Chapter LI: Bella (61)

Defn: To decline to play in one's turn; in euchre, to decline to make the trump. She would not play, yet must not pass. Prior. To bring to pass, To come to pass. See under Bring, and Come. -- To pass away, to disappear; to die; to vanish. "The heavens shall pass away." 2 Pet. iii. 10. "I thought to pass away before, but yet alive I am." Tennyson. -- To pass by, to go near and beyond a certain person or place; as, he passed by as we stood there. -- To pass into, to change by a gradual transmission; to blend or unite with. -- To pass on, to proceed. -- To pass on or upon. (a) To happen to; to come upon; to affect. "So death passed upon all men." Rom. v. 12. "Provided no indirect act pass upon our prayers to define them." Jer. Taylor. (b) To determine concerning; to give judgment or sentence upon. "We may not pass upon his life." Shak. -- To pass off, to go away; to cease; to disappear; as, an agitation passes off. -- To pass over, to go from one side or end to the other; to cross, as a river, road, or bridge.

PASS Pass, v. t.

1. In simple, transitive senses; as: (a) To go by, beyond, over, through, or the like; to proceed from one side to the other of; as, to pass a house, a stream, a boundary, etc. (b) Hence:

Defn: To go from one limit to the other of; to spend; to live through; to have experience of; to undergo; to suffer. "To pass commodiously this life." Milton. She loved me for the dangers I had passed. Shak.

(c) To go by without noticing; to omit attention to; to take no note of; to disregard. Please you that I may pass This doing. Shak. I pass their warlike pomp, their proud array. Dryden.

(d) To transcend; to surpass; to excel; to exceed. And strive to pass . . . Their native music by her skillful art. Spenser. Whose tender power Passes the strength of storms in their most desolate hour. Byron.

(e) To go successfully through, as an examination, trail, test, etc.; to obtain the formal sanction of, as a legislative body; as, he passed his examination; the bill passed the senate.

2. In causative senses: as: (a) To cause to move or go; to send; to transfer from one person, place, or condition to another; to transmit; to deliver; to hand; to make over; as, the waiter passed bisquit and cheese; the torch was passed from hand to hand. I had only time to pass my eye over the medals. Addison. Waller passed over five thousand horse and foot by Newbridge. Clarendon.

(b) To cause to pass the lips; to utter; to pronounce; hence, to promise; to pledge; as, to pass sentence. Shak. Father, thy word is passed. Milton.

(c) To cause to advance by stages of progress; to carry on with success through an ordeal, examination, or action; specifically, to give legal or official sanction to; to ratify; to enact; to approve as valid and just; as, he passed the bill through the committee; the senate passed the law. (e) To put in circulation; to give currency to; as, to pass counterfeit money. "Pass the happy news." Tennyson. (f) To cause to obtain entrance, admission, or conveyance; as, to pass a person into a theater, or over a railroad.

3. To emit from the bowels; to evacuate.

4. (Naut.)

Defn: To take a turn with (a line, gasket, etc.), as around a sail in furling, and make secure.

5. (Fencing)

Defn: To make, as a thrust, punto, etc. Shak. Passed midshipman. See under Midshipman. -- To pass a dividend, to omit the declaration and payment of a dividend at the time when due. -- To pass away, to spend; to waste. "Lest she pass away the flower of her age." Ecclus. xlii. 9. -- To pass by. (a) To disregard; to neglect. (b) To excuse; to spare; to overlook. -- To pass off, to impose fraudulently; to palm off. "Passed himself off as a bishop." Macaulay. -- To pass (something) on or upon (some one), to put upon as a trick or cheat; to palm off. "She passed the child on her husband for a boy." Dryden. -- To pass over, to overlook; not to note or resent; as, to pass over an affront.

PASS Pass, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pas (for sense 1), and passe, fr. passer to pass. See Pass, v. i.]

1. An opening, road, or track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier; a passageway; a defile; a ford; as, a mountain pass. "Try not the pass!" the old man said. Longfellow.

2. (Fencing)

Defn: A thrust or push; an attempt to stab or strike an adversary. Shak.

3. A movement of the hand over or along anything; the manipulation of a mesmerist.

4. (Rolling Metals)

Defn: A single passage of a bar, rail, sheet, etc., between the rolls.

5. State of things; condition; predicament. Have his daughters brought him to this pass. Shak. Matters have been brought to this pass. South.

6. Permission or license to pass, or to go and come; a psssport; a ticket permitting free transit or admission; as, a railroad or theater pass; a military pass. A ship sailing under the flag and pass of an enemy. Kent.

7. Fig.: a thrust; a sally of wit. Shak.

8. Estimation; character. [Obs.] Common speech gives him a worthy pass. Shak.

9. Etym: [Cf. Passus.]

Defn: A part; a division. [Obs.] Chaucer. Pass boat (Naut.), a punt, or similar boat. -- Pass book. (a) A book in which a trader enters articles bought on credit, and then passes or sends it to the purchaser. (b) See Bank book. -- Pass box (Mil.), a wooden or metallic box, used to carry cartridges from the service magazine to the piece. -- Pass check, a ticket of admission to a place of entertainment, or of readmission for one who goes away in expectation of returning.

PASSABLE Pass"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. passable.]

1. Capable of being passed, traveled, navigated, traversed, penetrated, or the like; as, the roads are not passable; the stream is passablein boats. His body's a passable carcass if it be not hurt; it is a throughfare for steel. Shak.

2. Capable of being freely circulated or disseminated; acceptable; generally receivable; current. With men as with false money -- one piece is more or less passable than another. L'Estrange. Could they have made this slander passable. Collier.

3. Such as may be allowed to pass without serious objection; tolerable; admissable; moderate; mediocre. My version will appear a passable beauty when the original muse is absent. Dryden.

PASSABLENESS Pass"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being passable.

PASSABLY Pass"a*bly, adv.

Defn: Tolerably; moderately.

PASSACAGLIA; PASSACAGLIO Pas`sa*ca*glia, Pas`sa*ca*glio, n. Etym: [Sp. pasacalle a certain tune on the guitar, prop., a tune played in passing through the streets.] (Mus.)

Defn: An old Italian or Spanish dance tune, in slow three-four measure, with divisions on a ground bass, resembling a chaconne.

PASSADE; PASSADO Pas*sade", Pas*sa"do, n. Etym: [F. passade; cf. Sp. pasada. See Pass, v. i.]

1. (Fencing)

Defn: A pass or thrust. Shak.

2. (Man.)

Defn: A turn or course of a horse backward or forward on the same spot of ground.

PASSAGE Pas"sage, n. Etym: [F. passage. See Pass, v. i.]

