Chapter CCCXCII: Prologue (43)

SCARCE Scarce, a. [Compar. Scarcer; superl. Scarcest.] Etym: [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See Carpet, and cf. Excerp.]

1. Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. You tell him silver is scarcer now in England, and therefore risen one fifth in value. Locke. The scarcest of all is a Pescennius Niger on a medallion well preserved. Addison.

2. Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); -- with of. [Obs.] "A region scarce of prey." Milton.

3. Sparing; frugal; parsimonious; stingy. [Obs.] "Too scarce ne too sparing." Chaucer. To make one's self scarce, to decamp; to depart. [Slang]

Syn. -- Rare; infrequent; deficient. See Rare.

SCARCE; SCARCELY Scarce, Scarce"ly, adv.

1. With difficulty; hardly; scantly; barely; but just. With a scarce well-lighted flame. Milton. The eldest scarcely five year was of age. Chaucer. Slowly she sails, and scarcely stems the tides. Dryden. He had scarcely finished, when the laborer arrived who had been sent for my ransom. W. Irwing.

2. Frugally; penuriously. [Obs.] haucer.

SCARCEMENT Scarce"ment, n. (Arch. & Engin.)

Defn: An offset where a wall or bank of earth, etc., retreats, leaving a shelf or footing.

SCARCENESS; SCARCITY Scarce"ness, Scar"ci*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or condition of being scarce; smallness of quantity in proportion to the wants or demands; deficiency; lack of plenty; short supply; penury; as, a scarcity of grain; a great scarcity of beauties. Chaucer. A scarcity of snow would raise a mutiny at Naples. Addison. Praise . . . owes its value to its scarcity. Rambler. The value of an advantage is enhanced by its scarceness. Collier.

Syn. -- Deficiency; lack; want; penury; dearth; rareness; rarity; infrequency.

SCARD Scard, n.

Defn: A shard or fragment. [Obs.]

SCARE Scare, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scared; p. pr. & vb. n. Scaring.] Etym: [OE. skerren, skeren, Icel. skirra to bar, prevent, skirrask to shun , shrink from; or fr. OE. skerre, adj., scared, Icel. skjarr; both perhaps akin to E. sheer to turn.]

Defn: To frighten; to strike with sudden fear; to alarm. The noise of thy crossbow Will scare the herd, and so my shoot is lost. Shak. To scare away, to drive away by frightening. -- To scare up, to find by search, as if by beating for game. [Slang]

Syn. -- To alarm; frighten; startle; affright; terrify.

SCARE Scare, n.

Defn: Fright; esp., sudden fright produced by a trifling cause, or originating in mistake. [Colloq.]

SCARECROW Scare"crow`, n.

1. Anything set up to frighten crows or other birds from cornfields; hence, anything terifying without danger. A scarecrow set to frighten fools away. Dryden.

2. A person clad in rags and tatters. No eye hath seen such scarecrows. I'll not march with them through Coventry, that's flat. Shak.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The black tern. [Prov. Eng.]

SCAREFIRE Scare"fire`, n.

1. An alarm of fire. [Obs.]

2. A fire causing alarm. [Obs.] Fuller.

SCARF Scarf, n. Etym: [Icel. skarfr.]

Defn: A cormorant. [Scot.]

SCARF Scarf, n.; pl. Scarfs, rarely Scarves. Etym: [Cf. OF. escharpe a piligrim's scrip, or wallet (handing about the neck.), F. écharpe sash, scarf; probably from OHG. scharpe pocket; also (from the French) Dan. skiærf; Sw. skärp, Prov. G. schärfe, LG. scherf, G. schärpe; and also AS. scearf a fragment; possibly akin to E. scrip a wallet. Cf. Scarp a scarf.]

Defn: An article of dress of a light and decorative character, worn loosely over the shoulders or about the neck or the waist; a light shawl or handkerchief for the neck; also, a cravat; a neckcloth. Put on your hood and scarf. Swift. With care about the banners, scarves, and staves. R. Browning.

SCARF Scarf, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarfed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scarfing.]

1. To throw on loosely; to put on like a scarf. "My sea-gown scarfed about me." Shak.

2. To dress with a scarf, or as with a scarf; to cover with a loose wrapping. Shak.

SCARF Scarf, v. t. Etym: [Sw. skarfva to eke out, to join together, skarf a seam, joint; cf. Dan. skarre to joint, to unite timber, Icel. skara to clinich the planks of a boat, G. scharben to chop, to cut small.] (a) To form a scarf on the end or edge of, as for a joint in timber, metal rods, etc. (b) To unite, as two pieces of timber or metal, by a scarf joint.

SCARF Scarf, n. (a) In a piece which is to be united to another by a scarf joint, the part of the end or edge that is tapered off, rabbeted, or notched so as to be thinner than the rest of the piece. (b) A scarf joint. Scarf joint (a) A joint made by overlapping and bolting or locking together the ends of two pieces of timber that are halved, notched, or cut away so that they will fit each other and form a lengthened beam of the same size at the junction as elsewhere. (b) A joint formed by welding, riveting, or brazing together the overlapping scarfed ends, or edges, of metal rods, sheets, etc. -- Scarf weld. See under Weld.

SCARFSKIN Scarf"skin`, n. (Anat.)

Defn: See Epidermis.

SCARIFICATION Scar`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. scarificatio: cf. F. scarification.]

Defn: The act of scarifying.

SCARIFICATOR Scar"i*fi*ca`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. scarificateur.] (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument, principally used in cupping, containing several lancets moved simultaneously by a spring, for making slight incisions.

SCARIFIER Scar"i*fi`er, n.

1. One who scarifies.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: The instrument used for scarifying.

3. (Agric.)

Defn: An implement for stripping and loosening the soil, without bringing up a fresh surface. You have your scarifiers to make the ground clean. Southey.

SCARIFY Scar"i*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarified; p. pr. & vb. n. Scarifying.] Etym: [F. scarifier, L. scarificare, scarifare, fr. Gr.

1. To scratch or cut the skin of; esp. (Med.), to make small incisions in, by means of a lancet or scarificator, so as to draw blood from the smaller vessels without opening a large vein.

2. (Agric.)

Defn: To stir the surface soil of, as a field.

SCARIOSE; SCARIOUS Sca"ri*ose, Sca"ri*ous, a. Etym: [F. scarieux, NL. scariosus. Cf. Scary.] (Bot.)

Defn: Thin, dry, membranous, and not green. Gray.

SCARLATINA Scar`la*ti"na, n. Etym: [NL.: cf. F. scarlatine. See Scarlet.] (Med.)

Defn: Scarlet fever. -- Scar`la*ti"nal, a. -- Scar*lat"i*nous (# or #), a.

SCARLESS Scar"less, a.

Defn: Free from scar. Drummond.

SCARLET Scar"let, n. Etym: [OE. scarlat, scarlet, OF. escarlate, F. écarlate (cf. Pr. escarlat, escarlata, Sp. & Pg. escarlata, It. scarlatto, LL. scarlatum), from Per. sakirlat.]

Defn: A deep bright red tinged with orange or yellow, -- of many tints and shades; a vivid or bright red color.

