Chapter LI: Bella (13)

2. Characterized or caused by evil intentions; pernicious. "Malignant care." Macaulay. Some malignant power upon my life. Shak. Something deleterious and malignant as his touch. Hawthorne.

3. (Med.)

Defn: Tending to produce death; threatening a fatal issue; virulent; as, malignant diphtheria. Malignant pustule (Med.), a very contagious disease, transmitted to man from animals, characterized by the formation, at the point of reception of the virus, of a vesicle or pustule which first enlarges and then breaks down into an unhealthy ulcer. It is marked by profound exhaustion and usually fatal. Called also charbon, and sometimes, improperly, anthrax.

MALIGNANT Ma*lig"nant, n.

1. A man of extrems enmity or evil intentions. Hooker.

2. (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: One of the adherents of Charles L. or Charles LL.; -- so called by the opposite party.

MALIGNANTLY Ma*lig"nant*ly, adv.

Defn: In a malignant manner.

MALIGNER Ma*lign"er, n.

Defn: One who maligns.

MALIGNIFY Ma*lig"ni*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malignified; p. pr. & vb. n. Malignifying.] Etym: [L. malignus malign + -fy.]

Defn: To make malign or malignant. [R.] "A strong faith malignified." Southey.

MALIGNITY Ma*lig"ni*ty, n. Etym: [F. malignité, L. malignitas.]

1. The state or quality of being malignant; disposition to do evil; virulent enmity; malignancy; malice; spite.

2. Virulence; deadly quality. His physicians discerned an invincible malignity in his disease. Hayward.

3. Extreme evilness of nature or influence; perniciousness; heinousness; as, the malignity of fraud. [R.]

Syn. -- See Malice.

MALIGNLY Ma*lign"ly, adv.

Defn: In a malign manner; with malignity.

MALINGER Ma*lin"ger, v. i. [imp. & p. p. MAlingered; p. pr. & vb. n. Malingering.]

Defn: To act the part of a malingerer; to feign illness or inability.

MALINGERER Ma*lin"ger*er, n. Etym: [F. malingre sickly, weakly, prob. from mal ill + OF. heingre, haingre, thin, lean, infirm, fr. L. aeger.]

Defn: In the army, a soldier who feigns himself sick, or who induces or protracts an illness, in order to avoid doing his duty; hence, in general, one who shirks his duty by pretending illness or inability.

MALINGERY Ma*lin"ger*y, n.

Defn: The spirit or practices of a malingerer; malingering.

MALISON Mal"i*son, n. Etym: [OF. maleicon, L. maledictio. See Malediction, and cf. Benison.]

Defn: Malediction; curse; execration. [Poetic] God's malison on his head who this gainsays. Sir W. Scott.

MALKIN Mal"kin, n. Etym: [Dim. of Maud, the proper name. Cf. Grimalkin.] [Written also maukin.]

1. Originally, a kitchenmaid; a slattern. Chaucer.

2. A mop made of clouts, used by the kitchen servant.

3. A scarecrow.[Prov. Eng.]

4. (Mil.)

Defn: A mop or sponge attached to a jointed staff for swabbing out a cannon.

MALL Mall, n. [Written also maul.] Etym: [OE. malle, F. mail, L. malleus. Cf. Malleus.]

1. A large heavy wooden beetle; a mallet for driving anything with force; a maul. Addison.

2. A heavy blow. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. An old game played with malls or mallets and balls. See Pall-mall. Cotton.

4. A place where the game of mall was played. Hence: A public walk; a level shaded walk. Part of the area was laid out in gravel walks, and planted with elms; and these convenient and frequented walks obtained the name of the City Mall. Southey.

MALL Mall, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malled; p. pr. & vb. n. Malling.] Etym: [Cf. OF. mailler. See Mall beetle, and cf. Malleate.]

Defn: To beat with a mall; to beat with something heavy; to bruise; to maul.

MALL Mall, n. Etym: [LL. mallum a public assembly; cf. OHG. mahal assembly, transaction; akin to AS. mæ, me, assembly, m to speak, Goth. mapl market place.]

Defn: Formerly, among Teutonic nations, a meeting of the notables of a state for the transaction of public business, such meeting being a modification of the ancient popular assembly. Hence: (a) A court of justice. (b) A place where justice is administered. (c) A place where public meetings are held. Councils, which had been as frequent as diets or malls, ceased. Milman.

MALLARD Mal"lard, n. Etym: [F. malari,fr. mâle male + -art =-ard. See Male, a., and -ard.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A drake; the male of Anas boschas.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large wild duck (Anas boschas) inhabiting both America and Europe. The domestic duck has descended from this species. Called also greenhead.

MALLEABILITY Mal"le*a*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [CF. F. malléabilité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being malleable; -- opposed to friability and brittleness. Locke.

MALLEABLE Mal"le*a*ble, a. Etym: [F. malléable, fr. LL. malleare to hammer. See Malleate.]

Defn: Capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer, or by the pressure of rollers; -- applied to metals. Malleable iron, iron that is capable of extension or of being shaped under the hammer; decarbonized cast iron. See under Iron. -- Malleable iron castings, articles cast from pig iron and made malleable by heating then for several days in the presence of some substance, as hematite, which deprives the cast iron of some of its carbon.

MALLEABLEIZE Mal"le*a*ble*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make malleable.

MALLEABLENESS Mal"le*a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being malleable.

MALLEAL Mal"le*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the malleus.

MALLEATE Mal"le*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malleated; p. pr. & vb. n. Malleating.] Etym: [L. malleatus hammered, fr. malleus a hammer. See Mall, v. t.]

Defn: To hammer; to beat into a plate or leaf.

MALLEATION Mal`le*a"tion, n. Etym: [LL. malleatio: cf. OF. malléation.]

Defn: The act or process of beating into a plate, sheet, or leaf, as a metal; extension by beating.

MALLECHO Mal"le*cho, n.

Defn: Same as Malicho.

MALLEE BIRD Mal*lee" bird`. (Zoöl.) Etym: [From native name.]

Defn: The leipoa. See Leipoa.

MALLEMOCK; MALLEMOKE Mal"le*mock, Mal"le*moke, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Mollemoke.

MALLENDERS Mal"len*ders, n. pl. (Far.)

Defn: Same as Malanders.

MALLEOLAR Mal*le"o*lar, a. Etym: [See Malleolus.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the malleolus; in the region of the malleoli of the ankle joint.

MALLEOLUS Mal*le"*o*lus, n.; pl. Malleoli. Etym: [L., dim. of malleus hammer.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A projection at the distal end of each bone of the leg at the ankle joint. The malleolus of the tibia is the internal projection, that of the fibula the external.

2. " A layer, " a shoot partly buried in the ground, and there cut halfway through.

MALLET Mal"let, n. Etym: [F. maillet, dim. of mail. See Mall a beetle.]

Defn: A small maul with a short handle, -- used esp. for driving a tool, as a chisel or the like; also, a light beetle with a long handle, -- used in playing croquet.

MALLEUS Mal"le*us, n.; pl. Mallei. Etym: [L., hammer. See Mall a beetle.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The outermost of the three small auditory bones, ossicles; the hammer. It is attached to the tympanic membrane by a long process, the handle or manubrium. See Illust. of Far.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the hard lateral pieces of the mastax of Rotifera. See Mastax.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of bivalve shells; the hammer shell.

