Chapter X: Rays; X-Rays (4)

1. Any member of the tribe of Zulus; a Zulu-Kaffir. See Zulus.

2. (Philol.) One of the most important members of the South African, or Bantu, family of languages, spoken partly in Natal and partly in Zululand, but understood, and more or less in use, over a wide territory, at least as far north as the Zambezi; -- called also Zulu- Kaffir.

ZULU-KAFFIR Zu"lu-Kaf"fir, n.

Defn: A member of the Bantu race comprising the Zulus and the Kaffirs.

ZULUS Zu"lus, n. pl.; sing. Zulu (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: The most important tribe belonging to the Kaffir race. They inhabit a region on the southeast coast of Africa, but formerly occupied a much more extensive country. They are noted for their warlike disposition, courage, and military skill.

ZUMBOORUK Zum*boo"ruk, n. Etym: [Turk. & Ar. zamb, fr. Ar. zamb a hornet.] (Mil.)

Defn: A small cannon supported by a swiveled rest on the back of a camel, whence it is fired, -- used in the East.

ZUMIC; ZUMOLOGICAL; ZUMOLOGY; ZUMOMETER Zu"mic, a., Zu`mo*log"ic*al, a., Zu*mol"o*gy, n., Zu*mom"e*ter, n., etc.

Defn: See Zymic, Zymological, etc.

ZUNIS Zu"nis, n. pl.; sing. Zuni (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of Pueblo Indians occupying a village in New Mexico, on the Zuni River.

ZUNYITE Zun"yite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A fluosilicate of alumina occurring in tetrahedral crystals at the Zuñi mine in Colorado.

ZWANZIGER Zwan"zi*ger, n. Etym: [G.]

Defn: Am Austrian silver coin equivalent to 20 kreutzers, or about 10 cents.

ZWIEBACK Zwie"back`, n. [G., fr. zwie-two, twice (see Twice) + backen to bake.]

Defn: A kind of biscuit or rusk first baked in a loaf and afterwards cut and toasted.

ZWINGLIAN Zwing"li*an, a. (Theol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to Ulric Zwingli (1481-1531), the reformer of German Switzerland, who maintained that in the Lord's Supper the true body of Christ is present by the contemplation of faith but not in essence or reality, and that the sacrament is a memorial without mystical elements. -- n.

Defn: A follower of Zwingli.

ZYGANTRUM Zy*gan"trum, n.; pl. Zygantra. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: See under Zygosphene.

ZYGAPOPHYSIS Zyg`a*poph"y*sis, n.; pl. Zygapophyses. Etym: [Gr. apophysis.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the articular processes of a vertebra, of which there are usually four, two anterior and two posterior. See under Vertebra. -- Zyg`ap*o*phys"i*al, a.

ZYGENID Zyg"e*nid, n. Etym: [Cf. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of moths of the family Zygænidæ, most of which are bright colored. The wood nymph and the vine forester are examples. Also used adjectively.

ZYGOBRANCHIA Zyg`o*bran"chi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of marine gastropods in which the gills are developed on both sides of the body and the renal organs are also paired. The abalone (Haliotis) and the keyhole limpet (Fissurella) are examples.

ZYGOBRANCHIATE Zyg`o*bran"chi*ate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Zygobranchia.

ZYGODACTYL; ZYGODACTYLE Zyg`o*dac"tyl, Zyg`o*dac"tyle, n. Etym: [See Zygodactylic.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any zygodactylous bird.

ZYGODACTYLAE Zyg`o*dac"ty*læ, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The zygodactylous birds. In a restricted sense applied to a division of birds which includes the barbets, toucans, honey guides, and other related birds.

ZYGODACTYLI Zyg`o*dac"ty*li, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Scansores.

ZYGODACTYLIC; ZYGODACTYLOUS Zyg`o*dac"ty*lic, Zyg`o*dac"tyl*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. zygodactyle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Yoke-footed; having the toes disposed in pairs; -- applied to birds which have two toes before and two behind, as the parrot, cuckoo, woodpecker, etc.

ZYGOMA Zy*go"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) (a) The jugal, malar, or cheek bone. (b) The zygomatic process of the temporal bone. (c) The whole zygomatic arch.

ZYGOMATIC Zyg`o*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. zygomatique.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the zygoma. Zygomatic arch, the arch of bone beneath the orbit, formed in most mammals by the union of the malar, or jugal, with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. In the lower vertebrates other bones may help to form it, and there may be two arches on each side of the skull, as in some reptiles. -- Zygomatic process, a process of the temporal or squamosal bone helping to form the zygomatic arch.

