Chapter XX: Front Matter (20)

2. An anthem or psalm sung alternately by a choir or congregation divided into two parts. Also figuratively. O! never more for me shall winds intone, With all your tops, a vast antiphony. R. Browning.

ANTIPHRASIS An*tiph"ra*sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: The use of words in a sense opposite to their proper meaning; as when a court of justice is called a court of vengeance.

ANTIPHRASTIC; ANTIPHRASTICAL An`ti*phras"tic, An`ti*phras"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to antiphrasis. -- An`ti*phras"tic*al*ly, adv.

ANTIPHTHISIC An`ti*phthis"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Relieving or curing phthisis, or consumption. -- n.

Defn: A medicine for phthisis.

ANTIPHYSICAL An`ti*phys"ic*al, a. Etym: [Pref. anti- + physical.]

Defn: Contrary to nature; unnatural.

ANTIPHYSICAL An`ti*phys"ic*al, a. Etym: [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Relieving flatulence; carminative.

ANTIPLASTIC An`ti*plas"tic, a.

1. Diminishing plasticity.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Preventing or checking the process of healing, or granulation.

ANTIPODAGRIC An`ti*po*dag"ric, a. (Med.)

Defn: Good against gout. -- n.

Defn: A medicine for gout.

ANTIPODAL An*tip"o*dal, a.

1. Pertaining to the antipodes; situated on the opposite side of the globe.

2. Diametrically opposite. His antipodal shadow." Lowell.

ANTIPODE An"ti*pode, n.

Defn: One of the antipodes; anything exactly opposite. In tale or history your beggar is ever the just antipode to your king. Lamb.

Note: The singular, antipode, is exceptional in formation, but has been used by good writers. Its regular English plural would be ân"tî*podes, the last syllable rhyming with abodes, and this pronunciation is sometimes heard. The plural form (originally a Latin word without a singular) is in common use, and is pronounced, after the English method of Latin, ân*tîp"o*dez.

ANTIPODEAN An`ti*po"de*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the antipodes, or the opposite side of the world; antipodal.

ANTIPODES An*tip"o*des, n. Etym: [L. pl., fr. Gr.

1. Those who live on the side of the globe diametrically opposite.

2. The country of those who live on the opposite side of the globe. Latham.

3. Anything exactly opposite or contrary. Can there be a greater contrariety unto Christ's judgment, a more perfect antipodes to all that hath hitherto been gospel Hammond.

ANTIPOLE An"ti*pole, n.

Defn: The opposite pole; anything diametrically opposed. Geo. Eliot.

ANTIPOPE An"ti*pope, n.

Defn: One who is elected, or claims to be, pope in opposition to the pope canonically chosen; esp. applied to those popes who resided at Avignon during the Great Schism.

ANTIPSORIC An`tip*sor"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of use in curing the itch. -- n.

Defn: An antipsoric remedy.

ANTIPTOSIS An`tip*to"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: The putting of one case for another.

ANTIPUTREFACTIVE; ANTIPUTRESCENT An`ti*pu`tre*fac"tive, An`ti*pu*tres"cent, a.

Defn: Counteracting, or preserving from, putrefaction; antiseptic.

ANTIPYIC An`ti*py"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Checking or preventing suppuration. -- n.

Defn: An antipyic medicine.

ANTIPYRESIS An`ti*py*re"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The condition or state of being free from fever.

ANTIPYRETIC An`ti*py*ret"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Efficacious in preventing or allaying fever. -- n.

Defn: A febrifuge.

ANTIPYRINE An`ti*py"rine, n. (Med.)

Defn: An artificial alkaloid, believed to be efficient in abating fever.

ANTIPYROTIC An`ti*py*rot"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Good against burns or pyrosis. -- n.

Defn: Anything of use in preventing or healing burns or pyrosis.

ANTIQUARIAN An`ti*qua"ri*an, a. Etym: [See Antiquary].

Defn: Pertaining to antiquaries, or to antiquity; as, antiquarian literature.

ANTIQUARIAN An`ti*qua"ri*an, n.

1. An antiquary.

2. A drawing paper of large size. See under Paper, n.

ANTIQUARIANISM An`ti*qua"ri*an*ism, n.

Defn: Character of an antiquary; study or love of antiquities. Warburton.

ANTIQUARIANIZE An`ti*qua"ri*an*ize, v. i.

Defn: To act the part of an antiquary. [Colloq.]

ANTIQUARY An"ti*qua*ry, a. Etym: [L. antiquarius, fr. antiquus ancient. See Antique.]

Defn: Pertaining to antiquity. [R.] "Instructed by the antiquary times." Shak.

ANTIQUARY An"ti*qua*ry, n.; pl. Antiquaries.

Defn: One devoted to the study of ancient times through their relics, as inscriptions, monuments, remains of ancient habitations, statues, coins, manuscripts, etc.; one who searches for and studies the relics of antiquity.

ANTIQUATE An"ti*quate, v. t. Etym: [L. antiquatus, p. p. of antiquare, fr. antiquus ancient.]

Defn: To make old, or obsolete; to make antique; to make old in such a degree as to put out of use; hence, to make void, or abrogate. Christianity might reasonably introduce new laws, and antiquate or abrogate old one. Sir M. Hale.

ANTIQUATED An"ti*qua`ted, a.

Defn: Grown old. Hence: Bygone; obsolete; out of use; old-fashioned; as, an antiquated law. "Antiquated words." Dryden. Old Janet, for so he understood his antiquated attendant was denominated. Sir W. Scott.

Syn. -- Ancient; old; antique; obsolete. See Ancient.

ANTIQUATEDNESS An"ti*qua`ted*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being antiquated.

ANTIQUATENESS An"ti*quate*ness, n.

Defn: Antiquatedness. [Obs.]

ANTIQUATION An`ti*qua"tion, n. Etym: [L. antiquatio, fr. antiquare.]

Defn: The act of making antiquated, or the state of being antiquated. Beaumont.

ANTIQUE An*tique", a. Etym: [F., fr. L. antiquus old, ancient, equiv. to anticus, from ante before. Cf. Antic.]

1. Old; ancient; of genuine antiquity; as, an antique statue. In this sense it usually refers to the flourishing ages of Greece and Rome. For the antique world excess and pride did hate. Spenser.

2. Old, as respects the present age, or a modern period of time; of old fashion; antiquated; as, an antique robe. "Antique words." Spenser.

3. Made in imitation of antiquity; as, the antique style of Thomson's "Castle of Indolence."

4. Odd; fantastic. [In this sense, written antic.]

Syn. -- Ancient; antiquated; obsolete; antic; old-fashioned; old. See Ancient.

ANTIQUE An*tique", n. Etym: [F. See Antique, a. ]

Defn: In general, anything very old; but in a more limited sense, a relic or object of ancient art; collectively, the antique, the remains of ancient art, as busts, statues, paintings, and vases. Misshapen monuments and maimed antiques. Byron.

ANTIQUELY An*tique"ly, adv.

Defn: In an antique manner.

ANTIQUENESS An*tique"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being antique; an appearance of ancient origin and workmanship. We may discover something venerable in the antiqueness of the work. Addison.

ANTIQUIST An"ti*quist, n.

Defn: An antiquary; a collector of antiques. [R.] Pinkerton.

ANTIQUITARIAN An*tiq`ui*ta"ri*an, n.

Defn: An admirer of antiquity.

Note: [Used by Milton in a disparaging sense.] [Obs.]

ANTIQUITY An*tiq"ui*ty, n.; pl. Antiquities. Etym: [L. antiquitas, fr. antiquus: cf. F. antiquité. See Antique.]

1. The quality of being ancient; ancientness; great age; as, a statue of remarkable antiquity; a family of great antiquity.