MALLOPHAGA Mal*loph"a*ga, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive group of insects which are parasitic on birds and mammals, and feed on the feathers and hair; -- called also bird lice. See Bird louse, under Bird.

MALLOTUS Mal*lo"tus, n. Etym: [NL., fr Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of small Arctic fishes. One American species, the capelin (Mallotus villosus), is extensively used as bait for cod.

MALLOW; MALLOWS Mal"low, Mal"lows, n. Etym: [OE. malwe, AS. mealwe, fr. L. malva, akin to Gr. mala`chh; cf. mala`ssein to soften, malako`s soft. Named either from its softening or relaxing properties, or from its soft downy leaves. Cf. Mauve, Malachite.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants (Malva) having mucilaginous qualities. See Malvaceous.

Note: The flowers of the common mallow (M. sylvestris) are used in medicine. The dwarf mallow (M. rotundifolia) is a common weed, and its flattened, dick-shaped fruits are called cheeses by children. Tree mallow (M. Mauritiana and Lavatera arborea), musk mallow (M. moschata), rose mallow or hollyhock, and curled mallow (M. crispa), are less commonly seen. Indian mallow. See Abutilon. -- Jew's mallow, a plant (Corchorus olitorius) used as a pot herb by the Jews of Egypt and Syria. -- Marsh mallow. See under Marsh.

MALLOWWORT Mal"low*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Any plant of the order Malvaceæ.

MALM; MALMBRICK Malm, Malm"brick`, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. mealm sand.]

Defn: A kind of brick of a light brown or yellowish color, made of sand, clay, and chalk.

MALMA Mal"ma, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A spotted trout (Salvelinus malma), inhabiting Northern America, west of the Rocky Mountains; -- called also Dolly Varden trout, bull trout, red-spotted trout, and golet.

MALMAG Mal"mag, n. Etym: [F., from native name in Madagascar.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The tarsius, or spectral lemur.

MALMSEY Malm"sey, n. Etym: [OE. malvesie, F. malvoisie, It. malvasia, malavagia, fr. Malvasia, or Napoli di Malvasia, in the Morea.]

Defn: A kind of sweet wine from Crete, the Canary Islands, etc. Shak.

MALNUTRITION Mal`nu*tri"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + nutrition.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Faulty or imperfect nutrition.

MALOBSERVATION Mal*ob`ser*va"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + observation.]

Defn: Erroneous observation. J. S Mill.

MALODOR Mal*o"dor, n.

Defn: An Offensive to the sense of smell; ill-smelling. -- Mal*o"dor*ous*ness. n. Carlyle.

MALODOROUS Mal*o"dor*ous, a.

Defn: Offensive to the sense of smell; ill-smelling. -- Mal*o"dor*ous*ness. n. Carlyle. [1913 Webster]

MALONATE Mal"o*nate, a. (Chem.)

Defn: At salt of malonic acid.

MALONIC Ma*lon"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid produced artifically as a white crystalline substance, CH2.(CO2H)2, and so called because obtained by the oxidation of malic acid.

MALONYL Mal"o*nyl, n. Etym: [Malonic + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon radical, CH2.(CO)2, from malonic acid.

MALPAIS Mal"pais`, n. [Cf. Sp. mal, malo, bad, and país country.] (Geol.)

Defn: The rough surface of a congealed lava stream. [Southwestern U. S.]

MALPIGHIA Mal*pi"ghi*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Malpighian.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of tropical American shrubs with opposite leaves and small white or reddish flowers. The drupes of Malpighia urens are eaten under the name of Barbadoes cherries.

MALPIGHIACEOUS Mal*pi`ghi*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of tropical trees and shrubs (Malpighiaceæ), some of them climbing plants, and their stems forming many of the curious lianes of South American forests.

MALPIGHIAN Mal*pi"ghi*an, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Marcello Malpighi, an Italian anatomist of the 17th century. Malhighian capsules or corpuscles, the globular dilatations, containing the glomeruli or Malpighian tufts, at the extremities of the urinary tubules of the kidney. Malpighian corpuscles of the spleen, masses of adenoid tissue connected with branches of the splenic artery.

MALPOSITION Mal`po*si"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + position.]

Defn: A wrong position.

MALPRACTICE Mal*prac"tice, n. Etym: [Mal- + practice.]

Defn: Evil practice; illegal or immoral conduct; practice contrary to established rules; specifically, the treatment of a case by a surgeon or physician in a manner which is contrary to accepted rules and productive of unfavorable results. [Written also malepractice.]

MALT Malt, n. Etym: [AS. mealt; akin to D. mout, G. malz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. malt, and E. melt. sq. root108. See Melt.]

Defn: Barley or other grain, steeped in water and dried in a kiln, thus forcing germination until the saccharine principle has been evolved. It is used in brewing and in the distillation of whisky.

MALT Malt, a.

Defn: Relating to, containing, or made with, malt. Malt liquor, an alcoholic liquor, as beer, ale, porter, etc., prepared by fermenting an infusion of malt. -- Malt dust, fine particles of malt, or of the grain used in making malt; -used as a fertilizer. " Malt dust consists chiefly of the infant radicle separated from the grain." Sir H. Davy. -- Malt floor, a floor for drying malt. -- Malt house, or Malthouse, a house in which malt is made. -- Malt kiln, a heated chamber for drying malt.

MALT Malt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malted: p. pr. & vb. n. Malting.]

Defn: To make into malt; as, to malt barley.

MALT Malt, v. i.

Defn: To become malt; also, to make grain into malt. Mortimer.

MALTALENT Mal"ta*lent, n. Etym: [F. See Malice, and Talent.]

Defn: Ill will; malice. [Obs.] Rom. of R. Spenser.

MALTESE Mal*tese", a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Malta or to its inhabitants. -- n. sing. & pl.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Malta; the people of Malta. Maltese cat (Zoöl.), a mouse-colored variety of the domestic cat. -- Maltese cross. See Illust. 5, of Cross. -- Maltese dog (Zoöl.), a breed of small terriers, having long silky white hair. The breed originated in Malta.

MALTHA Mal"tha, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. A variety of bitumen, viscid and tenacious, like pitch, unctuous to the touch, and exhaling a bituminous odor.

2. Mortar. [Obs.] Holland.

MALTHUSIAN Mal*thu"sian, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the political economist, the Rev. T. R. Malthus, or conforming to his views; as, Malthusian theories.

Note: Malthus held that population tends to increase faster than its means of subsistence can be made to do, and hence that the lower classes must necessarily suffer more or less from lack of food, unless an increase of population be checked by prudential restraint or otherwise.

MALTHUSIAN Mal*thu"sian, n.

Defn: A follower of Malthus.

MALTHUSIANISM Mal*thu"sian*ism, n.

Defn: The system of Malthusian doctrines relating to population.

MALTIN; MALTINE Malt"in, Malt"ine, n. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The fermentative principle of malt; malt diastase; also, a name given to various medicinal preparations made from or containing malt.

MALTING Malt"ing, n.

Defn: The process of making, or of becoming malt.

MALTMAN Malt"man, n.; pl. Maltmen (.

Defn: A man whose occupation is to make malt.

