Chapter CCCLXXVII: Prologue (28)

Defn: The act of reviving, or the state of being revived. Specifically: (a) Renewed attention to something, as to letters or literature. (b) Renewed performance of, or interest in, something, as the drama and literature. (c) Renewed interest in religion, after indifference and decline; a period of religious awakening; special religious interest. (d) Reanimation from a state of langour or depression; -- applied to the health, spirits, and the like. (e) Renewed pursuit, or cultivation, or flourishing state of something, as of commerce, arts, agriculture. (f) Renewed prevalence of something, as a practice or a fashion. (g) (Law) Restoration of force, validity, or effect; renewal; as, the revival of a debt barred by limitation; the revival of a revoked will, etc. (h) Revivification, as of a metal. See Revivification, 2.

REVIVALISM Re*viv"al*ism, n.

Defn: The spirit of religious revivals; the methods of revivalists.

REVIVALIST Re*viv"al*ist, n.

Defn: A clergyman or layman who promotes revivals of religion; an advocate for religious revivals; sometimes, specifically, a clergyman, without a particular charge, who goes about to promote revivals. Also used adjectively.

REVIVALISTIC Re*viv`al*is"tic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to revivals.

REVIVE Re*vive", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Revived; p. pr. & vb. n. Reviving.] Etym: [F. revivere, L. revivere; pref. re- re- + vivere to live. See Vivid.]

1. To return to life; to recover life or strength; to live anew; to become reanimated or reinvigorated. Shak. The Lord heard the voice of Elijah; and the soul of the child came into again, and he revived. 1 Kings xvii. 22.

2. Hence, to recover from a state of oblivion, obscurity, neglect, or depression; as, classical learning revived in the fifteenth century.

3. (Old Chem.)

Defn: To recover its natural or metallic state, as a metal.

REVIVE Re*vive", v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. reviver. See Revive, v. i.]

1. To restore, or bring again to life; to reanimate. Those bodies, by reason of whose mortality we died, shall be revived. Bp. Pearson.

2. To raise from coma,, languor, depression, or discouragement; to bring into action after a suspension. Those gracious words revive my drooping thoughts. Shak. Your coming, friends, revives me. Milton.

3. Hence, to recover from a state of neglect or disuse; as, to revive letters or learning.

4. To renew in the mind or memory; to bring to recollection; to recall attention to; to reawaken. "Revive the libels born to die." Swift. The mind has a power in many cases to revive perceptions which it has once had. Locke.

5. (Old Chem.)

Defn: To restore or reduce to its natural or metallic state; as, to revive a metal after calcination.

REVIVEMENT Re*vive"ment, n.

Defn: Revival. [R.]

REVIVER Re*viv"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, revives.

REVIVIFICATE Re`vi*vif"i*cate, v. t. Etym: [Pref. re- + vivificate: cf. L. revivificare, revivificatum. Cf. Revivify.]

Defn: To revive; to recall or restore to life. [R.]

REVIVIFICATION Re*viv`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. révivification.]

1. Renewal of life; restoration of life; the act of recaling, or the state of being recalled, to life.

2. (Old Chem.)

Defn: The reduction of a metal from a state of combination to its metallic state.

REVIVIFY Re*viv"i*fy, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. révivifier, L. revivificare. See Vivify.]

Defn: To cause to revive. Some association may revivify it enough to make it flash, after a long oblivion, into consciousness. Sir W. Hamilton.

REVIVING Re*viv"ing, a. & n.

Defn: Returning or restoring to life or vigor; reanimating. Milton. -- Re*viv"ing*ly, adv.

REVIVISCENCE; REVIVISCENCY Rev`i*vis"cence, Rev`i*vis"cen*cy, n.

Defn: The act of reviving, or the state of being revived; renewal of life. In this age we have a sort of reviviscence, not, I fear, of the power, but of a taste for the power, of the early times. Coleridge.

REVIVISCENT Rev`i*vis"cent, a. Etym: [L. reviviscens, p. pr. ofreviviscere to revive; pref. re- re- + viviscere, v. incho. fr. vivere to live.]

Defn: Able or disposed to revive; reviving. E. Darwin.

REVIVOR Re*viv"or, n. (Eng. Law)

Defn: Revival of a suit which is abated by the death or marriage of any of the parties, -- done by a bill of revivor. Blackstone.

REVOCABILITY Rev`o*ca*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being revocable; as, the revocability of a law.

REVOCABLE Rev"o*ca*ble, a. Etym: [L. revocabilis: cf. F. révocable. See Revoke.]

Defn: Capable of being revoked; as, a revocable edict or grant; a revocable covenant. -- Rev"o*ca*ble*ness, n. -- Rev"o*ca*bly, adv.

REVOCATE Rev"o*cate, v. t. Etym: [L. revocatus, p. p. of revocare. See Revoke.]

Defn: To recall; to call back. [Obs.]

REVOCATION Rev`o*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. revocatio: cf. F. révocation.]

1. The act of calling back, or the state of being recalled; recall. One that saw the people bent for the revocation of Calvin, gave him notice of their affection. Hooker.

2. The act by which one, having the right, annuls an act done, a power or authority given, or a license, gift, or benefit conferred; repeal; reversal; as, the revocation of an edict, a power, a will, or a license.

REVOCATORY Rev"o**ca*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. revocatorius: cf. F. révocatoire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to revocation; tending to, or involving, a revocation; revoking; recalling.

REVOICE Re*voice", v. t.

Defn: To refurnish with a voice; to refit, as an organ pipe, so as to restore its tone.

REVOKE Re*voke", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revoked;p. pr. & vb. n. Revoking.] Etym: [F. révoquer, L. revocare; pref. re- re- + vocare to call, fr. vox, vocis, voice. See Voice, and cf. Revocate.]

1. To call or bring back; to recall. [Obs.] The faint sprite he did revoke again, To her frail mansion of morality. Spenser.

2. Hence, to annul, by recalling or taking back; to repeal; to rescind; to cancel; to reverse, as anything granted by a special act; as, , to revoke a will, a license, a grant, a permission, a law, or the like. Shak.

3. To hold back; to repress; to restrain. [Obs.] [She] still strove their sudden rages to revoke. Spenser.

4. To draw back; to withdraw. [Obs.] Spenser.

5. To call back to mind; to recollect. [Obs.] A man, by revoking and recollecting within himself former passages, will be still apt to inculcate these sad memoris to his conscience. South.

Syn. -- To abolish; recall; repeal; rescind; countermand; annul; abrogate; cancel; reverse. See Abolish.

REVOKE Re*voke", v. i. (Card Playing)

Defn: To fail to follow suit when holding a card of the suit led, in violation of the rule of the game; to renege. Hoyle.

REVOKE Re*voke", n. (Card Playing)

Defn: The act of revoking. She [Sarah Battle] never made a revoke. Lamb.

REVOKEMENT Re*voke"ment, n.

Defn: Revocation. [R.] Shak.

REVOKER Re*vok"er, n.

Defn: One who revokes.

REVOKINGLY Re*vok"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of revocation.

REVOLT Re*volt", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Revolted; p. pr. & vb. n. Revolting.] Etym: [Cf. F. révoller, It. rivoltare. See Revolt, n.]

1. To turn away; to abandon or reject something; specifically, to turn away, or shrink, with abhorrence. But this got by casting pearl to hogs, That bawl for freedom in their senseless mood, And still revolt when trith would set them free. Milton. HIs clear intelligence revolted from the dominant sophisms of that time. J. Morley.

