Chapter XXXVI: Appendix: Vermiformis (15)

BARBEL Bar"bel, n.Etym: [OE. barbel, F. barbeau, dim. of L. barbus barbel, fr. barba beard. See 1st Barb.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A slender tactile organ on the lips of certain fished.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large fresh-water fish ( Barbus vulgaris) found in many European rivers. Its upper jaw is furnished with four barbels.

3. pl.

Defn: Barbs or paps under the tongued of horses and cattle. See 1st Barb, 3.

BARBELLATE Bar"bel*late, a. Etym: [See 1st Barb.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having short, stiff hairs, often barbed at the point. Gray.

BARBELLULATE Bar*bel"lu*late, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Barbellate with diminutive hairs or barbs.

BARBER Bar"ber, n. Etym: [OE. barbour, OF. barbeor, F. barbier, as if fr. an assumed L. barbator, fr. barba beard. See 1st Barb.]

Defn: One whose occupation it is to shave or trim the beard, and to cut and dress the hair of his patrons. Barber's itch. See under Itch.

Note: Formerly the barber practiced some offices of surgery, such as letting blood and pulling teeth. Hence such terms as barber surgeon ( old form barber chirurgeon), barber surgery, etc.

BARBER Bar"ber, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barbered (p. pr. & vb. n. Barbering.]

Defn: To shave and dress the beard or hair of. Shak.

BARBER FISH Bar"ber fish. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Surgeon fish.

BARBERMONGER Bar"ber*mon`ger, n.

Defn: A fop. [Obs.]

BARBERRY Bar"ber*ry, n. Etym: [OE. barbarin, barbere, OF. berbere.] (Bot.)

Defn: A shrub of the genus Berberis, common along roadsides and in neglected fields. B. vulgaris is the species best known; its oblong red berries are made into a preserve or sauce, and have been deemed efficacious in fluxes and fevers. The bark dyes a fine yellow, esp. the bark of the root. [Also spelt berberry.]

BARBET Bar"bet, n. Etym: [F. barbet, fr.barbe beard, long hair of certain animals. See Barb beard.] (Zoöl.) (a) A variety of small dog, having long curly hair. (b) A bird of the family Bucconidæ, allied to the Cuckoos, having a large, conical beak swollen at the base, and bearded with five bunches of stiff bristles; the puff bird. It inhabits tropical America and Africa. (c) A larva that feeds on aphides.

BARBETTE Bar*bette", n. Etym: [F. Cf. Barbet.] (Fort.)

Defn: A mound of earth or a platform in a fortification, on which guns are mounted to fire over the parapet. En barbette, In barbette, said of guns when they are elevated so as to fire over the top of a parapet, and not through embrasures. -- Barbette gun, or Barbette battery, a single gun, or a number of guns, mounted in barbette, or partially protected by a parapet or turret. -- Barbette carriage, a gun carriage which elevates guns sufficiently to be in barbette. [See Illust. of Casemate.]

BARBICAN; BARBACAN Bar"bi*can, Bar"ba*can, n. Etym: [OE. barbican, barbecan, F. barbacane, LL. barbacana, barbicana, of uncertain origin: cf. Ar. barbakh aqueduct, sewer. F. barbacane also means, an opening to let out water, loophole.]

1. ( Fort.) A tower or advanced work defending the entrance to a castle or city, as at a gate or bridge. It was often large and strong, having a ditch and drawbridge of its own.

2. An opening in the wall of a fortress, through which missiles were discharged upon an enemy.

BARBICANAGE; BARBACANAGE Bar"bi*can*age, Bar"ba*can*age, n. Etym: [LL. barbicanagium. See Barbican.]

Defn: Money paid for the support of a barbican. [Obs.]

BARBICEL Bar"bi*cel, n. Etym: [NL. barbicella, dim. of L. barba. See 1st Barb.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the small hooklike processes on the barbules of feathers.

BARBIERS Bar"biers, n. (Med.)

Defn: A variety of paralysis, peculiar to India and the Malabar coast; -- considered by many to be the same as beriberi in chronic form.

BARBIGEROUS Bar*big"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. barba a beard + gerous.]

Defn: Having a beard; bearded; hairy.

BARBITON Bar"bi*ton, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. .] (Mus.)

Defn: An ancient Greek instrument resembling a lyre.

BARBITURIC ACID Bar`bi*tu"ric ac"id. (Chem.)

Defn: A white, crystalline substance,

BARBIZON SCHOOL; BARBISON SCHOOL Bar`bi`zon" school or Bar`bi`son" school. (Painting)

Defn: A French school of the middle of the 19th century centering in the village of Barbizon near the forest of Fontainebleau. Its members went straight to nature in disregard of academic tradition, treating their subjects faithfully and with poetic feeling for color, light, and atmosphere. It is exemplified, esp. in landscapes, by Corot, Rousseau, Daubigny, Jules Dupré, and Diaz. Associated with them are certain painters of animals, as Troyon and Jaque, and of peasant life, as Millet and Jules Breton.

BARBLE Bar"ble, n.

Defn: See Barbel.

BARBOTINE Bar"bo*tine, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A paste of clay used in decorating coarse pottery in relief.

BARBRE Bar"bre, a.

Defn: Barbarian. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BARBULE Bar"bule, n. Etym: [L. barbula, fr. barba beard.]

1. A very minute barb or beard. Booth.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the processes along the edges of the barbs of a feather, by which adjacent barbs interlock. See Feather.

BARCAROLLE Bar"ca*rolle, n. Etym: [F. barcarolle, fr. It. barcaruola, fr. barca bark, barge.] (Mus.) (a) A popular song or melody sung by Venetian gondoliers. (b) A piece of music composed in imitation of such a song.

BARCON Bar"con, n. Etym: [It. barcone, fr. barca a bark.]

Defn: A vessel for freight; -- used in Mediterranean.

BARD Bard, n. Etym: [Of Celtic origin; cf. W. bardd, Arm. barz, Ir. & Gael. bard, and F. barde.]

1. A professional poet and singer, as among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.

2. Hence: A poet; as, the bard of Avon.

BARD; BARDE Bard, Barde, n. Etym: [F. barde, of doubtful origin.]

1. A piece of defensive (or, sometimes, ornamental) armor for a horse's neck, breast, and flanks; a barb. [Often in the pl.]

2. pl.

Defn: Defensive armor formerly worn by a man at arms.

3. (Cookery)

Defn: A thin slice of fat bacon used to cover any meat or game.

BARD Bard, v. t. (Cookery)

Defn: To cover (meat or game) with a thin slice of fat bacon.

BARD Bard, n. Etym: [Akin to Dan. & Sw. bark, Icel. börkr, LG. & HG. borke.]

1. The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree; the rind.

2. Specifically, Peruvian bark. Bark bed. See Bark stove (below). -- Bark pit, a pit filled with bark and water, in which hides are steeped in tanning. -- Bark stove (Hort.), a glazed structure for keeping tropical plants, having a bed of tanner's bark (called a bark bed) or other fermentable matter which produces a moist heat.

BARDED Bard"ed, p.a. Etym: [See Bard horse armor.]