MALTONIC Mal*ton"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, maltose; specif., designating an acid called also gluconic or dextronic acid. See Gluconic.

MALTOSE Malt"ose`, n. Etym: [From Malt.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action of distance of malt, and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power.

MALTREAT Mal*treat", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maltreated; p. pr. & vb. n. Maltreating.] Etym: [Mal- + treat: cf. F. maltraiter.]

Defn: To treat ill; to abuse; to treat roughly.

MALTREATMENT Mal*treat"ment, n.; Etym: [Cf. F. maltraitement.]

Defn: Ill treatment; ill usage; abuse.

MALTSTER Malt"ster, n.

Defn: A maltman. Swift.

MALTWORM Malt"worm`, n.

Defn: A tippler. [R.] Shak.

MALTY Malt"y, a.

Defn: Consisting, or like, malt. Dickens.

MALUM Ma"lum, n.; pl. Mala. Etym: [L.]

Defn: An evil. See Mala.

MALVACEOUS Mal*va"ceous, a. Etym: [L. malvaceus, from malva mallows. See Mallow.] (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants (Malvaceæ), of which the mallow is the type. The cotton plant, hollyhock, and abutilon are of this order, and the baobab and the silk-cotton trees are now referred to it.

MALVERSATION Mal`ver*sa"tion, n. Etym: [F., fr. malverser to be corrupt in office, fr. L. male ill + versari to move about, to occupy one's self, vertere to turn. See Malice, and Verse.]

Defn: Evil conduct; fraudulent practices; misbehavior, corruption, or extortion in office.

MALVESIE Mal"ve*sie, n.

Defn: Malmsey wine. See Malmsey. " A jub of malvesye." Chaucer.

MAM Mam, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. mamma.]

Defn: Mamma.

MAM Mam (mam), n. [Abbrev. fr. mamma.]

Defn: Mamma.

MAMA Ma*ma", n.

Defn: See Mamma.

MAMALUKE Mam"a*luke, n.

Defn: Same as Mameluke.

MAMELON Mam"e*lon, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A rounded hillock; a rounded elevation or protuberance. Westmin. Rev.

MAMELUCO Mam`e*lu"co, n. Etym: [Pg.]

Defn: A child born of a white father and Indian mother. [S. Amer.]

MAMELUKE Mam"e*luke, n. Etym: [F. mamelouk, cf. Sp. mameluco, It. mammalucco; all fr. Ar. maml a purchased slave or captive; lit., possessed or in one's power, p. p. of malaka to possesses.]

Defn: One of a body of mounted soldiers recruited from slaves converted to Mohammedanism, who, during several centuries, had more or less control of the government of Egypt, until exterminated or dispersed by Mehemet Ali in 1811.

MAMILLATED Mam"il*la`ted, a.

Defn: See Mammillated.

MAMMA Mam*ma", n. Etym: [Reduplicated from the infantine word ma, influenced in spelling by L. mamma.]

Defn: Mother; -- word of tenderness and familiarity. [Written also mama.] Tell tales papa and mamma. Swift.

MAMMA Mam"ma, n.; pl. Mammæ. Etym: [L. mamma breast.] (Anat.)

Defn: A glandular organ for secreting milk, characteristic of all mammals, but usually rudimentary in the male; a mammary gland; a breast; under; bag.

MAMMAL Mam"mal, n.; pl. Mammals. Etym: [L. mammalis belonging to the breast, fr. mamma the breast or pap: cf. F. mammal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Mammalia. Age of mammals. See under Age, n., 8.

MAMMALIA Mam*ma"li*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from L. mammalis. See Mammal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The highest class of Vertebrata. The young are nourished for a time by milk, or an analogous fluid, secreted by the mammary glands of the mother.

Note: Mammalia are divided into threes subclasses; --I. Placentalia. This subclass embraces all the higher orders, including man. In these the fetus is attached to the uterus by a placenta. II. Marsupialia. In these no placenta is formed, and the young, which are born at an early state of development, are carried for a time attached to the teats, and usually protected by a marsupial pouch. The opossum, kangaroo, wombat, and koala are examples. III. Monotremata. In this group, which includes the genera Echidna and Ornithorhynchus, the female lays large eggs resembling those of a bird or lizard, and the young, which are hatched like those of birds, are nourished by a watery secretion from the imperfectly developed mammæ.

MAMMALIAN Mam*ma"li*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Mammalia or mammals.

MAMMALIFEROUS Mam`ma*lif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Mammal + -ferous.] (Geol.)

Defn: Containing mammalian remains; -- said of certain strata.

MAMMALOGICAL Mam`ma*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to mammalogy.

MAMMALOGIST Mam*mal"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. mammalogiste.]

Defn: One versed in mammalogy.

MAMMALOGY Mam*mal"o*gy, n. Etym: [Mamma breast + -logy: cf. f. mammalogie.]

Defn: The science which relates to mammals or the Mammalia. See Mammalia.

MAMMARY Mam"ma*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. mammaire.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the mammæ or breasts; as, the mammary arteries and veins.

MAMMEE Mam*mee", n. Etym: [Haytian mamey.] (Bot.)

Defn: A fruit tree of tropical America, belonging to the genus Mammea (M. Americana); also, its fruit. The latter is large, covered with a thick, tough ring, and contains a bright yellow pulp of a pleasant taste and fragrant scent. It is often called mammee apple.

MAMMER Mam"mer, v. i. Etym: [Cf. G. memme coward, poltroon.]

Defn: To hesitate; to mutter doubtfully. [Obs.]

MAMMET Mam"met, n. Etym: [See Mawmet.]

Defn: An idol; a puppet; a doll. [Obs.] Selden. Shak.

MAMMETRY Mam"met*ry, n.

Defn: See Mawmetry. [Obs.]

MAMMIFER Mam"mi*fer, n. Etym: [NL. See Mammiferous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mammal. See Mammalia.

MAMMIFEROUS Mam*mif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Mamma breast + -ferous: cf. F. mammifère.]

Defn: Having breasts; of, pertaining to, or derived from, the Mammalia.

MAMMIFORM Mam"mi*form, a. Etym: [Mamma breast + -form: cf. F. mammiforme.]

Defn: Having the form of a mamma (breast) or mammæ.

MAMMILLA Mam*mil"la, n.; pl. Mammilæ. Etym: [L., dim. of mamma a breast.] (Anat.)

Defn: The nipple.

MAMMILLARY Mam"mil*la*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. mammilaire. See Mammilla.]

1. Of or pertaining to the mammilla, or nipple, or to the breast; resembling a mammilla; mammilloid.

2. (Min.)

Defn: Composed of convex convex concretions, somewhat resembling the breasts in form; studded with small mammiform protuberances.

MAMMILLATE; MAMMILLATED Mam"mil*late, Mam"mil*la`ted, a. Etym: [See Mammilla.]

1. Having small nipples, or small protuberances like nipples or mammæ.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Bounded like a nipple; -- said of the apex of some shells.

MAMMILLIFORM Mam*mil"li*form, a. Etym: [Mammil + -form.]

Defn: Having the form of a mammilla.

MAMMILLOID Mam"mil*loid, a. Etym: [Mammilla + -oid.]

Defn: Like a mammilla or nipple; mammilliform.

MAMMOCK Mam"mock, n. Etym: [Ir. & Gael. mam a round hill + -ock.]