1. The act of passing; transit from one place to another; movement from point to point; a going by, over, across, or through; as, the passage of a man or a carriage; the passage of a ship or a bird; the passage of light; the passage of fluids through the pores or channels of the body. What! are my doors opposed against my passage! Shak.

2. Transit by means of conveyance; journey, as by water, carriage, car, or the like; travel; right, liberty, or means, of passing; conveyance. The ship in which he had taken passage. Macaulay.

3. Price paid for the liberty to pass; fare; as, to pay one's passage.

4. Removal from life; decease; departure; death. [R.] "Endure thy mortal passage." Milton. When he is fit and season'd for his passage. Shak.

5. Way; road; path; channel or course through or by which one passes; way of exit or entrance; way of access or transit. Hence, a common avenue to various apartments in a building; a hall; a corridor. And with his pointed dart Explores the nearest passage to his heart. Dryden. The Persian army had advanced into the . . . passages of Cilicia. South.

6. A continuous course, process, or progress; a connected or continuous series; as, the passage of time. The conduct and passage of affairs. Sir J. Davies. The passage and whole carriage of this action. Shak.

7. A separate part of a course, process, or series; an occurrence; an incident; an act or deed. "In thy passages of life." Shak. The . . . almost incredible passage of their unbelief. South.

8. A particular portion constituting a part of something continuous; esp., a portion of a book, speech, or musical composition; a paragraph; a clause. How commentators each dark passage shun. Young.

9. Reception; currency. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.

10. A pass or en encounter; as, a passage at arms. No passages of love Betwixt us twain henceforward evermore. Tennyson.

11. A movement or an evacuation of the bowels.

12. In parliamentary proceedings: (a) The course of a proposition (bill, resolution, etc.) through the several stages of consideration and action; as, during its passage through Congress the bill was amended in both Houses. (b) The advancement of a bill or other proposition from one stage to another by an affirmative vote; esp., the final affirmative action of the body upon a proposition; hence, adoption; enactment; as, the passage of the bill to its third reading was delayed. "The passage of the Stamp Act." D. Hosack. The final question was then put upon its passage. Cushing. In passage, in passing; cursorily. "These . . . have been studied but in passage." Bacon. -- Middle passage, Northeast passage, Northwest passage. See under Middle, Northeast, etc. -- Of passage, passing from one place, region, or climate, to another; migratory; -- said especially of birds "Birds of passage." Longfellow. -- Passage hawk, a hawk taken on its passage or migration. -- Passage money, money paid for conveyance of a passenger, -- usually for carrying passengers by water.

Syn. -- Vestibule; hall; corridor. See Vestibule.

PASSAGER Pas"sa*ger, n. Etym: [See Passenger.]

Defn: A passenger; a bird or boat of passage. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.

PASSAGEWAY Pas"sage*way`, n.

Defn: A way for passage; a hall. See Passage, 5.

PASSANT Pas"sant, a. Etym: [F., p.pr. of passer. See Pass, v. i.]

1. Passing from one to another; in circulation; current. [Obs.] Many opinions are passant. Sir T. Browne.

2. Curs [Obs.] On a passant rewiew of what I wrote to the bishop. Sir P. Pett.

3. Surpassing; excelling. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. (Her.)

Defn: Walking; -- said of any animal on an escutcheon, which is represented as walking with the dexter paw raised.

PASSE; PASSEE Pas`sé", masc. Pas`sé"e, fem., a. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Past; gone by; hence, past one's prime; worn; faded; as, a passée belle. Ld. Lytton.

PASSEGARDE Passe"garde`, n. Etym: [F.] (Anc. Armor)

Defn: A ridge or projecting edge on a shoulder piece to turn the blow of a lance or other weapon from the joint of the armor.

PASSEMENT Passe"ment, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Lace, gimp, braid etc., sewed on a garment. Sir W. Scott.

PASSEMENTERIE Passe*men"terie, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Beaded embroidery for women's dresses.

PASSENGER Pas"sen*ger, n. Etym: [OE. & F. passager. See Passage, and cf. Messenger.]

1. A passer or passer-by; a wayfarer. Shak.

2. A traveler by some established conveyance, as a coach, steamboat, railroad train, etc. Passenger falcon (Zoöl.), a migratory hawk. Ainsworth. -- Passenger pigeon (Zoöl.), the common wild pigeon of North America (Ectopistes migratorius), so called on account of its extensive migrations.

PASSENGER MILE Pas"sen*ger mile. (Railroads)

Defn: A unit of measurement of the passenger transportation performed by a railroad during a given period, usually a year, the total of which consists of the sum of the miles traversed by all the passengers on the road in the period in question.

PASSENGER MILEAGE Passenger mileage. (Railroads)

Defn: Passenger miles collectively; the total number of miles traveled by passengers on a railroad during a given period.

PASSE PARTOUT Passe" par`tout", n. Etym: [F., from passer to pass + partout everywhere.]

1. That by which one can pass anywhere; a safe-conduct. [Obs.] Dryden.

2. A master key; a latchkey.

3. A light picture frame or mat of cardboard, wood, or the like, usually put between the picture and the glass, and sometimes serving for several pictures.

PASSER Pass"er, n.

Defn: One who passes; a passenger.

PASSER-BY Pass`er-by", n.

Defn: One who goes by; a passer.

PASSERES Pas"se*res, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. passer a sparrow.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order, or suborder, of birds, including more that half of all the known species. It embraces all singing birds (Oscines), together with many other small perching birds.

PASSERIFORM Pas*ser"i*form, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or belonging to the Passeres.

PASSERINE Pas"ser*ine, a. Etym: [L. passerinus, fr. passer a sparrow.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Passeres. The columbine, gallinaceous, and passerine tribes people the fruit trees. Sydney Smith.

PASSERINE Pas"ser*ine, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Passeres.

PASSIBILITY Pas`si*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. passibilitas: cf. F. passibilité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being passible; aptness to feel or suffer; sensibility. Hakewill.

PASSIBLE Pas"si*ble, a. Etym: [L. passibilis, fr. pati, to suffer: cf. F. passible. See Passion.]

Defn: Susceptible of feeling or suffering, or of impressions from external agents. Apolinarius, which held even deity itself passible. Hooker.

PASSIBLENESS Pas"si*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Passibility. Brerewood.

PASSIFLORA Pas"si*flo"ra, n. Etym: [NL., from L. passio passion (fr. pati, passus, to suffer) + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants, including the passion flower. It is the type of the order Passifloreæ, which includes about nineteen genera and two hundred and fifty species.

PASSIM Pas"sim, adv. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Here and there; everywhere; as, this word occurs passim in the poem.

PASSING Pass"ing, n.