1. Accoutered with defensive armor; -- said of a horse.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Wearing rich caparisons. Fifteen hundred men . . . barded and richly trapped. Stow.

BARDIC Bard"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to bards, or their poetry. "The bardic lays of ancient Greece." G. P. Marsh.

BARDIGLIO Bar*di"glio, n. [It.]

Defn: An Italian marble of which the principal varieties occur in the neighborhood of Carrara and in Corsica. It commonly shows a dark gray or bluish ground traversed by veins.

BARDISH Bard"ish, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or written by, a bard or bards. "Bardish impostures." Selden.

BARDISM Bard"ism, n.

Defn: The system of bards; the learning and maxims of bards.

BARDLING Bard"ling, n.

Defn: An inferior bard. J. Cunningham.

BARDSHIP Bard"ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a bard.

BARE Bare, a. Etym: [OE. bar, bare, AS. bær; akin to D. & G. baar, OHG. par, Icel. berr, Sw. & Dan. bar, OSlav. bos barefoot, Lith. basas; cf. Skr. bhas to shine

1. Without clothes or covering; stripped of the usual covering; naked; as, his body is bare; the trees are bare.

2. With head uncovered; bareheaded. When once thy foot enters the church, be bare. Herbert.

3. Without anything to cover up or conceal one's thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed. Bare in thy guilt, how foul must thou appear ! Milton.

4. Plain; simple; unadorned; without polish; bald; meager. "Uttering bare truth." Shak.

5. Destitute; indigent; empty; unfurnished or scantily furnished; -- used with of (rarely with in) before the thing wanting or taken away; as, a room bare of furniture. "A bare treasury." Dryden.

6. Threadbare; much worn. It appears by their bare liveries that they live by your bare words. Shak.

7. Mere; alone; unaccompanied by anything else; as, a bare majority. "The bare necessaries of life." Addison. Nor are men prevailed upon by bare of naked truth. South. Under bare poles (Naut.), having no sail set.

BARE Bare, n.

1. Surface; body; substance. [R.] You have touched the very bare of naked truth. Marston.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: That part of a roofing slate, shingle, tile, or metal plate, which is exposed to the weather.

BARE Bare, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bared(p. pr. & vb. n. Baring.] Etym: [AS. barian. See Bare, a.]

Defn: To strip off the covering of; to make bare; as, to bare the breast.

BARE Bare.

Defn: Bore; the old preterit of Bear, v.

BAREBACK Bare"back`, adv.

Defn: On the bare back of a horse, without using a saddle; as, to ride bareback.

BAREBACKED Bare"backed`, a.

Defn: Having the back uncovered; as, a barebacked horse.

BAREBONE Bare"bone`, n.

Defn: A very lean person; one whose bones show through the skin. Shak.

BAREFACED Bare"faced`, a.

1. With the face uncovered; not masked. "You will play barefaced." Shak.

2. Without concealment; undisguised. Hence: Shameless; audacious. "Barefaced treason." J. Baillie.

BAREFACEDLY Bare"faced`ly, adv.

Defn: Openly; shamelessly. Locke.

BAREFACEDNESS Bare"faced`ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being barefaced; shamelessness; assurance; audaciousness.

BAREFOOT Bare"foot, a. & adv.

Defn: With the feet bare; without shoes or stockings.

BAREFOOTED Bare"foot`ed, a.

Defn: Having the feet bare.

BAREGE Ba*rége", n. Etym: [F. barége, so called from Baréges, a town in the Pyrenees.]

Defn: A gauzelike fabric for ladies' dresses, veils, etc. of worsted, silk and worsted, or cotton and worsted.

BAREHANDED Bare"hand`ed, n.

Defn: Having bare hands.

BAREHEADED; BAREHEAD Bare"head`ed, Bare"head, a. & adv.

Defn: Having the head uncovered; as, a bareheaded girl.

BARELEGGED Bare"legged`, a.

Defn: Having the legs bare.

BARELY Bare"ly, adv.

1. Without covering; nakedly.

2. Without concealment or disguise.

3. Merely; only. R. For now his son is duke. W. Barely in title, not in revenue. Shak.

4. But just; without any excess; with nothing to spare ( of quantity, time, etc.); hence, scarcely; hardly; as, there was barely enough for all; he barely escaped.

BARENECKED Bare"necked`, a.

Defn: Having the neck bare.

BARENESS Bare"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being bare.

BARESARK Bare"sark, n. Etym: [Literally, bare sark or shirt.]

Defn: A Berserker, or Norse warrior who fought without armor, or shirt of mail. Hence, adverbially: Without shirt of mail or armor.

BARFISH Bar"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Calico bass.

BARFUL Bar"ful, a.

Defn: Full of obstructions. [Obs.] Shak.

BARGAIN Bar"gain, n. Etym: [OE. bargayn, bargany, OF. bargaigne, bargagne, prob. from a supposed LL. barcaneum, fr. barca a boat which carries merchandise to the shore; hence, to traffic to and fro, to carry on commerce in general. See Bark a vessel. ]

1. An agreement between parties concerning the sale of property; or a contract by which one party binds himself to transfer the right to some property for a consideration, and the other party binds himself to receive the property and pay the consideration. A contract is a bargain that is legally binding. Wharton.

2. An agreement or stipulation; mutual pledge. And whon your honors mean to solemnize The bargain of your faith. Shak.

3. A purchase; also ( when not qualified), a gainful transaction; an advantageous purchase; as, to buy a thing at a bargain.

4. The thing stipulated or purchased; also, anything bought cheap. She was too fond of her most filthy bargain. Shak. Bargain and sale (Law), a species of conveyance, by which the bargainor contracts to convey the lands to the bargainee, and becomes by such contract a trustee for and seized to the use of the bargainee. The statute then completes the purchase; i.e., the bargain vests the use, and the statute vests the possession. Blackstone. -- Into the bargain, over and above what is stipulated; besides. -- To sell bargains, to make saucy ( usually indelicate) repartees. [Obs.] Swift. -- To strike a bargain, to reach or ratify an agreement. "A bargain was struck." Macaulay.

Syn. -- Contract; stipulation; purchase; engagement.

BARGAIN Bar"gain, v. i. Etym: [OE. barganien, OF. bargaigner, F. barguigner, to hesitate, fr. LL. barcaniare. See Bargain, n.]

Defn: To make a bargain; to make a contract for the exchange of property or services; -- followed by with and for; as, to bargain with a farmer for a cow. So worthless peasants bargain for their wives. Shak.

BARGAIN Bar"gain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bargained (p. pr. & vb. n. Bargaining.]

Defn: To transfer for a consideration; to barter; to trade; as, to bargain one horse for another. To bargain away, to dispose of in a bargain; -- usually with a sense of loss or disadvantage; as, to bargain away one's birthright. "The heir . . . had somehow bargained away the estate." G. Eliot.

BARGAINEE Bar`gain*ee", n. Etym: [OF. bargaigné, p.p. See Bargain, v. i.] (Law)

Defn: The party to a contract who receives, or agrees to receive, the property sold. Blackstone.

BARGAINER Bar"gain*er, n.