2. Old age. [Obs.] It not your voice broken . . . and every part about you blasted with antiquity Shak.

3. Ancient times; former ages; times long since past; as, Cicero was an eloquent orator of antiquity.

4. The ancients; the people of ancient times. That such pillars were raised by Seth all antiquity has Sir W. Raleigh.

5. An old gentleman. [Obs.] You are a shrewd antiquity, neighbor Clench. B. Jonson.

6. A relic or monument of ancient times; as, a coin, a statue, etc. ; an ancient institution.

Note: [In this sense, usually in the plural.] "Heathen antiquities." Bacon.

ANTIRACHITIC An`ti*ra*chit"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Good against the rickets.

ANTIRENTER An`ti*rent"er, n.

Defn: One opposed to the payment of rent; esp. one of those who in 1840-47 resisted the collection of rents claimed by the patroons from the settlers on certain manorial lands in the State of New York. -- An`ti*rent"ism, n.

ANTISABBATARIAN An`ti*sab`ba*ta"ri*an, n. (Eccl.)

Defn: One of a sect which opposes the observance of the Christian Sabbath.

ANTISACERDOTAL An`ti*sac`er*do"tal, a.

Defn: Hostile to priests or the priesthood. Waterland.

ANTISCIANS; ANTISCII An*tis"cians, An*tis"ci*i, n. pl. Etym: [L. antiscii, Gr.

Defn: The inhabitants of the earth, living on different sides of the equator, whose shadows at noon are cast in opposite directions. The inhabitants of the north and south temperate zones are always Antiscians. Brande & C.

ANTISCOLETIC; ANTISCOLIC An`ti*sco*let"ic, An`ti*scol"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Anthelmintic.

ANTISCORBUTIC An`ti*scor*bu"tic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Counteracting scurvy. -- n.

Defn: A remedy for scurvy.

ANTISCORBUTICAL An`ti*scor*bu"tic*al, a. (Med.)

Defn: Antiscorbutic.

ANTISCRIPTURAL An`ti*scrip"tur*al, a.

Defn: Opposed to, or not in accordance with, the Holy Scriptures.

ANTI-SEMITISM An`ti-Sem"i*tism, n.

Defn: Opposition to, or hatred of, Semites, esp. Jews. -- An`ti- Sem"ite (#), n. -- An`ti-Sem*it"ic (#), a.

ANTISEPALOUS An`ti*sep"al*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. anti- + sepal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Standing before a sepal, or calyx leaf.

ANTISEPSIS An`ti*sep"sis, n. [NL. See Anti-; Sepsis.]

Defn: Prevention of sepsis by excluding or destroying microorganisms.

ANTISEPTIC; ANTISEPTICAL An`ti*sep"tic, An`ti*sep"tic*al, a.

Defn: Counteracting or preventing putrefaction, or a putrescent tendency in the system; antiputrefactive. Antiseptic surgery, that system of surgical practice which insists upon a systematic use of antiseptics in the performance of operations and the dressing of wounds.

ANTISEPTIC An`ti*sep"tic, n.

Defn: A substance which prevents or retards putrefaction, or destroys, or protects from, putrefactive organisms; as, salt, carbolic acid, alcohol, cinchona.

ANTISEPTICALLY An`ti*sep"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By means of antiseptics.

ANTISIALAGOGUE An`ti*si*al"a*gogue, a. (Med.)

Defn: Checking the flow of saliva.

ANTISIALAGOGUE An`ti*si*al"a*gogue, n.

Defn: A remedy against excessive salivation.

ANTISLAVERY An`ti*slav"er*y, a.

Defn: Opposed to slavery. -- n.

Defn: Opposition to slavery.

ANTISOCIAL An`ti*so"cial, a.

Defn: Tending to interrupt or destroy social intercourse; averse to society, or hostile to its existence; as, antisocial principles.

ANTISOCIALIST An`ti*so"cial*ist, n.

Defn: One opposed to the doctrines and practices of socialists or socialism.

ANTISOLAR An`ti*so"lar, a.

Defn: Opposite to the sun; -- said of the point in the heavens 180º distant from the sun.

ANTISPASMODIC An`ti*spas*mod"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Good against spasms. -- n.

Defn: A medicine which prevents or allays spasms or convulsions.

ANTISPAST An"ti*spast, n. Etym: [L. antispastus, Gr. (Pros.)

Defn: A foot of four syllables, the first and fourth short, and the second and third long.

ANTISPASTIC An`ti*spas"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. Antispast.] (Med.) (a) Believed to cause a revulsion of fluids or of humors from one part to another. [Obs.] (b) Counteracting spasms; antispasmodic. -- n.

Defn: An antispastic agent.

ANTISPLENETIC An`ti*splen"e*tic (Splenetic, 277), a.

Defn: Good as a remedy against disease of the spleen. -- n.

Defn: An antisplenetic medicine.

ANTISTROPHE An*tis"tro*phe, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Strophe.]

1. In Greek choruses and dances, the returning of the chorus, exactly answering to a previous strophe or movement from right to left. Hence: The lines of this part of the choral song. It was customary, on some occasions, to dance round the altars whilst they sang the sacred hymns, which consisted of three stanzas or parts; the first of which, called strophe, was sung in turning from east to west; the other, named antistrophe, in returning from west to east; then they stood before the altar, and sang the epode, which was the last part of the song. Abp. Potter.

2. (Rhet.) (a) The repetition of words in an inverse order; as, the master of the servant and the servant of the master. (b) The retort or turning of an adversary's plea against him.

ANTISTROPHIC An`ti*stroph"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an antistrophe.

ANTISTROPHON An*tis"tro*phon, n. Etym: [Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: An argument retorted on an opponent. Milton.

ANTISTRUMATIC An`ti*stru"mat"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Antistrumous. -- n.

Defn: A medicine for scrofula.

ANTISTRUMOUS An`ti*stru"mous, a. (Med.)

Defn: Good against scrofulous disorders. Johnson. Wiseman.

ANTISYPHILITIC An`ti*syph`i*lit"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Efficacious against syphilis. -- n.

Defn: A medicine for syphilis.

ANTITHEISM An`ti*the"ism, n.

Defn: The doctrine of antitheists. -- An`ti*the*is"tic, a.

ANTITHEIST An`ti*the"ist, n.

Defn: A disbeliever in the existence of God.

ANTITHESIS An*tith"e*sis, n.; pl. Antitheses. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Thesis.]

1. (Rhet.)

Defn: An opposition or contrast of words or sentiments occurring in the same sentence; as, "The prodigal robs his heir; the miser robs himself." "He had covertly shot at Cromwell; he how openly aimed at the Queen."

2. The second of two clauses forming an antithesis.

3. Opposition; contrast.

ANTITHET An"ti*thet, n. Etym: [L. antitheton, fr. Gr.

Defn: An antithetic or contrasted statement. Bacon.

ANTITHETIC; ANTITHETICAL An`ti*thet"ic, An`ti*thet"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to antithesis, or opposition of words and sentiments; containing, or of the nature of, antithesis; contrasted.

ANTITHETICALLY An`ti*thet"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By way antithesis.

ANTITOXIN; ANTITOXINE An`ti*tox"in, An`ti*tox"ine, n. Etym: [Pref. anti- + toxin.]

Defn: A substance (sometimes the product of a specific micro-organism and sometimes naturally present in the blood or tissues of an animal), capable of producing immunity from certain diseases, or of counteracting the poisonous effects of pathogenic bacteria.

ANTI-TRADE An"ti-trade`, n.

Defn: A tropical wind blowing steadily in a direction opposite to the trade wind.

ANTITRAGUS An*tit"ra*gus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A prominence on the lower posterior portion of the concha of the external ear, opposite the tragus. See Ear.