2. Cloth of a scarlet color. All her household are clothed with scarlet. Prov. xxxi. 21.

SCARLET Scar"let, a.

Defn: Of the color called scarlet; as, a scarlet cloth or thread. Scarlet admiral (Zoöl.), the red admiral. See under Red. -- Scarlet bean (Bot.), a kind of bean (Phaseolus multiflorus) having scarlet flowers; scarlet runner. -- Scarlet fever (Med.), a contagious febrile disease characterized by inflammation of the fauces and a scarlet rash, appearing usually on the second day, and ending in desquamation about the sixth or seventh day. -- Scarlet fish (Zoöl.), the telescope fish; -- so called from its red color. See under Telescope. -- Scarlet ibis (Zoöl.) See under Ibis. -- Scarlet maple (Bot.), the red maple. See Maple. -- Scarlet mite (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species of bright red carnivorous mites found among grass and moss, especially Thombidium holosericeum and allied species. The young are parasitic upon spiders and insects. -- Scarlet oak (Bot.), a species of oak (Quercus coccinea) of the United States; -- so called from the scarlet color of its leaves in autumn. -- Scarlet runner (Bot.), the scarlet bean. -- Scarlet tanager. (Zoöl.) See under Tanager.

SCARLET Scar"let, v. t.

Defn: To dye or tinge with scarlet. [R.] The ashy paleness of my cheek Is scarleted in ruddy flakes of wrath. Ford.

SCARMAGE; SCARMOGE Scar"mage, Scar"moge, n.

Defn: A slight contest; a skirmish. See Skirmish. [Obs.] Such cruel game my scarmoges disarms. Spenser.

SCARN Scarn, n. Etym: [Icel. skarn; akin to AS. scearn. Cf. Shearn.]

Defn: Dung. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ray. Scarn bee (Zoöl.), a dung beetle.

SCAROID Sca"roid, a. Etym: [Scarus + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Scaridæ, a family of marine fishes including the parrot fishes.

SCARP Scarp, n. Etym: [OF. escharpe. See 2d Scarf.] (Her.)

Defn: A band in the same position as the bend sinister, but only half as broad as the latter.

SCARP Scarp, n. Etym: [Aphetic form of Escarp.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: The slope of the ditch nearest the parapet; the escarp.

2. A steep descent or declivity.

SCARP Scarp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarped; p. pr. & vb. n. Scarping.]

Defn: To cut down perpendicularly, or nearly so; as, to scarp the face of a ditch or a rock. From scarped cliff and quarried stone. Tennyson. Sweep ruins from the scarped mountain. Emerson.

SCARRING Scar"ring, n.

Defn: A scar; a mark. We find upon the limestone rocks the scarrings of the ancient glacier which brought the bowlder here. Tyndall.

SCARRY Scar"ry, a.

Defn: Bearing scars or marks of wounds.

SCARRY Scar"ry, a. Etym: [See 4th Scar.]

Defn: Like a scar, or rocky eminence; containing scars. Holinshed.

SCARUS Sca"rus, n. Etym: [L. See Scar a kind of fish.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A Mediterranean food fish (Sparisoma scarus) od excellent quality and highly valued by the Romans; -- called also parrot fish.

SCARY Sca"ry, n. Etym: [Prov. E. scare scraggy.]

Defn: Barren land having only a thin coat of grass. [Prov. Eng.]

SCARY Scar"y, a. Etym: [From Scare.]

1. Subject to sudden alarm. [Colloq.U.S.] Whittier.

2. Causing fright; alarming. [Colloq.U.S.]

SCASELY Scase"ly, adv.

Defn: Scarcely; hardly. [Obs. or Colloq.] Robynson (More's Utopia)

SCAT Scat, interj.

Defn: Go away; begone; away; -- chiefly used in driving off a cat.

SCAT; SCATT Scat, Scatt, n. Etym: [Icel. scattr.]

Defn: Tribute. [R.] "Seizing scatt and treasure." Longfellow.

SCAT Scat, n.

Defn: A shower of rain. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

SCATCH Scatch, n. Etym: [F. escache.]

Defn: A kind of bit for the bridle of a horse; -- called also scatchmouth. Bailey.

SCATCHES Scatch"es, n.; pl. Etym: [OF. eschaces, F. échasses, fr. D. schaats a high-heeled shoe, a skate. See Skate, for the foot.]

Defn: Stilts. [Prov. Eng.]

SCATE Scate, n.

Defn: See Skate, for the foot.

SCATEBROUS Scat"e*brous, a. Etym: [L. scatebra a gushing up of water, from scatere to bubble, gush.]

Defn: Abounding with springs. [Obs.]

SCATH Scath, n. Etym: [Icel. skathi; akin to Dan. skade, Sw. skada, AS. sceatha, scatha, foe, injurer, OS. skatho, D. schade, schaden; cf. Gr. Scathe, v.]

Defn: Harm; damage; injury; hurt; waste; misfortune. [Written also scathe.] But she was somedeal deaf, and that was skathe. Chaucer. Great mercy, sure, for to enlarge a thrall, Whose freedom shall thee turn to greatest scath. Spenser. Wherein Rome hath done you any scath, Let him make treble satisfaction. Shak.

SCATHE; SCATH Scathe, Scath, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scathed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scathing.] Etym: [Icel. skatha; akin to AS. sceathan, sceth\'eban, Dan. skade, Sw. skada, D. & G. schaden, OHG. scadon, Goth. skaÞjan.]

Defn: To do harm to; to injure; to damage; to waste; to destroy. As when heaven's fire Hath scathed the forest oaks or mountain pines. Milton. Strokes of calamity that scathe and scorch the soul. W. Irwing.

SCATHFUL Scath"ful, a.

Defn: Harmful; doing damage; pernicious. Shak. -- Scath"ful*ness, n.

SCATHLESS Scath"less, a.

Defn: Unharmed. R. L. Stevenson. He, too, . . . is to be dismissed scathless. Sir W. Scott.

SCATHLY Scath"ly, a.

Defn: Injurious; scathful. [Obs.]

SCATTER Scat"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scattered; p. pr. & vb. n. Scattering.] Etym: [OE. scateren. See Shatter.]

1. To strew about; to sprinkle around; to throw down loosely; to deposit or place here and there, esp. in an open or sparse order. And some are scattered all the floor about. Chaucer. Why should my muse enlarge on Libyan swains, Their scattered cottages, and ample plains Dryden. Teach the glad hours to scatter, as they fly, Soft quiet, gentle love, and endless joy. Prior.

2. To cause to separate in different directions; to reduce from a close or compact to a loose or broken order; to dissipate; to disperse. Scatter and disperse the giddy Goths. Shak.

3. Hence, to frustrate, disappoint, and overthrow; as, to scatter hopes, plans, or the like.

Syn. -- To disperse; dissipate; spread; strew.

SCATTER Scat"ter, v. i.

Defn: To be dispersed or dissipated; to disperse or separate; as, clouds scatter after a storm.

SCATTER-BRAIN Scat"ter-brain`, n.

Defn: A giddy or thoughtless person; one incapable of concentration or attention. [Written also scatter-brains.]

SCATTER-BRAINED Scat"ter-brained`, a.