Defn: One who makes a bargain; -- sometimes in the sense of bargainor.

BARGAINOR Bar`gain*or", n. (Law)

Defn: One who makes a bargain, or contracts with another; esp., one who sells, or contracts to sell, property to another. Blackstone.

BARGE Barge, n. Etym: [OF. barge, F. berge, fr. LL. barca, for barica (not found), prob. fr. L. baris an Egyptian rowboat, fr. Gr. , prob. fr. Egyptian: cf. Coptic bari a boat. Cf. Bark a vessel.]

1. A pleasure boat; a vessel or boat of state, elegantly furnished and decorated.

2. A large, roomy boat for the conveyance of passengers or goods; as, a ship's barge; a charcoal barge.

3. A large boat used by flag officers.

4. A double-decked passenger or freight vessel, towed by a steamboat. [U.S.]

5. A large omnibus used for excursions. [Local, U.S.]

BARGEBOARD Barge"board`, n. Etym: [Perh. corrup. of vergeboard; or cf. LL. bargus a kind of gallows.]

Defn: A vergeboard.

BARGECOURSE Barge"course`, n. Etym: [See Bargeboard.] (Arch.)

Defn: A part of the tiling which projects beyond the principal rafters, in buildings where there is a gable. Gwilt.

BARGEE Bar*gee", n.

Defn: A bargeman. [Eng.]

BARGEMAN Barge"man, n.

Defn: The man who manages a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.

BARGEMASTTER Barge"mast`ter, n.

Defn: The proprietor or manager of a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.

BARGER Bar"ger, n.

Defn: The manager of a barge. [Obs.]

BARGHEST Bar"ghest`, n. Etym: [Perh. G. berg mountain + geist demon, or bär a bear + geist.]

Defn: A goblin, in the shape of a large dog, portending misfortune. [Also written barguest.]

BARIA Ba"ri*a, n. Etym: [Cf. Barium.] (Chem.)

Defn: Baryta.

BARIC Bar"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to barium; as, baric oxide.

BARIC Bar"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. weight.] (Physics)

Defn: Of or pertaining to weight, esp. to the weight or pressure of the atmosphere as measured by the barometer.

BARILLA Ba*ril"la, n. Etym: [Sp. barrilla.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to several species of Salsola from which soda is made, by burning the barilla in heaps and lixiviating the ashes.

2. (Com.) (a) The alkali produced from the plant, being an impure carbonate of soda, used for making soap, glass, etc., and for bleaching purposes. (b) Impure soda obtained from the ashes of any seashore plant, or kelp. Ure. Copper barilla (Min.), native copper in granular form mixed with sand, an ore brought from Bolivia; -- called also Barilla de cobre.

BARILLET Bar"il*let, n. Etym: [F., dim. of baril barrel.]

Defn: A little cask, or something resembling one. Smart.

BAR IRON Bar" i`ron.

Defn: See under Iron.

BARITE Ba"rite, n. (Min.)

Defn: Native sulphate of barium, a mineral occurring in transparent, colorless, white to yellow crystals (generally tabular), also in granular form, and in compact massive forms resembling marble. It has a high specific gravity, and hence is often called heavy spar. It is a common mineral in metallic veins.

BARITONE Bar"i*tone, a. & n.

Defn: See Barytone.

BARIUM Ba"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. bary`s heavy.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of the elements, belonging to the alkaline earth group; a metal having a silver-white color, and melting at a very high temperature. It is difficult to obtain the pure metal, from the facility with which it becomes oxidized in the air. Atomic weight, 137. Symbol, Ba. Its oxide called baryta. [Rarely written barytum.]

Note: Some of the compounds of this element are remarkable for their high specific gravity, as the sulphate, called heavy spar, and the like. The oxide was called barote, by Guyton de Morveau, which name was changed by Lavoisier to baryta, whence the name of the metal.

BARK Bark, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barked (p. pr. & vb. n. Barking.]

1. To strip the bark from; to peel.

2. To abrade or rub off any outer covering from; as to bark one's heel.

3. To girdle. See Girdle, v. t., 3.

4. To cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark; as, to bark the roof of a hut.

BARK Bark, v. i. Etym: [OE. berken, AS. beorcan; akin to Icel. berkja, and prob. to E. break.]

1. To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs; -- said of some animals, but especially of dogs.

2. To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries. They bark, and say the Scripture maketh heretics. Tyndale. Where there is the barking of the belly, there no other commands will be heard, much less obeyed. Fuller.

BARK Bark, n.

Defn: The short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog; a similar sound made by some other animals.

BARK; BARQUE Bark, Barque, n. Etym: [F. barque, fr. Sp. or It. barca, fr. LL. barca for barica. See Barge.]

1. Formerly, any small sailing vessel, as a pinnace, fishing smack, etc.; also, a rowing boat; a barge. Now applied poetically to a sailing vessel or boat of any kind. Byron.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast squarerigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged.

BARKANTINE Bark"an*tine, n.

Defn: Same as Barkentine.

BARK BEETLE Bark" bee`tle. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small beetle of many species (family Scolytidæ), which in the larval state bores under or in the bark of trees, often doing great damage.

BARKBOUND Bark"bound`, a.

Defn: Prevented from growing, by having the bark too firm or close.

BARKEEPER Bar"keep`er, n.

Defn: One who keeps or tends a bar for the sale of liquors.

BARKEN Bark"en, a.

Defn: Made of bark. [Poetic] Whittier.

BARKENTINE Bark"en*tine, n. Etym: [See Bark, n., a vessel.] (Naut.)

Defn: A threemasted vessel, having the foremast square-rigged, and the others schooner-rigged. [Spelled also barquentine, barkantine, etc.] See Illust. in Append.

BARKER Bark"er, n.

1. An animal that barks; hence, any one who clamors unreasonably.

2. One who stands at the doors of shops to urg [Cant, Eng.]

3. A pistol. [Slang] Dickens.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The spotted redshank.

BARKER Bark"er, n.

Defn: One who strips trees of their bark.

BARKER'S MILL Bark"er's mill`. Etym: [From Dr. Barker, the inventor.]

Defn: A machine, invented in the 17th century, worked by a form of reaction wheel. The water flows into a vertical tube and gushes from apertures in hollow horizontal arms, causing the machine to revolve on its axis.

BARKERY Bark"er*y, n.

Defn: A tanhouse.

BARKING IRONS Bark"ing i`rons.

1. Instruments used in taking off the bark of trees. Gardner.

2. A pair of pistols. [Slang]

BARKLESS Bark"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of bark.

BARK LOUSE Bark" louse`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An insect of the family Coccidæ, which infests the bark of trees and vines.

Note: The wingless females assume the shape of scales. The bark louse of vine is Pulvinaria innumerabilis; that of the pear is Lecanium pyri. See Orange scale.

BARKY Bark"y, a.

Defn: Covered with, or containing, bark. "The barky fingers of the elm." Shak.

BARLEY Bar"ley, n. Etym: [OE. barli, barlich, AS. bærlic; bere barley + lic (which is prob. the same as E. like, adj., or perh. a form of AS. leac leek). AS. bere is akin to Icel, barr barley, Goth. barizeins made of barley, L. far spelt; cf. W. barlys barley, bara bread. Farina, 6th Bear.] (Bot.)