ANTITROCHANTER An`ti*tro*chan"ter, n. (Anat.)

Defn: An articular surface on the ilium of birds against which the great trochanter of the femur plays.

ANTITROPAL; ANTITROPOUS An*tit"ro*pal, An*tit"ro*pous, a. Etym: [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: At the extremity most remote from the hilum, as the embryo, or inverted with respect to the seed, as the radicle. Lindley.

ANTITYPAL An"ti*ty`pal, a.

Defn: Antitypical. [R.]

ANTITYPE An"ti*type, n. Etym: [Gr. Type.]

Defn: That of which the type pattern or representation; that which is represented by the type or symbol.

ANTITYPICAL An`ti*typ"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an antitype; explaining the type. -- An`ti*typ"ic*al*ly, adv.

ANTITYPOUS An*tit"y*pous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Resisting blows; hard. [Obs.] Cudworth.

ANTITYPY An*tit"y*py, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Opposition or resistance of matter to force. [R.] Sir W. Hamilton.

ANTIVACCINATION An`ti*vac`ci*na"tion, n.

Defn: Opposition to vaccination. London Times.

ANTIVACCINATIONIST An`ti*vac`ci*na"tion*ist, n.

Defn: An antivaccinist.

ANTIVACCINIST An`ti*vac"ci*nist, n.

Defn: One opposed to vaccination.

ANTIVARIOLOUS An`ti*va*ri"o*lous, a.

Defn: Preventing the contagion of smallpox.

ANTIVENEREAL An`ti*ve*ne"re*al, a.

Defn: Good against venereal poison; antisyphilitic.

ANTIVENIN An`ti*ve"nin, n. [Written also antivenen, antivenine.] [Pref. anti- + L. venenum poison.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The serum of blood rendered antitoxic to a venom by repeated injections of small doses of the venom.

ANTIVIVISECTION An`ti*viv`i*sec"tion, n.

Defn: Opposition to vivisection.

ANTIVIVISECTIONIST An`ti*viv`i*sec"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One opposed to vivisection

ANTIZYMIC An`ti*zym"ic, a.

Defn: Preventing fermentation.

ANTIZYMOTIC An`ti*zy*mot"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Preventing fermentation or decomposition. -- n.

Defn: An agent so used.

ANTLER Ant"ler, n. Etym: [OE. auntelere, OF. antoillier, andoiller, endouiller, fr. F. andouiller, fr. an assumed LL. antocularis, fr. L. ante before + oculus eye. See Ocular.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The entire horn, or any branch of the horn, of a cervine animal, as of a stag. Huge stags with sixteen antlers. Macaulay.

Note: The branch next to the head is called the brow antler, and the branch next above, the bez antler, or bay antler. The main stem is the beam, and the branches are often called tynes. Antlers are deciduous bony (not horny) growths, and are covered with a periosteum while growing. See Velvet. Antler moth (Zoöl.), a destructive European moth (Cerapteryx graminis), which devastates grass lands.

ANTLERED Ant"lered, a.

Defn: Furnished with antlers. The antlered stag. Cowper.

ANTLIA Ant"li*a, n.; pl. Antilæ. Etym: [L., a pump, Gr, (Zoöl.)

Defn: The spiral tubular proboscis of lepidopterous insects. See Lepidoptera.

ANT-LION Ant"-li`on, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A neuropterous insect, the larva of which makes in the sand a pitfall to capture ants, etc. The common American species is Myrmeleon obsoletus, the European is M. formicarius.

ANTOECI; ANTOECIANS An*toe"ci, An*toe"*cians, n. pl. Etym: [NL. antoeci, fr. Gr. pl.

Defn: Those who live under the same meridian, but on opposite parallels of latitude, north and south of the equator.

ANTONOMASIA An`to*no*ma"si*a, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: The use of some epithet or the name of some office, dignity, or the like, instead of the proper name of the person; as when his majesty is used for a king, or when, instead of Aristotle, we say, the philosopher; or, conversely, the use of a proper name instead of an appellative, as when a wise man is called a Solomon, or an eminent orator a Cicero.

ANTONOMASTIC An`to*no*mas"tic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or characterized by, antonomasia. -- An`to*no*mas"tic*al*ly, adv.

ANTONOMASY An*ton"o*ma*sy, n.

Defn: Antonomasia.

ANTONYM An"to*nym, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A word of opposite meaning; a counterterm; -- used as a correlative of synonym. [R.] C. J. Smith.

ANTORBITAL Ant*or"bit*al, a. Etym: [Pref. anti- + orbital.] (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or situated in, the region of the front of the orbit. -- n.

Defn: The antorbital bone.

ANTORGASTIC Ant`or*gas"tic, a.

Defn: See Antiorgastic.

ANTOZONE Ant*o"zone, n. Etym: [Pref. anti- + ozone.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound formerly supposed to be modification of oxygen, but now known to be hydrogen dioxide; -- so called because apparently antagonistic to ozone, converting it into ordinary oxygen.

ANTRAL An"tral, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Relating to an antrum.

ANTRE An"tre, n. Etym: [F. antre, L. antrum, fr. Gr.

Defn: A cavern. [Obs.] Shak.

ANTRORSE An*trorse", a. Etym: [From L. ante + versun turned; apparently formed in imitation of re.] (Bot.)

Defn: Forward or upward in direction. Gray.

ANTROVERT An`tro*vert", v. t.

Defn: To bend forward. [R.] Owen.

ANTRUM An"trum, n.; pl. Antra. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: A cavern or cavity, esp. an anatomical cavity or sinus. Huxley.

ANTRUSTION An*trus"tion, n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. antrustio.]

Defn: A vassal or voluntary follower of Frankish princes in their enterprises.

ANT THRUSH Ant" thrush`. (Zoöl.) (a) One of several species of tropical birds, of the Old World, of the genus Pitta, somewhat resembling the thrushes, and feeding chiefly on ants. (b) See Ant bird, under Ant.

ANUBIS 'd8A*nu"bis, n. Etym: [L.] (Myth.)

Defn: An Egyptian deity, the conductor of departed spirits, represented by a human figure with the head of a dog or fox.

ANURA A*nu"ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the orders of amphibians characterized by the absence of a tail, as the frogs and toads. [Written also anoura.]

ANUROUS A*nu"rous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Destitute of a tail, as the frogs and toads. [Also written anourous.]

ANURY An"u*ry, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Nonsecretion or defective secretion of urine; ischury.

ANUS A"nus, n. Etym: [L., prob. for asnus: cf. Gr. as.] (Anat.)

Defn: The posterior opening of the alimentary canal, through which the excrements are expelled.

ANVIL An"vil, n. Etym: [OE. anvelt, anfelt, anefelt, AS. anfilt, onfilt; of uncertain origin; cf. OHG. anafalz, D. aanbeld.]

1. An iron block, usually with a steel face, upon which metals are hammered and shaped.

2. Anything resembling an anvil in shape or use. Specifically (Anat.),

Defn: the incus. See Incus. To be on the anvil, to be in a state of discussion, formation, or preparation, as when a scheme or measure is forming, but not matured. Swift.

ANVIL An"vil, v. t.

Defn: To form or shape on an anvil; to hammer out; as, anviled armor. Beau. & Fl.

ANXIETUDE Anx*i"e*tude, n. Etym: [L. anxietudo.]

Defn: The state of being anxious; anxiety. [R.]

ANXIETY Anx*i"e*ty, n.; pl. Anxieties. Etym: [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf. F. anxiété. See Anxious.]

1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o

2. Eager desire. J. D. Forbes

3. (Med.)

Defn: A state of restlessness and agitation, often with general indisposition and a distressing sense of oppression at the epigastrium. Dunglison.

Syn. -- Care; solicitude; foreboding; uneasiness; perplexity; disquietude; disquiet; trouble; apprehension; restlessness. See Care.