Defn: The act of one who, or that which, passes; the act of going by or away. Passing bell, a tolling of a bell to announce that a soul is passing, or has passed, from its body (formerly done to invoke prayers for the dying); also, a tolling during the passing of a funeral procession to the grave, or during funeral ceremonies. Sir W. Scott. Longfellow.

PASSING Pass"ing, a.

1. Relating to the act of passing or going; going by, beyond, through, or away; departing.

2. Exceeding; surpassing, eminent. Chaucer. "Her passing deformity." Shak. Passing note (Mus.), a character including a passing tone. -- Passing tone (Mus.), a tone introduced between two other tones, on an unaccented portion of a measure, for the sake of smoother melody, but forming no essential part of the harmony.

PASSING Pass"ing, adv.

Defn: Exceedingly; excessively; surpassingly; as, passing fair; passing strange. "You apprehend passing shrewdly." Shak.

PASSINGLY Pass"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Exceedingly. Wyclif.

PASSION Pas"sion, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. passio, fr. pati, passus, to suffer. See Patient.]

1. A suffering or enduring of imposed or inflicted pain; any suffering or distress (as, a cardiac passion); specifically, the suffering of Christ between the time of the last supper and his death, esp. in the garden upon the cross. "The passions of this time." Wyclif (Rom. viii. 18). To whom also he showed himself alive after his passion, by many infallible proofs. Acts i. 3.

2. The state of being acted upon; subjection to an external agent or influence; a passive condition; -- opposed to action. A body at rest affords us no idea of any active power to move, and, when set is motion, it is rather a passion than an action in it. Locke.

3. Capacity of being affected by external agents; susceptibility of impressions from external agents. [R.] Moldable and not moldable, scissible and not scissible, and many other passions of matter. Bacon.

4. The state of the mind when it is powerfully acted upon and influenced by something external to itself; the state of any particular faculty which, under such conditions, becomes extremely sensitive or uncontrollably excited; any emotion or sentiment (specifically, love or anger) in a state of abnormal or controlling activity; an extreme or inordinate desire; also, the capacity or susceptibility of being so affected; as, to be in a passion; the passions of love, hate, jealously, wrath, ambition, avarice, fear, etc.; a passion for war, or for drink; an orator should have passion as well as rhetorical skill. "A passion fond even to idolatry." Macaulay. "Her passion is to seek roses." Lady M. W. Montagu. We also are men of like passions with you. Acts xiv. 15. The nature of the human mind can not be sufficiently understood, without considering the affections and passions, or those modifications or actions of the mind consequent upon the apprehension of certain objects or events in which the mind generally conceives good or evil. Hutcheson. The term passion, and its adverb passionately, often express a very strong predilection for any pursuit, or object of taste -- a kind of enthusiastic fondness for anything. Cogan. The bravery of his grief did put me Into a towering passion. Shak. The ruling passion, be it what it will, The ruling passion conquers reason still. Pope. Who walked in every path of human life, Felt every passion. Akenside. When statesmen are ruled by faction and interest, they can have no passion for the glory of their country. Addison.

5. Disorder of the mind; madness. [Obs.] Shak.

6. Passion week. See Passion week, below. R. of Gl. Passion flower (Bot.), any flower or plant of the genus Passiflora; -- so named from a fancied resemblance of parts of the flower to the instruments of our Savior's crucifixion.

Note: The flowers are showy, and the fruit is sometimes highly esteemed (see Granadilla, and Maypop). The roots and leaves are generally more or less noxious, and are used in medicine. The plants are mostly tendril climbers, and are commonest in the warmer parts of America, though a few species are Asiatic or Australian. Passion music (Mus.), originally, music set to the gospel narrative of the passion of our Lord; after the Reformation, a kind of oratorio, with narrative, chorals, airs, and choruses, having for its theme the passion and crucifixion of Christ. -- Passion play, a mystery play, in which the scenes connected with the passion of our Savior are represented dramatically. -- Passion Sunday (Eccl.), the fifth Sunday in Lent, or the second before Easter. -- Passion Week, the last week but one in Lent, or the second week preceding Easter. "The name of Passion week is frequently, but improperly, applied to Holy Week." Shipley.

Syn. -- Passion, Feeling, Emotion. When any feeling or emotion completely masters the mind, we call it a passion; as, a passion for music, dress, etc.; especially is anger (when thus extreme) called passion. The mind, in such cases, is considered as having lost its self- control, and become the passive instrument of the feeling in question.

PASSION Pas"sion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Passioned; p.pr & vb. n. Passioning.]

Defn: To give a passionate character to. [R.] Keats.

PASSION Pas"sion, v. i.

Defn: To suffer pain or sorrow; to experience a passion; to be extremely agitated. [Obs.] "Dumbly she passions, frantically she doteth." Shak.

PASSIONAL Pas"sion*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to passion or the passions; exciting, influenced by, or ministering to, the passions. -- n.

Defn: A passionary.

PASSIONARY Pas"sion*a*ry, n. Etym: [L. passionarius: cf. F. passionaire.]

Defn: A book in which are described the sufferings of saints and martyrs. T. Warton.

PASSIONATE Pas"sion*ate, a. Etym: [LL. passionatus: cf. F. passionné.]

1. Capable or susceptible of passion, or of different passions; easily moved, excited or agitated; specifically, easily moved to anger; irascible; quick-tempered; as, a passionate nature. Homer's Achilles is haughty and passionate. Prior.

2. Characterized by passion; expressing passion; ardent in feeling or desire; vehement; warm; as, a passionate friendship. "The passionate Pilgrim." Shak.

3. Suffering; sorrowful. [Obs.] Shak.

PASSIONATE Pas"sion*ate, v. i.

1. To affect with passion; to impassion. [Obs.] Great pleasure, mixed with pitiful regard, The godly kind and queen did passionate. Spenser.

2. To express feelingly or sorrowfully. [Obs.] Shak.

PASSIONATELY Pas"sion*ate*ly, adv.

1. In a passionate manner; with strong feeling; ardently. Sorrow expresses itself . . . loudly and passionately. South.

2. Angrily; irascibly. Locke.

PASSIONATENESS Pas"sion*ate*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being passionate.

PASSIONIST Pas"sion*ist, n. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A member of a religious order founded in Italy in 1737, and introduced into the United States in 1852. The members of the order unite the austerities of the Trappists with the activity and zeal of the Jesuits and Lazarists. Called also Barefooted Clerks of the Most Holy Cross.

PASSIONLESS Pas"sion*less, a.

Defn: Void of passion; without anger or emotion; not easily excited; calm. "Self-contained and passionless." Tennyson.

PASSIONTIDE Pas"sion*tide`, n. Etym: [Passion + tide time.]

Defn: The last fortnight of Lent.