Defn: A valuable grain, of the family of grasses, genus Hordeum, used for food, and for making malt, from which are prepared beer, ale, and whisky. Barley bird (Zoöl.), the siskin. -- Barley sugar, sugar boiled till it is brittle (formerly with a decoction of barley) and candied. -- Barley water, a decoction of barley, used in medicine, as a nutritive and demulcent.

BARLEYBRAKE; BARLEYBREAK Bar"ley*brake` Bar"ley*break`, n.

Defn: An ancient rural game, commonly played round stacks of barley, or other grain, in which some of the party attempt to catch others who run from a goal.

BARLEY-BREE Bar"ley-bree`, n. Etym: [Lit. barley broth. See Brew.]

Defn: Liquor made from barley; strong ale. [Humorous] [Scot.] Burns.

BARLEYCORN Bar"ley*corn`, n. Etym: [See Corn.]

1. A grain or "corn" of barley.

2. Formerly , a measure of length, equal to the average length of a grain of barley; the third part of an inch. John Barleycorn, a humorous personification of barley as the source of malt liquor or whisky.

BARM Barm, n. Etym: [OE. berme, AS. beorma; akin to Sw. bärma, G. bärme, and prob. L. fermenium. *93.]

Defn: Foam rising upon beer, or other malt liquors, when fermenting, and used as leaven in making bread and in brewing; yeast. Shak.

BARM Barm, n. Etym: [OE. bearm, berm, barm, AS. beorma; akin to E. bear to support.]

Defn: The lap or bosom. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BARMAID Bar"maid`, n.

Defn: A girl or woman who attends the customers of a bar, as in a tavern or beershop. A bouncing barmaid. W. Irving.

BARMASTER Bar"mas`ter, n. Etym: [Berg + master: cf. G. Bergmeister.]

Defn: Formerly, a local judge among miners; now, an officer of the barmote. [Eng.]

BARMCLOTH Barm"cloth`, n.

Defn: Apron. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BARMECIDAL Bar"me*ci`dal, a. Etym: [See Barmecide.]

Defn: Unreal; illusory. "A sort of Barmecidal feast." Hood.

BARMECIDE Bar"me*cide, n. Etym: [A prince of the Barmecide family, who, as related in the "Arabian Nights' Tales", pretended to set before the hungry Shacabac food, on which the latter pretended to feast.]

Defn: One who proffers some illusory advantage or benefit. Also used as an adj.: Barmecidal. "A Barmecide feast." Dickens.

BARMOTE Bar"mote`, n. Etym: [Barg + mote meeting.]

Defn: A court held in Derbyshire, in England, for deciding controversies between miners. Blount.

BARMY Barm"y, a.

Defn: Full of barm or froth; in a ferment. "Barmy beer." Dryden.

BARMY Barm"y (bärm"y), a.

Defn: Full of barm or froth; in a ferment. "Barmy beer." Dryden.

BARN Barn, n. Etym: [OE. bern, AS. berern, bern; bere barley + ern, ærn, a close place. Barley.]

Defn: A covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, and other productions of a farm. In the United States a part of the barn is often used for stables. Barn owl (Zoöl.), an owl of Europe and America (Aluco flammeus, or Strix flammea), which frequents barns and other buildings. -- Barn swallow (Zoöl.), the common American swallow (Hirundo horreorum), which attaches its nest of mud to the beams and rafters of barns.

BARN Barn, v. t.

Defn: To lay up in a barn. [Obs.] Shak. Men . . . often barn up the chaff, and burn up the grain. Fuller.

BARN Barn, n.

Defn: A child. [Obs.] See Bairn.

BARNABITE Bar"na*bite, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A member of a religious order, named from St. Barnabas.

BARNACLE Bar"na*cle, n. Etym: [Prob. from E. barnacle a kind of goose, which was popularly supposed to grow from this shellfish; but perh. from LL. bernacula for pernacula, dim. of perna ham, sea mussel; cf. Gr. ham Cf. F. bernacle, barnacle, E. barnacle a goose; and Ir. bairneach, barneach, limpet.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any cirriped crustacean adhering to rocks, floating timber, ships, etc., esp. (a) the sessile species (genus Balanus and allies), and (b) the stalked or goose barnacles (genus Lepas and allies). See Cirripedia, and Goose barnacle. Barnacle eater (Zoöl.), the orange filefish. -- Barnacle scale (Zoöl.), a bark louse (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) of the orange and quince trees in Florida. The female scale curiously resembles a sessile barnacle in form.

BARNACLE Bar"na*cle, n. Etym: [See Bernicle.]

Defn: A bernicle goose.

BARNACLE Bar"na*cle, n. Etym: [OE. bernak, bernacle; cf. OF. bernac, and Prov. F. (Berri) berniques, spectacles.]

1. pl. (Far.)

Defn: An instrument for pinching a horse's nose, and thus restraining him.

Note: [Formerly used in the sing.] The barnacles . . . give pain almost equal to that of the switch. Youatt.

2. pl.

Defn: Spectacles; -- so called from their resemblance to the barnacles used by farriers. [Cant, Eng.] Dickens.

BARNBURNER Barn"burn`er, n. [So called in allusion to the fable of the man who burned his barn in order to rid it of rats.]

Defn: A member of the radical section of the Democratic party in New York, about the middle of the 19th century, which was hostile to extension of slavery, public debts, corporate privileges, etc., and supported Van Buren against Cass for president in 1848; --opposed to Hunker. [Political Cant, U. S.]

BARNSTORMER Barn"storm`er, n. [Barn + storm, v.]

Defn: An itinerant theatrical player who plays in barns when a theatre is lacking; hence, an inferior actor, or one who plays in the country away from the larger cities. --Barn"storm`ing, n. [Theatrical Cant]

BARNYARD Barn"yard`, n.

Defn: A yard belonging to a barn.

BAROCCO Ba*roc"co, a. Etym: [It.] (Arch.)

Defn: See Baroque.

BAROCYCLONOMETER Bar`o*cy`clon*om"e*ter, n. [Gr. weight + cyclone + -meter.] (Meteorol.)

Defn: An aneroid barometer for use with accompanying graphic diagrams and printed directions designed to aid mariners to interpret the indications of the barometer so as to determine the existence of a violent storm at a distance of several hundred miles.

BAROGRAM Bar"o*gram, n. [Gr. weight + -gram.] (Meteor.)

Defn: A tracing, usually made by the barograph, showing graphically the variations of atmospheric pressure for a given time.

BAROGRAPH Bar"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + -graph.] (Meteor.)

Defn: An instrument for recording automatically the variations of atmospheric pressure.

BAROKO Ba*ro"ko, n. Etym: [A mnemonic word.] (Logic)

Defn: A form or mode of syllogism of which the first proposition is a universal affirmative, and the other two are particular negative.

BAROLOGY Ba*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + -logy.]

Defn: The science of weight or gravity.

BAROMACROMETER Bar`o*ma*crom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + long + -meter.] (Med.)