ANXIOUS Anx"ious, a. Etym: [L. anxius, fr. angere to cause pain, choke; akin to Gr. Anger.]

1. Full of anxiety or disquietude; greatly concerned or solicitous, esp. respecting future or unknown; being in painful suspense; -- applied to persons; as, anxious for the issue of a battle.

2. Accompanied with, or causing, anxiety; worrying; -- applied to things; as, anxious labor. The sweet of life, from which God hath bid dwell far off all anxious cares. Milton.

3. Earnestly desirous; as, anxious to please. He sneers alike at those who are anxious to preserve and at those who are eager for reform. Macaulay.

Note: Anxious is followed by for, about, concerning, etc., before the object of solicitude.

Syn. -- Solicitous; careful; uneasy; unquiet; restless; concerned; disturbed; watchful.

ANXIOUSLY Anx"ious*ly, adv.

Defn: In an anxious manner; with painful uncertainty; solicitously.

ANXIOUSNESS Anx"ious*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being anxious; great solicitude; anxiety.

ANY A"ny, a. & pron. Etym: [OE. æni, æni, eni, ani, oni, AS. ænig, fr. an one. It is akin to OS. enig, OHG. einic, G. einig, D. eenig. See One.]

1. One indifferently, out of an indefinite number; one indefinitely, whosoever or whatsoever it may be.

Note: Any is often used in denying or asserting without limitation; as, this thing ought not be done at any time; I ask any one to answer my question. No man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son. Matt. xi. 27.

2. Some, of whatever kind, quantity, or number; as, are there any witnesses present are there any other houses like it "Who will show us any good" Ps. iv. 6.

Note: It is often used, either in the singular or the plural, as a pronoun, the person or thing being understood; anybody; anyone; (pl.) any persons. If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, . . . and it shall be given him. Jas. i. 5. That if he found any of this way, whether they were men or women, he might bring them bound unto Jerusalem. Acts ix. 2. At any rate, In any case, whatever may be the state of affairs; anyhow.

ANY A"ny, adv.

Defn: To any extent; in any degree; at all. You are not to go loose any longer. Shak. Before you go any farther. Steele.

ANYBODY A"ny*bod*y, n.

1. Any one out of an indefinite number of persons; anyone; any person. His Majesty could not keep any secret from anybody. Macaulay.

2. A person of consideration or standing. [Colloq.] All the men belonged exclusively to the mechanical and shopkeeping classes, and there was not a single banker or anybody in the list. Lond. Sat. Rev.

ANYHOW A"ny*how`, adv.

Defn: In any way or manner whatever; at any rate; in any event. Anyhow, it must be acknowledged to be not a simple selforiginated error. J. H. Newman. Anyhow, the languages of the two nations were closely allied. E. A. Freeman.

ANYONE A"ny*one, n.

Defn: One taken at random rather than by selection; anybody.

Note: [Commonly written as two words.]

ANYTHING A"ny*thing, n.

1. Any object, act, state, event, or fact whatever; thing of any kind; something or other; aught; as, I would not do it for anything. Did you ever know of anything so unlucky A. Trollope. They do not know that anything is amiss with them. W. G. Sumner.

2. Expressing an indefinite comparison; -- with as or like. [Colloq. or Lowx] I fear your girl will grow as proud as anything. Richardson.

Note: Any thing, written as two words, is now commonly used in contradistinction to any person or anybody. Formerly it was also separated when used in the wider sense. "Necessity drove them to undertake any thing and venture any thing." De Foe. Anything but, not at all or in any respect. "The battle was a rare one, and the victory anything but secure." Hawthorne. -- Anything like, in any respect; at all; as, I can not give anything like a fair sketch of his trials.

ANYTHING A"ny*thing, adv.

Defn: In any measure; anywise; at all. Mine old good will and hearty affection towards you is not . . . anything at all quailed. Robynson (More's Utopia).

ANYTHINGARIAN A`ny*thing*a"ri*an, n.

Defn: One who holds to no particular creed or dogma.

ANYWAY; ANYWAYS A"ny*way, A"ny*ways, adv.

Defn: Anywise; at all. Tennyson. Southey.

ANYWHERE A"ny*where, adv.

Defn: In any place. Udall.

ANYWHITHER A"ny*whith`er, adv.

Defn: To or towards any place. [Archaic] De Foe.

ANYWISE A"ny*wise, adv.

Defn: In any wise or way; at all. "Anywise essential." Burke.

AONIAN A*o"ni*an, a. Etym: [From Aonia, a part of Boeotia, in Greece.]

Defn: Pertaining to Aonia, Boeotia, or to the Muses, who were supposed to dwell there. Aonian fount, the fountain of Aganippe, at the foot of Mount Helicon, not far from Thebes, and sacred to the Muses.

AORIST A"o*rist, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: A tense in the Greek language, which expresses an action as completed in past time, but leaves it, in other respects, wholly indeterminate.

AORISTIC A`o*ris"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Indefinite; pertaining to the aorist tense.

AORTA A*or"ta, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The great artery which carries the blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main trunk of the arterial system.

Note: In fishes and the early stages of all higher vertebrates the aorta divides near its origin into several branches (the aortic arches) which pass in pairs round the oesophagus and unite to form the systemic aorta. One or more pairs of these arches persist in amphibia and reptiles, but only one arch in birds and mammals, this being on the right side in the former, and on the left in the latter.

AORTIC A*or"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the aorta.

AORTITIS A`or*ti"tis, n. Etym: [Aorta + -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the aorta.

AOUDAD A"ou*dad, n. Etym: [The Moorish name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An African sheeplike quadruped (the Ammotragus tragelaphus) having a long mane on the breast and fore legs. It is, perhaps, the chamois of the Old Testament.

APACE A*pace", adv. Etym: [Pref. a- + pace. OE. a pas at a walk, in which a is the article. See Pace.]

Defn: With a quick pace; quick; fast; speedily. His dewy locks did drop with brine apace. Spenser. A visible triumph of the gospel drawapace. I. Taylor.

APACHES A*pa"ches, n. pl.; sing. Apache. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A group of nomadic North American Indians including several tribes native of Arizona, New Mexico, etc.

APAGOGE Ap`a*go"ge, n. Etym: [Gr. (Logic)

Defn: An indirect argument which proves a thing by showing the impossibility or absurdity of the contrary.

APAGOGIC; APAGOGICAL Ap`a*gog"ic, Ap`a*gog"ic*al, a.

Defn: Proving indirectly, by showing the absurdity, or impossibility of the contrary. Bp. Berkeley.

APAID A*paid", a.

Defn: Paid; pleased. [Obs.] Chaucer.

APAIR A*pair", v. t. & i.

Defn: To impair or become impaired; to injure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

APALACHIAN Ap`a*la"chi*an, a.

Defn: See Appalachian.

APANAGE Ap"an*age, n.

Defn: Same as Appanage.

APANTHROPY A*pan"thro*py, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: An aversion to the company of men; a love of solitude.

APAR; APARA A"par, A"pa*ra, n. Etym: [Native name apara.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Mataco.

APAREJO A`pa*re"jo, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: A kind of pack saddle used in the American military service and among the Spanish Americans. It is made of leather stuffed with hay, moss, or the like.

APARITHMESIS Ap`a*rith"me*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: Enumeration of parts or particulars.

APART A*part", adv. Etym: [F. à part; (L. ad) + part part. See Part.]

1. Separately, in regard to space or company; in a state of separation as to place; aside. Others apart sat on a hill retired. Milton. The Lord hath set apart him that is godly for himself. Ps. iv. 3.

2. In a state of separation, of exclusion, or of distinction, as to purpose, use, or character, or as a matter of thought; separately; independently; as, consider the two propositions apart.