PASSIVE Pas"sive, a. Etym: [L. passivus: cf. F. passif. See Passion.]

1. Not active, but acted upon; suffering or receiving impressions or influences; as, they were passive spectators, not actors in the scene. The passive air Upbore their nimble tread. Milton. The mind is wholly passive in the reception of all its simple ideas. Locke.

2. Receiving or enduring without either active sympathy or active resistance; without emotion or excitement; patient; not opposing; unresisting; as, passive obedience; passive submission. The best virtue, passive fortitude. Massinger.

3. (Chem.)

Defn: Inactive; inert; not showing strong affinity; as, red phosphorus is comparatively passive.

4. (Med.)

Defn: Designating certain morbid conditions, as hemorrhage or dropsy, characterized by relaxation of the vessels and tissues, with deficient vitality and lack of reaction in the affected tissues. Passive congestion (Med.), congestion due to obstruction to the return of the blood from the affected part. -- Passive iron (Chem.), iron which has been subjected to the action of heat, of strong nitric acid, chlorine, etc. It is then not easily acted upon by acids. -- Passive movement (Med.), a movement of a part, in order to exercise it, made without the assistance of the muscles which ordinarily move the part. -- Passive obedience (as used by writers on government), obedience or submission of the subject or citizen as a duty in all cases to the existing government. -- Passive prayer, among mystic divines, a suspension of the activity of the soul or intellectual faculties, the soul remaining quiet, and yielding only to the impulses of grace. -- Passive verb, or Passive voice (Gram.), a verb, or form of a verb, which expresses the effect of the action of some agent; as, in Latin, doceor, I am taught; in English, she is loved; the picture is admired by all; he is assailed by slander.

Syn. -- Inactive; inert; quiescent; unresisting; unopposing; suffering; enduring; submissive; patient.

PASSIVE BALLOON; PASSIVE AEROPLANE Pas"sive bal*loon" or a"ër*o*plane.

Defn: One unprovided with motive power.

PASSIVE FLIGHT Passive flight.

Defn: Flight, such as gliding and soaring, accomplished without the use of motive power.

PASSIVELY Pas"sive*ly, adv.

1. In a passive manner; inertly; unresistingly.

2. As a passive verb; in the passive voice.

PASSIVENESS Pas"sive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being passive; unresisting submission. To be an effect implies passiveness, or the being subject to the power and action of its cause. J. Edwards.

PASSIVITY Pas*siv"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. passivité.]

1. Passiveness; -- opposed to activity. Jer. Taylor.

2. (Physics)

Defn: The tendency of a body to remain in a given state, either of motion or rest, till disturbed by another body; inertia. Cheyne.

3. (Chem.)

Defn: The quality or condition of any substance which has no inclination to chemical activity; inactivity.

PASS-KEY Pass"-key`, n.

Defn: A key for opening more locks than one; a master key.

PASSLESS Pass"less, a.

Defn: Having no pass; impassable. Cowley.

PASSMAN Pass"man, n.; pl. Passmen (.

Defn: One who passes for a degree, without honors. See Classman, 2. [Eng. Univ.]

PASSOVER Pass"o`ver, n. Etym: [Pass + over. See Pasch.] (Jewish Antiq.) (a) A feast of the Jews, instituted to commemorate the sparing of the Hebrews in Egypt, when God, smiting the firstborn of the Egyptians, passed over the houses of the Israelites which were marked with the blood of a lamb. (b) The sacrifice offered at the feast of the passover; the paschal lamb. Ex. xii.

PASS-PAROLE Pass`-pa*role", n. Etym: [F. passe-parole.] (Mil.)

Defn: An order passed from front to rear by word of mouth.

PASSPORT Pass"port (, n. Etym: [F. passeport, orig., a permission to leave a port or to sail into it; passer to pass + port a port, harbor. See Pass, and Port a harbor.]

1. Permission to pass; a document given by the competent officer of a state, permitting the person therein named to pass or travel from place to place, without molestation, by land or by water. Caution in granting passports to Ireland. Clarendon.

2. A document carried by neutral merchant vessels in time of war, to certify their nationality and protect them from belligerents; a sea letter.

3. A license granted in time of war for the removal of persons and effects from a hostile country; a safe-conduct. Burrill.

4. Figuratively: Anything which secures advancement and general acceptance. Sir P. Sidney. His passport is his innocence and grace. Dryden.

PASSUS Pas"sus, n.; pl. L. Passus, E. Passuses (. Etym: [L., a step, a pace. See Pace.]

Defn: A division or part; a canto; as, the passus of Piers Plowman. See 2d Fit.

PASSWORD Pass"word`, n.

Defn: A word to be given before a person is allowed to pass; a watchword; a countersign. Macaulay.

PASSYMEASURE Pas"sy*meas`ure, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. It. passamezzo.] [Obs.]

Defn: See Paspy. Shak.

PAST Past, a. Etym: [From Pass, v.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a former time or state; neither present nor future; gone by; elapsed; ended; spent; as, past troubles; past offences. "Past ages." Milton. Past master. See under Master.

PAST Past, n.

Defn: A former time or state; a state of things gone by. "The past, at least, is secure." D. Webster. The present is only intelligible in the light of the past, often a very remote past indeed. Trench.

PAST Past, prep.

1. Beyond, in position, or degree; further than; beyond the reach or influence of. "Who being past feeling." Eph. iv. 19. "Galled past endurance." Macaulay. Until we be past thy borders. Num. xxi. 22. Love, when once past government, is consequently past shame. L'Estrange.

2. Beyond, in time; after; as, past the hour. Is it not past two o'clock Shak.

3. Above; exceeding; more than. [R.] Not past three quarters of a mile. Shak. Bows not past three quarters of a yard long. Spenser.

PAST Past, adv.

Defn: By; beyond; as, he ran past. The alarum of drums swept past. Longfellow.

PASTE Paste, n. Etym: [OF. paste, F. pâte, L. pasta, fr. Gr. Pasty, n., Patty.]

1. A soft composition, as of flour moistened with water or milk, or of earth moistened to the consistence of dough, as in making potter's ware.

2. Specifically, in cookery, a dough prepared for the crust of pies and the like; pastry dough.

3. A kind of cement made of flour and water, starch and water, or the like, -- used for uniting paper or other substances, as in bookbinding, etc., -- also used in calico printing as a vehicle for mordant or color.

4. A highly refractive vitreous composition, variously colored, used in making imitations of precious stones or gems. See Strass.

5. A soft confection made of the inspissated juice of fruit, licorice, or the like, with sugar, etc.

6. (Min.)

Defn: The mineral substance in which other minerals are imbedded. Paste eel (Zoöl.), the vinegar eel. See under Vinegar.

PASTE Paste, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Pasting.]