Defn: A shapeless piece; a fragment. [Obs.]

MAMMOCK Mam"mock, v. t.

Defn: To tear to pieces. [Obs.] Milton.

MAMMODIS Mam"mo*dis, n. Etym: [F. mamoudis, fr. Hind. mahmudi a muslin.]

Defn: Coarse plain India muslins.

MAMMOLOGY Mam*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Mamma + -logy.]

Defn: Mastology. See Mammalogy.

MAMMON Mam"mon, n. Etym: [L. mammona, Gr. mam; cf. Heb. matm a hiding place, subterranean storehouse, treasury, fr. taman to hide.]

Defn: Riches; wealth; the god of riches; riches, personified. Ye can not serve God and Mammon. Matt. vi. 24.

MAMMONISH Mam"mon*ish, a.

Defn: Actuated or prompted by a devotion to money getting or the service of Mammon. Carlyle.

MAMMONISM Mam"mon*ism, n.

Defn: Devotion to the pursuit of wealth; worldliness. Carlyle.

MAMMONIST Mam"mon*ist, n.

Defn: A mammonite.

MAMMONITE Mam"mon*ite, n.

Defn: One devoted to the acquisition of wealth or the service of Mammon. C. Kingsley.

MAMMONIZATION Mam`mon*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The process of making mammonish; the state of being under the influence of mammonism.

MAMMONIZE Mam"mon*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make mammonish.

MAMMOSE Mam*mose", a. Etym: [L. mammosus having large breasts, mamma breast.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the form of the breast; breast-shaped.

MAMMOTH Mam"moth, n. Etym: [Russ. mâmont, mámant, fr. Tartar mamma the earth. Certain Tartar races, the Tungooses and Yakoots, believed that the mammoth worked its way in the earth like a mole.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extinct, hairy, maned elephant (Elephas primigenius), of enormous size, remains of which are found in the northern parts of both continents. The last of the race, in Europe, were coeval with prehistoric man.

Note: Several specimens have been found in Siberia preserved entire, with the flesh and hair remaining. They were imbedded in the ice cliffs at a remote period, and became exposed by the melting of the ice.

MAMMOTH Mam"moth, a.

Defn: Resembling the mammoth in size; very large; gigantic; as, a mammoth ox.

MAMMOTHREPT Mam"mo*thrept, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A child brought up by its grandmother; a spoiled child. [R.] O, you are a more mammothrept in judgment. B. Jonson.

MAMMY Mam"my, n.; pl. Mammies (.

Defn: A child's name for mamma, mother.

MAMZER Mam"zer, n. Etym: [Heb. mámz.]

Defn: A person born of relations between whom marriage was forbidden by the Mosaic law; a bastard. Deut. xxiii. 2 (Douay version).

MAN Man, n.; pl. Men. Etym: [AS. mann, man, monn, mon; akin to OS., D., & OHG. man, G. mann, Icel. maedhr, for mannr, Dan. Mand, Sw. man, Goth. manna, Skr. manu, manus, and perh. to Skr. man to think, and E. mind. sq. root104. Cf. Minx a pert girl.]

1. A human being; -- opposed tobeast. These men went about wide, and man found they none, But fair country, and wild beast many [a] one. R. of Glouc. The king is but a man, as I am; the violet smells to him as it doth to me. Shak.

2. Especially: An adult male person; a grown-up male person, as distinguished from a woman or a child. When I became a man, I put away childish things. I Cor. xiii. 11. Ceneus, a woman once, and once a man. Dryden.

3. The human race; mankind. And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness, and let them have dominion. Gen. i. 26. The proper study of mankind is man. Pope.

4. The male portion of the human race. Woman has, in general, much stronger propensity than man to the discharge of parental duties. Cowper.

5. One possessing in a high degree the distinctive qualities of manhood; one having manly excellence of any kind. Shak. This was the noblest Roman of them all . . . the elements So mixed in him that Nature might stand up And say to all the world "This was a man! Shak.

6. An adult male servant; also, a vassal; a subject. Like master, like man. Old Proverb. The vassal, or tenant, kneeling, ungirt, uncovered, and holding up his hands between those of his lord, professed that he did become his man from that day forth, of life, limb, and earthly honor. Blackstone.

7. A term of familiar address often implying on the part of the speaker some degree of authority, impatience, or haste; as, Come, man, we 've no time to lose !

8. A married man; a husband; -- correlative to wife. I pronounce that they are man and wife. Book of Com. Prayer. every wife ought to answer for her man. Addison.

9. One, or any one, indefinitely; -- a modified survival of the Saxon use of man, or mon, as an indefinite pronoun. A man can not make him laugh. Shak. A man would expect to find some antiquities; but all they have to show of this nature is an old rostrum of a Roman ship. Addison.

10. One of the piece with which certain games, as chess or draughts, are played.

Note: Man is often used as a prefix in composition, or as a separate adjective, its sense being usually self-explaining; as, man child, man eater or maneater, man-eating, man hater or manhater, man-hating, manhunter, man-hunting, mankiller, man-killing, man midwife, man pleaser, man servant, man-shaped, manslayer, manstealer, man- stealing, manthief, man worship, etc. Man is also used as a suffix to denote a person of the male sex having a business which pertains to the thing spoken of in the qualifying part of the compound; ashman, butterman, laundryman, lumberman, milkman, fireman, showman, waterman, woodman. Where the combination is not familiar, or where some specific meaning of the compound is to be avoided, man is used as a separate substantive in the foregoing sense; as, apple man, cloth man, coal man, hardware man, wood man (as distinguished from woodman). Man ape (Zoöl.), a anthropoid ape, as the gorilla. -- Man at arms, a designation of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries for a soldier fully armed. -- Man engine, a mechanical lift for raising or lowering people through considerable distances; specifically (Mining), a contrivance by which miners ascend or descend in a shaft. It consists of a series of landings in the shaft and an equal number of shelves on a vertical rod which has an up and down motion equal to the distance between the successive landings. A man steps from a landing to a shelf and is lifted or lowered to the next landing, upon which he them steps, and so on, traveling by successive stages. -- Man Friday, a person wholly subservient to the will of another, like Robinson Crusoe's servant Friday. -- Man of straw, a puppet; one who is controlled by others; also, one who is not responsible pecuniarily. -- Man-of-the earth (Bot.), a twining plant (Ipomoea pandurata) with leaves and flowers much like those of the morning-glory, but having an immense tuberous farinaceous root. -- Man of war. (a) A warrior; a soldier. Shak. (b) (Naut.) See in the Vocabulary. -- To be one's own man, to have command of one's self; not to be subject to another.

MAN Man, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manned; p. pr. & vb. n. Manning.]

1. To supply with men; to furnish with a sufficient force or complement of men, as for management, service, defense, or the like; to guard; as, to man a ship, boat, or fort. See how the surly Warwick mans the wall ! Shak. They man their boats, and all their young men arm. Waller.

2. To furnish with strength for action; to prepare for efficiency; to fortify. "Theodosius having manned his soul with proper reflections." Addison.

3. To tame, as a hawk. [R.] Shak.

4. To furnish with a servants. [Obs.] Shak.

5. To wait on as a manservant. [Obs.] Shak.

Note: In "Othello," V. ii. 270, the meaning is uncertain, being, perhaps: To point, to aim, or to manage. To man a yard (Naut.), to send men upon a yard, as for furling or reefing a sail. -- To man the yards (Naut.), to station men on the yards as a salute or mark of respect.