Defn: Giddy; thoughtless.

SCATTERED Scat"tered, a.

1. Dispersed; dissipated; sprinkled, or loosely spread.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Irregular in position; having no regular order; as, scattered leaves. -- Scat"tered*ly, adv. -- Scat"tered*ness, n.

SCATTERGOOD Scat"ter*good`, n.

Defn: One who wastes; a spendthrift.

SCATTERING Scat"ter*ing, a.

Defn: Going or falling in various directions; not united or agregated; divided among many; as, scattering votes.

SCATTERING Scat"ter*ing, n.

Defn: Act of strewing about; something scattered. South.

SCATTERINGLY Scat"ter*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a scattering manner; dispersedly.

SCATTERLING Scat"ter*ling, n. Etym: [Scatter + -ling.]

Defn: One who has no fixed habitation or residence; a vagabond. [Obs.] "Foreign scatterlings." Spenser.

SCATURIENT Sca*tu"ri*ent, a.Etym: [L. scaturiens, p.pr. of scaturire gush out, from scatere to bubble, gush.]

Defn: Gushing forth; full to overflowing; effusive. [R.] A pen so scaturient and unretentive. Sir W. Scott.

SCATURIGINOUS Scat`u*rig"i*nous, a. Etym: [L. skaturiginosus, fr. scaturigo gushing water. See Scaturient.]

Defn: Abounding with springs. [Obs.]

SCAUP Scaup, n. Etym: [See Scalp a bed of oysters or mussels.]

1. A bed or stratum of shellfish; scalp. [Scot.]

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A scaup duck. See below. Scaup duck (Zoöl.), any one of several species of northern ducks of the genus Aythya, or Fuligula. The adult males are, in large part, black. The three North American species are: the greater scaup duck (Aythya marila, var. nearctica), called also broadbill, bluebill, blackhead, flock duck, flocking fowl, and raft duck; the lesser scaup duck (A. affinis), called also little bluebill, river broadbill, and shuffler; the tufted, or ring-necked, scaup duck (A. collaris), called also black jack, ringneck, ringbill, ringbill shuffler, etc. See Illust. of Ring-necked, under Ring- necked. The common European scaup, or mussel, duck (A.marila), closely resembles the American variety.

SCAUPER Scaup"er, n. Etym: [Cf. Scalper.]

Defn: A tool with a semicircular edge, -- used by engravers to clear away the spaces between the lines of an engraving. Fairholt.

SCAUR Scaur, n.

Defn: A precipitous bank or rock; a scar.

SCAVAGE Scav"age (; 48), n. Etym: [LL. scavagium, fr. AS. sceáwian to lock at to inspect. See Show.] (O.Eng. Law)

Defn: A toll duty formerly exacted of merchant strangers by mayors, sheriffs, etc., for goods shown or offered for sale within their precincts. Cowell.

SCAVENGE Scav"enge, v. t.

Defn: To cleanse, as streets, from filth. C. Kingsley.

SCAVENGER Scav"en*ger, n. Etym: [OE. scavager an officer with various duties, orginally attending to scavage, fr. OE. & E. scavage. See Scavage, Show, v.]

Defn: A person whose employment is to clean the streets of a city, by scraping or sweeping, and carrying off the fifth. The name is also applied to any animal which devours refuse, carrion, or anything injurious to health. Scavenger beetle (Zoöl.), any beetle which feeds on decaying substances, as the carrion beetle. -- Scavanger crab (Zoöl.), any crab which feeds on dead animals, as the spider crab. -- Scavenger's daughter Etym: [corrupt. of Skevington's daughter], an instrument of torture invented by Sir W. Skevington, which so compressed the body as to force the blood to flow from nostrils. and sometimes from the hands and feet. Am. Cyc.

SCAVENGING Scav"eng*ing, p. pr. & vb. n. of Scavenge. Hence, n. (Internal- combustion Engines)

Defn: Act or process of expelling the exhaust gases from the cylinder by some special means, as, in many four-cycle engines, by utilizing the momentum of the exhaust gases in a long exhaust pipe.

SCAZON Sca"zon, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. to limp.] (Lat. Pros.)

Defn: A choliamb.

SCELERAT Scel"er*at, n. Etym: [F. scéléra from L. sceleratus, p.p. of scelerare to pollute, from scelus, sceleris, a crime.]

Defn: A villian; a criminal. [Obs.] Cheyne.

SCELESTIC Sce*les"tic, a. Etym: [L. scelestus, from scelus wickedness.]

Defn: Evil; wicked; atrocious. [Obs.] "Scelestic villainies." Feltham.

SCELET Scel"et, n. Etym: [See Skeleton.]

Defn: A mummy; a skeleton. [Obs.] olland.

SCENA Sce"na, n. Etym: [It.] (Mus.) (a) A scene in an opera. (b) An accompanied dramatic recitative, interspersed with passages of melody, or followed by a full aria. Rockstro.

SCENARIO Sce*na"ri*o, n. Etym: [It.]

Defn: A preliminary sketch of the plot, or main incidents, of an opera.

SCENARY Scen"a*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. L. scenarius belonging to the stage.]

Defn: Scenery. [Obs.] Dryden.

SCENE Scene, n. Etym: [L. scaena, scena, Gr.

1. The structure on which a spectacle or play is exhibited; the part of a theater in which the acting is done, with its adjuncts and decorations; the stage.

2. The decorations and fittings of a stage, representing the place in which the action is supposed to go on; one of the slides, or other devices, used to give an appearance of reality to the action of a play; as, to paint scenes; to shift the scenes; to go behind the scenes.

3. So much of a play as passes without change of locality or time, or important change of character; hence, a subdivision of an act; a separate portion of a play, subordinate to the act, but differently determined in different plays; as, an act of four scenes. My dismal scene I needs must act alone. Shak.

4. The place, time, circumstance, etc., in which anything occurs, or in which the action of a story, play, or the like, is laid; surroundings amid which anything is set before the imagination; place of occurence, exhibition, or action. "In Troy, there lies the scene." Shak. The world is a vast scene of strife. J. M. Mason.

5. An assemblage of objects presented to the view at once; a series of actions and events exhibited in their connection; a spectacle; a show; an exhibition; a view. Through what new scenes and changes must we pass! Addison.

6. A landscape, or part of a landscape; scenery. A sylvan scene with various greens was drawn, Shades on the sides, and in the midst a lawn. Dryden.

7. An exhibition of passionate or strong feeling before others; often, an artifical or affected action, or course of action, done for effect; a theatrical display. Probably no lover of scenes would have had very long to wait De Quincey. Behind the scenes, behind the scenery of a theater; out of the view of the audience, but in sight of the actors, machinery, etc.; hence, conversant with the hidden motives and agencies of what appears to public view.

SCENE Scene, v. t.

Defn: To exhibit as a scene; to make a scene of; to display. [Obs.] Abp. Sancroft.

SCENEFUL Scene"ful, a.

Defn: Having much scenery. [R.]

SCENEMAN Scene"man, n.; pl. Scenemen (.

Defn: The man who manages the movable scenes in a theater.

SCENERY Scen"er*y, n.

