Chapter CCXXXIII: Foreword: Fore"word`, n (54)

1. Of or pertaining to the beginning; marking the commencement; incipient; commencing; as, the initial symptoms of a disease.

2. Placed at the beginning; standing at the head, as of a list or series; as, the initial letters of a name.

INITIAL In*i"tial, n.

Defn: The first letter of a word or a name.

INITIAL In*i"tial, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Initialed; p. pr. & vb. n. Initialing.]

Defn: To put an initial to; to mark with an initial of initials. [R.]

INITIALLY In*i"tial*ly, adv.

Defn: In an initial or incipient manner or degree; at the beginning. Barrow.

INITIATE In*i"ti*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Initiated; p. pr. & vb. n. Initiating.] Etym: [L. initiatus, p. p. of initiare to begin, fr. initium beginning. See Initial.]

1. To introduce by a first act; to make a beginning with; to set afoot; to originate; to commence; to begin or enter upon. How are changes of this sort to be initiated I. Taylor.

2. To acquaint with the beginnings; to instruct in the rudiments or principles; to introduce. Providence would only initiate mankind into the useful knowledge of her treasures, leaving the rest to employ our industry. Dr. H. More. To initiate his pupil into any part of learning, an ordinary skill in the governor is enough. Locke.

3. To introduce into a society or organization; to confer membership on; especially, to admit to a secret order with mysterious rites or ceremonies. The Athenians believed that he who was initiated and instructed in the mysteries would obtain celestial honor after death. Bp. Warburton. He was initiated into half a dozen clubs before he was one and twenty. Spectator.

INITIATE In*i"ti*ate, v. i.

Defn: To do the first act; to perform the first rite; to take the initiative. [R.] Pope.

INITIATE In*i"ti*ate, a. Etym: [L. initiatus, p. p.]

1. Unpracticed; untried; new. [Obs.] "The initiate fear that wants hard use." Shak.

2. Begun; commenced; introduced to, or instructed in, the rudiments; newly admitted. To rise in science as in bliss, Initiate in the secrets of the skies. Young. Initiate tenant by courtesy (Law), said of a husband who becomes such in his wife's estate of inheritance by the birth of a child, but whose estate is not consummated till the death of the wife. Mozley & W.

INITIATE In*i"ti*ate, n.

Defn: One who is, or is to be, initiated.

INITIATION In*i`ti*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. initiatio: cf. F. initiation.]

1. The act of initiating, or the process of being initiated or introduced; as, initiation into a society, into business, literature, etc. "The initiation of coursers of events." Pope.

2. The form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body; especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or order. Silence is the first thing that is taught us at our initiation into sacred mysteries. Broome.

INITIATIVE In*i"ti*a*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. initiatif.]

Defn: Serving to initiate; inceptive; initiatory; introductory; preliminary.

INITIATIVE In*i"ti*a*tive, n. Etym: [Cf. F. initiative.]

1. An introductory step or movement; an act which originates or begins. The undeveloped initiatives of good things to come. I. Taylor.

2. The right or power to introduce a new measure or course of action, as in legislation; as, the initiative in respect to revenue bills is in the House of Representatives.

INITIATOR In*i"ti*a`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who initiates.

INITIATORY In*i"ti*a*to*ry, a.

1. Suitable for an introduction or beginning; introductory; prefatory; as, an initiatory step. Bp. Hall.

2. Tending or serving to initiate; introducing by instruction, or by the use and application of symbols or ceremonies; elementary; rudimentary. Some initiatory treatises in the law. Herbert. Two initiatory rites of the same general import can not exist together. J. M. Mason.

INITIATORY In*i"ti*a*to*ry, n.

Defn: An introductory act or rite. [R.]

INITION In*i"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. inition. See Initial.]

Defn: Initiation; beginning. [Obs.] Sir R. Naunton.

INJECT In*ject", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Injected; p. pr. & vb. n. Injecting.] Etym: [L. injectus, p. p. of inicere, injicere, to throw in; pref. in- in + jacere to throw: cf. F. injecter. See Jet a shooting forth.]

1. To throw in; to dart in; to force in; as, to inject cold water into a condenser; to inject a medicinal liquid into a cavity of the body; to inject morphine with a hypodermic syringe.

2. Fig.: To throw; to offer; to propose; to instill. Cæsar also, then hatching tyranny, injected the same scrupulous demurs. Milton.

3. To cast or throw; -- with on. [R.] And mound inject on mound. Pope.

4. (Anat.)

Defn: To fill (a vessel, cavity, or tissue) with a fluid or other substance; as, to inject the blood vessels.

INJECTION In*jec"tion, n. Etym: [L. injectio : cf.F. injection.]

1. The act of injecting or throwing in; -- applied particularly to the forcible throwing in of a liquid, or aëriform body, by means of a syringe, pump, etc.

2. That which is injected; especially, a liquid medicine thrown into a cavity of the body by a syringe or pipe; a clyster; an enema. Mayne.

3. (Anat.) (a) The act or process of filling vessels, cavities, or tissues with a fluid or other substance. (b) A specimen prepared by injection.

4. (Steam Eng.) (a) The act of throwing cold water into a condenser to produce a vacuum. (b) The cold water thrown into a condenser. Injection cock, or Injection valve (Steam Eng.), the cock or valve through which cold water is admitted into a condenser. -- Injection condenser. See under Condenser. -- Injection pipe, the pipe through which cold water is through into the condenser of a steam engine.

INJECTOR In*ject"or, n.

1. One who, or that which, injects.

2. (Mach.)

Defn: A contrivance for forcing feed water into a steam boiler by the direct action of the steam upon the water. The water is driven into the boiler by the impulse of a jet of the steam which becomes condensed as soon as it strikes the stream of cold water it impels; - - also called Giffard's injector, from the inventor.

INJELLY In*jel"ly, v. t.

Defn: To place in jelly. [R.]

INJOIN In*join", v. t. Etym: [Obs.]

Defn: See Enjoin.

INJOINT In*joint, v. t. Etym: [Pref. in- in + joint.]