ZYGOMORPHIC; ZYGOMORPHOUS Zyg`o*mor"phic, Zyg`o*mor"phous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Symmetrical bilaterally; -- said of organisms, or parts of organisms, capable of division into two symmetrical halves only in a single plane.

ZYGOPHYTE Zy"go*phyte, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Any plant of a proposed class or grand division (Zygophytes, Zygophyta, or Zygosporeæ), in which reproduction consists in the union of two similar cells. Cf. Oöphyte.

ZYGOSIS Zy*go"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Conjugation.

ZYGOSPERM Zyg"o*sperm, n. Etym: [Gr. sperm.] (Bot.)

Defn: A spore formed by the union of the contents of two similar cells, either of the same or of distinct individual plants. Zygosperms are found in certain orders of algæ and fungi.

ZYGOSPHENE Zyg"o*sphene, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A median process on the front part of the neural arch of the vertebræ of most snakes and some lizards, which fits into a fossa, called the zygantrum, on the back part of the arch in front.

ZYGOSPORE Zyg"o*spore, n. Etym: [Gr. spore.] (Bot.) (a) Same as Zygosperm. (b) A spore formed by the union of several zoöspores; -- called also zygozoöspore.

ZYLONITE Zy"lon*ite, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Celluloid.

ZYMASE Zym"ase, n. Etym: [From Zyme.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A soluble ferment, or enzyme. See Enzyme.

ZYME Zyme, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. A ferment.

2. (Med.)

Defn: The morbific principle of a zymotic disease. Quain.

ZYMIC Zym"ic, a. (Old Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or produced by, fermentation; -- formerly, by confusion, used to designate lactic acid.

ZYMOGEN Zym"o*gen, n. Etym: [Zyme + -gen.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A mother substance, or antecedent, of an enzyme or chemical ferment; -- applied to such substances as, not being themselves actual ferments, may by internal changes give rise to a ferment. The pancreas contains but little ready-made ferment, though there is present in it a body, zymogen, which gives birth to the ferment. Foster.

ZYMOGENE Zym"o*gene, n. Etym: [Zyme + root of Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: One of a physiological group of globular bacteria which produces fermentations of diverse nature; -- distinguished from pathogene.

ZYMOGENIC Zym`o*gen"ic, a. (Biol.) (a) Pertaining to, or formed by, a zymogene. (b) Capable of producing a definite zymogen or ferment. Zymogenic organism (Biol.), a microörganism, such as the yeast plant of the Bacterium lactis, which sets up certain fermentative processes by which definite chemical products are formed; -- distinguished from a pathogenic organism. Cf. Micrococcus.

ZYMOLOGIC; ZYMOLOGICAL Zy`mo*log"ic, Zy`mo*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. zymologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to zymology.

ZYMOLOGIST Zy*mol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who is skilled in zymology, or in the fermentation of liquors.

ZYMOLOGY Zy*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Zyme + -logy: cf. F. zymologie.]

Defn: A treatise on the fermentation of liquors, or the doctrine of fermentation. [Written also zumology.]

ZYMOLYSIS Zy*mol"y*sis, n. [NL. See Zyme, and Lysis.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The action of enzymes; also, the changes produced by such action. --Zy`mo*lyt"ic (#), a.

ZYMOME Zy"mome, n. Etym: [Gr. (Old Chem.)

Defn: A glutinous substance, insoluble in alcohol, resembling legumin; -- now called vegetable fibrin, vegetable albumin, or gluten casein.

ZYMOMETER; ZYMOSIMETER Zy*mom"e*ter, Zy`mo*sim"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter: cf. F. zymosimètre.]

Defn: An instrument for ascertaining the degree of fermentation occasioned by the mixture of different liquids, and the degree of heat which they acquire in fermentation.

ZYMOPHYTE Zym"o*phyte, n. Etym: [Zyme + Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A bacteroid ferment.

ZYMOSE Zy*mose", n. (Chem.)

Defn: Invertin.

ZYMOSIS Zy*mo"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) A fermentation; hence, an analogous process by which an infectious disease is believed to be developed. (b) A zymotic disease. [R.]

ZYMOTIC Zy*mot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

1. Of, pertaining to, or caused by, fermentation.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Designating, or pertaining to, a certain class of diseases. See Zymotic disease, below. Zymotic disease (Med.), any epidemic, endemic, contagious, or sporadic affection which is produced by some morbific principle or organism acting on the system like a ferment.

ZYTHEM Zy"them, n.

Defn: See Zythum.

ZYTHEPSARY Zy*thep"sa*ry, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A brewery. [R.]

ZYTHUM Zy"thumn. Etym: [L.fr. Gr.

Defn: A kind of ancient malt beverage; a liquor made from malt and wheat. [Written also zythem.]