MANABLE Man"a*ble, a.

Defn: Marriageable.[Obs.]

MANACE Man"ace, n. & v.

Defn: Same as Menace. [Obs.]

MANACLE Man"a*cle, n. Etym: [OE. manicle, OF. manicle, F. manicle sort glove, manacle, L. manicula a little hand, dim. of manus hand; cf. L. manica sleeve, manacle, fr.manus. See Manual.]

Defn: A handcuff; a shackle for the hand or wrist; -- usually in the plural. Doctrine unto fools is as fetters on the feet, and like manacles on the right hand. Ecclus. xxi. 19.

MANACLE Man"a*cle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manacled; p. pr. & vb. n. Manacling.]

Defn: To put handcuffs or other fastening upon, for confining the hands; to shackle; to confine; to restrain from the use of the limbs or natural powers. Is it thus you use this monarch, to manacle and shackle him hand and foot Arbuthnot.

MANAGE Man"age, n. Etym: [F. manège, It. maneggio, fr. maneggiare to manage, fr. L.manushand. Perhaps somewhat influenced by F. ménage housekeeping, OF. mesnage, akin to E. mansion. See Manual, and cf. Manege.]

Defn: The handling or government of anything, but esp. of a horse; management; administration. See Manege. [Obs.] Young men, in the conduct and manage of actions, embrace more than they can hold. Bacon. Down, down I come; like glistering Phaëthon Wanting the manage of unruly jades. Shak. The unlucky manage of this fatal brawl. Shak.

Note: This word, in its limited sense of management of a horse, has been displaced by manege; in its more general meaning, by management.

MANAGE Man"age, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Managed; p. pr. & vb. n. Managing.] Etym: [From Manage, n.]

1. To have under control and direction; to conduct; to guide; to administer; to treat; to handle. Long tubes are cumbersome, and scarce to be easily managed. Sir I. Newton. What wars Imanage, and what wreaths I gain. Prior.

2. Hence: Esp., to guide by careful or delicate treatment; to wield with address; to make subservient by artful conduct; to bring around cunningly to one's plans. It was so much his interest to manage his Protestant subjects. Addison . It was not her humor to manage those over whom she had gained an ascendant. Bp. Hurd.

3. To train in the manege, as a horse; to exercise in graceful or artful action.

4. To treat with care; to husband. Dryden.

5. To bring about; to contrive. Shak.

Syn. -- To direct; govern; control; wield; order; contrive; concert; conduct; transact.

MANAGE Man"age, v. i.

Defn: To direct affairs; to carry on business or affairs; to administer. Leave them to manage for thee. Dryden .

MANAGEABILITY Man`age*a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being manageable; manageableness.

MANAGEABLE Man"age*a*ble, a.

Defn: Such as can be managed or used; suffering control; governable; tractable; subservient; as, a manageable horse.

Syn. -- Governable; tractable; controllable; docile. -- Man"age*a*ble*ness, n. -- Man"age*a*bly, adv.

MANAGELESS Man"age*less, a.

Defn: Unmanageable.[R.]

MANAGEMENT Man"age*ment, n. Etym: [From Manage, v.]

1. The act or art of managing; the manner of treating, directing, carrying on, or using, for a purpose; conduct; administration; guidance; control; as, the management of a family or of a farm; the management of state affairs. "The management of the voice." E. Porter.

2. Business dealing; negotiation; arrangement. He had great managements with ecclesiastics. Addison .

3. Judicious use of means to accomplish an end; conduct directed by art or address; skillful treatment; cunning practice; -- often in a bad sense. Mark with what management their tribes divide Some stick to you, and some to t'other side. Dryden.

4. The collective body of those who manage or direct any enterprise or interest; the board of managers.

Syn. -- Conduct; administration; government; direction; guidance; care; charge; contrivance; intrigue.

MANAGER Man"a*ger, n.

1. One who manages; a conductor or director; as, the manager of a theater. A skillful manager of the rabble. South.

2. A person who conducts business or household affairs with economy and frugality; a good economist. A prince of great aspiring thoughts; in the main, a manager of his treasure. Sir W. Temple.

3. A contriver; an intriguer. Shak.

MANAGERIAL Man`a*ge"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to management or a manager; as, managerial qualities. "Managerial responsibility." C. Bronté.

MANAGERSHIP Man"a*ger*ship, n.

Defn: The office or position of a manager.

MANAGERY Man"age*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. menagerie, mesnagerie. See Manage, n., and cf. Menagerie.]

1. Management; manner of using; conduct; direction.

2. Husbandry; economy; frugality. Bp. Burnet.

MANAKIN Man"a*kin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. & G. manakin; prob. the native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous small birds belonging to Pipra, Manacus, and other genera of the family Pipridæ. They are mostly natives of Central and South America. some are bright-colored, and others have the wings and tail curiously ornamented. The name is sometimes applied to related birds of other families.

MANAKIN Man"a*kin, n.

Defn: A dwarf. See Manikin. Shak.

MANATEE Man`a*tee", n. Etym: [Sp. manatí, from the native name in Hayti. Cf. Lamantin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of Trichechus, a genus of sirenians; -- called alsosea cow. [Written also manaty, manati.]

Note: One species (Trichechus Senegalensis) inhabits the west coast of Africa; another (T. Americanus) inhabits the east coast of South America, and the West-Indies. The Florida manatee (T. latirostris) is by some considered a distinct species, by others it is thought to be a variety of T. Americanus. It sometimes becomes fifteen feet or more in length, and lives both in fresh and salt water. It is hunted for its oil and flesh.

MANATION Ma*na"tion, n.Etym: [L.manatio, fr. manare to flow.]

Defn: The act of issuing or flowing out. [Obs.]

MANBIRD Man"bird`, n.

Defn: An aviator. [Colloq.]

MANBOTE Man"bote`, n. Etym: [AS. man man, vassal + bot recompense.] (Anglo- Saxon Law)

Defn: A sum paid to a lord as a pecuniary compensation for killing his man (that is, his vassal, servant, or tenant). Spelman.

MANCA Man"ca, n. Etym: [LL.]

Defn: See Mancus.

MANCHE Manche, n. [Also maunch.] Etym: [F. manche, fr. L. manica. See Manacle.]

Defn: A sleeve. [Obs.]

MANCHET Man"chet, n.

Defn: Fine white bread; a loaf of fine bread. [Archaic] Bacon. Tennyson.

MANCHINEEL Man`chi*neel", n. Etym: [Sp. manzanillo, fr. manzana an apple, fr. L. malum Matianum a kind of apple. So called from its apple-like fruit.] (Bot.)

Defn: A euphorbiaceous tree (Hippomane Mancinella) of tropical America, having a poisonous and blistering milky juice, and poisonous acrid fruit somewhat resembling an apple. Bastard manchineel, a tree (Cameraria latifolia) of the East Indies, having similar poisonous properties. Lindley.

MANCHU Man*chu", a. Etym: [Written also Manchoo, Mantchoo, etc.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Manchuria or its inhabitants. -- n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Manchuria; also, the language spoken by the Manchus.