1. Assemblage of scenes; the scenes of a play; the disposition and arrangement of the scenes in which the action of a play, poem, etc., is laid; representation of place of action or occurence.

2. Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as regards variety and beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination of natural views, as woods, hills, etc. Never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime and beautiful of natural scenery. W. Irving.

SCENESHIFTER Scene"shift`er, n.

Defn: One who moves the scenes in a theater; a sceneman.

SCENIC; SCENICAL Scen"ic, Scen"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. scaenicus, scenicus, Gr. scénique. See Scene.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to scenery; of the nature of scenery; theatrical. All these situations communicate a scenical animation to the wild romance, if treated dramatically. De Quincey.

SCENOGRAPH Scen"o*graph, n. Etym: [See Scenography.]

Defn: A perspective representation or general view of an object.

SCENOGRAPHIC; SCENOGRAPHICAL Scen`o*graph"ic, Scen`o*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. scénographique, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to scenography; drawn in perspective. -- Scen`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

SCENOGRAPHY Sce*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [L. scenographia, Gr. scénographie.]

Defn: The art or act of representing a body on a perspective plane; also, a representation or description of a body, in all its dimensions, as it appears to the eye. Greenhill.

SCENT Scent, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scented; p. pr. & vb. n. Scenting.] Etym: [Originally sent, fr. F. sentir to feel, to smell. See Sense.]

1. To perceive by the olfactory organs; to smell; as, to scent game, as a hound does. Methinks I scent the morning air. Shak.

2. To imbue or fill with odor; to perfume. Balm from a silver box distilled around, Shall all bedew the roots, and scent the sacred ground. Dryden.

SCENT Scent, v. i.

1. To have a smell. [Obs.] Thunderbolts . . . do scent strongly of brimstone. Holland.

2. To hunt animals by means of the sense of smell.

SCENT Scent, n.

1. That which, issuing from a body, affects the olfactory organs of animals; odor; smell; as, the scent of an orange, or of a rose; the scent of musk. With lavish hand diffuses scents ambrosial. prior.

2. Specifically, the odor left by an animal on the ground in passing over it; as, dogs find or lose the scent; hence, course of pursuit; track of discovery. He gained the observations of innumerable ages, and traveled upon the same scent into Ethiopia. Sir W. Temple.

3. The power of smelling; the sense of smell; as, a hound of nice scent; to divert the scent. I. Watts.

SCENTFUL Scent"ful, a.

1. Full of scent or odor; odorous. "A scentful nosegay." W. Browne.

2. Of quick or keen smell. The scentful osprey by the rock had fished. W. Browne.

SCENTINGLY Scent"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By scent. [R.] Fuller.

SCENTLESS Scent"less, a.

Defn: Having no scent. The scentless and the scented rose. Cowper.

SCEPSIS Scep"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. skepsis. See Skeptic.]

Defn: Skepticism; skeptical philosophy. [R.] Among their products were the system of Locke, the scepsis of Hume, the critical philosophy of kant. J. martineau.

SCEPTER; SCEPTRE Scep"ter, Scep"tre, n. Etym: [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. shaft. See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.]

1. A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of authority; a royal mace. And the king held out Esther the golden scepter that was in his hand. Esther v. 2.

2. Hence, royal or imperial power or authority; sovereignty; as, to assume the scepter. The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shilon come. Gen. xlix. 10.

SCEPTER; SCEPTRE Scep"ter, Scep"tre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sceptered or Sceptred (p. pr. & vb. n. Sceptering or Sceptring (.]

Defn: To endow with the scepter, or emblem of authority; to invest with royal authority. To Britain's queen the sceptered suppliant bends. Tickell.

SCEPTERELLATE Scep`ter*el"late, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a straight shaft with whorls of spines; -- said of certain sponge spicules. See Illust. under Spicule.

SCEPTERLESS; SCEPTRELESS Scep"ter*less, Scep"tre*less, a.

Defn: Having no scepter; without authority; powerless; as, a scepterless king.

SCEPTIC; SCEPTICAL; SCEPTICISM Scep"tic, Scep"tic*al, Scep"ti*cism,

Defn: etc. See Skeptic, Skeptical, Skepticism, etc.

SCEPTRAL Scep"tral, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a scepter; like a scepter.

SCERN Scern, v. t.

Defn: To discern; to perceive. [Obs.]

SCHADE Schade, n.

Defn: Shade; shadow. [Obs.]

Note: English words now beginning with sh, like shade, were formerly often spelled with a c between the s and h; as, schade; schame; schape; schort, etc.

SCHAH Schah, n.

Defn: See Shah.

SCHAPPE Schap"pe, n. [G. dial. (Swiss), waste, impurity.]

Defn: A silk yarn or fabric made out of carded spun silk.

SCHATCHEN Schat"chen, n. [Yiddish, fr. NHeb. shadkhan, fr. shadakh to bring about a marriage, orig., to persuade.]

Defn: A person whose business is marriage brokage; a marriage broker, esp. among certain Jews.

SCHEDIASM Sche"di*asm, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Cursory writing on a loose sheet. [R.]

SCHEDULE Sched"ule (; in England commonly ; 277), n. Etym: [F. cédule, formerly also spelt schedule, L. schedula, dim. of scheda, scida, a strip of papyrus bark, a leaf of paper; akin to (or perh. from) Gr. scindere to cleave, Gr. Schism, and cf. Cedule.]

Defn: A written or printed scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease, a statute, etc.

Syn. -- Catalogue; list; inventory. see List.

SCHEDULE Sched"ule, v. t.

Defn: To form into, or place in, a schedule.

SCHEELE'S GREEN Scheele's" green`. Etym: [See Scheelite.] (Chem.)

Defn: See under Green.

SCHEELIN Scheel"in, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Scheelium. [Obs.]

SCHEELITE Scheel"ite (, n. Etym: [From C.W.Scheele, a Swedish chemist.] (Min.)

Defn: Calcium tungstate, a mineral of a white or pale yellowish color and of the tetragonal system of crystallization.

SCHEELIUM Schee"li*um, n. Etym: [NL. From C.W.Scheele, who discovered it.] (Chem.)

Defn: The metal tungsten. [Obs.]

SCHEIK Scheik (shek or shak), n.

Defn: See Sheik.

SCHELLY Schel"ly, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The powan. [Prov. Eng.]

SCHEMA Sche"ma, n.; pl. Schemata, E. Schemas. Etym: [G. See Scheme.] (Kantian Philos.)

Defn: An outline or image universally applicable to a general conception, under which it is likely to be presented to the mind; as, five dots in a line are a schema of the number five; a preceding and succeeding event are a schema of cause and effect.

SCHEMATIC Sche*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a scheme or a schema.

SCHEMATISM Sche"ma*tism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. schématisme (cf. L. schematismos florid speech), fr. Gr. Scheme.]

1. (Astrol.)

Defn: Combination of the aspects of heavenly bodies.

2. Particular form or disposition of a thing; an exhibition in outline of any systematic arrangement. [R.]

SCHEMATIST Sche"ma*tist, n.

Defn: One given to forming schemes; a projector; a schemer. Swift.

