*no*bran"chi*ate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a siphon, or siphons, to convey water to the gills; belonging or pertaining to the Siphonobranchiata. -- n.

Defn: One of the Siphonobranchiata.

SIPHONOGLYPHE Si`pho*nog"ly*phe, n. Etym: [Siphon + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A gonidium.

SIPHONOPHORA Si`pho*noph"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of pelagic Hydrozoa including species which form complex free-swimming communities composed of numerous zooids of various kinds, some of which act as floats or as swimming organs, others as feeding or nutritive zooids, and others as reproductive zooids. See Illust. under Physallia, and Porpita.

SIPHONOPHORAN Si`pho*noph"o*ran, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Siphonophora. -- n.

Defn: One of the Siphonophora.

SIPHONOPHORE Si*phon"o*phore, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Siphonophora.

SIPHONOPODA Si`pho*nop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Siphon, and -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Scaphopoda including those in which the foot terminates in a circular disk.

SIPHONOSTOMATA Si`pho*no*stom"a*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Siphon, and Stoma.] (Zoöl.) (a) A tribe of parasitic copepod Crustacea including a large number of species that are parasites of fishes, as the lerneans. They have a mouth adapted to suck blood. (b) An artificial division of gastropods including those that have siphonostomatous shells.

SIPHONOSTOMATOUS Si`pho*no*stom"a*tous, a. (Zoöl.) (a) Having the front edge of the aperture of the shell prolonged in the shape of a channel for the protection of the siphon; -- said of certain gastropods. (b) Pertaining to the Siphonostomata.

SIPHONOSTOME Si`pho*nos"tome, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) Any parasitic entomostracan of the tribe Siphonostomata. (b) A siphonostomatous shell.

SIPHORHINAL Si`pho*rhi"nal, a. Etym: [Siphon + rhinal.] (Zoöl.)