Defn: To join; to unite. [R.] Shak.

INJOINT In*joint, v. t. Etym: [Pref. in- in + joint.]

Defn: To disjoint; to separate. [Obs.] Holland.

INJUCUNDITY In`ju*cun"di*ty, n. Etym: [L. injucunditas. See In- not, and Jocund.]

Defn: Unpleassantness; disagreeableness. [Obs.] Cockeram.

INJUDICABLE In*ju"di*ca*ble, a.

Defn: Not cognizable by a judge. [Obs.] Bailey.

INJUDICIAL In`ju*di"cial, a.

Defn: Not according to the forms of law; not judicial. [R.]

INJUDICIOUS In`ju*di"cious, a. Etym: [Pref. in- not + judicious; cf. F. injudicieux.]

1. Not judicious; wanting in sound judgment; undiscerning; indiscreet; unwise; as, an injudicious adviser. An injudicious biographer who undertook to be his editor and the protector of his memory. A. Murphy.

2. Not according to sound judgment or discretion; unwise; as, an injudicious measure.

Syn. -- Indiscreet; inconsiderate; undiscerning; incautious; unwise; rash; hasty; imprudent.

INJUDICIOUSLY In`ju*di"cious*ly, adv.

Defn: In an injudicious manner.

INJUDICIOUSNESS In`ju*di"cious*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being injudicious; want of sound judgment; indiscretion. Whitlock.

INJUNCTION In*junc"tion, n. Etym: [L. injunctio, fr. injungere, injunctum, to join into, to enjoin. See Enjoin.]

1. The act of enjoining; the act of directing, commanding, or prohibiting.

2. That which is enjoined; an order; a mandate; a decree; a command; a precept; a direction. For still they knew,and ought to have still remembered, The high injunction,not to taste that fruit. Milton. Necessary as the injunctions of lawful authority. South.

3. (Law)

Defn: A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, insome cases, under statutes, by a court of law,whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.

Note: It is more generally used as a preventive than as a restorative process, although by no means confined to the former. Wharton. Daniell. Story.

INJURE In"jure, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Injured; p. pr. & vb. n. Injuring.] Etym: [L. injuriari, fr. injuria injury, perh. through F. injurier to insult, in OF. also, to injure; or perhaps fr. E. injury, or F. injure injury. See Injury.]

Defn: To do harm to; to impair the excellence and value of; to hurt; to damage; -- used in a variety of senses; as: (a) To hurt or wound, as the person; to impair soundness, as of health. (b) To damage or lessen the value of, as goods or estate. (c) To slander, tarnish, or impair, as reputation or character. (d) To impair or diminish, as happiness or virtue. (e) To give pain to, as the sensibilities or the feelings; to grieve; to annoy. (f) To impair, as the intellect or mind. When have I injured thee when done thee wrong Shak.

Syn. -- To damage; mar; spoil; harm; sully; wrong; maltreat; abuse; insult; affront; dishonor.

INJURER In"jur*er, n.

Defn: One who injures or wrongs.

INJURIA In*ju"ri*a, n.; pl. Injurie. Etym: [L.] (Law)

Defn: Injury; invasion of another's rights.

INJURIOUS In*ju"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. injuriousus, injurius; cf. F. injurieux. See Injury.]

1. Not just; wrongful; iniquitous; culpable. [Obs.] Milton. Till the injurious Roman did extort This tribute from us, we were free. Shak.

2. Causing injury or harm; hurtful; harmful; detrimental; mischievous; as, acts injurious to health, credit, reputation, property, etc. Without being injurious to the memory of our English Pindar. Dryden.

Syn. -- Harmful; hurtful; pernicious; mischievous; baneful; deleterious; noxious; ruinous; detrimental.

INJURIOUSLY In*ju"ri*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In an injurious or hurtful manner; wrongfully; hurtfully; mischievously.

INJURIOUSNESS In*ju"ri*ous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being injurious or hurtful; harmfulness; injury.

INJURY In"ju*ry, n.; pl. Injuries. Etym: [OE. injurie, L. injuria, fr. injurius injurious, wrongful, unjust; pref. in- not + jus,juris, right,law,justice: cf. F. injure. See Just, a.]

Defn: Any damage or violation of, the person, character, feelings, rights, property, or interests of an individual; that which injures, or occasions wrong, loss, damage, or detriment; harm; hurt; loss; mischief; wrong; evil; as, his health was impaired by a severe injury; slander is an injury to the character. For he that doeth injury shall receve that he did evil. Wyclif(Col. iii. 25). Many times we do injury to a cause by dwelling on trifling arguments. I. Watts. Riot ascends above their loftiest towers, And injury and outrage. Milton.

Note: Injury in morals and jurisprudence is the intentional doing of wrong. Fleming.

Syn. -- Harm; hurt; damage; loss; impairment; detriment; wrong; evil; injustice.

INJUSTICE In*jus"tice, n. Etym: [F. injustice, L. injustitia. See In- not, and Justice, and cf. Unjust.]

1. Want of justice and equity; violation of the rights of another or others; iniquity; wrong; unfairness; imposition. If this people [the Athenians] resembled Nero in their extravagance, much more did they resemble and even exceed him in cruelty and injustice. Burke.

2. An unjust act or deed; a sin; a crime; a wrong. Cunning men can be guilty of a thousand injustices without being discovered, or at least without being punished. Swift.

INK Ink, n. (Mach.)

Defn: The step, or socket, in which the lower end of a millstone spindle runs.

INK Ink, n. Etym: [OE. enke, inke, OF. enque, F. encre, L. encaustum the purple red ink with which the Roman emperors signed their edicts, Gr. Encaustic, Caustic.]

1. A fluid, or a viscous material or preparation of various kinds (commonly black or colored), used in writing or printing. Make there a prick with ink. Chaucer. Deformed monsters, foul and black as ink. Spenser.