Defn: To unite with paste; to fasten or join by means of paste.

PASTEBOARD Paste"board`, n.

1. A stiff thick kind of paper board, formed of several single sheets pasted one upon another, or of paper macerated and pressed into molds, etc.

2. (Cookery)

Defn: A board on which pastry dough is rolled; a molding board.

PASTEL Pas"tel, n. Etym: [F.; cf. It. pastello. Cf. Pastil.]

1. A crayon made of a paste composed of a color ground with gum water. [Sometimes incorrectly written pastil.] "Charming heads in pastel." W. Black.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant affording a blue dye; the woad (Isatis tinctoria); also, the dye itself.

PASTER Past"er, n.

1. One who pastes; as, a paster in a government department.

2. A slip of paper, usually bearing a name, intended to be pasted by the voter, as a substitute, over another name on a printed ballot. [Cant, U.S.]

PASTERN Pas"tern, n. Etym: [Of. pasturon, F. pâturon, fr. OF. pasture a tether, for beasts while pasturing; prop., a pasturing. See Pasture.]

1. The part of the foot of the horse, and allied animals, between the fetlock and the coffin joint. See Illust. of Horse.

Note: The upper bone, or phalanx, of the foot is called the great pastern bone; the second, the small pastern bone; and the third, in the hoof, the coffin bone. Pastern joint, the joint in the hoof of the horse, and allied animals, between the great and small pastern bones.

2. A shackle for horses while pasturing. Knight.

3. A patten. [Obs.] Dryden.

PASTEURIAN Pas*teur"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Pasteur.

PASTEURISM Pas*teur"ism, n. Etym: [Fr. Pasteur, a French scientist.]

1. A method of treatment, devised by Pasteur, for preventing certain diseases, as hydrophobia, by successive inoculations with an attenuated virus of gradually increasing strength.

2. Pasteurization.

PASTEURIZATION Pas*teur`i*za"tion, n.

Defn: A process devised by Pasteur for preventing or checking fermentation in fluids, such as wines, milk, etc., by exposure to a temperature of 140º F., thus destroying the vitality of the contained germs or ferments.

PASTEURIZE Pas*teur"ize, v. t.

1. To subject to pasteurization.

2. To treat by pasteurizm.

PASTEURIZER Pas"teur*iz`er, n.

Defn: One that Pasteurizes, specif. an apparatus for heating and agitating, fluid.

PASTEUR'S FLUID Pas`teur's" flu"id. (Biol.)

Defn: An artificial nutrient fluid invented by Pasteur for the study of alcoholic fermentation, but used also for the cultivation of bacteria and other organisms. It contains all the elements of protoplasm, and was originally made of the ash of yeast, some ammonia compound, sugar, and water.

PASTICCIO Pas*tic"ci*o, n. Etym: [It., fr. pasta. See Paste.]

1. A medley; an olio. [R.] H. Swinburne.

2. (Fine Arts) (a) A work of art imitating directly the work of another artist, or of more artists than one. (b) A falsified work of art, as a vase or statue made up of parts of original works, with missing parts supplied.

PASTIL; PASTILLE Pas"til, Pas*tille", n. Etym: [F. pastille, L. pastillusa pastus food. See Pasture, and cf. Pastel.]

1. (Pharmacy)

Defn: A small cone or mass made of paste of gum, benzoin, cinnamon, and other aromatics, -- used for fumigating or scenting the air of a room.

2. An aromatic or medicated lozenge; a troche.

3. See Pastel, a crayon.

PASTIME Pas"time`, n. Etym: [Pass + time: cf. F. passetemps.]

Defn: That which amuses, and serves to make time pass agreeably; sport; amusement; diversion.

PASTIME Pas"time`, v. i.

Defn: To sport; to amuse one's self. [R.]

PASTOR Pas"tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. pascere, pastum, to pasture, to feed. Cf. Pabulum, Pasture, Food.]

1. A shepherd; one who has the care of flocks and herds.

2. A guardian; a keeper; specifically (Eccl.), a minister having the charge of a church and parish.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of starling (Pastor roseus), native of the plains of Western Asia and Eastern Europe. Its head is crested and glossy greenish black, and its back is rosy. It feeds largely upon locusts.

PASTORAGE Pas"tor*age, n.

Defn: The office, jurisdiction, or duty, of a pastor; pastorate.

PASTORAL Pas"tor*al, a. Etym: [L. pastoralis: cf. F. pastoral. See Pastor.]

1. Of or pertaining to shepherds; hence, relating to rural life and scenes; as, a pastoral life.

2. Relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church; as, pastoral duties; a pastoral letter. Pastoral staff (Eccl.), a staff, usually of the form of a shepherd's crook, borne as an official emblem by a bishop, abbot, abbess, or other prelate privileged to carry it. See Crook, and Crosier. -- Pastoral Theology, that part of theology which treats of the duties of pastors.

PASTORAL Pas"tor*al, n.

1. A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyl; a bucolic. A pastoral is a poem in which any action or passion is represented by its effects on a country life. Rambler.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: A cantata relating to rural life; a composition for instruments characterized by simplicity and sweetness; a lyrical composition the subject of which is taken from rural life. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

3. (Eccl.)

Defn: A letter of a pastor to his charge; specifically, a letter addressed by a bishop to his diocese; also (Prot. Epis. Ch.), a letter of the House of Bishops, to be read in each parish.

PASTORALE Pas`to*ra"le, n. Etym: [It.]

1. (Mus.)

Defn: A composition in a soft, rural style, generally in 6-8 or 12-8 time.

2. A kind of dance; a kind of figure used in a dance.

PASTORALLY Pas"tor*al*ly, adv.

1. In a pastoral or rural manner.

2. In the manner of a pastor.

PASTORATE Pas"tor*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pastorat. See Pastor.]

Defn: The office, state, or jurisdiction of a pastor.

PASTORIUM Pas*to"ri*um, n. [See Pastor; cf. Auditorium.]

Defn: A parsonage; -- so called in some Baptist churches. [Southern U. S.]

PASTORLESS Pas"tor*less, a.

Defn: Having no pastor.

PASTORLING Pas"tor*ling, n.

Defn: An insignificant pastor. [R.]

PASTORLY Pas"tor*ly, a.

Defn: Appropriate to a pastor. Milton.

PASTORSHIP Pas"tor*ship, n.

Defn: Pastorate. Bp. Bull.

PASTRY Pas"try, n.; pl. Pastries (.

1. The place where pastry is made. [Obs.] Shak.

2. Articles of food made of paste, or having a crust made of paste, as pies, tarts, etc. Pastry cook, one whose occupation is to make pastry; as, the pastry cook of a hotel.

PASTURABLE Pas"tur*a*ble, a.