Defn: An instrument for ascertaining the weight and length of a newborn infant.

BAROMETER Ba*rom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + -meter: cf. F. baromètre.]

Defn: An instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere, and hence for judging of the probable changes of weather, or for ascertaining the height of any ascent.

Note: The barometer was invented by Torricelli at Florence about 1643. It is made in its simplest form by filling a graduated glass tube about 34 inches long with mercury and inverting it in a cup containing mercury. The column of mercury in the tube descends until balanced by the weight of the atmosphere, and its rise or fall under varying conditions is a measure of the change in the atmospheric pressure. At the sea level its ordinary height is about 30 inches (760 millimeters). See Sympiesometer. Nichol. Aneroid barometer. See Aneroid barometer, under Aneroid. -- Marine barometer, a barometer with tube contracted at bottom to prevent rapid oscillations of the mercury, and suspended in gimbals from an arm or support on shipboard. -- Mountain barometer, a portable mercurial barometer with tripod support, and long scale, for measuring heights. -- Siphon barometer, a barometer having a tube bent like a hook with the longer leg closed at the top. The height of the mercury in the longer leg shows the pressure of the atmosphere. -- Wheel barometer, a barometer with recurved tube, and a float, from which a cord passes over a pulley and moves an index.

BAROMETRIC; BAROMETRICAL Bar`o*met"ric, Bar`o*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the barometer; made or indicated by a barometer; as, barometric changes; barometrical observations.

BAROMETRICALLY Bar`o*met"ric*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By means of a barometer, or according to barometric observations.

BAROMETROGRAPH Bar`o*met"ro*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + measure + -graph.]

Defn: A form of barometer so constructed as to inscribe of itself upon paper a record of the variations of atmospheric pressure.

BAROMETRY Ba*rom"e*try, n.

Defn: The art or process of making barometrical measurements.

BAROMETZ Bar"o*metz, n. Etym: [Cf. Russ. baranets' clubmoss.] (Bot.)

Defn: The woolly-skinned rhizoma or rootstock of a fern (Dicksonia barometz), which, when specially prepared and inverted, somewhat resembles a lamb; -- called also Scythian lamb.

BARON Bar"on, n. Etym: [OE. baron, barun, OF. baron, accus. of ber, F. baron, prob. fr. OHG. baro (not found) bearer, akin to E. bear to support; cf. O. Frisian bere, LL. baro, It. barone, Sp. varon. From the meaning bearer (of burdens) seem to have come the senses strong man, man (in distinction from woman), which is the oldest meaning in French, and lastly, nobleman. Cf. L. baro, simpleton. See Bear to support.]

1. A title or degree of nobility; originally, the possessor of a fief, who had feudal tenants under him; in modern times, in France and Germany, a nobleman next in rank below a count; in England, a nobleman of the lowest grade in the House of Lords, being next below a viscount.

Note: "The tenants in chief from the Crown, who held lands of the annual value of four hundred pounds, were styled Barons; and it is to them, and not to the members of the lowest grade of the nobility (to whom the title at the present time belongs), that reference is made when we read of the Barons of the early days of England's history . . . . Barons are addressed as 'My Lord,' and are styled 'Right Honorable.' All their sons and daughters 'Honorable.'" Cussans.

2. (Old Law)

Defn: A husband; as, baron and feme, husband and wife. [R.] Cowell. Baron of beef, two sirloins not cut asunder at the backbone. -- Barons of the Cinque Ports, formerly members of the House of Commons, elected by the seven Cinque Ports, two for each port. -- Baron of the exchequer, the judges of the Court of Exchequer, one of the three ancient courts of England, now abolished.

BARONAGE Bar"on*age, n. Etym: [OE. barnage, baronage, OF.barnage, F. baronnage; cf. LL. baronagium.]

1. The whole body of barons or peers. The baronage of the kingdom. Bp. Burnet.

2. The dignity or rank of a baron.

3. The land which gives title to a baron. [Obs.]

BARONESS Bar"on*ess, n.

Defn: A baron's wife; also, a lady who holds the baronial title in her own right; as, the Baroness Burdett-Coutts.

BARONET Bar"on*et, n. Etym: [Baron + -et.]

Defn: A dignity or degree of honor next below a baron and above a knight, having precedency of all orders of knights except those of the Garter. It is the lowest degree of honor that is hereditary. The baronets are commoners.

Note: The order was founded by James I. in 1611, and is given by patent. The word, however, in the sense of a lesser baron, was in use long before. "Baronets have the title of 'Sir' prefixed to their Christian names; their surnames being followed by their dignity, usually abbreviated Bart. Their wives are addressed as 'Lady' or 'Madam'. Their sons are possessed of no title beyond 'Esquire.'" Cussans.

BARONETAGE Bar"on*et*age, n.

1. State or rank of a baronet.

2. The collective body of baronets.

BARONETCY Bar"on*et*cy, n.

Defn: The rank or patent of a baronet.

BARONG Ba*rong", n. [Native name.]

Defn: A kind of cutting weapon with a thick back and thin razorlike edge, used by the Moros of the Philippine Islands.

BARONIAL Ba*ro"ni*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a baron or a barony. "Baronial tenure." Hallam.

BARONY Bar"o*ny, n.; pl. Baronies (. Etym: [OF. baronie, F. baronnie, LL. baronia. See Baron.]

1. The fee or domain of a baron; the lordship, dignity, or rank of a baron.

2. In Ireland, a territorial division, corresponding nearly to the English hundred, and supposed to have been originally the district of a native chief. There are 252 of these baronies. In Scotland, an extensive freehold. It may be held by a commoner. Brande & C.

BAROQUE Ba*roque", a. Etym: [F.; cf. It. barocco.] (Arch.)

Defn: In bad taste; grotesque; odd.

BAROSCOPE Bar"o*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + -scope: cf. F. baroscope.]

Defn: Any instrument showing the changes in the weight of the atmosphere; also, less appropriately, any instrument that indicates - or foreshadows changes of the weather, as a deep vial of liquid holding in suspension some substance which rises and falls with atmospheric changes.

BAROSCOPIC; BAROSCOPICAL Bar`o*scop"ic, Bar`o*scop"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or determined by, the baroscope.

BAROTHERMOGRAPH Bar`o*ther"mo*graph, n. [Gr. weight + thermograph.]

Defn: An instrument for recording both pressure and temperature, as of the atmosphere.

BAROUCHE Ba*rouche", n. Etym: [G. barutsche, It. baroccio, biroccio, LL. barrotium, fr. L. birotus two-wheeled; bi=bis twice + rota wheel.]

Defn: A four-wheeled carriage, with a falling top, a seat on the outside for the driver, and two double seats on the inside arranged so that the sitters on the front seat face those on the back seat.

BAROUCHET Ba`rou*chet", n.

Defn: A kind of light barouche.

BARPOST Bar"post`, n.

Defn: A post sunk in the ground to receive the bars closing a passage into a field.

BARQUE Barque, n.

Defn: Same as 3d Bark, n.