2. A pigment. See India ink, under India.

Note: Ordinarily, black ink is made from nutgalls and a solution of some salt of iron, and consists essentially of a tannate or gallate of iron; sometimes indigo sulphate, or other coloring matter,is added. Other black inks contain potassium chromate, and extract of logwood, salts of vanadium, etc. Blue ink is usually a solution of Prussian blue. Red ink was formerly made from carmine (cochineal), Brazil wood, etc., but potassium eosin is now used. Also red, blue, violet, and yellow inks are largely made from aniline dyes. Indelible ink is usually a weak solution of silver nitrate, but carbon in the form of lampblack or India ink, salts of molybdenum, vanadium, etc., are also used. Sympathetic inks may be made of milk, salts of cobalt, etc. See Sympathetic ink (below). Copying ink, a peculiar ink used for writings of which copies by impression are to be taken. -- Ink bag (Zoöl.), an ink sac. -- Ink berry. (Bot.) (a) A shrub of the Holly family (Ilex glabra), found in sandy grounds along the coast from New England to Florida, and producing a small black berry. (b) The West Indian indigo berry. See Indigo. -- Ink plant (Bot.), a New Zealand shrub (Coriaria thumifolia), the berries of which uield a juice which forms an ink. -- Ink powder, a powder from which ink is made by solution. -- Ink sac (Zoöl.), an organ, found in most cephalopods, containing an inky fluid which can be ejected from a duct opening at the base of the siphon. The fluid serves to cloud the water, and enable these animals to escape from their enemies. See Illust. of Dibranchiata. -- Printer's ink, or Printing ink. See under Printing. -- Sympathetic ink, a writing fluid of such a nature that what is written remains invisible till the action of a reagent on the characters makes it visible.

INK Ink, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inked (nkt); p. pr. & vb. n. Inking.]

Defn: To put ink upon; to supply with ink; to blacken, color, or daub with ink.

INKER Ink"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, inks; especially, in printing, the pad or roller which inks the type.

INKFISH Ink"fish`, n.

Defn: A cuttlefish. See Cuttlefish.

INKHORN Ink"horn`, n. Etym: [Ink + horn; cf. F. cornet à encre, G. dintenhorn.]

Defn: A small bottle of horn or other material formerly used for holding ink; an inkstand; a portable case for writing materials. "With a writer's inkhorn by his side." Ezek. ix. 2. From his pocket the notary drew his papers and inkhorn. Longfellow.

INKHORN Ink"horn", a.

Defn: Learned; pedantic; affected. [Obs.] "Inkhorn terms." Bale.

INKHORNISM Ink"horn`ism, n.

Defn: Pedantry. Sir T. Wilson.

INKINESS Ink"i*ness, n. Etym: [From Inky.]

Defn: The state or quality of being inky; blackness.

INKING Ink"ing, a.

Defn: Supplying or covering with ink. Inking roller, a somewhat elastic roller,used to spread ink over forms of type, copperplates, etc. -- Inking trough or table, a trough or table from which the inking roller receives its ink.

INKLE In"kle, n. Etym: [Prob.the same word as lingle, the first l being mistaken for the definite article in French. See Lingle.]

Defn: A kind of tape or braid. Shak.

INKLE In"kle, v. t. Etym: [OE. inklen to hint; cf. Dan. ymte to whisper.]

Defn: To guess. [Prov. Eng.] "She inkled what it was." R. D. Blackmore.

INKLING In"kling, n.

Defn: A hint; an intimation. The least inkling or glimpse of this island. Bacon. They had some inkling of secret messages. Clarendon.

INKNEE In"knee`, n.

Defn: Same as Knock-knee.

INKNEED In"kneed`, a.

Defn: See Knock-kneed.

INKNOT In*knot", v. t.

Defn: To fasten or bind, as with a knot; to knot together. Fuller.

INKSTAND Ink"stand`, n.

Defn: A small vessel for holding ink, to dip the pen into; also, a device for holding ink and writing materials.

INKSTONE Ink"stone", n.

Defn: A kind of stone containing native vitriol or subphate of iron, used in making ink.

INKY Ink"y, a.

Defn: Consisting of, or resembling, ink; soiled with ink; black. "Inky blots." Shak. "Its inky blackness." Boyle.

INLACE In*lace", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inlaced; p. pr. & vb. n. Inlacing.] Etym: [Pref. in- + lace: cf. OE. enlacen to entangle, involve, OF. enlacier, F. enlacer. See Lace, and cf. Enlace.]

Defn: To work in, as lace; to embellish with work resembling lace; also, to lace or enlace. P. Fletcher.

INLAGATION In"la*ga"tion, n. Etym: [Law L. inlagatio, fr. inlagare to restore to law. See In, and Law.] (Old Eng. Law)

Defn: The restitution of an outlawed person to the protection of the law; inlawing. Bouvier.

INLAID In*laid", p. p.

Defn: of Inlay.

INLAND In"land, a.

1. Within the land; more or less remote from the ocean or from open water; interior; as, an inland town. "This wide inland sea." Spenser. From inland regions to the distant main. Cowper.

2. Limited to the land, or to inland routes; within the seashore boundary; not passing on, or over, the sea; as, inland transportation, commerce, navigation, etc.

3. Confined to a country or state; domestic; not foreing; as, an inland bill of exchange. See Exchange.

INLAND In"land, n.

Defn: The interior part of a country. Shak.

INLAND In"land, adv.

Defn: Into, or towards, the interior, away from the coast. Cook. The greatest waves of population have rolled inland from the east. S. Turner.

INLANDER In"land*er, n.

Defn: One who lives in the interior of a country, or at a distance from the sea. Sir T. Browne.

INLANDISH In"land*ish, a.

Defn: Inland. [Obs.] T. Reeve(1657)

INLAPIDATE In*lap"i*date, v. t. Etym: [Pref. in- in + L. lapis, lapidis, stone.]

Defn: To convert into a stony substance; to petrity. [R.] Bacon.

INLARD In*lard", v. t.

Defn: See Inlard.

INLAW In*law", v. t. Etym: [In + law. Cf. Inlagation.] (Old Eng. Law)

Defn: To clear of outlawry or attainder; to place under the protection of the law. Burrill.

INLAY In*lay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inlaied; p. pr. & vb. n. Inlaying.]