2. Hence, to be faithless; to desert one party or leader for another; especially, to renounce allegiance or subjection; to rise against a government; to rebel. Our discontented counties do revolt. Shak. Plant those that have revolted in the van. Shak.

3. To be disgusted, shocked, or grossly offended; hence, to feel nausea; -- with at; as, the stomach revolts at such food; his nature revolts at cruelty.

REVOLT Re*volt", v. t.

1. To cause to turn back; to roll or drive back; to put to flight. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To do violence to; to cause to turn away or shrink with abhorrence; to shock; as, to revolt the feelings. This abominable medley is made rather to revolt young and ingenuous minds. Burke. To derive delight from what inflicts pain on any sentient creatuure revolted his conscience and offended his reason. J. Morley.

REVOLT Re*volt", n. Etym: [F. révolte, It. rivolta, fr. rivolto, p. p. fr. L. revolvere, revolutum. See Revolve.]

1. The act of revolting; an uprising against legitimate authority; especially, a renunciation of allegiance and subjection to a government; rebellion; as, the revolt of a province of the Roman empire. Who first seduced them to that foul revolt Milton.

2. A revolter. [Obs.] "Ingrate revolts." Shak.

Syn. -- Insurrection; sedition; rebellion; mutiny. See Insurrection.

REVOLTER Re*volt"er, n.

Defn: One who revolts.

REVOLTING Re*volt"ing, a.

Defn: Causing abhorrence mixed with disgust; exciting extreme repugnance; loathsome; as, revolting cruelty. -- Re*volt"ing*ly, adv.

REVOLUBLE Rev"o*lu*ble, a. Etym: [L. revolubilis that may be rolled back. See Revolve.]

Defn: Capable of revolving; rotatory; revolving. [Obs.] Us, then, to whom the thrice three year Hath filled his revoluble orb since our arrival here, I blame not. Chapman.

REVOLUTE Rev"o*lute, a. Etym: [L. revolutus, p. p. of revolvere. See Revolve.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Rolled backward or downward.

Note: A revolute leaf is coiled downwards, with the lower surface inside the coil. A leaf with revolute margins has the edges rolled under, as in the Andromeda polifilia.

REVOLUTION Rev`o*lu"tion, n. Etym: [F. révolution, L. revolutio. See Revolve.]

1. The act of revolving, or turning round on an axis or a center; the motion of a body round a fixed point or line; rotation; as, the revolution of a wheel, of a top, of the earth on its axis, etc.

2. Return to a point before occupied, or to a point relatively the same; a rolling back; return; as, revolution in an ellipse or spiral. That fear Comes thundering back, with dreadful revolution, On my defenseless head. Milton.

3. The space measured by the regular return of a revolving body; the period made by the regular recurrence of a measure of time, or by a succession of similar events. "The short revolution of a day." Dryden.

4. (Astron.)

Defn: The motion of any body, as a planet or satellite, in a curved line or orbit, until it returns to the same point again, or to a point relatively the same; -- designated as the annual, anomalistic, nodical, sidereal, or tropical revolution, according as the point of return or completion has a fixed relation to the year, the anomaly, the nodes, the stars, or the tropics; as, the revolution of the earth about the sun; the revolution of the moon about the earth.

Note: The term is sometimes applied in astronomy to the motion of a single body, as a planet, about its own axis, but this motion is usually called rotation.

5. (Geom.)

Defn: The motion of a point, line, or surface about a point or line as its center or axis, in such a manner that a moving point generates a curve, a moving line a surface (called a surface of revolution), and a moving surface a solid (called a solid of revolution); as, the revolution of a right-angled triangle about one of its sides generates a cone; the revolution of a semicircle about the diameter generates a sphere.

6. A total or radical change; as, a revolution in one's circumstances or way of living. The ability . . . of the great philosopher speedily produced a complete revolution throughout the department. Macaulay.

7. (Politics)

Defn: A fundamental change in political organization, or in a government or constitution; the overthrow or renunciation of one government, and the substitution of another, by the governed. The violence of revolutions is generally proportioned to the degree of the maladministration which has produced them. Macaulay.

Note: When used without qualifying terms, the word is often applied specifically, by way of eminence, to: (a) The English Revolution in 1689, when William of Orange and Mary became the reigning sovereigns, in place of James II. (b) The American Revolution, beginning in 1775, by which the English colonies, since known as the United States, secured their independence. (c) The revolution in France in 1789, commonly called the French Revolution, the subsequent revolutions in that country being designated by their dates, as the Revolution of 1830, of 1848, etc.

REVOLUTIONARY Rev`o*lu"tion*a*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. révolutionnaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a revolution in government; tending to, or promoting, revolution; as, revolutionary war; revolutionary measures; revolutionary agitators.

REVOLUTIONARY Rev`o*lu"tion*a*ry, n.

Defn: A revolutionist. [R.] Dumfries was a Tory town, and could not tolerate a revolutionary. Prof. Wilson.

REVOLUTIONER Rev`o*lu"tion*er, n.

Defn: One who is engaged in effecting a revolution; a revolutionist. Smollett.

REVOLUTIONISM Rev`o*lu"tion*ism, n.

Defn: The state of being in revolution; revolutionary doctrines or principles.

REVOLUTIONIST Rev`o*lu"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One engaged in effecting a change of government; a favorer of revolution. Burke.

REVOLUTIONIZE Rev`o*lu"tion*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revolutioniezed; p. pr. & vb. n. Revolutionizing().]

Defn: To change completely, as by a revolution; as, to revolutionize a government. Ames. The gospel . . . has revolutionized his soul. J. M. Mason.

REVOLUTIVE Re*vol"u*tive, a.

Defn: Inclined to revolve things in the mind; meditative. [Obs.] Feltham.

REVOLVABLE Re*volv"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be revolved.

REVOLVE Re*volve", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Revolved(); p. pr. & vb. n. Revolving.] Etym: [L. revolvere, revolutum; pref. re- re- + volvere to roll, turn round. See Voluble, and cf. Revolt, revolution.]

1. To turn or roll round on, or as on, an axis, like a wheel; to rotate, -- which is the more specific word in this sense. If the earth revolve thus, each house pear the equator must move a thousand miles an hour. I. Watts.

2. To move in a curved path round a center; as, the planets revolve round the sun.

3. To pass in cycles; as, the centuries revolve.

4. To return; to pass. [R.] Ayliffe.

REVOLVE Re*volve", v. t.

1. To cause to turn, as on an axis. Then in the east her turn she shines, Revolved on heaven's great axile. Milton.

2. Hence, to turn over and over in the mind; to reflect repeatedly upon; to consider all aspects of. This having heard, straight I again revolved The law and prophets. Milton.

REVOLVEMENT Re*volve"ment, n.

Defn: Act of revolving. [R.]

REVOLVENCY Re*volv"en*cy, n.

Defn: The act or state of revolving; revolution. [Archaic] Its own revolvency upholds the world. Cowper.

REVOLVER Re*volv"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, revolves; specifically, a firearm ( commonly a pistol) with several chambers or barrels so arranged as to revolve on an axis, and be discharged in succession by the same lock; a repeater.

REVOLVING Re*volv"ing, a.

Defn: Making a revolution or revolutions; rotating; -- used also figuratively of time, seasons, etc., depending on the revolution of the earth. But grief returns with the revolving year. Shelley. Revolving seasons, fruitless as they pass. Cowper. Revolving firearm. See Revolver. -- Revolving light, a light or lamp in a lighthouse so arranged as to appear and disappear at fixed intervals, either by being turned about an axis so as to show light only at intervals, or by having its light occasionally intercepted by a revolving screen.