MANCIPATE Man"ci*pate, v. t. Etym: [L. mancipatus, p. p. of mancipare to sell. Cf. Emancipate.]

Defn: To enslave; to bind; to restrict. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

MANCIPATION Man`ci*pa"tion, n. Etym: [L. mancipatio a transfer.]

Defn: Slavery; involuntary servitude. [Obs.] Johnson.

MANCIPLE Man"ci*ple, n. Etym: [From OF. mancipe slave, servant (with l inserted, as in participle), fr. L. mancipium. See Mancipate.]

Defn: A steward; a purveyor, particularly of a college or Inn of Court. Chaucer.

MANCONA BARK Man*co"na bark`

Defn: . See Sassy bark.

MANCUS Man"cus, n. Etym: [AS.]

Defn: An old Anglo Saxon coin both of gold and silver, and of variously estimated values. The silver mancus was equal to about one shilling of modern English money.

-MANCY -man`cy. Etym: [Gr. -mancie.]

Defn: A combining form denoting divination; as, aleuromancy, chiromancy, necromancy, etc.

MAND Mand, n.

Defn: A demand. [Obs.] See Demand.

MANDAMUS Man*da"mus, n. Etym: [L., we command, fr. mandare to command.] (Law)

Defn: A writ issued by a superior court and directed to some inferior tribunal, or to some corporation or person exercising authority, commanding the performance of some specified duty.

MANDARIN Man`da*rin", n. Etym: [Pg. mandarim, from Malay mantri minister of state, prop. a Hind. word, fr. Skr. mantrin a counselor, manira a counsel, man to think.]

1. A Chinese public officer or nobleman; a civil or military official in China and Annam.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A small orange, with easily separable rind. It is thought to be of Chinese origin, and is counted a distinct species (Citrus nobilis)mandarin orange; tangerine. Mandarin duck (Zoöl.), a beautiful Asiatic duck (Dendronessa galericulata), often domesticated, and regarded by the Chinese as an emblem of conjugal affection. -- Mandarin language, the spoken or colloquial language of educated people in China. -- Mandarin yellow (Chem.), an artificial aniline dyestuff used for coloring silk and wool, and regarded as a complex derivative of quinoline.

MANDARINATE Man`da*rin"ate, n.

Defn: The collective body of officials or persons of rank in China. S. W. Williams.

MANDARINIC Man`da*rin"ic, a.

Defn: Appropriate or peculiar to a mandarin.

MANDARINING Man`da*rin"ing, n. (Dyeing)

Defn: The process of giving an orange color to goods formed of animal tissue, as silk or wool, not by coloring matter, but by producing a certain change in the fiber by the action of dilute nitric acid. Tomlinson.

MANDARINISM Man`da*rin"ism, n.

Defn: A government mandarins; character or spirit of the mandarins. F. Lieder.

MANDATARY Man"da*ta*ry, n. Etym: [L. mandatarius, fr. mandatum a charge, commission, order: cf. F. mandataire. See Mandate.]

1. One to whom a command or charge is given; hence, specifically, a person to whom the pope has, by his prerogative, given a mandate or order for his benefice. Ayliffe.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who undertakes to discharge a specific business commission; a mandatory. Wharton.

MANDATE Man"date, n. Etym: [L. mandatum, fr. mandare to commit to one's charge, order, orig., to put into one's hand; manus hand + dare to give: cf. F. mandat. See Manual, Date a time, and cf. Commend, Maundy Thursday.]

1. An official or authoritative command; an order or injunction; a commission; a judicial precept. This dream all-powerful Juno; I bear Her mighty mandates, and her words you hear. Dryden.

2. (Canon Law)

Defn: A rescript of the pope, commanding an ordinary collator to put the person therein named in possession of the first vacant benefice in his collation.

3. (Scots Law)

Defn: A contract by which one employs another to manage any business for him. By the Roman law, it must have been gratuitous. Erskine.

MANDATOR Man*da"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

1. A director; one who gives a mandate or order. Ayliffe.

2. (Rom. Law)

Defn: The person who employs another to perform a mandate. Bouvier.

MANDATORY Man"da*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. mandatorius.]

Defn: Containing a command; preceptive; directory.

MANDATORY Man"da*to*ry, n.

Defn: Same as Mandatary.

MANDELATE Man"del*ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of mandelic acid.

MANDELIC Man*del"ic, a. Etym: [G. mandel almond.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to an acid first obtained from benzoic aldehyde (oil of better almonds), as a white crystalline substance; -- called also phenyl glycolic acid.

MANDER Man"der, v. t. & i.

Defn: See Maunder.

MANDERIL Man"der*il, n.

Defn: A mandrel.

MANDIBLE Man"di*ble, n. Etym: [L. mandibula, mandibulum, fr. mandere to chew. Cf. Manger.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The bone, or principal bone, of the lower jaw; the inferior maxilla; -- also applied to either the upper or the lower jaw in the beak of birds.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The anterior pair of mouth organs of insects, crustaceaus, and related animals, whether adapted for biting or not. See Illust. of Diptera.

MANDIBULAR Man*dib"u*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. mandibulaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a mandible; like a mandible. -- n.

Defn: The principal mandibular bone; the mandible. Mandibular arch (Anat.), the most anterior visceral arch, -- that in which the mandible is developed.

MANDIBULATE; MANDIBULATED Man*dib"u*late, Man*dib"u*la`ted, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Provided with mandibles adapted for biting, as many insects.

MANDIBULATE Man*dib"u*late, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An insect having mandibles.

MANDIBULIFORM Man`di*bu"li*form, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the form of a mandible; -- said especially of the maxillæ of an insect when hard and adapted for biting.

MANDIBULOHYOID Man*dib`u*lo*hy"oid, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining both to the mandibular and the hyoid arch, or situated between them.

MANDIL Man"dil, n. Etym: [OF. mandil; cf. Sp. & Pg. mandil a coarse apron, a haircloth; all from Ar. mandil tablecloth, handkerchief, mantle, fr. LGr. mantile, mantele. See Mantle.]

Defn: A loose outer garment worn the 16th and 17th centuries.

MANDILION Man*dil"ion, n.

Defn: See Mandil. Chapman.

MANDINGOS Man*din"gos, n. pl.

Defn: ; sing. Mandingo. (Ethnol.) An extensive and powerful tribe of West African negroes.

MANDIOC; MANDIOCA Man"di*oc, Man`di*o"ca, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Manioc.

MANDLESTONE Man"dle*stone`, n. Etym: [G. mandelstein almond stone.] (Min.)

Defn: Amygdaloid.

MANDMENT Mand"ment, n.

Defn: Commandment. [Obs.]

MANDOLA Man*do"la, n. [It. See Mandolin.] (Mus.)

Defn: An instrument closely resembling the mandolin, but of larger size and tuned lower.

MANDOLIN; MANDOLINE Man"do*lin, Man"do*line, n. Etym: [F. mandoline, It. mandolino, dim. of mandola, fr. L. pandura. See Bandore.] (Mus.)

Defn: A small and beautifully shaped instrument resembling the lute.

MANDORE Man"dore, n. Etym: [See Mandolin, and Bandore.] (Mus.)

Defn: A kind of four-stringed lute.

MANDRAGORA Man*drag"o*ra, n. Etym: [L., mandragoras the mandrake.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants; the mandrake. See Mandrake, 1.