Defn: To lay within; hence, to insert, as pieces of pearl, iviry, choice woods, or the like, in a groundwork of some other material; to form an ornamental surface; to diversify or adorn with insertions. Look,how the floor of heaven Is thick inlaid with patines of bright gold. Shak. But these things are . . . borrowed by the monks to inlay their story. Milton.

INLAY In"lay`, n.

Defn: Matter or pieces of wood, ivory, etc., inlaid, or prepared for inlaying; that which is inserted or inlaid for ornament or variety. Crocus and hyacinth with rich inlay Broidered the ground. Milton. The sloping of the moonlit sward Was damask work, and deep inlay Of braided blooms. Tennyson.

INLAYER In*lay"er, n.

Defn: One who inlays, or whose occupation it is to inlay.

INLEAGUE In*league", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inleagued; p. pr. & vb. n. Inleaguing.]

Defn: To ally, or form an alliance witgh; to unite; to combine. With a willingness inleague our blood With his, for purchase of full growth in friendship. Ford.

INLEAGUER In*lea"guer, v. t.

Defn: To beleaguer. Holland.

INLET In"let, n.

1. A passage by which an inclosed place may be entered; a place of ingress; entrance. Doors and windows,inlets of men and of light. Sir H. Wotton.

2. A bay or recess,as in the shore of a sea, lake, or large river; a narrow strip of water running into the land or between islands.

3. That which is let in or inland; an inserted material.

Note: Inlet is also usewd adjectively,as in inlet pipe, inlet valve, etc.

INLIGHTEN In*light"en, v. t.

Defn: See Enlighten.

INLIST In*list", v. t.

Defn: See Enlist.

INLIVE In*live", v. t.

Defn: To animate. [R.] B. Jonson.

INLOCK In*lock", v. t.

Defn: To lock in, or inclose.

IN LOCO In lo"co. Etym: [L.]

Defn: In the place; in the proper or natural place.

INLUMINE In*lu"mine, v. t. [Obs.]

Defn: See Illumine.

INLY In"ly, a. Etym: [OE. inlich, AS. inlic. See In.]

Defn: Internal; interior; secret. Didst thou but know the inly touch of love. Shak.

INLY In"ly, adv.

Defn: Internally; within; in the heart. "Whereat he inly raged." Milton.

INMACY In"ma*cy, n. Etym: [From Inmate.]

Defn: The state of being an inmate. [R.] Craig.

INMATE In"mate`, n. Etym: [In + mate an associate.]

Defn: One who lives in the same house or apartment with another; a fellow lodger; esp.,one of the occupants of an asylum, hospital, or prison; by extension, one who occupies or lodges in any place or dwelling. So spake the enemy of mankind, inclos'd In serpent, inmate bad. Milton.

INMATE In"mate`, a.

Defn: Admitted as a dweller; resident; internal. [R.] "Inmate guests." Milton.

INMEATS In"meats`, n.pl.

Defn: The edible viscera of animals, as the heart, liver, etc.

INMESH In*mesh", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inmeshed; p. pr. & vb. n. Inmeshing.]

Defn: To bring within meshes, as of a net; to enmesh.

INMEW In*mew", v. t. Etym: [Cf.Emmew, Immew.]

Defn: To inclose, as in a mew or cage. [R.] "Inmew the town below." Beau. & Fl.

INMOST In"most`, a. Etym: [OE. innemest, AS. innemest, a double superlative form fr. inne within, fr. in in. The modern form is due to confusion with most. See In, and cf. Aftermost, Foremost, Innermost.]

Defn: Deepest within; farthest from the surface or external part; innermost. And pierce the inmost center of the earth. Shak. The silent, slow, consuming fires, Which on my inmost vitals prey. Addison.

INN Inn, n. Etym: [AS. in,inn, house, chamber, inn, from AS. in in; akin to Icel. inni house. See In.]

1. A place of shelter; hence, dwelling; habitation; residence; abode. [Obs.] Chaucer. Therefore with me ye may take up your inn For this same night. Spenser.

2. A house for the lodging and entertainment of travelers or wayfarers; a tavern; a public house; a hotel.

Note: As distinguished from a private boarding house, an inn is a house for the entertainment of all travelers of good conduct and means of payment,as guests for a brief period,not as lodgers or boarders by contract. The miserable fare and miserable lodgment of a provincial inn. W. Irving.

3. The town residence of a nobleman or distinguished person; as, Leicester Inn. [Eng.]

4. One of the colleges (societies or buildings) in London, for students of the law barristers; as, the Inns of Court; the Inns of Chancery; Serjeants' Inns. Inns of chancery (Eng.), colleges in which young students formerly began their law studies, now occupied chiefly by attorneys, solicitors, etc. -- Inns of court (Eng.), the four societies of "students and practicers of the law of England" which in London exercise the exclusive right of admitting persons to practice at the bar; also, the buildings in which the law students and barristers have their chambers. They are the Inner Temple, the Middle Temple, Lincoln's Inn, and Gray's Inn.

INN Inn, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inned; p. pr. & vb. n. Inning.]

Defn: To take lodging; to lodge. [R.] Addison.

INN Inn, v. t.

1. To house; to lodge. [Obs.] When he had brought them into his city And inned them, everich at his degree. Chaucer.

2. To get in; to in. See In, v. t.

INNATE In"nate, a. Etym: [L. innatus; pref. in- in + natus born, p.p. of nasci to be born. See Native.]

1. Inborn; native; natural; as, innate vigor; innate eloquence.

2. (Metaph.)

Defn: Originating in, or derived from, the constitution of the intellect, as opposed to acquired from experience; as, innate ideas. See A priori, Intuitive. There is an innate light in every man, discovering to him the first lines of duty in the common notions of good and evil. South. Men would not be guilty if they did not carry in their mind common notions of morality,innate and written in divine letters. Fleming (Origen). If I could only show,as I hope I shall . . . how men, barely by the use of their natural faculties, may attain to all the knowledge they have, without the help of any innate impressions; and may arrive at certainty without any such original notions or principles. Locke.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Joined by the base to the very tip of a filament; as, an innate anther. Gray. Innate ideas (Metaph.), ideas, as of God, immortality, right and wrong, supposed by some to be inherent in the mind, as a priori principles of knowledge.