REVULSE Re*vulse", v. t. Etym: [L. revulsus, p. p. of revellere.]

Defn: To pull back with force. [R.] Cowper.

REVULSION Re*vul"sion, n. Etym: [F. révulsion, L. revulsio, fr. revellere, revulsum, to pluck or pull away; pref. re- re- + vellere to pull. Cf. Convulse.]

1. A strong pulling or drawing back; withdrawal. "Revulsions and pullbacks." SSir T. Brovne.

2. A sudden reaction; a sudden and complete change; -- applied to the feelings. A sudden and violent revulsion of feeling, both in the Parliament and the country, followed. Macaulay.

3. (Med.)

Defn: The act of turning or diverting any disease from one part of the body to another. It resembles derivation, but is usually applied to a more active form of counter irritation.

REVULSIVE Re*vul"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. révulsif.]

Defn: Causing, or tending to, revulsion.

REVULSIVE Re*vul"sive, n.

Defn: That which causes revulsion; specifically (Med.), a revulsive remedy or agent.

REW Rew, n. Etym: [See Row a series.]

Defn: A row. [Obs.] Chaucer. "A rew of sundry colored stones." Chapman.

REWAKE Re*wake"", v. t. & i.

Defn: To wake again.

REWARD Re*ward", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rewarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Rewarding.] Etym: [OF. rewarder, another form of regarder, of German origin. The original sense is, to look at, regard, hence, to regard as worthy, give a reward to. See Ward, Regard.]

Defn: To give in return, whether good or evil; -- commonly in a good sense; to requite; to recompense; to repay; to compensate. After the deed that is done, one doom shall reward, Mercy or no mercy as truth will accord. Piers Plowman. Thou hast rewarded me good, whereas I have rewarded thee evil. 1 Sam. xxiv. 17. I will render vengeance to mine enemies, and will reward them that hate me. Deut. xxxii. 41. God rewards those that have made use of the single talent. Hammond.

REWARD Re*ward", n. Etym: [See Reward, v., and cf. Regard, n.]

1. Regard; respect; consideration. [Obs.] Take reward of thine own value. Chaucer.

2. That which is given in return for good or evil done or received; esp., that which is offered or given in return for some service or attainment, as for excellence in studies, for the return of something lost, etc.; recompense; requital. Thou returnest From flight, seditious angel, to receive Thy merited reward. Milton. Rewards and punishments do always presuppose something willingly done well or ill. Hooker.

3. Hence, the fruit of one's labor or works. The dead know not anything, neither have they any more a reward. Eccl. ix. 5.

4. (Law)

Defn: Compensation or remuneration for services; a sum of money paid or taken for doing, or forbearing to do, some act. Burrill.

Syn. -- Recompense; compensation; remuneration; pay; requital; retribution; punishment.

REWARDABLE Re*ward"a*ble, a.

Defn: Worthy of reward. -- Re*ward"a*ble*ness, n. -- Re*ward"a*bly, adv.

REWARDER Re*ward"er, n.

Defn: One who rewards.

REWARDFUL Re*ward"ful, a.

Defn: Yielding reward. [R.]

REWARDLESS Re*ward"less, a.

Defn: Having, or affording, no reward.

REWE Rewe, v. t. & i.

Defn: Tu rue. [Obs.] Chaucer.

REWEL BONE Rew"el bone`. Etym: [Perh. from F. rouelle, dim. of roue a wheel, L. rota.]

Defn: An obsolete phrase of disputed meaning, -- perhaps, smooth or polished bone. His saddle was of rewel boon. Chaucer.

REWET Rew"et, n. Etym: [See Rouet.]

Defn: A gunlock. [R.]

REWFUL Rew"ful, a.

Defn: Rueful. [Obs.] Chaucer.

REWIN Re*win", v. t.

Defn: To win again, or win back. The Palatinate was not worth the rewinning. Fuller.

REWLE Rewle, n. & v.

Defn: Rule. [Obs.] Chaucer.

REWME Rewme, n.

Defn: Realm. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

REWORD Re*word", v. t.

1. To repeat in the same words; to reëcho. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To alter the wording of; to restate in other words; as, to reword an idea or a passage.

REWRITE Re*write", v. t.

Defn: To write again. Young.

REWTH Rewth, n.

Defn: Ruth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

REX Rex, n.; pl. Reges. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A king. To play rex, to play the king; to domineer. [Obs.]

REYN Reyn, n.

Defn: Rain or rein. [Obs.] Chaucer.

REYNARD Rey"nard, n.

Defn: An appelation applied after the manner of a proper name to the fox. Same as Renard.

REYSE Reyse, v. t.

Defn: To raise. [Obs.] Chaucer.

REYSE Reyse, v. i. Etym: [Cf. G. reisen to travel.]

Defn: To go on a military expedition. [Obs.] Chaucer.

REZ-DE-CHAUSSEE Rez`-de-chaus`sée", n. [F., lit., level of the street. See Raze, v. t., and Causey.] (Arch.)

Defn: The ground story of a building, either on a level with the street or raised slightly above it; -- said esp. of buildings on the continent of Europe.

Tier above tier of neat apartments rise over the little shops which form the rez-de-chaussée. The Century.

RHABARBARATE Rha*bar"ba*rate, a. Etym: [From NL. rhabarbarum, an old name of rhubarb. See Rhubarb.]

Defn: Impregnated or tinctured with rhubarb. Floyer.

RHABARBARIN; RHABARBARINE Rha*bar"ba*rin, or; Rha*bar"ba*rine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Chrysophanic acid.

RHABDITE Rhab"dite, n. Etym: [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A minute smooth rodlike or fusiform structure found in the tissues of many Turbellaria.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the hard parts forming the ovipositor of insects.

RHABDOCOELA Rhab`do*coe"la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + (Zoöl.)

Defn: A suborder of Turbellaria including those that have a simple cylindrical, or saclike, stomach, without an intestine.

RHABDOCOELOUS Rhab`do*coe"lous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Rhabdocoela.

RHABDOIDAL Rhab*doid"al, a.

Defn: See Sagittal.

RHABDOLITH Rhab"do*lith, n. Etym: [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + -lith.]

Defn: A minute calcareous rodlike structure found both at the surface and the bottom of the ocean; -- supposed by some to be a calcareous alga.

RHABDOLOGY Rhab*dol"o*gy, n.

Defn: Same as Rabdology.

RHABDOM Rhab"dom, n. Etym: [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of numerous minute rodlike structures formed of two or more cells situated behind the retinulæ in the compound eyes of insects, etc. See Illust. under Ommatidium.

RHABDOMANCY Rhab"do*man`cy, n.

Defn: Same as Rabdomancy.

RHABDOMERE Rhab"do*mere, n. Etym: [Rhabdom + -mere.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the several parts composing a rhabdom.

RHABDOPHORA Rhab*doph"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extinct division of Hydrozoa which includes the graptolities.

RHABDOPLEURA Rhab`do*pleu"ra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine Bryozoa in which the tubular cells have a centralchitinous axis and the tentacles are borne on a bilobed lophophore. It is the type of the order Pterobranchia, or Podostomata

RHABDOSPHERE Rhab"do*sphere, n. Etym: [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + E. sphere.]

Defn: A minute sphere composed of rhabdoliths.

RHACHIALGIA Rha`chi*al"gi*a, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: See Rachialgia.

RHACHIDIAN Rha*chid"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the rhachis; as, the rhachidian teeth of a mollusk.