SCHEMATIZE Sche"ma*tize, v. i. Etym: [Cf. F. schématiser, Gr.

Defn: To form a scheme or schemes.

SCHEME Scheme, n. Etym: [L. schema a rhetorical figure, a shape, figure, manner, Gr. sah to be victorious, to endure, to hold out, AS. sige victory, G. sieg. Cf. Epoch, Hectic, School.]

1. A combination of things connected and adjusted by design; a system. The appearance and outward scheme of things. Locke. Such a scheme of things as shall at once take in time and eternity. Atterbury. Arguments . . . sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral philosophy. J. Edwards. The Revolution came and changed his whole scheme of life. Macaulay.

2. A plan or theory something to be done; a design; a project; as, to form a scheme. The stoical scheme of supplying our wants by lopping off our desires, is like cuttig off our feet when we want shoes. Swift.

3. Any lineal or mathematical diagram; an outline. To draw an exact scheme of Constantinople, or a map of France. South.

4. (Astrol.)

Defn: A representation of the aspects of the celestial bodies for any moment o at a given event. A blue case, from which was drawn a scheme of nativity. Sir W. Scott.

Syn. -- Plan; project; contrivance; purpose; device; plot. -- Scheme, Plan. Scheme and plan are subordinate to design; they propose modes of carrying our designs into effect. Scheme is the least definite of the two, and lies more in speculation. A plan is drawn out into details with a view to being carried into effect. As schemes are speculative, they often prove visionary; hence the opprobrious use of the words schemer and scheming. Plans, being more practical, are more frequently carried into effect. He forms the well-concerted scheme of mischief; 'T is fixed, 't is done, and both are doomed to death. Rowe. Artists and plans relieved my solemn hours; I founded palaces, and planted bowers. prior.

SCHEME Scheme, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schemed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scheming.]

Defn: To make a scheme of; to plan; to design; to project; to plot. That wickedness which schemed, and executed, his destruction. G. Stuart.

SCHEME Scheme, v. i.

Defn: To form a scheme or schemes.

SCHEMEFUL Scheme"ful, a.

Defn: Full of schemes or plans.

SCHEMER Schem"er, n.

Defn: One who forms schemes; a projector; esp., a plotter; an intriguer. Schemers and confederates in guilt. Paley.

SCHEMING Schem"ing, a.

Defn: Given to forming schemes; artful; intriguing. -- Schem"ing*ly, adv.

SCHEMIST Schem"ist, n.

Defn: A schemer. [R.] Waterland.

SCHENE Schene, n. Etym: [L. schoenus, Gr. schène.] (Antiq.)

Defn: An Egyptian or Persian measure of length, varying from thirthy- two to sixty stadia.

SCHENKBEER Schenk"beer`, n. Etym: [G. schenkbier; schenken to pour out + bier beer; -- so called because put on draught soon after it is made.]

Defn: A mild German beer.

SCHERBET Scher"bet, n.

Defn: See Sherbet.

SCHERIF Scher"if ( or ), n.

Defn: See Sherif.

SCHERZANDO Scher*zan"do, adv. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: In a playful or sportive manner.

SCHERZO Scher"zo, n. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: A playful, humorous movement, commonly in 3-4 measure, which often takes the place of the old minuet and trio in a sonata or a symphony.

SCHESIS Sche"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Scheme.]

1. General state or disposition of the body or mind, or of one thing with regard to other things; habitude. [Obs.] Norris.

2. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure of speech whereby the mental habitude of an adversary or opponent is feigned for the purpose of arguing against him. Crabb.

SCHETIC; SCHETICAL Schet"ic, Schet"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the habit of the body; constitutional. [Obs.] Cudworth.

SCHIEDAM Schie*dam", n. Etym: [Short for Schiedam schnapps.]

Defn: Holland gin made at Schiedam in the Netherlands.

SCHILLER Schil"ler, n. Etym: [G., play of colors.] (Min.)

Defn: The peculiar bronzelike luster observed in certain minerals, as hypersthene, schiller spar, etc. It is due to the presence of minute inclusions in parallel position, and in sometimes of secondary origin. Schiller spar (Min.), an altered variety of enstatite, exhibiting, in certain positions, a bronzelike luster.

SCHILLERIZATION Schil`ler*i*za"tion, n. (Min.)

Defn: The act or process of producing schiller in a mineral mass.

SCHILLING Schil"ling, n. Etym: [G. See Shilling.]

Defn: Any one of several small German and Dutch coins, worth from about one and a half cents to about five cents.

SCHINDYLESIS Schin`dy*le"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A form of articulation in which one bone is received into a groove or slit in another.

SCHIRRHUS Schir"rhus, n.

Defn: See Scirrhus.

SCHISM Schism, n. Etym: [OE. scisme, OF. cisme, scisme, F. schisme, L. schisma, Gr. scindere, Skr. child, and prob. to E. shed, v.t. (which see); cf. Rescind, Schedule, Zest.]

Defn: Division or separation; specifically (Eccl.), permanent division or separation in the Christian church; breach of unity among people of the same religious faith; the offense of seeking to produce division in a church without justifiable cause. Set bounds to our passions by reason, to our errors by truth, and to our schisms by charity. Eikon Basilike.

Greek schism (Eccl.), the separation of the Greek and Roman churches. -- Great schism, or Western schism (Eccl.) a schism in the church in the latter part of the 14th century, on account of rival claimants to the papal throne. -- Schism act (Law), an act of the English Parliament requiring all teachers to conform to the Established Church, -- passed in 1714, repealed in 1719.

SCHISMA Schis"ma, n. Etym: [L., a spilt, separation, Gr. schisma. See Schism.] (Anc. Mus.)

Defn: An interval equal to half a comma.

SCHISMATIC Schis*mat"ic (sîz*mât"îk; so nearly all orthoëpists), a. Etym: [L. schismaticus, Gr. schismatique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to schism; implying schism; partaking of the nature of schism; tending to schism; as, schismatic opinions or proposals.

SCHISMATIC Schis*mat"ic, n.

Defn: One who creates or takes part in schism; one who separates from an established church or religious communion on account of a difference of opinion. "They were popularly classed together as canting schismatics." Macaulay.

Syn. -- Heretic; partisan. See Heretic.

SCHISMATICAL Schis*mat"ic*al, a.

Defn: Same as Schismatic. -- Schismat"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Schis*mat"ic*al*ness, n.

SCHISMATIZE Schis"ma*tize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Schismatized; p. pr. & vb. n. Schismatizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. schismatiser.]

Defn: To make part in schism; to make a breach of communion in the church.

SCHISMLESS Schism"less, a.

Defn: Free from schism.

SCHIST Schist (shîst), n. Etym: [Gr. schiste. See Schism.] (Geol.)

Defn: Any crystalline rock having a foliated structure (see Foliation) and hence admitting of ready division into slabs or slates. The common kinds are mica schist, and hornblendic schist, consisting chiefly of quartz with mica or hornblende and often feldspar.

SCHISTACEOUS Schis*ta"ceous, a.

Defn: Of a slate color.

SCHISTIC Schist"ic, a.

Defn: Schistose.