BARRACAN Bar"ra*can, n. Etym: [F. baracan, bouracan (cf. Pr. barracan, It. baracane, Sp. barragan, Pg. barregana, LL. barracanus), fr. Ar. barrakan a kind of black gown, perh. fr. Per. barak a garment made of camel's hair.]

Defn: A thick, strong stuff, somewhat like camlet; -- still used for outer garments in the Levant.

BARRACK Bar"rack, n. Etym: [F. baraque, fr. It. baracca (cf. Sp. barraca), from LL. barra bar. See Bar, n.]

1. (Mil.)

Defn: A building for soldiers, especially when in garrison. Commonly in the pl., originally meaning temporary huts, but now usually applied to a permanent structure or set of buildings. He lodged in a miserable hut or barrack, composed of dry branches and thatched with straw. Gibbon.

2. A movable roof sliding on four posts, to cover hay, straw, etc. [Local, U.S.]

BARRACK Bar"rack, v. t.

Defn: To supply with barracks; to establish in barracks; as, to barrack troops.

BARRACK Bar"rack, v. i.

Defn: To live or lodge in barracks.

BARRACLADE Bar"ra*clade, n. Etym: [D. baar, OD. baer, naked, bare + kleed garment, i.e., cloth undressed or without nap.]

Defn: A home-made woolen blanket without nap. [Local, New York] Bartlett.

BARRACOON Bar"ra*coon`, n. Etym: [Sp. or Pg. barraca. See Barrack.]

Defn: A slave warehouse, or an inclosure where slaves are quartered temporarily. Du Chaillu.

BARRACUDA; BARRACOUTA Bar`ra*cu"da, Bar`ra*cou"ta, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A voracious pikelike, marine fish, of the genus Sphyræna, sometimes used as food.

Note: That of Europe and our Atlantic coast is Sphyræna spet (or S. vulgaris); a southern species is S. picuda; the Californian is S. argentea.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large edible fresh-water fish of Australia and New Zealand (Thyrsites atun).

BARRAGE Bar"rage, n. Etym: [F., fr. barrer to bar, from barre bar.] (Engin.)

Defn: An artificial bar or obstruction placed in a river or water course to increase the depth of water; as, the barrages of the Nile.

BARRAMUNDI Bar`ra*mun"di, n. [Written also barramunda.] [Native name.] (Zoöl.) (a) A remarkable Australian fresh-water ganoid fish of the genus Ceratodus. (b) An Australian river fish (Osteoglossum Leichhardtii).

BARRANCA Bar*ran"ca, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: A ravine caused by heavy rains or a watercourse. [Texas & N. Mex.]

BARRAS Bar"ras, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A resin, called also galipot.

BARRATOR Bar"ra*tor, n. Etym: [OE. baratour, OF. barateor deceiver, fr. OF. barater, bareter, to deceive, cheat, barter. See Barter, v. i.]

Defn: One guilty of barratry.

BARRATROUS Bar"ra*trous, (Law)

Defn: Tainter with, or constituting, barratry. -- Bar"ra*trous*ly, adv. Kent.

BARRATRY Bar"ra*try, n. Etym: [Cf. F. baraterie, LL. barataria. See Barrator, and cf. Bartery.]

1. (Law)

Defn: The practice of exciting and encouraging lawsuits and quarrels. [Also spelt barretry.] Coke. Blackstone.

2. (Mar. Law)

Defn: A fraudulent breach of duty or willful act of known illegality on the part of a master of a ship, in his character of master, or of the mariners, to the injury of the owner of the ship or cargo, and without his consent. It includes every breach of trust committed with dishonest purpose, as by running away with the ship, sinking or deserting her, etc., or by embezzling the cargo. Kent. Part.

3. (Scots Law)

Defn: The crime of a judge who is influenced by bribery in pronouncing judgment. Wharton.

BARRED OWL Barred" owl". (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large American owl (Syrnium nebulosum); -- so called from the transverse bars of a dark brown color on the breast.

BARREL Bar"rel, n.Etym: [OE. barel, F. baril, prob. fr. barre bar. Cf. Barricade.]

1. A round vessel or cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends or heads.

2. The quantity which constitutes a full barrel. This varies for different articles and also in different places for the same article, being regulated by custom or by law. A barrel of wine is 31

3. A solid drum, or a hollow cylinder or case; as, the barrel of a windlass; the barrel of a watch, within which the spring is coiled.

4. A metallic tube, as of a gun, from which a projectile is discharged. Knight.

5. A jar. [Obs.] 1 Kings xvii. 12.

6. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The hollow basal part of a feather. Barrel bulk (Com.), a measure equal to five cubic feet, used in estimating capacity, as of a vessel for freight. -- Barrel drain (Arch.), a drain in the form of a cylindrical tube. -- Barrel of a boiler, the cylindrical part of a boiler, containing the flues. -- Barrel of the ear (Anat.), the tympanum, or tympanic cavity. -- Barrel organ, an instrument for producing music by the action of a revolving cylinder. -- Barrel vault. See under Vault.

BARREL Bar"rel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barreled (Barrelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Barreling, or Barrelling.]

Defn: To put or to pack in a barrel or barrels.

BARRELED; BARRELLED Bar"reled, Bar"relled, a.

Defn: Having a barrel; -- used in composition; as, a double-barreled gun.

BARREL PROCESS Bar"rel proc"ess. (Metal.)

Defn: A process of extracting gold or silver by treating the ore in a revolving barrel, or drum, with mercury, chlorine, cyanide solution, or other reagent.

BARREN Bar"ren, a. Etym: [OE. barein, OF. brehaing, brehaigne, baraigne, F. bréhaigne; of uncertain origin; cf. Arm. brékha, markha, sterile; LL. brana a sterile mare, principally in Aquitanian and Spanish documents; Bisc. barau, baru, fasting.]

1. Incapable of producing offspring; producing no young; sterile; -- She was barren of children. Bp. Hall.

2. Not producing vegetation, or useful vegetation; "Barren mountain tracts." Macaulay.

3. Unproductive; fruitless; unprofitable; empty. Brilliant but barren reveries. Prescott. Some schemes will appear barren of hints and matter. Swift.

4. Mentally dull; stupid. Shak. Barren flower, a flower which has only stamens without a pistil, or which as neither stamens nor pistils. -- Barren Grounds (Geog.), a vast tract in British America northward of the forest regions. -- Barren Ground bear (Zoöl.), a peculiar bear, inhabiting the Barren Grounds, now believed to be a variety of the brown bear of Europe. -- Barren Ground caribou (Zoöl.), a small reindeer (Rangifer Groenlandicus) peculiar to the Barren Grounds and Greenland.

BARREN Bar"ren, n.

1. A tract of barren land.

2. pl.

Defn: Elevated lands or plains on which grow small trees, but not timber; as, pine barrens; oak barrens. They are not necessarily sterile, and are often fertile. [Amer.] J. Pickering.

BARRENLY Bar"ren*ly, adv.

Defn: Unfruitfully; unproductively.

BARRENNESS Bar"ren*ness, n.

Defn: The condition of being barren; sterility; unproductiveness. A total barrenness of invention. Dryden.