RHACHIGLOSSA Rhach`i*glos"sa, n.pl. Etym: [NL. See Rhachis, and Glossa.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of marine gastropods having a retractile proboscis and three longitudinal rows of teeth on the radula. It includes many of the large ornamental shells, as the miters, murices, olives, purpuras, volutes, and whelks. See Illust. in Append.

RHACHILLA Rha*chil"la, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`chis the spine.] (Bot.)

Defn: A branch of inflorescence; the zigzag axis on which the florets are arranged in the spikelets of grasses.

RHACHIODONT Rha"chi*o*dont, a. Etym: [Gr. "ra`chis, -ios, the spine + (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having gular teeth formed by a peculiar modification of the inferior spines of some of the vertebræ, as certain South African snakes (Dasypelits) which swallow birds' eggs and use these gular teeth to crush them.

RHACHIS Rha"chis, n.; pl. E. Rhachises, L. Rhachides. Etym: [See Rachis.] [Written also rechis.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The spine.

2. (Bot.) (a) The continued stem or midrib of a pinnately compound leaf, as in a rose leaf or a fern. (b) The principal axis in a raceme, spike, panicle, or corymb.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) The shaft of a feather. The rhachis of the after-shaft, or plumule, is called the hyporhachis. (b) The central cord in the stem of a crinoid. (c) The median part of the radula of a mollusk. (d) A central cord of the ovary of nematodes.

RHACHITIS Rha*chi"tis, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: See Rachitis.

RHADAMANTHINE Rhad`a*man"thine, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Rhadamanthus; rigorously just; as, a Rhadamanthine judgment.

RHADAMANTHUS; RHADAMANTHYS Rhad`a*man"thus, Rhad`a*man"thys, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Greek Mythol.)

Defn: One of the three judges of the internal regions; figuratively, a strictly just judge.

RHAETIAN Rhae"ti*an, a & n.

Defn: Rhetian.

RHAETIC; RHETIC Rhae"tic, Rhe"tic, a. Etym: [L. Rhaeticus Rhetian.] (Geol.)

Defn: Pertining to, or of the same horizon as, certain Mesozoic strata of the Rhetian Alps. These strata are regarded as closing the Triassic period. See the Chart of Geology.

RHAETIZITE; RHETIZITE Rhae"ti*zite, Rhe"ti*zite, n. Etym: [So called from L. Rhaetia, Raetia, the Rhetian Alps, where it is found.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of the mineral cyanite.

RHAMADAN Rham`a*dan", n.

Defn: See Ramadan.

RHAMNACEOUS Rham*na"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a natural order of shrubs and trees (Rhamnaceæ, or Rhamneæ) of which the buckthorn (Rhamnus) is the type. It includes also the New Jersey tea, the supple-jack, and one of the plants called lotus (Zizyphus).

RHAMNUS Rham"nus, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. rhamnos.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs and small trees; buckthorn. The California Rhamnus Purchianus and the European R. catharticus are used in medicine. The latter is used for hedges.

RHAMPHORHYNCHUS Rham`pho*rhyn"chus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of pterodactyls in which the elongated tail supported a leathery expansion at the tip.

RHAMPHOTHECA Rham`pho*the"ca, n.; pl. Rhamphothecæ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr (Zoöl.)

Defn: The horny covering of the bill of birds.

RHAPHE Rha"phe, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The continuation of the seed stalk along the side of an anatropous ovule or seed, forming a ridge or seam. [Written also raphe.] Gray.

RHAPHIDES Rhaph"i*des, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. raphides.] (Bot.)

Defn: Minute transparent, often needlle-shaped, crystals found in the tissues of plants. [Written also raphides.]

RHAPONTICINE Rha*pon"ti*cine (, n. Etym: [L. rhaponticum rhubarb. See Rhubarb.] (Chem.)

Defn: Chrysophanic acid.

RHAPSODE Rhap"sode, n. Etym: [Gr. Rhapsody.] (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A rhapsodist. [R.] Grote.

RHAPSODER Rhap"so*der, n.

Defn: A rhapsodist. [Obs.]

RHAPSODIC; RHAPSODIC Rhap*sod"ic, Rhap*sod"ic a. Etym: [Gr. rhapsodique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to rhapsody; consisting of rhapsody; hence, confused; unconnected. -- Rhap*sod"ic*al*ly, adv.

RHAPSODIST Rhap"so*dist, n. Etym: [From Rhapsody.]

1. Anciently, one who recited or composed a rhapsody; especially, one whose profession was to recite the verses of Hormer and other epic poets.

2. Hence, one who recites or sings poems for a livelihood; one who makes and repeats verses extempore. The same populace sit for hours listening to rhapsodists who recite Ariosto. Carlyle.

3. One who writes or speaks disconnectedly and with great excitement or affectation of feeling. I. Watts.

RHAPSODIZE Rhap"so*dize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rhapsodized; p. pr. & vb. n. Rhapsodizing.]

Defn: To utter as a rhapsody, or in the manner of a rhapsody Sterne.

RHAPSODIZE Rhap"so*dize, v. i.

Defn: To utter rhapsodies. Jefferson.

RHAPSODOMANCY Rhap"so*do*man`cy, n. Etym: [Rhapsody + -mancy.]

Defn: Divination by means of verses.

RHAPSODY Rhap"so*dy, n.; pl. Rhapsodies. Etym: [F. rhapsodie, L. rhapsodia, Gr. Ode.]

1. A recitation or song of a rhapsodist; a portion of an epic poem adapted for recitation, or usually recited, at one time; hence, a division of the Iliad or the Odyssey; -- called also a book.

2. A disconnected series of sentences or statements composed under excitement, and without dependence or natural connection; rambling composition. "A rhapsody of words." Shak. "A rhapsody of tales." Locke.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: A composition irregular in form, like an improvisation; as, Liszt's "Hungarian Rhapsodies."

RHATANY; RHATANHY Rhat"a*ny, Rhat"an*hy, n. Etym: [Sp. ratania, rataña, Peruv. rataña.]

Defn: The powerfully astringent root of a half-shrubby Peruvian plant (Krameria triandra). It is used in medicine and to color port wine. [Written also ratany.] Savanilla rhatany, the root of Krameria Ixina, a native of New Granada.

RHEA Rhe"a, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The ramie or grass-cloth plant. See Grass-cloth plant, under Grass.

RHEA Rhe"a, n. Etym: [L., a proper name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of three species of large South American ostrichlike birds of the genera Rhea and Pterocnemia. Called also the American ostrich.

Note: The common rhea, or nandou (Rhea Americana), ranges from Brazil to Patagonia. Darwin's rhea (Pterocnemia Darwinii), of Patagonia, is smaller, and has the legs feathered below the knee.

RHEAE Rhe"æ, n.pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A suborder of struthious birds including the rheas.

RHEEBOC Rhee"boc, n. Etym: [D. reebok roebuck.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The peele. [Written also reebok.]

RHEIC Rhe"ic, a. Etym: [NL. Rheum rhubarb, Gr. Rhubarb.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called chrysophanic acid) found in rhubarb (Rheum). [Obsoles.]

RHEIN Rhe"in, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Chrysophanic acid.

RHEINBERRY Rhein"ber*ry, n. Etym: [G. rheinbeere.] (Bot.)

Defn: One of the berries or drupes of the European buckthorn; also, the buckthorn itself.

RHEMATIC Rhe*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Rhetoric.] (Gram.)

Defn: Having a verb for its base; derived from a verb; as, rhematic adjectives. Ftzed. Hall.