Defn: Fit for pasture.

PASTURAGE Pas"tur*age, n. Etym: [OF. pasturage, F. pâturage. See Pasture.]

1. Grazing ground; grass land used for pasturing; pasture.

2. Grass growing for feed; grazing.

3. The business of feeding or grazing cattle.

PASTURE Pas"ture, n. Etym: [OF. pasture, F. pâture, L. pastura, fr. pascere, pastum, to pasture, to feed. See Pastor.]

1. Food; nourishment. [Obs.] Toads and frogs his pasture poisonous. Spenser.

2. Specifically: Grass growing for the food of cattle; the food of cattle taken by grazing.

3. Grass land for cattle, horses, etc.; pasturage. He maketh me to lie down in green pastures. Ps. xxiii. 2. So graze as you find pasture. Shak.

PASTURE Pas"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pastured; p. pr. & vb. n. Pasturing.]

Defn: To feed, esp. to feed on growing grass; to supply grass as food for; as, the farmer pastures fifty oxen; the land will pasture forty cows.

PASTURE Pas"ture, v. i.

Defn: To feed on growing grass; to graze.

PASTURELESS Pas"ture*less, a.

Defn: Destitute of pasture. Milton.

PASTURER Pas"tur*er, n.

Defn: One who pastures; one who takes cattle to graze. See Agister.

PASTY Pas"ty, a.

Defn: Like paste, as in color, softness, stickness. "A pasty complexion." G. Eliot.

PASTY Pas"ty, n.; pl. Pasties. Etym: [OF. pasté, F. pâté. See Paste, and cf. Patty.]

Defn: A pie consisting usually of meat wholly surrounded with a crust made of a sheet of paste, and often baked without a dish; a meat pie. "If ye pinch me like a pasty." Shak. "Apple pasties." Dickens. A large pasty baked in a pewter platter. Sir W. Scott.

PAT Pat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Patted; p. pr. & vb. n. Patting.] Etym: [Cf. G. patschen, Prov. G. patzen, to strike, tap.]

Defn: To strike gently with the fingers or hand; to stroke lightly; to tap; as, to pat a dog. Gay pats my shoulder, and you vanish quite. Pope.

PAT Pat, n.

1. A light, quik blow or stroke with the fingers or hand; a tap.

2. A small mass, as of butter, shaped by pats. It looked like a tessellated work of pats of butter. Dickens.

PAT Pat, a. Etym: [Cf. pat a light blow, D. te pas convenient, pat, where pas is fr. F. passer to pass.]

Defn: Exactly suitable; fit; convenient; timely. "Pat allusion." Barrow.

PAT Pat, adv.

Defn: In a pat manner. I foresaw then 't would come in pat hereafter. Sterne.

PATACA Pa*ta"ca, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: The Spanish dollar; -- called also patacoon. [Obs.]

PATACHE Pa`tache", n. Etym: [F. & Sp. patache, P. patacho.] (Naut.)

Defn: A tender to a fleet, formerly used for conveying men, orders, or treasure. [Spain & Portugal]

PATACOON Pa`ta*coon", n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: See Pataca.

PATAGIUM Pa*ta"gi*um, n.; pl. Patagia. Etym: [L., an edge or border.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: In bats, an expansion of the integument uniting the fore limb with the body and extending between the elongated fingers to form the wing; in birds, the similar fold of integument uniting the fore limb with the body.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a pair of small vesicular organs situated at the bases of the anterior wings of lepidopterous insects. See Illust. of Butterfly.

PATAGONIAN Pat`a*go"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Patagonia. -- n.

Defn: A native of Patagonia.

PATAMAR Pat"a*mar, n. Etym: [From the native name.] (Naut.)

Defn: A vessel resembling a grab, used in the coasting trade of Bombay and Ceylon. [Written also pattemar.]

PATAS Pa*tas", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A West African long-tailed monkey (Cercopithecus ruber); the red monkey.

PATAVINITY Pat`a*vin"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. patavinitas, fr. Patavium: cf. F. patavinité]

Defn: The use of local or provincial words, as in the peculiar style or diction of Livy, the Roman historian; -- so called from Patavium, now Padua, the place of Livy's nativity.

PATCH Patch, n. Etym: [OE. pacche; of uncertain origin, perh. for placche; cf. Prov. E. platch patch, LG. plakk, plakke.]

1. A piece of cloth, or other suitable material, sewed or otherwise fixed upon a garment to repair or strengthen it, esp. upon an old garment to cover a hole. Patches set upon a little breach. Shak.

2. Hence: A small piece of anything used to repair a breach; as, a patch on a kettle, a roof, etc.

3. A small piece of black silk stuck on the face, or neck, to hide a defect, or to heighten beauty. Your black patches you wear variously. Beau. & Fl.

4. (Gun.)

Defn: A piece of greased cloth or leather used as wrapping for a rifle ball, to make it fit the bore.

5. Fig.: Anything regarded as a patch; a small piece of ground; a tract; a plot; as, scattered patches of trees or growing corn. Employed about this patch of ground. Bunyan.

6. (Mil.)

Defn: A block on the muzzle of a gun, to do away with the effect of dispart, in sighting.

7. A paltry fellow; a rogue; a ninny; a fool. [Obs. or Colloq.] "Thou scurvy patch." Shak. Patch ice, ice in overlapping pieces in the sea. -- Soft patch, a patch for covering a crack in a metallic vessel, as a steam boiler, consisting of soft material, as putty, covered and held in place by a plate bolted or riveted fast.

PATCH Patch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Patched; p. pr. & vb. n. Patching.]

1. To mend by sewing on a piece or pieces of cloth, leather, or the like; as, to patch a coat.

2. To mend with pieces; to repair with pieces festened on; to repair clumsily; as, to patch the roof of a house.

3. To adorn, as the face, with a patch or patches. Ladies who patched both sides of their faces. Spectator.

4. To make of pieces or patches; to repair as with patches; to arrange in a hasty or clumsy manner; -- generally with up; as, to patch up a truce. "If you'll patch a quarrel." Shak.

PATCHER Patch"er, n.

Defn: One who patches or botches. Foxe.

PATCHERY Patch"er*y, n.

Defn: Botchery; covering of defects; bungling; hypocrisy. [R.] Shak.

PATCHINGLY Patch"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Knavishy; deceitfully. [Obs.]

PATCHOULI; PATCHOULY Pa*tchou"li, Pa*tchou"ly, n. Etym: [CF. F. patchouli; prob. of East Indian origin.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A mintlike plant (Pogostemon Patchouli) of the East Indies, yielding an essential oil from which a highly valued perfume is made.

2. The perfume made from this plant. Patchouly camphor (Chem.), a substance homologous with and resembling borneol, found in patchouly oil.