SCHISTOSE; SCHISTOUS Schis*tose", Schist*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. schisteux.] (Geol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to schist; having the structure of a schist.

SCHISTOSITY Schis*tos"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. schistosité.] (Geol.)

Defn: The quality or state of being schistose.

SCHIZO- Schiz"o-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A combining form denoting division or cleavage; as, schizogenesis, reproduction by fission or cell division.

SCHIZOCARP Schiz"o*carp, n. Etym: [Schizo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A dry fruit which splits at maturity into several closed one- seeded portions.

SCHIZOCOELE Schiz"o*coele, n. Etym: [Schizo- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: See Enterocoele.

SCHIZOCOELOUS Schiz`o*coe"lous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a schizocoele.

SCHIZOGENESIS Schiz`o*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Schizo- + genesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: reproduction by fission. Haeckel.

SCHIZOGNATH Schiz"og*nath, n. Etym: [See Schizognathous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any bird with a schizognathous palate.

SCHIZOGNATHAE Schi*zog"na*thæ, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The schizognathous birds.

SCHIZOGNATHISM Schi*zog"na*thism, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: the condition of having a schizognathous palate.

SCHIZOGNATHOUS Schi*zog"na*thous, a. Etym: [Schize- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the maxillo-palatine bones separate from each other and from the vomer, which is pointed in front, as in the gulls, snipes, grouse, and many other birds.

SCHIZOMYCETES Schiz`o*my*ce"tes, n. pl., Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: An order of Schizophyta, including the so-called fission fungi, or bacteria. See Schizophyta, in the Supplement.

SCHIZONEMERTEA Schiz`o*ne*mer"te*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Schizo-, and Nemertes.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of nemerteans comprising those having a deep slit along each side of the head. See Illust. in Appendix.

SCHIZONT Schi"zont (ski"zont or skiz"ont), n. [Gr. , , p.pr., cleaving.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: In certain Sporozoa, a cell formed by the growth of a sporozoite or merozoite (in a cell or corpuscle of the host) which segment by superficial cleavage, without encystment or conjugation, into merozoites.

SCHIZOPELMOUS Schiz`o*pel"mous, a. Etym: [Schizo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the two flexor tendons of the toes entirely separate, and the flexor hallicus going to the first toe only.

SCHIZOPHYTE Schiz"o*phyte, n. Etym: [Schizo- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: One of a class of vegetable organisms, in the classification of Cohn, which includes all of the inferior forms that multiply by fission, whether they contain chlorophyll or not.

SCHIZOPOD Schiz"o*pod, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: one of the Schizopoda. Also used adjectively.

SCHIZOPOD; SCHIZOPODOUS Schiz"o*pod, Schi*zop"o*dous, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a schizopod, or the Schizopoda.

SCHIZOPODA Schi*zop"o*da, n. pl., Etym: [NL. See Schizo-, and -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoracic legs has a long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.

SCHIZORHINAL Schiz`o*rhi"nal, a. Etym: [Schizo- + rhinal.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the nasal bones separate.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the anterior nostrils prolonged backward in the form of a slit.

SCHLICH Schlich, n. Etym: [G.; akin to LG. slik mud, D. slijk, MHG. sl.] (Metal.)

Defn: The finer portion of a crushed ore, as of gold, lead, or tin, separated by the water in certain wet processes. [Written also slich, slick.]

SCHMELZE Schmel"ze, n. Etym: [G. schmelz, schmelzglas.]

Defn: A kind of glass of a red or ruby color, made in Bohemia.

SCHNAPPS Schnapps, n. Etym: [G., a dram of spirits.]

Defn: Holland gin. [U.S.]

SCHNEIDERIAN Schnei*de"ri*an (, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Discovered or described by C. V. Schneider, a German anatomist of the seventeenth century. Schneiderian membrane, the mucous membrane which lines the nasal chambers; the pituitary membrane.

SCHNORRER Schnor"rer, n. [Yiddish, fr. G. schnurrer, fr. schnurren to hum, whir, hence, from the sound of the musical instrument used by strolling beggars, to beg.]

Defn: Among the Jews, a beggar.

SCHOHARIE GRIT Scho*har"ie grit`. (Geol.)

Defn: The formation belonging to the middle of the three subdivisions of the Corniferous period in the American Devonian system; -- so called from Schoharie, in New York, where it occurs. See the Chart of Geology.

SCHOLAR Schol"ar, n. Etym: [OE. scoler, AS. scolere, fr. L. scholaris belonging to a school, fr. schola a school. See School.]

1. One who attends a school; one who learns of a teacher; one under the tuition of a preceptor; a pupil; a disciple; a learner; a student. I am no breeching scholar in the schools. Shak.

2. One engaged in the pursuits of learning; a learned person; one versed in many branches, of knowledge; a person of high literary or scientific attainments; a savant. Shak. Locke.

3. A man of books. Bacon.

4. In English universities, an undergraduate who belongs to the foundation of a college, and receives support in part from its revenues.

Syn. -- Pupil; learner; disciple. -- Scholar, Pupil. Scholar refers to the instruction, and pupil to the care and government, of a teacher. A scholar is one who is under instruction; a pupil is one who is under the immediate and personal care of an instructor; hence we speak of a bright scholar, and an obedient pupil.

SCHOLARITY Scho*lar"i*ty, n. Etym: [OF. scholarité, or LL. scholaritias.]

Defn: Scholarship. [Obs.] . Jonson.

SCHOLARLIKE Schol"ar*like`, a.

Defn: Scholarly. Bacon.

SCHOLARLY Schol"ar*ly, a.

Defn: Like a scholar, or learned person; showing the qualities of a scholar; as, a scholarly essay or critique. -- adv.

Defn: In a scholarly manner.

SCHOLARSHIP Schol"ar*ship, n.

1. The character and qualities of a scholar; attainments in science or literature; erudition; learning. A man of my master's . . . great scholarship. Pope.

2. Literary education. [R.] Any other house of scholarship. Milton.

3. Maintenance for a scholar; a foundation for the support of a student. T. Warton.

Syn. -- Learning; erudition; knowledge.

SCHOLASTIC Scho*las"tic, a. Etym: [L. scholasticus, Gr. scholastique, scolastique. See School.]

1. Pertaining to, or suiting, a scholar, a school, or schools; scholarlike; as, scholastic manners or pride; scholastic learning. Sir K. Digby.

2. Of or pertaining to the schoolmen and divines of the Middle Ages (see Schoolman); as, scholastic divinity or theology; scholastic philosophy. Locke.

3. Hence, characterized by excessive subtilty, or needlessly minute subdivisions; pedantic; formal.

SCHOLASTIC Scho*las"tic, n.

1. One who adheres to the method or subtilties of the schools. Milton.

2. (R.C.Ch.)

Defn: See the Note under Jesuit.

SCHOLASTICAL Scho*las"tic*al, a. & n.

Defn: Scholastic.

SCHOLASTICALLY Scho*las"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a scholastic manner.

SCHOLASTICISM Scho*las"ti*cism, n.

Defn: The method or subtitles the schools of philosophy; scholastic formality; scholastic doctrines or philosophy. The spirit of the old scholasticism . . . spurned laborious investigation and slow induction. J. P. Smith.