INNATE In*nate", v. t.

Defn: To cause to exit; to call into being. [Obs.] "The first innating cause." Marston.

INNATELY In"nate*ly, adv.

Defn: Naturally.

INNATENESS In"nate*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being innate.

INNATIVE In*na"tive, a.

Defn: Native. [Obs.] Chapman.

INNAVIGABLE In*nav"i*ga*ble, a. Etym: [L. innavigabilis : cf. F. innavigable. See In- not, and Navigable.]

Defn: Incapable of being navigated; impassable by ships or vessels. Drygen. -- In*nav"i*ga*bly, adv.

INNE Inne, adv. & prep.

Defn: In. [Obs.] And eke in what array that they were inne. Chaucer.

INNER In"ner, a. Etym: [AS. innera, a compar. fr. inne within, fr. in in. See In.]

1. Further in; interior; internal; not outward; as, an spirit or its phenomena. This attracts the soul, Governs the inner man,the nobler part. Milton.

3. Not obvious or easily discovered; obscure. Inner house (Scot.), the first and second divisions of the court of Session at Edinburgh; also,the place of their sittings. -- Inner jib (Naut.), a fore-and-aft sail set on a stay running from the fore-topmast head to the jib boom. -- Inner plate (Arch.), the wall plate which lies nearest to the center of the roof,in a double-plated roof. -- Inner post (Naut.), a piece brought on at the fore side of the main post, to support the transoms. -- Inner square (Carp.), the angle formed by the inner edges of a carpenter's square.

INNERLY In"ner*ly, adv.

Defn: More within. [Obs.] Baret.

INNERMOST In"ner*most`, a. Etym: [A corruption of inmost due to influence of inner. See Inmost.]

Defn: Farthest inward; most remote from the outward part; inmost; deepest within. Prov. xviii. 8.

INNERMOSTLY In"ner*most`ly, adv.

Defn: In the innermost place. [R.] His ebon cross worn innermostly. Mrs. Browning.

INNERVATE In*ner"vate, v. t. Etym: [See Innerve.] (Anat.)

Defn: To supply with nerves; as, the heart is innervated by pneumogastric and sympathetic branches.

INNERVATION In`ner*va"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. innervation.]

1. The act of innerving or stimulating.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: Special activity excited in any part of the nervous system or in any organ of sense or motion; the nervous influence necessary for the maintenance of life,and the functions of the various organs.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: The distribution of nerves in an animal, or to any of its parts.

INNERVE In*nerve", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Innerved; p. pr. & vb. n. Innerving.] Etym: [Pref. in- in + nerve.]

Defn: To give nervous energy or power to; to give increased energy,force,or courage to; to invigorate; to stimulate.

INNHOLDER Inn"hold`er, n.

Defn: One who keeps an inn.

INNING In"ning, n. Etym: [AS. innung, fr. in in, prep. & adv.]

1. Ingathering; harvesting. [Obs.] Holland.

2. The state or turn of being in; specifically, in cricket, baseball, etc.,the turn or time of a player or of a side at the bat; -- often in the pl. Hence: The turn or time of a person, or a party, in power; as, the Whigs went out, and the Democrats had their innings.

3. pl.

Defn: Lands recovered from the sea. Ainsworth.

INNITENCY In*ni"ten*cy, n. Etym: [L. inniti, p.p. innixus, to lean upon; pref. in- in, on + niti to lean.]

Defn: A leaning; pressure; weight. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

INNIXION In*nix"ion, n. Etym: [See Innitency.]

Defn: Act of leaning upon something; incumbency. [Obs.] Derham.

INNKEEPER Inn"keep`er, n.

Defn: An innholder.

INNOCENCE In"no*cence, n. Etym: [F. innocence, L. innocentia. See Innocent.]

1. The state or quality of being innocent; freedom from that which is harmful or infurious; harmlessness.

2. The state or quality of being morally free from guilt or sin; purity of heart; blamelessness. The silence often of pure innocence Persuades when speaking fails. Shak. Banished from man's life his happiest life, Simplicity and spotless innocence! Milton.

3. The state or quality of being not chargeable for, or guilty of, a particular crime or offense; as, the innocence of the prisoner was clearly shown.

4. Simplicity or plainness, bordering on weakness or silliness; artlessness; ingenuousness. Chaucer. Shak.

Syn. -- Harmlessness; innocuousness; blamelessness; purity; sinlessness; guiltlessness.

INNOCENCY In"no*cen*cy, n.

Defn: Innocence.

INNOCENT In"no*cent, a. Etym: [F.innocent, L. innocens, -entis; pref. in- not + nocens, p.pr. of nocere to harm, hurt. See Noxious.]

1. Not harmful; free from that which can injure; innoxious; innocuous; harmless; as, an innocent medicine or remedy. The spear Sung innocent,and spent its force in air. Pope.

2. Morally free from guilt; guiltless; not tainted with sin; pure; upright. To offer up a weak, poor, innocent lamb. Shak. I have sinned in that I have betrayed the innocent blood. Matt. xxvii. 4. The aidless,innocent lady, his wished prey. Milton.

3. Free from the guilt of a particular crime or offense; as, a man is innocent of the crime charged. Innocent from the great transgression. Ps. xix. 13.

4. Simple; artless; foolish. Shak.

5. Lawful; permitted; as, an innocent trade.

6. Not contraband; not subject to forfeiture; as, innocent goods carried to a belligerent nation. Innocent party (Law),a party who has not notice of a fact tainting a litigated transaction with illegality.

Syn. -- Harmless; innoxious; innoffensive; guiltless; spotless; immaculate; pure; unblamable; blameless; faultless; guileless; upright.

INNOCENT In"no*cent, n.