PATCHWORK Patch"work`, n.

Defn: Work composed of pieces sewed together, esp. pieces of various colors and figures; hence, anything put together of incongruous or ill-adapted parts; something irregularly clumsily composed; a thing putched up. Swift.

PATCHY Patch"y, a.

Defn: Full of, or covered with, patches; abounding in patches.

PATE Pa`té", a. (Her.)

Defn: See Patté.

PATE Pa`té", n. Etym: [F. pâté.]

1. A pie. See Patty.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: A kind of platform with a parapet, usually of an oval form, and generally erected in marshy grounds to cover a gate of a fortified place. [R.]

PATE Pate, n. Etym: [Cf. LG. & Prov. G. pattkopf, patzkopf, scabby head; patt, patz, scab + kopf head.]

1. The head of a person; the top, or crown, of the head. [Now generally used in contempt or ridicule.] His mischief shall return upon his own head, and his violent dealing shall come down upon his own pate. Ps. vii. 16. Fat paunches have lean pate. Shak.

2. The skin of a calf's head.

PATED Pat"ed, a.

Defn: Having a pate; -- used only in composition; as, long-pated; shallow-pated.

PATEE Pa*tee", n.

Defn: See Pattee.

PATEFACTION Pat`e*fac"tion, n. Etym: [L. patefactio, fr. patefacere to open; patere to lie open + facere to make.]

Defn: The act of opening, disclosing, or manifesting; open declaration. Jer. Taylor.

PATELA Pat"e*la, n. Etym: [Hind. patela.]

Defn: A large flat-bottomed trading boat peculiar to the river Ganges; -- called also puteli.

PATELLA Pa*tel"la, n.; pl. Patellæ. Etym: [L., a small pan, the kneepan, dim. of patina, patena, a pan, dish.]

1. A small dish, pan, or vase.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The kneepan; the cap of the knee.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine gastropods, including many species of limpets. The shell has the form of a flattened cone. The common European limpet (Patella vulgata) is largely used for food.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of apothecium in lichens, which is orbicular, flat, and sessile, and has a special rim not a part of the thallus.

PATELLAR Pa*tel"lar, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the patella, or kneepan.

PATELLIFORM Pa*tel"li*form, a. Etym: [Patella + form: cf. F. pattelliforme.]

1. Having the form of a patella.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling a limpet of the genus Patella.

PATELLULA Pa*tel"lu*la, n.; pl. Patellulæ. Etym: [NL., dim. of L. patella. See Patella.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A cuplike sucker on the feet of certain insects.

PATEN Pat"en, n. Etym: [LL. patina, patena, fr. L. patina, patena, a pan; cf. L. patere to be open, E. patent, and Gr. patène. Cf. Patina.]

1. A plate. [Obs.]

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: The place on which the consecrated bread is placed in the Eucharist, or on which the host is placed during the Mass. It is usually small, and formed as to fit the chalice, or cup, as a cover. [Written also patin, patine.]

PATENA Pat"e*na, n. Etym: [LL.] (Eccl.)

Defn: A paten.

PATENA Pa*te"na, n. Etym: [Cf. Pg. patena a paten.]

Defn: A grassy expanse in the hill region of Ceylon.

PATENCY Pa"ten*cy, n. Etym: [See Patent.]

1. The condition of being open, enlarged, or spread.

2. The state of being patent or evident.

PATENT Pat"ent (pât"ent or pat"ent), a. Etym: [L. patens, -entis, p.pr. of patere to be open: cf. F. patent. Cf. Fathom.]

1.

Note: (Oftener pronounced pat"ent in this sense)

Defn: Open; expanded; evident; apparent; unconcealed; manifest; public; conspicuous. He had received instructions, both patent and secret. Motley.

2. Open to public perusal; -- said of a document conferring some right or privilege; as, letters patent. See Letters patent, under 3d Letter.

3. Appropriated or protected by letters patent; secured by official authority to the exclusive possession, control, and disposal of some person or party; patented; as, a patent right; patent medicines. Madder . . . in King Charles the First's time, was made a patent commodity. Mortimer.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: Spreading; forming a nearly right angle with the steam or branch; as, a patent leaf. Patent leather, a varnished or lacquered leather, used for boots and shoes, and in carriage and harness work. -- Patent office, a government bureau for the examination of inventions and the granting of patents. -- Patent right. (a) The exclusive right to an invention, and the control of its manufacture. (b) (Law) The right, granted by the sovereign, of exclusive control of some business of manufacture, or of the sale of certain articles, or of certain offices or prerogatives. -- Patent rolls, the registers, or records, of patents.

PATENT Pat"ent, n. Etym: [Cf. F. patente. See Patent, a.]

1. A letter patent, or letters patent; an official document, issued by a sovereign power, conferring a right or privilege on some person or party. Specifically: (a) A writing securing to an invention. (b) A document making a grant and conveyance of public lands. Four other gentlemen of quality remained mentioned in that patent. Fuller.

Note: In the United States, by the act of 1870, patents for inventions are issued for seventeen years, without the privilege of renewal except by act of Congress.

2. The right or privilege conferred by such a document; hence, figuratively, a right, privilege, or license of the nature of a patent. If you are so fond over her iniquity, give her patent to offend. Shak.

PATENT Pat"ent, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Patented; p. pr. & vb. n. Patenting.]

Defn: To grant by patent; to make the subject of a patent; to secure or protect by patent; as, to patent an invention; to patent public lands.

PATENTABLE Pat"ent*a*ble, a.

Defn: Suitable to be patented; capable of being patented.

PATENTEE Pat`ent*ee", n.

Defn: One to whom a grant is made, or a privilege secured, by patent. Bacon.

PATENT-HAMMERED Pat"ent-ham"mered, a. (Stone Cutting)

Defn: Having a surface dressed by cutting with a hammer the head of which consists of broad thin chisels clamped together.

PATENTLY Pat"ent*ly (; see Patent, a.), adv.

Defn: Openly; evidently.

PATERA Pat"e*ra, n.; pl. Pateræ(. Etym: [ L., fr. patere to lie open.]

1. A saucerlike vessel of earthenware or metal, used by the Greeks and Romans in libations and sacrificies.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A circular ornament, resembling a dish, often worked in relief on friezes, and the like.

PATERERO Pat`e*re"ro, n.

Defn: See Pederero. [Obs.]

PATERFAMILIAS Pa`ter*fa*mil`i*as, n.; pl. Pateresfamilias. Etym: [L., fr. pater father + familias, gen. of familia family.] (Rom. Law)

Defn: The head of a family; in a large sense, the proprietor of an estate; one who is his own master.