3. Aside; away. "Wherefore lay apart all filthiness and superfluity of naughtiness." Jas. i. 21. Let Pleasure go, put Care apart. Keble.

4. In two or more parts; asunder; to piece; as, to take a piece of machinery apart.

APARTMENT A*part"ment, n. Etym: [F. appartement; cf. It. appartamento, fr. appartare to separate, set apart; all fr. L. ad + pars, partis, part. See Apart.]

1. A room in a building; a division in a house, separated from others by partitions. Fielding.

2. A set or suite of rooms. De Quincey.

3. A compartment. [Obs.] Pope.

APARTMENT HOUSE A*part"ment house.

Defn: A building comprising a number of suites designed for separate housekeeping tenements, but having conveniences, such as heat, light, elevator service, etc., furnished in common; -- often distinguished in the United States from a flat house.

APARTNESS A*part"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of standing apart.

APASTRON Ap*as"tron, n. Etym: [Gr. (Astron.)

Defn: That point in the orbit of a double star where the smaller star is farthest from its primary.

APATHETIC; APATHETICAL Ap`a*thet"ic, Ap`a*thet"ic*al a. Etym: [See Apathy.]

Defn: Void of feeling; not susceptible of deep emotion; passionless; indifferent.

APATHETICALLY Ap`a*thet"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an apathetic manner.

APATHIST Ap"a*thist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. apathiste.]

Defn: One who is destitute of feeling.

APATHISTICAL Ap`a*this"tic*al, a.

Defn: Apathetic; une motional. [R.]

APATHY Ap"a*thy, n.; pl. Apathies. Etym: [L. apathia, Gr. apathie. See Pathos.]

Defn: Want of feeling; privation of passion, emotion, or excitement; dispassion; -- applied either to the body or the mind. As applied to the mind, it is a calmness, indolence, or state of indifference, incapable of being ruffled or roused to active interest or exertion by pleasure, pain, or passion. "The apathy of despair." Macaulay. A certain apathy or sluggishness in his nature which led him . . . to leave events to take their own course. Prescott. According to the Stoics, apathy meant the extinction of the passions by the ascendency of reason. Fleming.

Note: In the first ages of the church, the Christians adopted the term to express a contempt of earthly concerns.

Syn. -- Insensibility; unfeelingness; indifference; unconcern; stoicism; supineness; sluggishness.

APATITE Ap"a*tite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: Native phosphate of lime, occurring usually in six-sided prisms, color often pale green, transparent or translucent.

APAUME A`pau`mé", n.

Defn: See Appaum.

APE Ape, n. Etym: [AS. apa; akin to D. aap, OHG. affo, G. affe, Icel. api, Sw. apa, Dan. abe, W. epa.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A quadrumanous mammal, esp. of the family Simiadæ, having teeth of the same number and form as in man, having teeth of the same number and form as in man, and possessing neither a tail nor cheek pouches. The name is applied esp. to species of the genus Hylobates, and is sometimes used as a general term for all Quadrumana. The higher forms, the gorilla, chimpanzee, and ourang, are often called anthropoid apes or man apes.

Note: The ape of the Old Testament was prqobably the rhesus monkey of India, and allied forms.

2. One who imitates servilely (in allusion to the manners of the ape); a mimic. Byron.

3. A dupe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

APE Ape, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aped; p. pr. & vb. n. Aping.]

Defn: To mimic, as an ape imitates human actions; to imitate or follow servilely or irrationally. "How he apes his sire." Addison. The people of England will not ape the fashions they have never tried. Burke.

APEAK A*peak", adv. & a. Etym: [Pref. a- + peak. Cf. F. à pic vertically.] (Naut.)

Defn: In a vertical line. The anchor in apeak, when the cable has been sufficiently hove in to bring the ship over it, and the ship is them said to be hove apeak. [Spelt also apeek.]

APEHOOD Ape"hood, n.

Defn: The state of being an ape.

APELLOUS A*pel"lous, a. Etym: [Pref. a- not + L. pellis skin.]

Defn: Destitute of skin. Brande & C.

APENNINE Ap"en*nine, a. Etym: [L. Apenninus, fr. Celtic pen, or ben, peak, mountain.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, the Apennines, a chain of mountains extending through Italy.

APEPSY A*pep"sy, n. Etym: [NL. apepsia, fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Defective digestion, indigestion. Coxe.

APER Ap"er, n.

Defn: One who apes.

APERCU A`per`çu" (a`pâr`sus"), n.; pl. Aperçus (-sus"). [F., prop. p. p. of apercevoir to perceive.]

1.

Defn: A first view or glance, or the perception or estimation so obtained; an immediate apprehension or insight, appreciative rather than analytic.

The main object being to develop the several aperçus or insights which furnish the method of such psychology. W. T. Harris.

A series of partial and more or less disparate aperçus or outlooks; each for itself a center of experience. James Ward.

2. Hence, a brief or detached view; conspectus; sketch.

APEREA A*pe"re*a, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The wild Guinea pig of Brazil (Cavia aperea).

APERIENT A*pe"ri*ent, a. Etym: [L. aperiens, p. pr. of aperire to uncover, open; ab + parire, parere, to bring forth, produce. Cf. Cover, Overt.] (Med.)

Defn: Gently opening the bowels; laxative. -- n.

Defn: An aperient medicine or food. Arbuthnot.

APERITIVE A*per"i*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. apéritif, fr. L. aperire.]

Defn: Serving to open; aperient. Harvey.

APERT A*pert", a. Etym: [OF. apert, L. apertus, p. p. of aperire. See Aperient, and cf. Pert, a.]

Defn: Open; ev [Archaic] Fotherby.

APERT A*pert", adv.

Defn: Openly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

APERTION A*per"tion, n. Etym: [L. apertio.]

Defn: The act of opening; an opening; an aperture. [Archaic] Wiseman.

APERTLY A*pert"ly, adv.

Defn: Openly; clearly. [Archaic]

APERTNESS A*pert"ness, n.

Defn: Openness; frankness. [Archaic]

APERTURE Ap"er*ture, n. Etym: [L. apertura, fr. aperire. See Aperient.]

1. The act of opening. [Obs.]

2. An opening; an open space; a gap, cleft, or chasm; a passage perforated; a hole; as, an aperture in a wall. An aperture between the mountains. Gilpin. The back aperture of the nostrils. Owen.

3. (Opt.)

Defn: The diameter of the exposed part of the object glass of a telescope or other optical instrument; as, a telescope of four-inch aperture.

Note: The aperture of microscopes is often expressed in degrees, called also the angular aperture, which signifies the angular breadth of the pencil of light which the instrument transmits from the object or point viewed; as, a microscope of 100º aperture.

APERY Ap"er*y, n.; pl. Aperies.

1. A place where apes are kept. [R.] Kingsley.

2. The practice of aping; an apish action. Coleridge.

APETALOUS A*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. a- not + petal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having no petals, or flower leaves. [See Illust. under Anther].

APETALOUSNESS A*pet"al*ous*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being apetalous.

APEX A"pex, n.; pl. E. Apexes; L. Apices. Etym: [L.]

1. The tip, top, point, or angular summit of anything; as, the apex of a mountain, spire, or cone; the apex, or tip, of a leaf.

2. (Mining)

Defn: The end or edge of a vein nearest the surface. [U.S.] Apex of the earth's motion (Astron.), that point of the heavens toward which the earth is moving in its orbit.

APHAERESIS A*phær"e*sis, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Same as Apheresis.

APHAKIA A*pha"ki*a, n. Etym: [NL.; Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An anomalous state of refraction caused by the absence of the crystalline lens, as after operations for cataract. The remedy is the use of powerful convex lenses. Dunglison.