1. An innocent person; one free from, or unacquainted with, guilt or sin. Shak.

2. An unsophisticated person; hence, a child; a simpleton; an idiot. B. Jonson. In Scotland a natural fool was called an innocent. Sir W. Scott. Innocents' day (Eccl.), Childermas day.

INNOCENTLY In"no*cent*ly, adv.

Defn: In an innocent manner.

INNOCUITY In"no*cu"i*ty, n.

Defn: Innocuousness.

INNOCUOUS In*noc"u*ous, a. Etym: [L. innocuus; in- not + nocuus hurtful, fr. nocere to hurt. See Innocent.]

Defn: Harmless; producing no ill effect; innocent. A patient, innocuous, innocent man. Burton. -- In*noc"u*ous*ly, adv. -- In*noc"u*ous*ness, n. Where the salt sea innocuously breaks. Wordsworth.

INNODATE In"no*date, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Innodated; p. pr. & vb. n. Innodating.] Etym: [L. innodatus, p.p. of innodare; pref. in- in + nodus knot.]

Defn: To bind up,as in a knot; to include. [Obs.] Fuller.

INNOMINABLE In*nom"i*na*ble, a. Etym: [L. innominabilis; pref. in- not + nominare to name: cf. F. innominable.]

Defn: Not to be named. [R.] Testament of Love.

INNOMINATE In*nom"i*nate, a. Etym: [L. innominatus; pref. in- not + nominare to name.]

1. Having no name; unnamed; as, an innominate person or place. [R.] Ray.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A term used in designating many parts otherwise unnamed; as, the innominate artery, a great branch of the arch of the aorta; the innominate vein, a great branch of the superior vena cava. Innominate bone (Anat.), the great bone which makes a lateral half of the pelvis in mammals; hip bone; haunch bone; huckle bone. It is composed of three bones, ilium, ischium, and pubis, consolidated into one in the adult, though separate in the fetus, as also in many adult reptiles and amphibians. -- Innominate contracts (Law), in the Roman law, contracts without a specific name.

INNOVATE In"no*vate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Innovated; p. pr. & vb. n. Innovating.] Etym: [L. innovatus,p.p. of innovare to revew; pref. in- in + novare to make new,fr. novus new. See New.]

1. To bring in as new; to introduce as a novelty; as, to innovate a word or an act. [Archaic]

2. To change or alter by introducing something new; to remodel; to revolutionize. [Archaic] Burton. From his attempts upon the civil power, he proceeds to innovate God's worship. South.

INNOVATE In"no*vate, v. i.

Defn: To introduce novelties or changes; -- sometimes with in or on. Bacon. Every man,therefore,is not fit to innovate. Dryden.

INNOVATION In`no*va"tion, n. Etym: [L. innovatio; cf. F. innovation.]

1. The act of innovating; introduction of something new, in customs, rites, etc. Dryden.

2. A change effected by innovating; a change in customs; something new, and contrary to established customs, manners, or rites. Bacon. The love of things ancient doth argue stayedness, but levity and want of experience maketh apt unto innovations. Hooker.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: A newly formed shoot, or the annually produced addition to the stems of many mosses.

INNOVATIONIST In`no*va"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One who favors innovation.

INNOVATIVE In"no*va*tive, a.

Defn: Characterized by, or introducing, innovations. Fitzed. Hall.

INNOVATOR In"no*va`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. innovateur.]

Defn: One who innovates. Shak.

INNOXIOUS In*nox"ious, a. Etym: [L. innoxius. See In- not, and Noxious.]

1. Free from hurtful qualities or effects; harmless. "Innoxious flames." Sir K. Digby.

2. Free from crime; pure; innocent. Pope. -- In*nox`ious*ly, adv. -- In*nox"ious*ness, n.

INNUBILOUS In*nu"bi*lous, a. Etym: [L. innubilus. See Nubilous.]

Defn: Cloudless. [Obs.] Blount.

INNUENDO In`nu*en"do, n.; pl. Innuedoes(. Etym: [L., by intimation, by hinting, gerund of innuere, innutum, to give a nod, to intimate; pref. in- in, to + -nuere (in comp.) to nod. See Nutation.]

1. An oblique hint; a remote allusion or reference, usually derogatory to a person or thing not named; an insinuation. Mercury . . . owns it a marriage by an innuendo. Dryden. Pursue your trade of scandal picking; Your innuendoes, when you tell us, That Stella loves to talk with fellows. Swift.

2. (Law)

Defn: An averment employed in pleading, to point the application of matter otherwise unintelligible; an interpretative parenthesis thrown into quoted matter to explain an obscure word or words; -- as, the plaintiff avers that the defendant said that he (innuendo the plaintiff) was a thief. Wharton.

Note: The term is so applied from having been the introductory word of this averment or parenthetic explanation when pleadings were in Latin. The word "meaning" is used as its equivalent in modern forms.

Syn. -- Insinuation; suggestion; hint; intimation; reference; allusion; implication; representation; -- Innuendo, Insinuation. An innuendo is an equivocal allusion so framed as to point distinctly at something which is injurious to the character or reputation of the person referred to. An insinuation turns on no such double use of language, but consists in artfully winding into the mind imputations of an injurious nature without making any direct charge.

INNUENT In"nu*ent, a. Etym: [L.innuens, p.pr.]

Defn: Conveying a hint; significant. [Obs.] Burton.

INNUIT In"nu*it, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: An Eskimo.

INNUMERABILITY In*nu`mer*a*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. innumerabilitas.]

Defn: State of being innumerable. Fotherby.

INNUMERABLE In*nu`mer*a*ble, a. Etym: [L. innumerabilis : cf.F. innumefable. See In- not, and Numerable.]

Defn: Not capable of being counted, enumerated, or numbered, for multitude; countless; numberless; unnumbered, hence, indefinitely numerous; of great number. Innumerable as the stars of night. Milton. -- In*nu"mer*a*ble*ness, n. -- In*nu"mer*a*bly, adv.

INNUMEROUS In*nu"mer*ous, a. Etym: [L. innumerosus, innumerus. See Numerous.]

Defn: Innumerable. [Archaic] Milton.

INNUTRITION In`nu*tri"tion, n.