MANDRAGORITE Man*drag"o*rite, n.

Defn: One who habitually intoxicates himself with a narcotic obtained from mandrake.

MANDRAKE Man"drake, n. Etym: [AS. mandragora, L. mandragoras, fr. Gr. mandragore.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A low plant (Mandragora officinarum) of the Nightshade family, having a fleshy root, often forked, and supposed to resemble a man. It was therefore supposed to have animal life, and to cry out when pulled up. All parts of the plant are strongly narcotic. It is found in the Mediterranean region. And shrieks like mandrakes, torn out of the earth, That living mortals, hearing them, run mad. Shak.

Note: The mandrake of Scripture was perhaps the same plant, but proof is wanting.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The May apple (Podophyllum peltatum). See May apple under May, and Podophyllum. [U.S.]

MANDREL Man"drel, n. Etym: [F. mandrin, prob. through (assumed) LL. mamphurinum, fr. L. mamphur a bow drill.] (Mach.) (a) A bar of metal inserted in the work to shape it, or to hold it, as in a lathe, during the process of manufacture; an arbor. (b) The live spindle of a turning lathe; the revolving arbor of a circular saw. It is usually driven by a pulley. [Written also manderil.] Mandrel lathe, a lathe with a stout spindle, adapted esp. for chucking, as for forming hollow articles by turning or spinning.

MANDRILL Man"drill, n. Etym: [Cf. F. mandrille, Sp. mandril, It. mandrillo; prob. the native name in Africa. Cf. Drill an ape.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: a large West African baboon (Cynocephalus, or Papio, mormon). The adult male has, on the sides of the nose, large, naked, grooved swellings, conspicuously striped with blue and red.

MANDUCABLE Man"du*ca*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manducable. See Manducate.]

Defn: Such as can be chewed; fit to be eaten. [R.] Any manducable creature. Sir T. Herbert.

MANDUCATE Man"du*cate v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manducated; p. pr. & vb. n. Manducating.] Etym: [L. manducatus, p. p. of manducare to chew. See Manger.]

Defn: To masticate; to chew; to eat. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

MANDUCATION Man`du*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. manducatio: cf. F. manducation.]

Defn: The act of chewing. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

MANDUCATORY Man"du*ca*to*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or employed in, chewing.

MANDUCUS Man*du"cus, n. Etym: [L., fr. manducare to chew.] (Gr. & Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A grotesque mask, representing a person chewing or grimacing, worn in processions and by comic actors on the stage.

MANE Mane, n. Etym: [AS. manu; akin to OD. mane, D. maan, G. mähne, OHG. mana, Icel. mön, Dan. & Sw. man, AS. mene necklace, Icel. men, L. monile, Gr. manya neck muscles. sq. root275.]

Defn: The long and heavy hair growing on the upper side of, or about, the neck of some quadrupedal animals, as the horse, the lion, etc. See Illust. of Horse.

MAN-EATER Man"-eat`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One who, or that which, has an appetite for human flesh; specifically, one of certain large sharks (esp. Carcharodon Rondeleti); also, a lion or a tiger which has acquired the habit of feeding upon human flesh.

MANED Maned, a.

Defn: Having a mane. Maned seal (Zoöl.), the sea lion. -- Maned sheep (Zoöl.), the aoudad.

MANEGE Ma*nege", n. Etym: [F. manège. See Manage, n.]

1. Art of horsemanship, or of training horses

2. A school for teaching horsemanship, and for training horses. Chesterfield.

MANEH Ma"neh, n. Etym: [Heb. maneh.]

Defn: A Hebrew weight for gold or silver, being one hundred shekels of gold and sixty shekels of silver. Ezek. xlv. 12.

MANELESS Mane"less, a.

Defn: Having no mane. Maneless lion (Zoöl.), a variety of the lion having a short, inconspicuous mane. It inhabits Arabia and adjacent countries.

MANEQUIN Man"e*quin, n. Etym: [See Manikin.]

Defn: An artist's model of wood or other material.

MANERIAL Ma*ne"ri*al, a.

Defn: See Manorial.

MANES Ma"nes, n. pl. Etym: [L.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: The benevolent spirits of the dead, especially of dead ancestors, regarded as family deities and protectors. Hail, O ye holy manes! Dryden.

MANESHEET Mane"sheet`, n.

Defn: A covering placed over the upper part of a horse's head.

MANEUVER; MANOEUVRE Ma*neu"ver, Ma*noeu"vre, n. Etym: [F. manoeuvre, OF. manuevre, LL. manopera, lit., hand work, manual labor; L.manus hand + opera, fr. opus work. See Manual, Operate, and cf. Mainor, Manure.]

1. Management; dexterous movement; specif., a military or naval evolution, movement, or change of position.

2. Management with address or artful design; adroit proceeding; stratagem.

MANEUVER; MANOEUVRE Ma*neu"ver, Ma*noeu"vre, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Maneuvered or Manoeuvred; p. pr. & vb. n. Maneuvering (, or Manoeuvring (.] Etym: [Cf. F. manoeuvrer. See Maneuver, n.]

1. To perform a movement or movements in military or naval tactics; to make changes in position with reference to getting advantage in attack or defense.

2. To manage with address or art; to scheme.

MANEUVER; MANOEUVRE Ma*neu"ver, Ma*noeu"vre, v. t.

Defn: To change the positions of, as of troops of ships.

MANEUVERER; MANOEUVRER Ma*neu"ver*er, Ma*noeu"vrer, n.

Defn: One who maneuvers. This charming widow Beaumont is a nanoeuvrer. We can't well make an English word of it. Miss Edgeworth.

MANFUL Man"ful, a.

Defn: Showing manliness, or manly spirit; hence, brave, courageous, resolute, noble. " Manful hardiness." Chaucer. -- Man"ful*ly, adv. -- Man"ful*ness, n.

MANGABEY Man"ga*bey, n. Etym: [So called by Buffon from Mangaby, in Madagascar, where he erroneously supposed them be native.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several African monkeys of the genus Cercocebus, as the sooty mangabey (C. fuliginosus), which is sooty black. [Also written mangaby.]

MANGAN Man"gan, n.

Defn: See Mangonel.

MANGANATE Man"ga*nate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. manganate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of manganic acid.

Note: The manganates are usually green, and are wellknown compounds, though derived from a hypothetical acid.

MANGANESATE Man`ga*ne"sate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A manganate. [Obs.]

MANGANESE Man`ga*nese", n. Etym: [F. manganèse, It. mamaganese, sasso magnesio; prob. corrupted from L. magnes, because of its resemblance to the magnet. See Magnet, and cf. Magnesia.] (Chem.)

Defn: An element obtained by reduction of its oxide, as a hard, grayish white metal, fusible with difficulty, but easily oxidized. Its ores occur abundantly in nature as the minerals pyrolusite, manganite, etc. Symbol Mn. Atomic weight 54.8.

Note: An alloy of manganese with iron (called ferromanganese) is used to increase the density and hardness of steel. Black oxide of manganese, Manganese dioxide or peroxide, or Black manganese (Chem.), a heavy black powder MnO2, occurring native as the mineral pyrolusite, and valuable as a strong oxidizer; -- called also familiarly manganese. It colors glass violet, and is used as a decolorizer to remove the green tint of impure glass. Manganese bronze, an alloy made by adding from one to two per cent of manganese to the copper and zinc used in brass.