APHAKIAL A*pha"ki*al, a. (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to aphakia; as, aphakial eyes.

APHANIPTERA Aph`a*nip"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of wingless insects, of which the flea in the type. See Flea.

APHANIPTEROUS Aph`a*nip"ter*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Aphaniptera.

APHANITE Aph"a*nite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A very compact, dark-colored

APHANITIC Aph`a*nit"ic, a. (Min.)

Defn: Resembling aphanite; having a very fine-grained structure.

APHASIA; APHASY A*pha"si*a, Aph"a*sy, n. Etym: [NL. aphasia, Gr. aphasie.] (Med.)

Defn: Loss of the power of speech, or of the appropriate use of words, the vocal organs remaining intact, and the intelligence being preserved. It is dependent on injury or disease of the brain.

APHASIC A*pha"sic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or affected by, aphasia; speechless.

APHELION A*phel"ion, n.; pl. Aphelia. Etym: [Gr. (Astron.)

Defn: That point of a planet's or comet's orbit which is most distant from the sun, the opposite point being the perihelion.

APHELIOTROPIC A*phe`li*o*trop"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Turning away from the sun; -- said of leaves, etc. Darwin.

APHELIOTROPISM A*phe`li*ot"ro*pism, n.

Defn: The habit of bending from the sunlight; -- said of certain plants.

APHEMIA A*phe"mi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Loss of the power of speaking, while retaining the power of writing; -- a disorder of cerebral origin.

APHERESIS A*pher"e*sis, n. Etym: [L. aphaeresis, Gr.

1. (Gram.)

Defn: The dropping of a letter or syllable from the beginning of a word; e. g., cute for acute.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: An operation by which any part is separated from the rest. [Obs.] Dunglison.

APHESIS Aph"e*sis, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The loss of a short unaccented vowel at the beginning of a word; -- the result of a phonetic process; as, squire for esquire. New Eng. Dict.

APHETIC A*phet"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Shortened by dropping a letter or a syllable from the beginning of a word; as, an aphetic word or form. -- A*phet"ic*al*ly, adv. New Eng. Dict.

APHETISM Aph"e*tism, n.

Defn: An aphetized form of a word. New Eng. Dict.

APHETIZE Aph"e*tize, v. t.

Defn: To shorten by aphesis. These words . . . have been aphetized. New Eng. Dict.

APHID A"phid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the genus Aphis; an aphidian.

APHIDES Aph"i*des, n. pl. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Aphis.

APHIDIAN A*phid"i*an, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the family Aphidæ. -- n.

Defn: One of the aphides; an aphid.

APHIDIVOROUS Aph`i*div"o*rous. Etym: [Aphis + L. vorare to devour.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Devouring aphides; aphidophagous.

APHIDOPHAGOUS Aph`i*doph"a*gous, a. Etym: [Aphis + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Feeding upon aphides, or plant lice, as do beetles of the family Coccinellidæ.

APHILANTHROPY Aph`i*lan"thro*py, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Want of love to mankind; -- the opposite of philanthropy. Coxe.

APHIS A"phis, n.; pl. Aphides. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of insects belonging to the order Hemiptera and family Aphidæ, including numerous species known as plant lice and green flies.

Note: Besides the true males and females, there is a race of wingless asexual individuals which have the power of producing living young in rapid succession, and these in turn may produce others of the same kind for several generations, before sexual individuals appear. They suck the sap of plants by means of a tubular proboscis, and owing to the wonderful rapidity of their reproduction become very destructive to vegetation. Many of the Aphidæ excrete honeydew from two tubes near the end of the body.

APHIS LION A"phis li"on. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The larva of the lacewinged flies (Chrysopa), which feeds voraciously upon aphids. The name is also applied to the larvæ of the ladybugs (Coccinella).

APHLOGISTIC Aph`lo*gis"*tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Flameless; as, an aphlogistic lamp, in which a coil of wire is kept in a state of continued ignition by alcohol, without flame.

APHONIA; APHONY A*pho"ni*a, Aph"o*ny, n. Etym: [NL. aphonia, Gr. aphonie.] (Med.)

Defn: Loss of voice or vocal utterance.

APHONIC; APHONOUS A*phon"ic, Aph"o*nous, a.

Defn: Without voice; voiceless; nonvocal.

APHORISM Aph"o*rism, n. Etym: [F. aphorisme, fr. Gr. Horizon.]

Defn: A comprehensive maxim or principle expressed in a few words; a sharply defined sentence relating to abstract truth rather than to practical matters. The first aphorism of Hippocrates is, "Life is short, and the art is long." Fleming.

Syn. -- Axiom; maxim; adage; proverb; apothegm; saying; saw; truism; dictum. See Axiom.

APHORISMATIC; APHORISMIC Aph`o*ris*mat"ic, Aph`o*ris"mic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to aphorisms, or having the form of an aphorism.

APHORISMER Aph`o*ris"mer n.

Defn: A dealer in aphorisms. [Used in derogation or contempt.] Milton.

APHORIST Aph"o*rist, n.

Defn: A writer or utterer of aphorisms.

APHORISTIC; APHORISTICAL Aph`o*ris"tic, Aph`o*ris"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: In the form of, or of the nature of, an aphorism; in the form of short, unconnected sentences; as, an aphoristic style. The method of the book is aphoristic. De Quincey.

APHORISTICALLY Aph`o*ris"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the form or manner of aphorisms; pithily.

APHORIZE Aph"o*rize, v. i.

Defn: To make aphorisms.

APHOTIC A*pho"tic (a*fo"tik), a. [Gr. 'a`fws, 'a`fwtos.]

Defn: Without light.

APHOTIC REGION Aphotic region. (Phytogeog.)

Defn: A depth of water so great that only those organisms can exist that do not assimilate.

APHRASIA A*phra"si*a, n. [NL., fr. Gr. 'a priv. + fra`sis speech.] (Med.) (a) = Dumbness. (b) A disorder of speech in which words can be uttered but not intelligibly joined together.

APHRITE Aph"rite, n. (Min.)

Defn: See under Calcite.

APHRODISIAC; APHRODISIACAL Aph`ro*dis"i*ac, Aph`ro*di*si"a*cal, a. Etym: [Gr. Aphrodite.]

Defn: Exciting venereal desire; provocative to venery.

APHRODISIAC Aph`ro*dis"i*ac, n.

Defn: That which (as a drug, or some kinds of food) excites to venery.

APHRODISIAN Aph`ro*dis"i*an, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to Aphrodite or Venus. "Aphrodisian dames" [that is, courtesans]. C. Reade.

APHRODITE Aph`ro*di"te, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. (Classic Myth.)

Defn: The Greek goddess of love, corresponding to the Venus of the Romans.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large marine annelid, covered with long, lustrous, golden, hairlike setæ; the sea mouse.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A beautiful butterfly (Argunnis Aphrodite) of the United States.

APHRODITIC Aph`ro*dit"ic, a.

Defn: Venereal. [R.] Dunglison.

APHTHA Aph"tha, n. Etym: [Sing. of Aphthæ.] (Med.) (a) One of the whitish specks called aphthæ. (b) The disease, also called thrush.

APHTHAE Aph"thæ, n. pl. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Roundish pearl-colored specks or flakes in the mouth, on the lips, etc., terminating in white sloughs. They are commonly characteristic of thrush.

APHTHOID Aph"thoid, a. Etym: [Aphtha + -oid.]

Defn: Of the nature of aphthæ; resembling thrush.

APHTHONG Aph"thong, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A letter, or a combination of letters, employed in spelling a word, but in the pronunciation having no sound. -- Aph*thon"gal, a.

APHTHOUS Aph"thous a. Etym: [Cf. F. aphtheux.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or caused by, aphthæ; characterized by aphtæ; as, aphthous ulcers; aphthous fever.