SCHOLIA Scho"li*a, n. pl.

Defn: See Scholium.

SCHOLIAST Scho"li*ast, n. Etym: [Gr. scoliate. See Scholium.]

Defn: A maker of scholia; a commentator or annotator. No . . . quotations from Talmudists and scholiasts . . . ever marred the effect of his grave temperate discourses. Macaulay.

SCHOLIASTIC Scho`li*as"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a scholiast, or his pursuits. Swift.

SCHOLIAZE Scho"li*aze, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

Defn: To write scholia. [Obs.] Milton.

SCHOLICAL Schol"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. scholicus, Gr. School.]

Defn: Scholastic. [Obs.] ales.

SCHOLION Scho"li*on, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: A scholium. A judgment which follows immediately from another is sometimes called a corollary, or consectary . . . One which illustrates the science where it appears, but is not an integral part of it, is a scholion. Abp. Thomson (Laws of Thought).

SCHOLIUM Scho"li*um, n.; pl. L. Scholia, E. Scholiums. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. School.]

1. Marginal anotation; an explanatory remark or comment; specifically, an explanatory comment on the text of a classic author by an early grammarian.

2. A remark or observation subjoined to a demonstration or a train of reasoning.

SCHOLY Scho"ly, n.

Defn: A scholium. [Obs.] Hooker.

SCHOLY Scho"ly, v. i. & t.

Defn: To write scholia; to annotate. [Obs.]

SCHOOL School, n. Etym: [For shool a crowd; prob. confuced with school for learning.]

Defn: A shoal; a multitude; as, a school of fish.

SCHOOL School, n. Etym: [OE. scole, AS. sc, L. schola, Gr. Scheme.]

1. A place for learned intercourse and instruction; an institution for learning; an educational establishment; a place for acquiring knowledge and mental training; as, the school of the prophets. Disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus. Acts xix. 9.

2. A place of primary instruction; an establishment for the instruction of children; as, a primary school; a common school; a grammar school. As he sat in the school at his primer. Chaucer.

3. A session of an institution of instruction. How now, Sir Hugh! No school to-day Shak.

4. One of the seminaries for teaching logic, metaphysics, and theology, which were formed in the Middle Ages, and which were characterized by academical disputations and subtilties of reasoning. At Cambridge the philosophy of Descartes was still dominant in the schools. Macaulay.

5. The room or hall in English universities where the examinations for degrees and honors are held.

6. An assemblage of scholars; those who attend upon instruction in a school of any kind; a body of pupils. What is the great community of Christians, but one of the innumerable schools in the vast plan which God has instituted for the education of various intelligences Buckminster.

7. The disciples or followers of a teacher; those who hold a common doctrine, or accept the same teachings; a sect or denomination in philosophy, theology, science, medicine, politics, etc. Let no man be less confident in his faith . . . by reason of any difference in the several schools of Christians. Jer. Taylor.

8. The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age; as, he was a gentleman of the old school. His face pale but striking, though not handsome after the schools. A. S. Hardy.

9. Figuratively, any means of knowledge or discipline; as, the school of experience. Boarding school, Common school, District school, Normal school, etc. See under Boarding, Common, District, etc. -- High school, a free public school nearest the rank of a college. [U.S.] -- School board, a corporation established by law in every borough or parish in England, and elected by the burgesses or ratepayers, with the duty of providing public school accomodation for all children in their dictrict. -- School commitee, School board, an elected commitee of citizens having charge and care of the public schools in any district, town, or city, and responsible control of the money appropriated for school purposes. [U.S.] -- School days, the period in which youth are sent to school. -- School district, a division of a town or city for establishing and conducting schools. [U.S.] -- Sunday school, or Sabbath school, a school held on Sunday for study of the Bible and for religious instruction; the pupils, or the teachers and pupils, of such a school, collectively.

SCHOOL School, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schooled; p. pr. & vb. n. Schooling.]

1. To train in an institution of learning; to educate at a school; to teach. He's gentle, never schooled, and yet learned. Shak.

2. To tutor; to chide and admonish; to reprove; to subject to systematic disciplene; to train. It now remains for you to school your child, And ask why God's Anointed be reviled. Dryden. The mother, while loving her child with the intensity of a sole affection, had schooled herself to hope for little other return than the waywardness of an April breeze. Hawthorne.

SCHOOLBOOK School"book`, n.

Defn: A book used in schools for learning lessons.

SCHOOLBOY School"boy`, n.

Defn: A boy belonging to, or attending, a school.

SCHOOLDAME School"dame`. n.

Defn: A schoolmistress.

SCHOOLERY School"er*y (, n.

Defn: Something taught; precepts; schooling. [Obs.] penser.

SCHOOLFELLOW School"fel`low, n.

Defn: One bred at the same school; an associate in school.

SCHOOLGIRL School"girl`, n.

Defn: A girl belonging to, or attending, a school.

SCHOOLHOUSE School"house`, n.

Defn: A house appropriated for the use of a school or schools, or for instruction.

SCHOOLING School"ing, n.

1. Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of learning; act of teaching.

2. Discipline; reproof; reprimand; as, he gave his son a good schooling. Sir W. Scott.

3. Compensation for instruction; price or reward paid to an instructor for teaching pupils.

SCHOOLING School"ing, a. Etym: [See School a shoal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Collecting or running in schools or shoals. Schooling species like the herring and menhaden. G. B. Goode.

SCHOOLMA'AM School"ma'am, n.

Defn: A schoolmistress. [Colloq.U.S.]

SCHOOLMAID School"maid`, n.

Defn: A schoolgirl. Shak.

SCHOOLMAN School"man`, n.; pl. Schoolmen (.

Defn: One versed in the niceties of academical disputation or of school divinity.

Note: The schoolmen were philosophers and divines of the Middle Ages, esp. from the 11th century to the Reformation, who spent much time on points of nice and abstract speculation. They were so called because they taught in the mediæval universities and schools of divinity.

SCHOOLMASTER School"mas`ter, n.

1. The man who presides over and teaches a school; a male teacher of a school. Let the soldier be abroad if he will; he can do nothing in this age. There is another personage abroad, -- a person less imposing, -- in the eyes of some, perhaps, insignificant. The schoolmaster is abroad; and I trust to him, armed with his primer, against the soldier in full military array. Brougham.

2. One who, or that which, disciplines and directs. The law was our schoolmaster, to bring us into Christ. Gal. iii. 24.

SCHOOLMATE School"mate`, n.

Defn: A pupil who attends the same school as another.

SCHOOLMISTRESS School"mis`tress, n.

Defn: A woman who governs and teaches a school; a female school- teacher.

SCHOOLROOM School"room`, n.

Defn: A room in which pupils are taught.

SCHOOLSHIP School"ship`, n.

Defn: A vessel employed as a nautical training school, in which naval apprentices receive their education at the expense of the state, and are trained for service as sailors. Also, a vessel used as a reform school to which boys are committed by the courts to be disciplined, and instructed as mariners.

SCHOOL-TEACHER School"-teach`er, n.

Defn: One who teaches or instructs a school. -- School"-teach`ing, n.

SCHOOLWARD School"ward, adv.