MANGANESE STEEL Man`ga*nese" steel.

Defn: Cast steel containing a considerable percentage of manganese, which makes it very hard and tough. See Alloy steel, above.

MANGANESIAN Man`ga*ne"sian, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manganésien.] (Chem.)

Defn: Manganic. [R.]

MANGANESIC Man`ga*ne"sic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manganésique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Manganic. [Obs.]

MANGANESIOUS Man`ga*ne"sious, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Manganous.

MANGANESIUM Man`ga*ne"si*um, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Manganese.

MANGANESOUS Man`ga*ne"sous, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Manganous.

MANGANIC Man`gan"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manganique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to resembling, or containing, manganese; specif., designating compounds in which manganese has a higher valence as contrasted with manganous compounds. Cf. Manganous. Manganic acid, an acid, H2MnO4, formed from manganese, analogous to sulphuric acid.

MANGANIFEROUS Man`ga*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Manganese + -ferous.]

Defn: Containing manganese.

MANGANITE Man"ga*nite, n.

1. (Min.)

Defn: One of the oxides of manganese; -- called also gray manganese ore. It occurs in brilliant steel-gray or iron-black crystals, also massive.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A compound of manganese dioxide with a metallic oxide; so called as though derived from the hypothetical manganous acid.

MANGANIUM Man*ga"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Manganese.

MANGANOUS Man"ga*nous, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, designating, those compounds of manganese in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with manganic compounds; as, manganous oxide. Manganous acid, a hypothetical compound analogous to sulphurous acid, and forming the so-called manganites.

MANGCORN Mang"corn`, n. Etym: [OE. mengen to mix. See Mingle, and Corn.]

Defn: A mixture of wheat and rye, or other species of grain. [Prov Eng.]

MANGE Mange, n. Etym: [See Mangy.] (Vet.)

Defn: The scab or itch in cattle, dogs, and other beasts. Mange insect (Zoöl.), any one of several species of small parasitic mites, which burrow in the skin of cattle. horses, dogs, and other animals, causing the mange. The mange insect of the horse (Psoroptes, or Dermatodectes, equi), and that of cattle (Symbiotes, or Dermatophagys, bovis) are the most important species. See Acarina.

MANGEL-WURZEL Man"gel-wur`zel, n. Etym: [G., corrupted fr. mangoldwurzel; mangold beet + wurzel root.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of large field beet (B. macrorhiza), used as food for cattle, -- by some considered a mere variety of the ordinary beet. See Beet. [Written also mangold-wurzel.]

MANGER Man"ger, n. Etym: [F. mangeoire, fr. manger to eat, fr. L. manducare, fr. mandere to chew. Cf. Mandible, Manducate.]

1. A trough or open box in which fodder is placed for horses or cattle to eat.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: The fore part of the deck, having a bulkhead athwart ships high enough to prevent water which enters the hawse holes from running over it.

MANGILY Man"gi*ly, adv.

Defn: In a mangy manner; scabbily.

MANGINESS Man"gi*ness, n. Etym: [From Mangy.]

Defn: The condition or quality of being mangy.

MANGLE Man"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mangled; p. pr. & vb. n. Mangling.] Etym: [A frequentative fr. OE. manken to main, AS. mancian, in bemancian to mutilate, fr. L. mancus maimed; perh. akin to G. mangeln to be wanting.]

1. To cut or bruise with repeated blows or strokes, making a ragged or torn wound, or covering with wounds; to tear in cutting; to cut in a bungling manner; to lacerate; to mutilate. Mangled with ghastly wounds through plate and mail. Milton.

2. To mutilate or injure, in making, doing, or pertaining; as, to mangle a piece of music or a recitation. To mangle a play or a novel. Swift.

MANGLE Man"gle, n. Etym: [D. mangel, fr. OE. mangonel a machine for throwing stones, LL. manganum, Gr. Mangonel.]

Defn: A machine for smoothing linen or cotton cloth, as sheets, tablecloths, napkins, and clothing, by roller pressure. Mangle rack (Mach.), a contrivance for converting continuous circular motion into reciprocating rectilinear motion, by means of a rack and pinion, as in the mangle. The pinion is held to the rack by a groove in such a manner that it passes alternately from one side of the rack to the other, and thus gives motion to it in opposite directions, according to the side in which its teeth are engaged. -- Mangle wheel, a wheel in which the teeth, or pins, on its face, are interrupted on one side, and the pinion, working in them, passes from inside to outside of the teeth alternately, thus converting the continuous circular motion of the pinion into a reciprocating circular motion of the wheel.

MANGLE Man"gle, v. t. Etym: [Cf. D. mangelen. See Mangle, n.]

Defn: To smooth with a mangle, as damp linen or cloth.

MANGLER Man"gler, n. Etym: [See 1st Mangle.]

Defn: One who mangles or tears in cutting; one who mutilates any work in doing it.

MANGLER Man"gler, n. Etym: [See 3d Mangle.]

Defn: One who smooths with a mangle.

MANGO Man"go, n.; pl. Mangoes. Etym: [Pg. manga, fr. Tamil mankay.]

1. The fruit of the mango tree. It is rather larger than an apple, and of an ovoid shape. Some varieties are fleshy and luscious, and others tough and tasting of turpentine. The green fruit is pickled for market.

2. A green muskmelon stuffed and pickled. Mango bird (Zoöl.), an oriole (Oriolus kundoo), native of India. -- Mango fish (Zoöl.), a fish of the Ganges (Polynemus risua), highly esteemed for food. It has several long, slender filaments below the pectoral fins. It appears about the same time with the mango fruit, in April and May, whence the name. -- Mango tree (Bot.), an East Indian tree of the genus Mangifera (M. Indica), related to the cashew and the sumac. It grows to a large size, and produces the mango of commerce. It is now cultivated in tropical America.

MANGOLDWURZEL Man"gold*wur`zel, n. Etym: [G.] (Bot.)

Defn: See Mangel-wurzel.

MANGONEL Man"go*nel, n. Etym: [OF. mangonel, LL. manganellus, manganum, fr. Gr. Mangle, n.]

Defn: A military engine formerly used for throwing stones and javelins.

MANGONISM Man"go*nism, n.

Defn: The art of mangonizing, or setting off to advantage. [Obs.]

MANGONIST Man"go*nist, n.

1. One who mangonizes. (Zoöl.)

2. A slave dealer; also, a strumpet. [Obs.]

MANGONIZE Man"go*nize, v. t. Etym: [L. mangonizare, fr. mango a dealer in slaves or wares, to which he tries to give an appearance of greater value by decking them out or furbishing them up.]

Defn: To furbish up for sale; to set off to advantage. [Obs. or R.] B. Jonson.

MANGOSTEEN; MANGOSTAN Man"go*steen, Man"go*stan, n. Etym: [Malay mangusta, mangis.] (Bot.)

Defn: A tree of the East Indies of the genus Garcinia (G. Mangostana). The tree grows to the height of eighteen feet, and bears fruit also called mangosteen, of the size of a small apple, the pulp of which is very delicious food.

MANGROVE Man"grove, n. Etym: [Malay manggi-manggi.]

1. (Bot.)