APHYLLOUS Aph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Destitute of leaves, as the broom rape, certain euphorbiaceous plants, etc.

APIACEOUS A`pi*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Umbelliferous.

APIAN A"pi*an, a.

Defn: Belonging to bees.

APIARIAN A`pi*a"ri*an, a.

Defn: Of or relating to bees.

APIARIST A"pi*a*rist, n.

Defn: One who keeps an apiary.

APIARY A"pi*a*ry, n. Etym: [L. apiarium, fr. apis bee.]

Defn: A place where bees are kept; a stand or shed for bees; a beehouse.

APICAL Ap"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. apex, apicis, tip or summit.]

Defn: At or belonging to an apex, tip, or summit. Gray.

APICES Ap"i*ces, n. pl.

Defn: See Apex.

APICIAN A*pi"cian, a. Etym: [L. Apicianus.]

Defn: Belonging to Apicius, a notorious Roman epicure; hence applied to whatever is peculiarly refined or dainty and expensive in cookery. H. Rogers.

APICULAR A*pic"u*lar, a. Etym: [NL. apiculus, dim. of L. apex, apicis.]

Defn: Situated at, or near, the apex; apical.

APICULATE; APICULATED A*pic"u*late, A*pic"u*la`ted, a. Etym: [See Apicular.] (Bot.)

Defn: Terminated abruptly by a small, distinct point, as a leaf.

APICULTURE Ap"i*cul`ture, n. Etym: [L. apis bee + E. culture.]

Defn: Rearing of bees for their honey and wax.

APIECE A*piece", adv. Etym: [Pref. a- + piece.]

Defn: Each by itself; by the single one; to each; as the share of each; as, these melons cost a shilling apiece. "Fined . . . a thousand pounds apiece." Hume.

APIECES A*pie"ces, adv.

Defn: In pieces or to pieces. [Obs.] "Being torn apieces." Shak.

APIKED A*pik"ed, a.

Defn: Trimmed. [Obs.] Full fresh and new here gear apiked was. Chaucer.

APIOL A"pi*ol, n. Etym: [L. apium parsley + -ol.] (Med.)

Defn: An oily liquid derived from parsley.

APIOLOGIST A`pi*ol"o*gist, n. Etym: [L. apis bee + -logist (see -logy).]

Defn: A student of bees. [R.] Emerson.

APIOLOGY A`pi*ol"o*gy, n. [L. apis bee + -logy.]

Defn: The scientific or systematic study of honey bees.

APIS A"pis, n. Etym: [L., bee.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of insects of the order Hymenoptera, including the common honeybee (Apis mellifica) and other related species. See Honeybee.

APISH Ap"ish, a.

Defn: Having the qualities of an ape; prone to imitate in a servile manner. Hence: Apelike; fantastically silly; foppish; affected; trifling. The apish gallantry of a fantastic boy. Sir W. Scott.

APISHLY Ap"ish*ly, adv.

Defn: In an apish manner; with servile imitation; foppishly.

APISHNESS Ap"ish*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being apish; mimicry; foppery.

APITPAT A*pit"pat, adv. Etym: [Pref. a- + pitpat.]

Defn: With quick beating or palpitation; pitapat. Congreve.

APLACENTAL Ap`la*cen"tal, a. Etym: [Pref. a- + placental.]

Defn: Belonging to the Aplacentata; without placenta.

APLACENTATA Ap`la*cen*ta"ta, n. pl. Etym: [Pref. a- not + placenta.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Mammals which have no placenta.

APLACOPHORA Ap`la*coph"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Amphineura in which the body is naked or covered with slender spines or setæ, but is without shelly plates.

APLANATIC Ap`la*nat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Opt.)

Defn: Having two or more parts of different curvatures, so combined as to remove spherical aberration; -- said of a lens. Aplanatic focus of a lens (Opt.), the point or focus from which rays diverging pass the lens without spherical aberration. In certain forms of lenses there are two such foci; and it is by taking advantage of this fact that the best aplanatic object glasses of microscopes are constructed.

APLANATISM A*plan"a*tism, n.

Defn: Freedom from spherical aberration.

APLANOGAMETE A*plan`o*ga*mete", n. (Bot.)

Defn: A nonmotile gamete, found in certain lower algæ.

APLASIA A*pla"si*a, n. [NL.; Gr. priv. + a molding.] (Med.)

Defn: Incomplete or faulty development.

APLASTIC A*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. a- not + plastic.]

Defn: Not plastic or easily molded.

APLOMB A`plomb", n. Etym: [F., lit. perpendicularity; plomb lead. See Plumb.]

Defn: Assurance of manner or of action; self-possession.

APLOTOMY A*plot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: Simple incision. Dunglison.

APLUSTRE A*plus"tre, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: An ornamental appendage of wood at the ship's stern, usually spreading like a fan and curved like a bird's feather. Audsley.

APLYSIA A*plys"i*a, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine mollusks of the order Tectibranchiata; the sea hare. Some of the species when disturbed throw out a deep purple liquor, which colors the water to some distance. See Illust. in Appendix.

APNEUMATIC Ap`neu*mat"ic, a. [Gr. not blown through.] (Med.)

Defn: Devoid of air; free from air; as, an apneumatic lung; also, effected by or with exclusion of air; as, an apneumatic operation.

APNEUMONA Ap*neu"mo*na, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of holothurians in which the internal respiratory organs are wanting; -- called also Apoda or Apodes.

APNOEA; APNEA Ap*nae"a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Partial privation or suspension of breath; suffocation.

APO Ap"o. Etym: [Gr. Ab-.]

Defn: A prefix from a Greek preposition. It usually signifies from, away from, off, or asunder, separate; as, in apocope (a cutting off), apostate, apostle (one sent away), apocarpous.

APOCALYPSE A*poc"a*lypse, n. Etym: [L. apocalypsis, Gr. apocalypse.]

1. The revelation delivered to St. John, in the isle of Patmos, near the close of the first century, forming the last book of the New Testament.

2. Anything viewed as a revelation; as disclosure. The new apocalypse of Nature. Carlyle.

APOCALYPTIC; APOCALYPTICAL A*poc`a*lyp"tic, A*poc`a*lyp"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a revelation, or, specifically, to the Revelation of St. John; containing, or of the nature of, a prophetic revelation. Apocolyptic number, the number 666, mentioned in Rev. xiii. 18. It has been variously interpreted.

APOCALYPTIC; APOCALYPTIST A*poc`a*lyp"tic, A*poc`a*lyp"tist, n.

Defn: The writer of the Apocalypse.

APOCALYPTICALLY A*poc`a*lyp"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By revelation; in an apocalyptic manner.

APOCARPOUS Ap`o*car"pous, a. Etym: [Pref. apo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Either entirely of partially separate, as the carpels of a compound pistil; -- opposed to syncarpous. Lindley.

APOCHROMATIC Ap`o*chro*mat"ic, a. [Pref. apo-+ chromatic.] (Optics)

Defn: Free from chromatic and spherical aberration; -- said esp. of a lens in which rays of three or more colors are brought to the same focus, the degree of achromatism thus obtained being more complete than where two rays only are thus focused, as in the ordinary achromatic objective. --Ap`o*chro"ma*tism (#), n.

APOCODEINE Ap`o*co*de"ine, n. [Pref. apo-+ codeine.] (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid, , prepared from codeine. In its effects it resembles apomorphine.

APOCOPATE A*poc"o*pate, v. t. Etym: [LL. apocopatus, p. p. of apocopare to cut off, fr. L. apocore. See Apocope.] (Gram.)

Defn: To cut off or drop; as, to apocopate a word, or the last letter, syllable, or part of a word.