RHEMATIC Rhe*mat"ic, n.

Defn: The doctrine of propositions or sentences. Coleridge.

RHEMISH Rhemish, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Rheimis, or Reima, in France. Rhemish Testament, the English version of the New Testament used by Roman Catholics. See Douay Bible.

RHENISH Rhen"ish, a. Etym: [L. Rhenus the Rhine. ]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the river Rhine; as, Rhenish wine. -- n.

Defn: Rhine wine.

RHEOCHORD Rhe"o*chord, n. Etym: [Gr. (Elec.)

Defn: A metallic wire used for regulating the resistance of a circuit, or varying the strength of an electric current, by inserting a greater or less length of it in the circuit.

RHEOCRAT Rhe"o*crat, n. [Gr. "rei^n to flow + kratei^n to rule.] (Elec.)

Defn: A kind of motor speed controller permitting of very gradual variation in speed and of reverse. It is especially suitable for use with motor driven machine tools.

RHEOMETER Rhe*om"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.] [Written also reometer.]

1. (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring currents, especially the force or intensity of electrical currents; a galvanometer.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the velocity of the blood current in the arteries.

RHEOMETRIC Rhe`o*met"ric, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a rheometer or rheometry. Lardner.

RHEOMETRY Rhe*om"e*try, n.

1. The measurement of the force or intensity of currents.

2. (Math.)

Defn: The calculus; fluxions. [R.]

RHEOMOTOR Rhe"o*mo`tor, n. Etym: [Gr.motor.] (Elec.)

Defn: Any apparatus by which an electrical current is originated. [R.]

RHEOPHORE Rhe"o*phore, n. Etym: [Gr. (Elec.) (a) A connecting wire of an electric or voltaic apparatus, traversed by a current. (b) One of the poles of a voltaic battery; an electrode.

RHEOSCOPE Rhe"o*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for detecting the presence or movement of currents, as of electricity.

RHEOSTAT Rhe"o*stat, n. Etym: [Gr. (Elec.)

Defn: A contrivance for adjusting or regulating the strength of electrical currents, operating usually by the intercalation of resistance which can be varied at will. Wheatstone. --Rhe`o*stat"ic, a.

RHEOTOME Rhe"o*tome, n. Etym: [Gr. (Elec.)

Defn: An instrument which periodically or otherwise interrupts an electric current. Wheatstone.

RHEOTROPE Rhe"o*trope, n. Etym: [Gr. (Elec.)

Defn: An instrument for reversing the direction of an electric current. [Written also reotrope.]

RHESUS Rhe"sus, n. Etym: [L. Rhesus, a proper name, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A monkey; the bhunder.

RHETIAN Rhe"ti*an, a. Etym: [L. Rhaetius, Raetius: cf. F. rhétien.]

Defn: Pertaining to the ancient Rhæti, or Rhætians, or to Rhætia, their country; as, the Rhetian Alps, now the country of Tyrol and the Grisons.

RHETIC Rhe"tic, a. (Min.)

Defn: Same as Rhætic.

RHETIZITE Rhe"ti*zite, n. (Min.)

Defn: Same as Rhætizite.

RHETOR Rhe"tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: A rhetorician. [Obs.] Hammond.

RHETORIC Rhet"o*ric, n. Etym: [F. rhétorique, L. rhetorica, Gr. word; cf.

1. The art of composition; especially, elegant composition in prose.

2. Oratory; the art of speaking with propriety, elegance, and force. Locke.

3. Hence, artificial eloquence; fine language or declamation without conviction or earnest feeling.

4. Fig. : The power of persuasion or attraction; that which allures or charms. Sweet, silent rhetoric of persuading eyes. Daniel.

RHETORICAL Rhe*tor"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. rhetoricus, Gr. Rhetoric.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to rhetoric; according to, or exhibiting, rhetoric; oratorical; as, the rhetorical art; a rhetorical treatise; a rhetorical flourish. They permit him to leave their poetical taste ungratified, provided that he gratifies their rhetorical sense. M. Arnold. -- Rhe*tor"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Rhe*tor"ic*al*ness, n.

RHETORICATE Rhe*tor"i*cate, v. i. Etym: [L. rhetoricari. See Rhetoric.]

Defn: To play the orator. [Obs.] South.

RHETORICATION Rhe*tor`i*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. rhétorication.]

Defn: Rhetorical amplification. [Obs.] Waterland.

RHETORICIAN Rhet`o*ri"cian, n. Etym: [Cf. F. rhétoricien.]

1. One well versed in the rules and principles of rhetoric. The understanding is that by which a man becomes a mere logician and a mere rhetorician. F. W. Robertson.

2. A teacher of rhetoric. The ancient sophists and rhetoricians, which ever had young auditors, lived till they were an hundred years old. Bacon.

3. An orator; specifically, an artificial orator without genuine eloquence; a declaimer. Macaulay.

RHETORICIAN Rhet`o*ri"cian, a.

Defn: Suitable to a master of rhetoric. "With rhetorician pride." Blackmore.

RHETORIZE Rhet"o*rize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rhetorized; p. pr. & vb. n. Rhetorizing.]

Defn: To play the orator. Colgrave.

RHETORIZE Rhet"o*rize, v. t.

Defn: To represent by a figure of rhetoric, or by personification. Milton.

RHEUM Rhe"um, n. Etym: [NL., from L. Rha the river Volga, on the banks of which it grows. See Rhubarb.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants. See Rhubarb.

RHEUM Rheum, n. Etym: [OF. reume, rheume, F. rhume a cold,, L. rheuma rheum, from Gr. stream. See Stream, n., and cf. Hemorrhoids.] (Med.)

Defn: A serous or mucous discharge, especially one from the eves or nose. I have a rheum in mine eyes too. Shak. Salt rheum. (Med.) See Salt rheum, in the Vocab.

RHEUMATIC Rheu*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. rheumaticus, F. rhumatique. See Rheum, Rheumatism.]

1. Derived from, or having the character of, rheum; rheumic. [Obs.]

2. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to rheumatism; as, rheumatic pains or affections; affected with rheumatism; as, a rheumatic old man; causing rheumatism; as, a rheumatic day. That rheumatic diseases do abound. Shak.

RHEUMATIC Rheu*mat"ic, n.

Defn: One affected with rheumatism.

RHEUMATISM Rheu"ma*tism, n. Etym: [L. rheumatismus rheum, Gr. rheumatisme. See 2d Rheum.] (Med.)

Defn: A general disease characterized by painful, often multiple, local inflammations, usually affecting the joints and muscles, but also extending sometimes to the deeper organs, as the heart. Inflammatory rheumatism (Med.), acute rheumatism attended with fever, and attacking usually the larger joints, which become swollen, hot, and very painful. -- Rheumatism root. (Bot.) See Twinleaf.

RHEUMATISMAL Rheu`ma*tis"mal, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to rheumatism.

RHEUMATISMOID Rheu`ma*tis"moid, a. Etym: [Rheumatism + -oid.] (Med.)

Defn: Of or resembling rheum or rheumatism.

RHEUMIC Rheum"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or characterized by, rheum. Rheumic diathesis. See Dartrous diathesis, under Dartrous.

RHEUMIDES Rheu"mi*des, n.pl. Etym: [NL. See Rheum.] (Med.)

Defn: The class of skin disease developed by the dartrous diathesis. See under Dartrous.

RHEUMY Rheum"y, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to rheum; abounding in, or causing, rheum; affected with rheum. His head and rheumy eyes distill in showers. Dryden. And tempt the rheumy and unpurged air To add unto his sickness. Shak.