PATERNAL Pa*ter"nal, a. Etym: [L. paternus, fr. pater a father: cf. F. paternel. See Father.]

1. Of or pertaining to a father; fatherly; showing the disposition of a father; guiding or instructing as a father; as, paternal care. "Under paternal rule." Milton.

2. Received or derived from a father; hereditary; as, a paternal estate. Their small paternal field of corn. Dryden. Paternal government (Polit. Science), the assumption by the governing power of a quasi-fatherly relation to the people, involving strict and intimate supervision of their business and social concerns, upon the theory that they are incapable of managing their own afffairs.

PATERNALISM Pa*ter"nal*ism, n. (Polit. Science)

Defn: The theory or practice of paternal government. See Paternal government, under Paternal. London Times.

PATERNALLY Pa*ter"nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a paternal manner.

PATERNITY Pa*ter"ni*ty, n. Etym: [L. paternitas: cf. F. paternité. See Paternal.]

1. The relation of a father to his child; fathership; fatherhood; family headship; as, the divine paternity. The world, while it had scarcity of people, underwent no other dominion than paternity and eldership. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. Derivation or descent from a father; male parentage; as, the paternity of a child.

3. Origin; authorship. The paternity of these novels was . . . disputed. Sir W. Scott.

PATERNOSTER Pa"ter*nos`ter, n. Etym: [L., Our Father.]

1. The Lord's prayer, so called from the first two words of the Latin version.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A beadlike ornament in moldings.

3. (Angling)

Defn: A line with a row of hooks and bead Paternoster pump, Paternoster wheel, a chain pump; a noria. -- Paternoster while, the space of time required for repeating a paternoster. Udall.

PATESI Pa*te"si, n. [Assyrian.] (Babylonian Antiq.)

Defn: A religious as well as a secular designation applied to rulers of some of the city states of ancient Chaldea, as Lagash or Shirpurla, who were conceived to be direct representatives of the tutelary god of the place.

PATH Path, n.; pl. Paths. Etym: [As. pad, G. pfad, of uncertain origin; cf. Gr. patha, path. sq. root21.]

1. A trodden way; a footway. The dewy paths of meadows we will tread. Dryden.

2. A way, course, or track, in which anything moves or has moved; route; passage; an established way; as, the path of a meteor, of a caravan, of a storm, of a pestilence. Also used figuratively, of a course of life or action. All the paths of the Lord are mercy and truth. Ps. xxv. 10. The paths of glory lead but to the grave. Gray.

PATH Path, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pathed; pr.p. & vb. n. Pathing.]

Defn: To make a path in, or on (something), or for (some one). [R.] "Pathing young Henry's unadvised ways." Drayton.

PATH Path, v. i.

Defn: To walk or go. [R.] Shak.

PATHEMATIC Path`e*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, emotion or suffering. [R.] Chalmers.

PATHETIC Pa*thet"ic, a. Etym: [L. patheticus, Gr. pathétique. See Pathos.]

1. Expressing or showing anger; passionate. [Obs.]

2. Affecting or moving the tender emotions, esp. pity or grief; full of pathos; as, a pathetic song or story. "Pathetic action." Macaulay. No theory of the passions can teach a man to be pathetic. E. Porter. Pathetic muscle (Anat.), the superior oblique muscle of the eye. -- Pathetic nerve (Anat.), the fourth cranial, or trochlear, nerve, which supplies the superior oblique, or pathetic, muscle of the eye. -- The pathetic, a style or manner adapted to arouse the tender emotions.

PATHETICAL Pa*thet"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pathetic. [R.] -- Pa*thet"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Pa*thet"ic*al*ness, n.

PATHETISM Path"e*tism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pathétisme.]

Defn: See Mesmerism. L. Sunderland.

PATHFINDER Path"find`er, n.

Defn: One who discovers a way or path; one who explores untraversed regions. The cow is the true pathfinder and pathmaker. J. Burroughs.

PATHIC Path"ic, n. Etym: [L. pathicus, Gr.

Defn: A male who submits to the crime against nature; a catamite. [R.] B. Jonson.

PATHIC Path"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Passive; suffering.

PATHLESS Path"less, a.

Defn: Having no beaten path or way; untrodden; impenetrable; as, pathless woods. Trough the heavens' wide, pathless way. Milton.

PATHMAKER Path"mak`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, makes a way or path.

PATHOGENE Path"o*gene, n. Etym: [See Pathogenic.] (Biol.)

Defn: One of a class of virulent microörganisms or bacteria found in the tissues and fluids in infectious diseases, and supposed to be the cause of the disease; a pathogenic organism; a pathogenic bacterium; -- opposed to zymogene.

PATHOGENESIS Path`o*gen"e*sis, n. (Med.)

Defn: Pathogeny.

PATHOGENETIC Path`o*ge*net"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Pathogenic.

PATHOGENIC Path`o*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med. & Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to pathogeny; producting disease; as, a pathogenic organism; a pathogenic bacterium.

PATHOGENY Pa*thog"e*ny, n. (Med.) (a) The generation, and method of development, of disease; as, the pathogeny of yellow fever is unsettled. (b) That branch of pathology which treats of the generation and development of disease.

PATHOGNOMONIC Pa*thog`no*mon"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. pathognomonique. See Gnomic.] (Med.)

Defn: Specially or decisively characteristic of a disease; indicating with certainty a disease; as, a pathognomonic symptom. The true pathognomonic sign of love jealousy. Arbuthnot.

PATHOGNOMY Pa*thog"no*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Expression of the passions; the science of the signs by which human passions are indicated.

PATHOLOGIC; PATHOLOGICAL Path`o*log"ic, Path`o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. pathologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to pathology. -- Path`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

PATHOLOGIST Pa*thol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pathologiste.]

Defn: One skilled in pathology; an investigator in pathology; as, the pathologist of a hospital, whose duty it is to determine the causes of the diseases.

PATHOLOGY Pa*thol"o*gy, n.; pl. Pathologies. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. pathologie.] (Med.)

Defn: The science which treats of diseases, their nature, causes, progress, symptoms, etc.

Note: Pathology is general or special, according as it treats of disease or morbid processes in general, or of particular diseases; it is also subdivided into internal and external, or medical and surgical pathology. Its departments are nosology, ætiology, morbid anatomy, symptomatology, and therapeutics, which treat respectively of the classification, causation, organic changes, symptoms, and cure of diseases. Celluar pathology, a theory that gives prominence to the vital action of cells in the healthy and diseased function of the body. Virchow.

PATHOPOELA Path`o*poe"la, n.; pl. -ias. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A speech, or figure of speech, designed to move the passion. Smart.

PATHOS Pa"thos, n. Etym: [L., from Gr. pati to suffer, E. patient.]