Defn: Want of nutrition; failure of nourishment. E. Darwin.

INNUTRITIOUS In`nu*tri"tious, a.

Defn: Not nutritious; not furnishing nourishment.

INNUTRITIVE In*nu"tri*tive, a.

Defn: Innutritious.

INNYARD Inn"yard`, n.

Defn: The yard adjoining an inn.

INOBEDIENCE In`o*be"di*ence, n. Etym: [L. inoboedientia : cf.F. inobedience.]

Defn: Disobedience. [Obs.] Wyclif. Chaucer.

INOBEDIENT In`o*be"di*ent, a. Etym: [L. inoboediens, p.pr. of inoboedire : cf.F. inobedient. See Obedient.]

Defn: Not obedient; disobedient. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- In`o*be"di*ent*ly, adv. [Obs.]

INOBSERVABLE In`ob*serv"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. inobservabilis : cf. F. inobservable. See In- not, and Observable.]

Defn: Not observable.

INOBSERVANCE In`ob*serv"ance, a. Etym: [L. inobservantia : cf. F. inobservance.]

Defn: Want or neglect of observance. Bacon.

INOBSERVANT In`ob*serv"ant, a. Etym: [L. inobservans. See In- not, and Observant.]

Defn: Not observant; regardless; heedless. Bp. Hurd. -- In`ob*serv"ant*ly, adv.

INOBSERVATION In*ob`ser*va"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. inobservation.]

Defn: Neglect or want of observation. [R.]

INOBTRUSIVE In`ob*tru"sive, a.

Defn: Not obtrusive; unobtrusive. -- In`ob*tru"sive*ly, adv. -- In`ob*tru"sive*ness, n.

INOCARPIN In`o*car"pin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A red, gummy, coloring matter, extracted from the colorless juice of the Otaheite chestnut (Inocarpus edulis).

INOCCUPATION In*oc`cu*pa"tion, n.

Defn: Want of occupation.

INOCERAMUS In`o*cer"a*mus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct genus of large, fossil, bivalve shells,allied to the mussels. The genus is characteristic of the Cretaceous period.

INOCULABILITY In*oc`u*la*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The qual ity or state of being inoculable.

INOCULABLE In*oc"u*la*ble, a. Etym: [See Inoculate.]

Defn: Capable of being inoculated; capable of communicating disease, or of being communicated, by inoculation.

INOCULAR In*oc"u*lar, a. (Zoöl)

Defn: Inserted in the corner of the eye; -- said of the antenn

INOCULATE In*oc"u*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inoculated; p. pr. & vb. n. Inoculating,.] Etym: [L. inoculatus, p.p. of inoculare to ingraft; pref. in- in,on + oculare to furnish with eyes, fr. oculus an eye, also, a bud. See Ocular.]

1. To bud; to insert, or graft, as the bud of a tree or plant in another tree or plant.

2. To insert a foreign bud into; as, to inoculate a tree.

3. (Med.)

Defn: To communicate a disease to ( a person ) by inserting infectious matter in the skin or flesh; as, to inoculate a person with the virus of smallpox,rabies, etc. See Vaccinate.

4. Fig.: To introduce into the mind; -- used especially of harmful ideas or principles; to imbue; as, to inoculate one with treason or infidelity.

INOCULATE In*oc"u*late, v. i.

1. To graft by inserting buds.

2. To communicate disease by inoculation.

INOCULATION In*oc"u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. inoculatio: cf. F. inoculation.]

1. The act or art of inoculating trees or plants.

2. (Med.)

Defn: The act or practice of communicating a disease to a person in health, by inserting contagious matter in his skin or flesh.

Note: The use was formerly limited to the intentional communication of the smallpox, but is now extended to include any similar introduction of modified virus; as, the inoculation of rabies by Pasteur.

3. Fig.: The communication of principles, especially false principles, to the mind.

INOCULATOR In*oc"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. inoculateur.]

Defn: One who inoculates; one who propagates plants or diseases by inoculation.

INODIATE In*o"di*ate, v. t. Etym: [Pref. in- in + L. odium hatred.]

Defn: To make odious or hateful. [Obs.] South.

INODORATE In*o"dor*ate, a.

Defn: Inodorous. [Obs.] Bacon.

INODOROUS In*o"dor*ous, a. Etym: [L. inodorus. See In- not, and Odorous.]

Defn: Emitting no odor; wthout smell; scentless; odorless. -- In*o"dor*ous*ness, n.

INOFFENSIVE In"of*fen"sive, a. Etym: [Pref. in- not + offensiue: cf. F. inoffensif.]

1. Giving no offense, or provocation; causing no uneasiness, annoyance, or disturbance; as, an inoffensive man, answer, appearance.

2. Harmless; doing no injury or mischief. Dryden.

3. Not obstructing; presenting no interruption bindrance. [R.] Milton. So have Iseen a river gintly glide In a smooth course, and inoffensive tide. Addison. -- In"of*fen"sive*ly, adv. -- In"of*fen"sive*ness, n.

INOFFICIAL In"of*fi"cial, a.

Defn: Not official; not having official sanction or authoriy; not according to the forms or ceremony of official business; as, inofficial intelligence. Pinckney and Marshall would not make inofficial visits to discuss official business. Pickering.

Syn. -- Private; informal; unwarranted; unauthorizod; irregular; unceremonious; unprofessional.

INOFFICIALLY In`of*fi"cial*ly, adv.

Defn: Without the usual forms, or not in the official character.

INOFFICIOUS In`of*fi"cious, a. Etym: [L. inofficiosus: cf. F.inofficieux. See In- not, and Officious.]

1. Indifferent to obligation or duty. [Obs.] Thou drown'st thyself in inofficious sleep. B. Jonson.

2. Not officious; not civil or attentive. [Obs.] Jonhson.

3. (Law)

Defn: Regardless of natural obligation; contrary to natural duty; unkind; -- commonly said of a testament made without regard to natural obligation, or by which a child is unjustly deprived of inheritance. "The inofficious testament." Blackstone. "An inofficious disposition of his fortune." Paley.