RHIGOLENE Rhig"o*lene, n. Etym: [Gr. oleum oil.] (Chem.)

Defn: A mixture of volatile hydrocarbons intermediate between gsolene and cymogene. It is obtained in the purification of crude petroleum, and is used as a refregerant.

RHIME Rhime, n.

Defn: See Rhyme. [Obs.]

RHINAL Rhi"nal, a. Etym: [Gr (Anat.)

Defn: Og or pertaining to the nose or olfactory organs.

RHINASTER Rhi*nas"ter, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The borele.

RHINE Rhine, n. Etym: [AS. ryne. See Run.]

Defn: A water course; a ditch. [Written also rean.] [Prov. Eng.] Macaulay.

RHINENCEPHALIC Rhi`nen*ce*phal"ic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the rhinencephalon.

RHINENCEPHALON Rhi`nen*ceph"a*lon, n.; pl. Rhinencephala. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The division of the brain in front of the prosencephalon, consisting of the two olfactory lobes from which the olfactory nerves arise.

Note: The term is sometimes used for one of the olfactory lobes, the plural being used for the two taken together.

RHINESTONE Rhine"stone`, n. Etym: [Cf. G. rheinkiesel Rhine quartz.]

Defn: A colorless stone of high luster, made of paste. It is much used as an inexpensive ornament.

RHINITIS Rhi*ni"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Infllammation of the nose; esp., inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nostrils.

RHINO Rhi*no, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: Gold and silver, or money. [Cant] W. Wagstaffe. As long as the rhino lasted. Marryat.

RHINO- Rhi"no-.

Defn: A combining form from Greek the nose, as in rhinolith, rhinology.

RHINOCERIAL; RHINOCERICAL Rhi`no*ce"ri*al, Rhi`no*cer"ic*al, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the rhinoceros; resembling the rhinoceros, or his horn. Tatler.

RHINOCEROS Rhi*noc"e*ros, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. rhinocéros. See Horn.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any pachyderm belonging to the genera Rhinoceros, Atelodus, and several allied genera of the family Rhinocerotidæ, of which several living, and many extinct, species are known. They are large and powerful, and usually have either one or two stout conical median horns on the snout.

Note: The Indian, or white, and the Javan rhinoceroses (Rhinoceros Indicus and R. Sondaicus) have incisor and canine teeth, but only one horn, and the very thick skin forms shieldlike folds. The two or three African species belong to Atelodus, and have two horns, but lack the dermal folds, and the incisor and canine teeth. The two Malay, or East Indian, two-horned species belong to Ceratohinus, in which incisor and canine teeth are present. See Borele, and Keitloa. Rhinoceros auk (Zoöl.), an auk of the North Pacific (Cerorhina monocrata) which has a deciduous horn on top of the bill. -- Rhinoceros beetle (Zoöl.), a very large beetle of the genus Dynastes, having a horn on the head. -- Rhinoceros bird. (Zoöl.) (a) A large hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros), native of the East Indies. It has a large hollow hornlike process on the bill. Called also rhinoceros hornbill. See Hornbill. (b) An African beefeater (Buphaga Africana). It alights on the back of the rhinoceros in search of parasitic insects.

RHINOCEROTE Rhi*noc"e*rote, n.

Defn: A rhinoceros. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

RHINOCEROTIC Rhi*noc`e*rot"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the rhinoceros. [R.]

RHINOLITE; RHINOLITH Rhi"no*lite Rhi"no*lith, n. Etym: [Rhino- + -lite, -lith.] (Med.)

Defn: A concretion formed within the cavities of the nose.

RHINOLOGICAL Rhi`no*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to rhinology.

RHINOLOGIST Rhi*nol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One skilled in rhinology.

RHINOLOGY Rhi*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Rhino- + -logy.]

Defn: The science which treats of the nose, and its diseases.

RHINOLOPHID Rhi*nol"o*phid, n. Etym: [Rhino- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of the genus Rhinilophus, or family Rhinolophidæ, having a horseshoe-shaped nasal crest; a horseshoe bat.

RHINOLOPHINE Rhi*nol"o*phine, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the rhinolophids, or horseshoe bats.

RHINOPHORE Rhi"no*phore, n. Etym: [Rhino- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the two tentacle-like organs on the back of the head or neck of a nudibranch or tectibranch mollusk. They are usually retractile, and often transversely furrowed or plicate, and are regarded as olfactory organs. Called also dorsal tentacles. See Illust. under Pygobranchia, and Opisthobranchia.

RHINOPLASTIC Rhi`no*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Rhino- + -plastic: cf. F. rhinoplastique.] (Surg.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to rhinoplasty; as, a rhinoplastic operation.

RHINOPLASTY Rhi"no*plas`ty, n. Etym: [Rhino- + -plasty: cf. F. rhinoplastie.]

Defn: Plastic surgery of the nose to correct deformity or to replace lost tissue. Tissue may be transplanted from the patient's cheek, forehead, arm, etc., or even from another person.

RHINOPOME Rhi"no*pome, n. Etym: [Rhino- + Gr. pw^ma a lid. ] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any old-world bat of the genus Rhinopoma. The rhinopomes have a long tail extending beyond the web, and inhabit caves and tombs.

RHINOSCLEROMA Rhi`no*scle*ro"ma, n. Etym: [Rhino- + scleroma.] (Med.)

Defn: A rare disease of the skin, characterized by the development of very hard, more or less flattened, prominences, appearing first upon the nose and subsequently upon the neighboring parts, esp. the lips, palate, and throat. J. V. Shoemaker.

RHINOSCOPE Rhi"no*scope, n. Etym: [Rhino- + -scope.]

Defn: A small mirror for use in rhinoscopy.

RHINOSCOPIC Rhi`no*scop"ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to rhinoscopy.

RHINOSCOPY Rhi*nos"co*py, n. Etym: [Rhino- + -scopy.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The examination or study of the soft palate, posterior nares, etc., by means of a laryngoscopic mirror introduced into the pharynx.

RHINOTHECA Rhi`no*the"ca, n.; pl. Rhinothecæ. Etym: [NL., from gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The sheath of the upper mandible of a bird.

RHIPIDOGLOSSA Rhi*pi`do*glos"sa, n.pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of gastropod mollusks having a large number of long, divergent, hooklike, lingual teeth in each transverse row. It includes the scutibranchs. See Illustration in Appendix.

RHIPIPTER Rhi*pip"ter, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Rhipiptera, a group of insects having wings which fold like a fan; a strepsipter.

RHIPIPTERAN Rhi*pip"ter*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Rhipipter.

RHIZANTHOUS Rhi*zan"thous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Producing flowers from a rootstock, or apparently from a root.

RHIZINE Rhi"zine, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A rootlike filament or hair growing from the stems of mosses or on lichens; a rhizoid.

RHIZOCARPOUS Rhi`zo*car"pous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having perennial rootstocks or bulbs, but annual flowering stems; -- said of all perennial herbs.

RHIZOCEPHALA Rhi`zo*ceph"a*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Pectostraca including saclike parasites of Crustacea. They adhere by rootlike extensions of the head. See Illusration in Appendix.

RHIZODONT Rhiz"o*dont, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A reptile whose teeth are rooted in sockets, as the crocodile.

RHIZOGAN Rhiz"o*gan, a. Etym: [Gr. -gen: cf. F. rhizogène.] (Bot.)

Defn: Prodicing roots.

RHIZOGEN Rhiz"o*gen, n. (Bot.)