Defn: Toward school. Chaucer.

SCHOONER Schoon"er, n. Etym: [See the Note below. Cf. Shun.] (Naut.)

Defn: Originally, a small, sharp-built vessel, with two topsails on one or both masts and was called a topsail schooner. About 1840, longer vesels with three masts, fore-and-aft rigged, came into use, and since that time vesels with four masts and even with six masts, so rigged, are built. Schooners with more than two masts are designated three-masted schooners, four-masted schooners, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.

Note: The fist schooner ever constructed is said to have between built in Gloucester, Massachusetts, about theyar 1713, by a Captain Andrew Robinson, and to have received its name from the following trivial circumstance: When the vessel went off the stocks into the water, a bystander cried out,"O, how she scoons!" Robinson replied, " A scooner let her be;" and, from that time, vessels thus masted and rigged have gone by this name. The word scoon is popularly used in some parts of New England to denote the act of making stones skip along the surface of water. The Scottish scon means the same thing. Both words are probably allied to the Icel. skunda, skynda, to make haste, hurry, AS. scunian to avoid, shun, Prov. E. scun. In the New England records, the word appears to have been originally written scooner. Babson, in his "History of Gloucester," gives the following extract from a letter written in that place Sept. 25, 1721, by Dr. Moses Prince, brother of the Rev. Thomas Prince, the annalist of New England: "This gentleman (Captain Robinson) was first contriver of schooners, and built the first of that sort about eight years since."

SCHOONER Schoon"er, n. Etym: [D.]

Defn: A large goblet or drinking glass, -- used for lager beer or ale. [U.S.]

SCHORL Schorl (shôrl), n. Etym: [G. schörl; cf. Sw. skörl.] (Min.)

Defn: Black tourmaline. [Written also shorl.]

SCHORLACEOUS Schor*la"ceous, a.

Defn: Partaking of the nature and character of schorl; resembling schorl.

SCHORLOUS Schorl"ous, a.

Defn: Schorlaceous.

SCHORLY Schorl"y, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, schorl; as, schorly granite.

SCHOTTISH; SCHOTTISCHE Schot"tish, Schot"tische, (, n. Etym: [F. schottish, schotisch from G. schottisch Scottish, Scotch.]

Defn: A Scotch round dance in 2-4 time, similar to the polka, only slower; also, the music for such a dance; -- not to be confounded with the Écossaise.

SCHREIBERSITE Schrei"bers*ite, n. Etym: [Named after Carl von Schreibers, of Vienna.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral occurring in steel-gray flexible folia. It contains iron, nickel, and phosphorus, and is found only in meteoric iron.

SCHRODE Schrode, n.

Defn: See Scrod.

SCHWANN'S SHEATH Schwann's" sheath`. Etym: [So called from Theodor Schwann, a German anatomist of the 19th century.] (Anat.)

Defn: The neurilemma.

SCHWANN'S WHITE SUBSTANCE Schwann's white" sub"stance. (Anat.)

Defn: The substance of the medullary sheath.

SCHWANPAN Schwan"pan`, n.

Defn: Chinese abacus.

SCHWEITZERKASE; SCHWEITZERKAESE Schweit"zer*kä"se, n. Etym: [G. schweizerkäse Swiss cheese.]

Defn: Gruyère cheese.

SCHWENKFELDER; SCHWENKFELDIAN Schwenk"feld`er, Schwenk"feld`i*an, n.

Defn: A member of a religious sect founded by Kaspar von Schwenkfeld, a Silesian reformer who disagreed with Luther, especially on the deification of the body of Christ.

SCIAENOID Sci*æ"noid, a. Etym: [L. sciæna a kind of fish (fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Sciænidæ, a family of marine fishes which includes the meagre, the squeteague, and the kingfish.

SCIAGRAPH Sci"a*graph, n. Etym: [See Sciagraphy.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: An old term for a vertical section of a building; -- called also sciagraphy. See Vertical section, under Section.

2. (Phys.)

Defn: A radiograph. [Written also skiagraph.]

SCIAGRAPHICAL Sci`a*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. sciagraphique, Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to sciagraphy. -- Sci`a*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

SCIAGRAPHY Sci*ag"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. sciagraphie.]

1. The art or science of projecting or delineating shadows as they fall in nature. Gwilt.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: Same as Siagraph.

SCIAMACHY Sci*am"a*chy, n.

Defn: See Sciomachy.

SCIATHERIC; SCIATHERICAL Sci`a*ther"ic, Sci`a*ther"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Belonging to a sundial. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. -- Sci`a*ther"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.] J. Gregory.

SCIATIC Sci*at"ic, a. Etym: [F. sciatique, LL. sciaticus, from L. inschiadicus, Gr. Ischiadic.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the hip; in the region of, or affecting, the hip; ischial; ischiatic; as, the sciatic nerve, sciatic pains.

SCIATIC Sci*at"ic, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sciatique.] (Med.)

Defn: Sciatica.

SCIATICA Sci*at"i*ca, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)

Defn: Neuralgia of the sciatic nerve, an affection characterized by paroxysmal attacks of pain in the buttock, back of the thing, or in the leg or foot, following the course of the branches of the sciatic nerve. The name is also popularly applied to various painful affections of the hip and the parts adjoininhg. See Ischiadic passion, under Ischiadic.

SCIATICAL Sci*at"ic*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Sciatic.

SCIATICALLY Sci*at"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: With, or by means of, sciatica.

SCIBBOLETH Scib"bo*leth, n.

Defn: Shibboleth. [Obs.]

SCIENCE Sci"ence, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. scientia, fr. sciens, -entis, p.pr. of scire to know. Cf. Conscience, Conscious, Nice.]

1. Knowledge; knowledge of principles and causes; ascertained truth of facts. If we conceive God's or science, before the creation, to be extended to all and every part of the world, seeing everything as it is, . . . his science or sight from all eternity lays no necessity on anything to come to pass. Hammond. Shakespeare's deep and accurate science in mental philosophy. Coleridge.

2. Accumulated and established knowledge, which has been systematized and formulated with reference to the discovery of general truths or the operation of general laws; knowledge classified and made available in work, life, or the search for truth; comprehensive, profound, or philosophical knowledge. All this new science that men lere [teach]. Chaucer. Science is . . . a complement of cognitions, having, in point of form, the character of logical perfection, and in point of matter, the character of real truth. Sir W. Hamilton.

3. Especially, such knowledge when it relates to the physical world and its phenomena, the nature, constitution, and forces of matter, the qualities and function of living tissues, etc.; -- called also natural science, and physical science. Voltaire hardly left a single corner of the field entirely unexplored in science, poetry, history, philosophy. J. Morley.

4. Any branch or departament of systematized knowledge considered as a distinct field of investigation or object of study; as, the science of astronomy, of chemistry, or of mind.

Note: The ancients reckoned seven sciences, namely, grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; -- the first three being included in the Trivium, the remaining four in the Quadrivium. Good sense, which only is the gift of Heaven, And though no science, fairly worth the seven. Pope.

5. Art, skill, or expertness, regarded as the result of knowledge of laws and principles. His science, coolness, and great strength. G. A. Lawrence.