APOCOPATE; APOCOPATED A*poc"o*pate, A*poc"o*pa`ted, a.

Defn: Shortened by apocope; as, an apocopate form.

APOCOPATION A*poc`o*pa"tion, n.

Defn: Shortening by apocope; the state of being apocopated.

APOCOPE A*poc"o*pe, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. The cutting off, or omission, of the last letter, syllable, or part of a word.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A cutting off; abscission.

APOCRISIARY; APOCRISIARIUS Ap`o*cris"i*a*ry, Ap`o*cris`i*a"ri*us, n. Etym: [L. apocrisiarius, apocrisarius, fr. Gr. (Eccl.)

Defn: A delegate or deputy; especially, the pope's nuncio or legate at Constantinople.

APOCRUSTIC Ap`o*crus"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Astringent and repellent. -- n.

Defn: An apocrustic medicine.

APOCRYPHA A*poc"ry*pha, n. pl., but often used as sing. with pl. Apocryphas. Etym: [L. apocryphus apocryphal, Gr.

1. Something, as a writing, that is of doubtful authorship or authority; -- formerly used also adjectively. [Obs.] Locke.

2. Specif.: Certain writings which are received by some Christians as an authentic part of the Holy Scriptures, but are rejected by others.

Note: Fourteen such writings, or books, formed part of the Septuagint, but not of the Hebrew canon recognized by the Jews of Palestine. The Council of Trent included all but three of these in the canon of inspired books having equal authority. The German and English Reformers grouped them in their Bibles under the title Apocrypha, as not having dogmatic authority, but being profitable for instruction. The Apocrypha is now commonly

APOCRYPHAL A*poc"ry*phal, a.

1. Pertaining to the Apocrypha.

2. Not canonical. Hence: Of doubtful authority; equivocal; mythic; fictitious; spurious; false. The passages . . . are, however, in part from apocryphal or fictitious works. Sir G. C. Lewis.

APOCRYPHALIST A*poc"ry*phal*ist, n.

Defn: One who believes in, or defends, the Apocrypha. [R.]

APOCRYPHALLY A*poc"ry*phal*ly, adv.

Defn: In an apocryphal manner; mythically; not indisputably.

APOCRYPHALNESS A*poc"ry*phal*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being apocryphal; doubtfulness of credit or genuineness.

APOCYNACEOUS; APOCYNEOUS A*poc`y*na"ceous, Ap`o*cyn"e*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Belonging to, or resembling, a family of plants, of which the dogbane (Apocynum) is the type.

APOCYNIN A*poc"y*nin, n. Etym: [From Apocynum, the generic name of dogbane.] (Chem.)

Defn: A bitter principle obtained from the dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum).

APOD; APODAL Ap"od, Ap"o*dal, a. Etym: [See Apod, n.]

1. Without feet; footless.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Destitute of the ventral fin, as the eels.

APOD; APODE Ap"od, Ap"ode, n.; pl. Apods or Apodes. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of certain animals that have no feet or footlike organs; esp. one of certain fabulous birds which were said to have no feet.

Note: The bird of paradise formerly had the name Paradisea apoda, being supposed to have no feet, as these were wanting in the specimens first obtained from the East Indies.

APODA Ap"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Apod, n.] (Zoöl.) (a) A group of cirripeds, destitute of footlike organs. (b) An order of Amphibia without feet. See Ophiomorpha. (c) A group of worms without appendages, as the leech.

APODAN Ap"o*dan, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Apodal.

APODEICTIC; APODICTIC; APODEICTICAL; APODICTICAL Ap"o*deic"tic, Ap`o*dic"tic, Ap`o*deic"tic*al, Ap`o*dic"tic*al, a. Etym: [L. apodicticus, Gr.

Defn: Self-evident; intuitively true; evident beyond contradiction. Brougham. Sir Wm. Hamilton.

APODEICTICALLY; APODICTICALLY Ap`o*deic"tic*al*ly, Ap`o*dic"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to be evident beyond contradiction.

APODEME Ap"o*deme, n. Etym: [Pref. apo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the processes of the shell which project inwards and unite with one another, in the thorax of many Crustacea.

APODES Ap"o*des, n. pl. Etym: [NL., masc. pl. See Apoda.] (Zoöl.) (a) An order of fishes without ventral fins, including the eels. (b) A group of holothurians destitute of suckers. See Apneumona.

APODICTIC Ap`o*dic"tic, a.

Defn: Same as Apodeictic.

APODIXIS Ap`o*dix"is, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: Full demonstration.

APODOSIS A*pod"o*sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: The consequent clause or conclusion in a conditional sentence, expressing the result, and thus distinguished from the protasis or clause which expresses a condition. Thus, in the sentence, "Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him," the former clause is the protasis, and the latter the apodosis.

Note: Some grammarians extend the terms protasis and apodosis to the introductory clause and the concluding clause, even when the sentence is not conditional.

APODOUS Ap"o*dous(#), a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Apodal; apod.

APODYTERIUM A*pod`y*te"ri*um, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Anc. Arch.)

Defn: The apartment at the entrance of the baths, or in the palestra, where one stripped; a dressing room.

APOGAIC Ap`o*ga"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Apogean.

APOGAMIC Ap`o*gam"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to apogamy.

APOGAMY A*pog"a*my, n. Etym: [Pref. apo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The formation of a bud in place of a fertilized ovule or oöspore. De Bary.

APOGEAL Ap`o*ge"al, a. (Astron.)

Defn: Apogean.

APOGEAN Ap`o*ge"an, a.

Defn: Connected with the apogee; as, apogean (neap) tides, which occur when the moon has passed her apogee.

APOGEE Ap"o*gee, n. Etym: [Gr. apogée.]

1. (Astron.)

Defn: That point in the orbit of the moon which is at the greatest distance from the earth.

Note: Formerly, on the hypothesis that the earth is in the center of the system, this name was given to that point in the orbit of the sun, or of a planet, which was supposed to be at the greatest distance from the earth.

2. Fig.: The farthest or highest point; culmination.

APOGEOTROPIC Ap`o*ge`o*trop"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. apo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Bending away from the ground; -- said of leaves, etc. Darwin.

APOGEOTROPISM Ap"o*ge*ot"ro*pism, n.

Defn: The apogeotropic tendency of some leaves, and other parts.

APOGRAPH Ap"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. apographe.]

Defn: A copy or transcript. Blount.

APOHYAL Ap`o*hy"al, a. Etym: [Pref. apo- + the Gr. letter Y.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a portion of the horn of the hyoid bone.

APOISE A*poise", adv. Etym: [Pref. a- + poise.]

Defn: Balanced.

APOLAR A*po"lar, a. Etym: [Pref. a- + polar.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having no radiating processes; -- applied particularly to certain nerve cells.

APOLAUSTIC Ap`o*laus"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Devoted to enjoyment.

APOLLINARIAN A*pol`li*na"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. Apollinaris, fr. Apollo.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: In honor of Apollo; as, the Apollinarian games.

APOLLINARIAN A*pol`li*na"ri*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Apollinaris, Bishop of Laodicea in the fourth century, who denied the proper humanity of Christ.

APOLLINARIS WATER A*pol`li*na"ris wa"ter.

Defn: An effervescing alkaline mineral water used as a table beverage. It is obtained from a spring in Apollinarisburg, near Bonn.

APOLLO A*pol"lo, n. Etym: [L. Apollo, -linis, Gr. (Classic Myth.)

Defn: A deity among the Greeks and Romans. He was the god of light and day (the "sun god"), of archery, prophecy, medicine, poetry, and music, etc., and was represented as the model of manly grace and beauty; -- called also Phébus. The Apollo Belvedere, a celebrated statue of Apollo in the Belvedere gallery of the Vatican palace at Rome, esteemed of the noblest representations of the human frame.