Defn: One of a proposed class of flowering plants growning on the roots of other plants and destitute of green foliage.

RHIZOID Rhi"zoid, n. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Bot.)

Defn: A rootlike appendage.

RHIZOMA Rhi*zo"ma, n.; pl. Rhizomata. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)

Defn: SAme as Rhizome.

RHIZOMATOUS Rhi*zo"ma*tous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the nature or habit of a rhizome or rootstock.

RHIZOME Rhi*zome", n. Etym: [Gr. rhizome.] (Bot.)

Defn: A rootstock. See Rootstock.

RHIZOPHAGA Rhi*zoph"a*ga, n.pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of marsupials. The wombat is the type.

RHIZOPHAGOUS Rhi*zoph"a*gous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Feeding on roots; root-eating.

RHIZOPHORA Rhi*zoph"o*ra, n. Etym: [NL. See Rhizophorous.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of trees including the mangrove. See Mangrove.

RHIZOPHOROUS Rhi*zoph"o*rous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing roots.

RHIZOPOD Rhiz"o*pod, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Rhizopoda.

Note: The rhizopods belonging to the Radiolaria and Foraminifera have been of great geological importance, especially in the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods. Chalk is mostly made from the shells of Foraminifera. The nummulites are the principal ingredient of a limestone which is of great extent in Europe and Asia, and is the material of which some of the pyramids of Egypt are made. The shells are abundant in deepsea mud, and are mostly minute, seldom larger than a small grain of sand, except in the case of the nummulities, which are sometimes an inch in diameter.

RHIZOPODA Rhi*zop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive class of Protozoa, including those which have pseudopodia, by means of which they move about and take their food. The principal groups are Lobosa (or Amoebea), Helizoa, Radiolaria, and Foraminifera (or Reticularia). See Protozoa.

RHIZOPODOUS Rhi*zop"o*dous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the rhizopods.

RHIZOSTOMATA Rhi`zo*stom"a*ta, n.pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A suborder of Medusæ which includes very large species without marginal tentacles, but having large mouth lobes closely united at the edges. See Illust. in Appendix.

RHIZOSTOME Rhiz"o*stome, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Rhizostomata.

RHIZOTAXIS Rhi`zo*tax"is, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The arrangement of the roots of plants.

RHOB Rhob, n.

Defn: See 1st Rob.

RHODAMMONIUM Rho`dam*mo"ni*um, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, rhodium and ammonia; -- said of certain complex compounds.

RHODANATE Rho"da*nate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of rhodanic acid; a sulphocyanate. [Obsoles.]

RHODANIC Rho*dan"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called sulphocyanic acid) which frms a red color with ferric salts. [Obsoles.]

RHODEORETIN Rho`de*o*re"tin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Convolvuln.

RHODIAN Rho"di*an, a. Etym: [L. Rhodius: cf. F. rhodien.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Rhodes, an island of the Mediterranean. -- n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Rhodes.

RHODIC Rho"dic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to rhodium; containing rhodium.

RHODIUM Rho"di*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "ro`don the rose. So called from the rose-red color of certain of its solutions. See Rhododendron.] (Chem.)

Defn: A rare element of the light platinum group. It is found in platinum ores, and obtained free as a white inert metal which it is very difficult to fuse. Symbol Rh. Atomic weight 104.1. Specific gravity 12.

RHODIZONIC Rho`di*zon"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a colorless crystalline substance (called rhodizonic acid, and carboxylic acid) obtained from potassium carboxide and from certain quinones. It forms brilliant red, yellow, and purple salts.

RHODOCHROSITE Rho`do*chro"site, n. Etym: [Gr. "ro`don the rose + (Min.)

Defn: Manganese carbonate, a rose-red mineral sometimes occuring crystallized, but generally massive with rhombohedral cleavage like calcite; -- called also dialogite.

RHODOCRINITE Rho*doc"ri*nite, n. Etym: [Gr. "ro`don rose + (Paleon.)

Defn: A rose encrinite.

RHODODENDRON Rho`do*den"dron, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. "rodo`dendron, literally, rose tree; "ro`don rose + de`ndron tree. See Rose.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs or small trees, often having handsome evergreen leaves, and remarkable for the beauty of their flowers; rosebay.

RHODOMONTADE Rhod`o*mon*tade", n.

Defn: See Rodomontade.

RHODOMONTADER Rhod`o*mon*tad"er, n.

Defn: See Rodomontador.

RHODONITE Rho"don*ite, n. Etym: [Gr. "ro`don the rose. ] (Min.)

Defn: Manganese spar, or silicate of manganese, a mineral occuring crystallised and in rose-red masses. It is often used as an ornamental stone.

RHODOPHANE Rho"do*phane, n. Etym: [Gr. "ro`don the rose + (Physiol.)

Defn: The red pigment contained in the inner segments of the cones of the retina in animals. See Chromophane. W. KÜhne.

RHODOPSIN Rho*dop"sin, n. Etym: [Gr. "ro`don rose + "w`ps eye.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The visual purple. See under Visual.

RHODOSPERM Rho"do*sperm, n. Etym: [Gr. "ro`don the rose + spe`rma a seed.] (Bot.)

Defn: Any seaweed with red spores.

Note: As the name of a subclass, Rhodosperms, or Rhodospermeæ, is synonymous with Florideæ (which see.)

RHOMB Rhomb, n. Etym: [L. rhombus, Gr. wrench: cf. F. rhombe. Cf. Rhombus, Rhumb.]

1. (Geom.)

Defn: An equilateral parallelogram, or quadrilateral figure whose sides are equal and the opposite sides parallel. The angles may be unequal, two being obtuse and two acute, as in the cut, or the angles may be equal, in which case it is usually called a square.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: A rhombohedron. Fresnel's rhomb (Opt.), a rhomb or oblique parallelopiped of crown or St. Gobain glass so cut that a ray of light entering one of its faces at right angles shall emerge at right angles at the opposite face, after undergoing within the rhomb, at other faces, two reflections. It is used to produce a ray circularly polarized from a plane-polarized ray, or the reverse. Nichol.

RHOMBIC Rhom"bic, a.

1. Shaped like a rhomb.

2. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Same as Orthorhombic.

RHOMBOGANOID Rhom`bo*ga"noid, n. Etym: [Rhomb + ganoid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A ganoid fish having rhombic enameled scales; one of the Rhomboganoidei.

RHOMBOGANOIDEI Rhom`bo*ga*noi"de*i, n.pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Ginglymodi.

RHOMBOGENE Rhom"bo*gene, n. Etym: [Rhomb + root of Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A dicyemid which produces infusorialike embryos; -- opposed to nematogene. See Dicyemata. [Written also rhombogen.]

RHOMBOHEDRAL Rhom`bo*he"dral, a. (Geom. & Crystallog.)

Defn: Related to the rhombohedron; presenting the form of a rhombohedron, or a form derivable from a rhombohedron; relating to a system of forms including the rhombohedron and scalenohedron. Rhombohedral iron ore (Min.) See Hematite. -- Rhombohedral system (Crystallog.), a division of the hexagonal system embracing the rhombohedron, scalenohedron, etc.

RHOMBOHEDRIC Rhom`bo*hed"ric, a. (Geom. & Crystallog.)

Defn: Rhombohedral.

RHOMBOHEDRON Rhom`bo*he"dron, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Geom. & Crystallog.)

Defn: A solid contained by six rhomboids; a parallelopiped.

RHOMBOID Rhom"boid, n. Etym: [Gr. rhomboïde.] (Geom.)