BARRENWORT Bar"ren*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An herbaceous plant of the Barberry family (Epimedium alpinum), having leaves that are bitter and said to be sudorific.

BARRET Bar"ret, n. Etym: [F. barrette, LL. barretum a cap. See Berretta, and cf. Biretta.]

Defn: A kind of cap formerly worn by soldiers; -- called also barret cap. Also, the flat cap worn by Roman Catholic ecclesiastics.

BARRETTER Bar"ret*ter, n. [OF. bareter to exchange. Cf. Barter.] (Wireless Teleg.)

Defn: A thermal cymoscope which operates by increased resistance when subjected to the influence of electric waves. The original form consisted of an extremely fine platinum wire loop attached to terminals and inclosed in a small glass or silver bulb. In a later variety, called the liquid barretter, wire is replace by a column of liquid in a very fine capillary tube.

BARRICADE Bar`ri*cade", n. Etym: [F. barricade, fr. Sp. barricada, orig. a barring up with casks; fr. barrica cask, perh. fr. LL. barra bar. See Bar, n., and cf. Barrel, n.]

1. (Mil.)

Defn: A fortification, made in haste, of trees, earth, palisades, wagons, or anything that will obstruct the progress or attack of an enemy. It is usually an obstruction formed in streets to block an enemy's access.

2. Any bar, obstruction, or means of defense. Such a barricade as would greatly annoy, or absolutely stop, the currents of the atmosphere. Derham.

BARRICADE Bar`ri*cade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barricaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Barricading.] Etym: [Cf. F. barricader. See Barricade, n.]

Defn: To fortify or close with a barricade or with barricades; to stop up, as a passage; to obstruct; as, the workmen barricaded the streets of Paris. The further end whereof [a bridge] was barricaded with barrels. Hakluyt.

BARRICADER Bar`ri*cad"er, n.

Defn: One who constructs barricades.

BARRICADO Bar`ri*ca"do, n. & v. t.

Defn: See Barricade. Shak.

BARRIER Bar"ri*er, n. Etym: [OE. barrere, barere, F. barrière, fr. barre bar. See Bar, n.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: A carpentry obstruction, stockade, or other obstacle made in a passage in order to stop an enemy.

2. A fortress or fortified town, on the frontier of a country, commanding an avenue of approach.

3. pl.

Defn: A fence or railing to mark the limits of a place, or to keep back a crowd. No sooner were the barriers opened, than he paced into the lists. Sir W. Scott.

4. An any obstruction; anything which hinders approach or attack. "Constitutional barriers." Hopkinson.

5. Any limit or boundary; a line of separation. 'Twixt that [instinct] and reason, what a nice barrier ! Pope. Barrier gate, a heavy gate to close the opening through a barrier. -- Barrier reef, a form of coral reef which runs in the general direction of the shore, and incloses a lagoon channel more or less extensive. -- To fight at barriers, to fight with a barrier between, as a martial exercise. [Obs.]

BARRIGUDO Bar`ri*gu"do, n. Etym: [Native name, fr. Sp. barrigudo big-bellied.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, dark-colored, South American monkey, of the genus Lagothrix, having a long prehensile tail.

BARRINGOUT Bar`ring*out", n.

Defn: The act of closing the doors of a schoolroom against a schoolmaster; -- a boyish mode of rebellion in schools. Swift.

BARRIO Bar"ri*o, n.; pl. Barrios (#). [Sp.]

Defn: In Spain and countries colonized by Spain, a village, ward, or district outside a town or city to whose jurisdiction it belongs.

BARRISTER Bar"ris*ter, n. Etym: [From Bar, n.]

Defn: Counselor at law; a counsel admitted to plead at the bar, and undertake the public trial of causes, as distinguished from an attorney or solicitor. See Attorney. [Eng.]

BARROOM Bar"room`, n.

Defn: A room containing a bar or counter at which liquors are sold.

BARROW Bar"row, n. Etym: [OE. barow, fr. AS. beran to bear. See Bear to support, and cf. Bier.]

1. A support having handles, and with or without a wheel, on which heavy or bulky things can be transported by hand. See Handbarrow, and Wheelbarrow.

2. (Salt Works)

Defn: A wicker case, in which salt is put to drain.

BARROW Bar"row, n. Etym: [OE. barow, bargh, AS. bearg, bearh; akin to Icel. börgr, OHG. barh, barug, G. barch.

Defn: A hog, esp. a male hog castrated. Holland.

BARROW Bar"row, n. Etym: [OE. bergh, AS. beorg, beorh, hill, sepulchral mound; akin to G. berg mountain, Goth. bairgahei hill, hilly country, and perh. to Skr. b high, OIr. brigh mountain. Cf. Berg, Berry a mound, and Borough an incorporated town.]

1. A large mound of earth or stones over the remains of the dead; a tumulus.

2. (Mining)

Defn: A heap of rubbish, attle, etc.

BARROWIST Bar"row*ist, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Henry Barrowe, one of the founders of Independency or Congregationalism in England. Barrowe was executed for nonconformity in 1953.

BARRULET Bar"ru*let, n. Etym: [Dim. of bar, n.] (Her.)

Defn: A diminutive of the bar, having one fourth its width.

BARRULY Bar"ru*ly, a. (Her.)

Defn: Traversed by barrulets or small bars; -- said of the field.

BARRY Bar"ry, a. (Her.)

Defn: , Divided into bars; -- said of the field.

BARSE Barse, n. Etym: [AS. bears, bærs, akin to D. baars, G. bars, barsch. Cf. 1st Bass, n.]

Defn: The common perch. See 1st Bass. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

BARTENDER Bar"tend`er, n.

Defn: A barkeeper.

BARTER Bar"ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bartered (p. pr. & vb. n. Bartering.] Etym: [OE. bartren, OF. barater, bareter, to cheat, exchange, perh. fr. Gr. to do, deal (well or ill), use practices or tricks, or perh. fr. Celtic; cf. Ir. brath treachery, W. brad. Cf. Barrator.]

Defn: To traffic or trade, by exchanging one commodity for another, in distinction from a sale and purchase, in which money is paid for the commodities transferred; to truck.

BARTER Bar"ter, v. t.

Defn: To trade or exchange in the way of barter; to exchange (frequently for an unworthy consideration); to traffic; to truck; -- sometimes followed by away; as, to barter away goods or honor.

BARTER Bar"ter, n.

1. The act or practice of trafficking by exchange of commodities; an exchange of goods. The spirit of huckstering and barter. Burke.

2. The thing given in exchange.

Syn. -- Exchange; dealing; traffic; trade; truck.

BARTERER Bar"ter*er, n.

Defn: One who barters.

BARTERY Bar"ter*y, n.

Defn: Barter. [Obs.] Camden.

BARTH Barth, n. Etym: [Etymol. unknown.]

Defn: A place of shelter for cattle. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

BARTHOLOMEW TIDE Bar*thol"o*mew tide`.

Defn: Time of the festival of St. Bartholomew, August 24th. Shak.

BARTIZAN Bar"ti*zan`, n. Etym: [Cf. Brettice.] (Arch.)