Defn: An oblique-angled parallelogram like a rhomb, but having only the opposite sides equal, the length and with being different.

RHOMBOID Rhom"boid, a.

Defn: Same as Rhomboidal.

RHOMBOIDAL Rhom*boid"al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. rhomboïdal.]

Defn: Having, or approaching, the shape of a rhomboid.

RHOMBOIDES Rhom*boid"es, n.

Defn: A rhomboid. [R.] Milton.

RHOMBOID-OVATE Rhom`boid-o"vate, a.

Defn: Between rhomboid and ovate, or oval, in shape.

RHOMB SPAR Rhomb" spar`. (Min.)

Defn: A variety of dolomite.

RHOMBUS Rhom"bus, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Same as Rhomb, 1.

RHONCHAL Rhon`chal, a. (Med.)

Defn: Rhonchial.

RHONCHIAL Rhon"chi*al, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a rhonchus; produced by rhonchi. Rhonchial fremitus. Etym: [L. fremitus a dull roaring or murmuring.] (Med.) A vibration of the chest wall that may be felt by the hand laid upon its surface. It is caused in the production of rhonchi in the bronchial tubes.

RHONCHISONANT Rhon*chis"o*nant, a. Etym: [L. rhonchus a snoring + sonans, p. pr. of sonare to sound.]

Defn: Making a snorting noise; snorting. [R.]

RHONCHUS Rhon"chus, n.; pl. Rhonchi. Etym: [L., a snoring, a croaking.] (Med.)

Defn: An adventitious whistling or snoring sound heard on auscultation of the chest when the air channels are partially obstructed. By some writers the term rhonchus is used as equivalent to râle in its widest sense. See Râle.

RHOPALIC Rho*pal"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. rhopalique.] (Pros.)

Defn: Applied to a line or verse in which each successive word has one more syllable than the preceding.

RHOPALIUM Rho*pa"li*um, n.; pl. Rhopalia. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the marginal sensory bodies of medusæ belonging to the Discophora.

RHOPALOCERA Rhop`a*loc"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Lepidoptera including all the butterflies. They differ from other Lepidoptera in having club-shaped antennæ.

RHOTACISM Rho"ta*cism, n. Etym: [Gr. "rwtaki`zein to use the letter r (r) overmuch: cf. F. rhotacisme.]

Defn: An oversounding, or a misuse, of the letter r; specifically (Phylol.), the tendency, exhibited in the Indo-European languages, to change s to r, as wese to were.

RHUBARB Rhu"barb, n. Etym: [F. rhubarbe, OF. rubarbe, rheubarbe, reubarbare, reobarbe, LL. rheubarbarum for rheum barbarum, Gr. Rha (the Volga) on whose banks it grew. Originally, therefore, it was the barbarian plant from the Rha. Cf. Barbarous, Rhaponticine.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The name of several large perennial herbs of the genus Rheum and order Polygonaceæ.

2. The large and fleshy leafstalks of Rheum Rhaponticum and other species of the same genus. They are pleasantly acid, and are used in cookery. Called also pieplant.

3. (Med.)

Defn: The root of several species of Rheum, used much as a cathartic medicine. Monk's rhubarb. (Bot.) See under Monk. -- Turkey rhubarb (Med.), the roots of Rheum Emodi.

RHUBARBY Rhu"barb*y, a.

Defn: Like rhubarb.

RHUMB Rhumb, n. Etym: [F. rumb, Sp. rumbo, or Pg. rumbo, rumo, probably fr. Gr. Rhomb.] (Navigation)

Defn: A line which crosses successive meridians at a constant angle; -- called also rhumb line, and loxodromic curve. See Loxodromic. To sail on a rhumb, to sail continuously on one course, following a rhumb line.

RHUS Rhus, n. Etym: [L., sumac, fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs and small treets. See Sumac.

RHUSMA Rhus"ma, n. Etym: [See Rusma.]

Defn: A mixtire of caustic lime and orpiment, or tersulphide of arsenic, -- used in the depilation of hides. Knight.

RHYME Rhyme, n. Etym: [OE. ryme, rime, AS. rim number; akin to OHG. rim number, succession, series, G. reim rhyme. The modern sense is due to the influence of F. rime, which is of German origin, and originally the same word.] [The Old English spelling rime is becoming again common. See Note under Prime.]

1. An expression of thought in numbers, measure, or verse; a composition in verse; a rhymed tale; poetry; harmony of language. "Railing rhymes." Daniel. A ryme I learned long ago. Chaucer. He knew Himself to sing, and build the lofty rime. Milton.

2. (Pros.)

Defn: Correspondence of sound in the terminating words or syllables of two or more verses, one succeeding another immediately or at no great distance. The words or syllables so used must not begin with the same consonant, or if one begins with a vowel the other must begin with a consonant. The vowel sounds and accents must be the same, as also the sounds of the final consonants if there be any. For rhyme with reason may dispense, And sound has right to govern sense. Prior.

3. Verses, usually two, having this correspondence with each other; a couplet; a poem containing rhymes.

4. A word answering in sound to another word. Female rhyme. See under Female. -- Male rhyme. See under Male. -- Rhyme or reason, sound or sense. -- Rhyme royal (Pros.), a stanza of seven decasyllabic verses, of which the first and third, the second, fourth, and fifth, and the sixth and seventh rhyme.

RHYME Rhyme, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rhymed;p. pr. & vb. n. Rhyming.] Etym: [OE. rimen, rymen, AS. riman to count: cf. F. rimer to rhyme. See Rhyme, n.]

1. To make rhymes, or verses. "Thou shalt no longer ryme." Chaucer. There marched the bard and blockhead, side by side, Who rhymed for hire, and patronized for pride. Pope.

2. To accord in rhyme or sound. And, if they rhymed and rattled, all was well. Dryden.

RHYME Rhyme, v. t.

1. To put into rhyme. Sir T. Wilson.

2. To influence by rhyme. Hearken to a verser, who may chance Rhyme thee to good. Herbert.

RHYMELESS Rhyme"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of rhyme. Bp. Hall.

RHYMER Rhym"er, n.

Defn: One who makes rhymes; a versifier; -- generally in contempt; a poor poet; a poetaster. This would make them soon perceive what despicaple creatures our common rhymers and playwriters be. Milton.

RHYMERY Rhym"er*y, n.

Defn: The art or habit of making rhymes; rhyming; -- in contempt.

RHYMESTER Rhyme"ster, n.

Defn: A rhymer; a maker of poor poetry. Bp. Hall. Byron.

RHYMIC Rhym"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to rhyme.

RHYMIST Rhym"ist, n.

Defn: A rhymer; a rhymester. Johnston.

RHYNCHOBDELLEA Rhyn`chob*del"le*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A suborder of leeches including those that have a protractile proboscis, without jaws. Clepsine is the type.

RHYNCHOCEPHALA Rhyn`cho*ceph"a*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of reptiles having biconcave vertebræ, immovable quadrate bones, and many other peculiar osteological characters. Hatteria is the only living genus, but numerous fossil genera are known, some of which are among the earliest of reptiles. See Hatteria. Called also Rhynchocephalia.

RHYNCHOCOELA Rhyn`cho*coe"la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Nemertina. -- Rhyn`cho*coe"lous, a.

RHYNCHOLITE Rhyn"cho*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lie: cf. F. rhyncholithe.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil cephalopod beak.

RHYNCHONELLA Rhyn`cho*nel"la, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of brachiopods of which some species are still living, while many are found fossil.

RHYNCHOPHORA Rhyn*choph"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)