Defn: A small, overhanging structure for lookout or defense, usually projecting at an angle of a building or near an entrance gateway.

BARTLETT Bart"lett, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A Bartlett pear, a favorite kind of pear, which originated in England about 1770, and was called Williams' Bonchrétien. It was brought to America, and distributed by Mr. Enoch Bartlett, of Dorchester, Massachusetts.

BARTON Bar"ton, n. Etym: [AS. beret courtyard, grange; bere barley + t an inclosure. ]

1. The demesne lands of a manor; also, the manor itself. [Eng.] Burton.

2. A farmyard. [Eng.] Southey.

BARTRAM Bar"tram, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Bertram. Johnson.

BARWAY Bar"way`, n.

Defn: A passage into a field or yard, closed by bars made to take out of the posts.

BARWISE Bar"wise`, adv. (Her.)

Defn: Horizontally.

BARWOOD Bar"wood`, n.

Defn: A red wood of a leguminous tree (Baphia nitida), from Angola and the Gaboon in Africa. It is used as a dyewood, and also for ramrods, violin bows and turner's work.

BARYCENTRIC Bar`y*cen"tric, a. Etym: [Gr. heavy + center.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the center of gravity. See Barycentric calculus, under Calculus.

BARYPHONY Ba*ryph"o*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. heavy + a sound voice.] (Med.)

Defn: Difficulty of speech.

BARYSPHERE Bar"y*sphere, n. [Gr. heavy + sphere.] (Geol.)

Defn: The heavy interior portion of the earth, within the lithosphere.

BARYTA Ba*ry"ta, n. Etym: [Gr. heavy. Cf. Baria.] (Chem.)

Defn: An oxide of barium (or barytum); a heavy earth with a specific gravity above 4.

BARYTES Ba*ry"tes, n. Etym: [Gr. heavy: cf. Gr. heaviness, F. baryte.] (Min.)

Defn: Barium sulphate, generally called heavy spar or barite. See Barite.

BARYTIC Ba*ryt"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to baryta.

BARYTO-CALCITE Ba*ry"to-cal"cite, n. Etym: [Baryta + calcite.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of a white or gray color, occurring massive or crystallized. It is a compound of the carbonates of barium and calcium.

BARYTONE; BARITONE Bar"y*tone, Bar"i*tone, a. Etym: [Gr. ; heavy + tone.]

1. (Mus.)

Defn: Grave and deep, as a kind of male voice.

2. (Greek Gram.)

Defn: Not marked with an accent on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood.

BARYTONE; BARITONE Bar"y*tone, Bar"i*tone, n. Etym: [F. baryton: cf. It. baritono.]

1. (Mus.) (a) A male voice, the compass of which partakes of the common bass and the tenor, but which does not descend as low as the one, nor rise as high as the other. (b) A person having a voice of such range. (c) The viola di gamba, now entirely disused.

2. (Greek Gram.)

Defn: A word which has no accent marked on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood.

BARYTUM Ba*ry"tum, n. Etym: [NL.] (Chem.)

Defn: The metal barium. See Barium. [R.]

BASAL Ba"sal, a.

Defn: Relating to, or forming, the base. Basal cleavage. See under Cleavage. -- Basal plane (Crystallog.), one parallel to the lateral or horizontal axis.

BASAL-NERVED Ba"sal-nerved`, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the nerves radiating from the base; -- said of leaves.

BASALT Ba*salt", n. Etym: [N. basaltes (an African word), a dark and hard species of marble found in Ethiopia: cf. F. basalte.]

1. (Geol.)

Defn: A rock of igneous origin, consisting of augite and triclinic feldspar, with grains of magnetic or titanic iron, and also bottle- green particles of olivine frequently disseminated.

Note: It is usually of a greenish black color, or of some dull brown shade, or black. It constitutes immense beds in some regions, and also occurs in veins or dikes cutting through other rocks. It has often a prismatic structure as at the Giant's Causeway, in Ireland, where the columns are as regular as if the work of art. It is a very tough and heavy rock, and is one of the best materials for macadamizing roads.

2. An imitation, in pottery, of natural basalt; a kind of black porcelain.

BASALTIC Ba*salt"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. basaltique.]

Defn: Pertaining to basalt; formed of, or containing, basalt; as basaltic lava.

BASALTIFORM Ba*salt"i*form, a. Etym: [Basalt + -form.]

Defn: In the form of basalt; columnar.

BASALTOID Ba*salt"oid, a. Etym: [Basalt + -oid.]

Defn: Formed like basalt; basaltiform.

BASAN Bas"an, n.

Defn: Same as Basil, a sheepskin.

BASANITE Bas"a*nite, n. Etym: [L. basanites lapis, Gr. the touchstone: cf. F. basanite.] (Min.)

Defn: Lydian stone, or black jasper, a variety of siliceous or flinty slate, of a grayish or bluish black color. It is employed to test the purity of gold, the amount of alloy being indicated by the color left on the stone when rubbed by the metal.

BASBLEU Bas`bleu", n. Etym: [F., fr. bas stocking + bleu blue.]

Defn: A bluestocking; a literary woman. [Somewhat derisive]

BASCINET Bas"ci*net, n. Etym: [OE. bacinet, basnet, OF. bassinet, bacinet, F. bassinet, dim. of OF. bacin, F. bassin, a helmet in the form of a basin.]

Defn: A light helmet, at first open, but later made with a visor. [Written also basinet, bassinet, basnet.]

BASCULE Bas"cule, n. Etym: [F., a seesaw.]

Defn: In mechanics an apparatus on the principle of the seesaw, in which one end rises as the other falls. Bascule bridge, a counterpoise or balanced drawbridge, which is opened by sinking the counterpoise and thus lifting the footway into the air.

BASE Base, a. Etym: [OE. bass, F. bas, low, fr. LL. bassus thick, fat, short, humble; cf. L. Bassus, a proper name, and W. bas shallow. Cf. Bass a part in music.]

1. Of little, or less than the usual, height; of low growth; as, base shrubs. [Archaic] Shak.

2. Low in place or position. [Obs.] Shak.

3. Of humble birth; or low degree; lowly; mean. [Archaic] "A pleasant and base swain." Bacon.

4. Illegitimate by birth; bastard. [Archaic] Why bastard wherefore base Shak.

5. Of little comparative value, as metal inferior to gold and silver, the precious metals.

6. Alloyed with inferior metal; debased; as, base coin; base bullion.

7. Morally low. Hence: Low-minded; unworthy; without dignity of sentiment; ignoble; mean; illiberal; menial; as, a base fellow; base motives; base occupations. "A cruel act of a base and a cowardish mind." Robynson (More's Utopia). "Base ingratitude." Milton.

8. Not classical or correct. "Base Latin." Fuller.

9. Deep or grave in sound; as, the base tone of a violin. [In this sense, commonly written bass.]

10. (Law)

Defn: Not held by honorable service; as, a base estate, one held by services not honorable; held by villenage. Such a tenure is called base, or low, and the tenant, a base tenant. Base fee, formerly, an estate held at the will of the lord; now, a qualified fee. See note under Fee, n., 4. -- Base metal. See under Metal.