INOFFICIOUSLY In`of*fi"cious*ly, adv.

Defn: Not-officiously.

INOGEN In"o*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A complex nitrogenous substance, which, by Hermann's hypothesis, is continually decomposed and reproduced in the muscles, during their life.

INOPERATION In*op`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. inoperari to effect; pref. in- in + operari to operate.]

Defn: Agency; influence; production of effects. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

INOPERATIVE In*op"er*a*tive, a. Etym: [Pref. in- not + operative.]

Defn: Not operative; not active; producing no effects; as, laws renderd inoperative by neglect; inoperative remedies or processes.

INOPERCULAR; INOPERCULATE In`o*per"cu*lar, In`o*per"cu*late, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having no operculum; -- said of certain gastropod shells.

INOPINABLE In`o*pin"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. inopinabilis. See Inopinate.]

Defn: Not to be expected; inconceivable. [Obs.] "Inopinable, incredible . . . saings." Latimer.

INOPINATE In*op"i*nate, a. Etym: [L. inopinatus. See In- not, and Opine.]

Defn: Not expected or looked for. [Obs.]

INOPPORTUNE In*op`por*tune" (, a. Etym: [L. inopportunus: cf. F. inopportun. See In- not, and Opportune.]

Defn: Not opportune; inconvenient; unseasonable; as, an inopportune occurrence, remark, etc. No visit could have been more inopportune. T. Hook.

INOPPORTUNELY In*op`por*tune"ly, adv.

Defn: Not opportunely; unseasonably; inconveniently.

INOPPORTUNITY In*op`por*tu"ni*ty, n.

Defn: Want of opportunity; unseasonableness; inconvenience. [R.]

INOPPRESSIVE In`op*press"ive, a.

Defn: Not oppressive or burdensome. O. Wolcott.

INOPULENT In*op"u*lent, a. Etym: [Pref. in- not + opulent: cf. F. inopulent.]

Defn: Not opulent; not affluent or rich.

INORDINACY In*or"di*na*cy, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being inordinate; excessiveness; immoderateness; as, the inordinacy of love or desire. Jer. Taylor.

INORDINATE In*or"di*nate, a. Etym: [L. inordinatus disordered. See In- not, and Ordinate.]

Defn: Not limited to rules prescribed, or to usual bounds; irregular; excessive; immoderate; as, an inordinate love of the world. "Inordinate desires." Milton. "Inordinate vanity." Burke. -- In*or"di*nate*ly, adv. -- In*or"di*nate*ness, n.

INORDINATION In*or`di*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. inordinatio.]

Defn: Deviation from custom, rule, or right; irregularity; inordinacy. [Obs.] South. Every inordination of religion that is not in defect, is properly called superstition. Jer. Taylor.

INORGANIC In`or*gan"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. in- not + organic: cf. F. inorganique.]

Defn: Not organic; without the organs necessary for life; devoid of an organized structure; unorganized; lifeness; inanimate; as, all chemical compounds are inorganic substances.

Note: The term inorganic is used to denote any one the large series of substances (as minerals, metals, etc.), which are not directly connected with vital processes, either in origin or nature, and which are broadly and relatively contrasted with organic subscances. See Organic. Inorganic Chemistry. See under Chemistry.

INORGANICAL In`or*gan"ic*al, a.

Defn: Inorganic. Locke.

INORGANICALLY In`or*gan"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an inorganic manner.

INORGANITY In`or*gan"i*ty, n.

Defn: Quality of being inorganic. [Obs.] "The inorganity of the soul." Sir T. Browne.

INORGANIZATION In*or`gan*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The state of being without organization.

INORGANIZED In*or"gan*ized, a.

Defn: Not having organic structure; devoid of organs; inorganic.

INORTHOGRAPHY In`or*thog"ra*phy, n.

Defn: Deviation from correct orthography; bad spelling. [Obs.] Feltham.

INOSCULATE In*os"cu*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inosculated; p. pr. & vb. n. Inosculating.] Etym: [Pref. in- in + osculate.]

1. To unite by apposition or contact, as two tubular vessels at their extremities; to anastomose.

2. To intercommunicate; to interjoin. The several monthly divisions of the journal may inosculate, but not the several volumes. De Quincey.

INOSCULATE In*os"cu*late, v. t.

1. To unite by apposition or contact, as two vessels in an animal body. Berkeley.

2. To unite intimately; to cause to become as one. They were still together, grew (For so they said themselves) inosculated. Tennyson.

INOSCULATION In*os`cu*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. inosculation.]

Defn: The junction or connection of vessels, channels, or passages, so that their contents pass from one to the other; union by mouths or ducts; anastomosis; intercommunication; as, inosculation of veins, etc. Ray.

INOSINIC In`o*sin"ic, a. Etym: [From Inosite.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, inosite; as, inosinic acid.

INOSITE In"o*site, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline substance with a sweet taste, found in certain animal tissues and fluids, particularly in the muscles of the heart and lungs, also in some plants, as in unripe pease, beans, potato sprouts, etc. Called also phaseomannite.

Note: Chemically,it has the composition represented by the formula, C6H12O6+H2O, and was formerly regarded as a carbohydrate, isomeric with dextrose, but is now known to be an aromatic compound (a hexacid phenol derivative of benzene).

INOXIDIZABLE In*ox"idi`za*ble, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Incapable of being oxidized; as, gold and platinum are inoxidizable in the air.

INOXIDIZE In*ox"i*dize, v. i.

Defn: To prevent or hinder oxidation, rust, or decay; as, inoxidizing oils or varnishes.

INPATIENT In"pa`tient, n.

Defn: A patient who receives lodging and food, as well as treatment, in a hospital or an infirmary; -- distinguished from outpatient.

IN POSSE In` pos"se. Etym: [L.]

Defn: In possibility; possible, although not yet in existence or come to pass; -- contradistinguished from in esse.

INQUARTATION In`quar*ta"tion, n.

Defn: Quartation.

INQUEST In"quest, n. Etym: [OE. enqueste, OF. enqueste, F. enquête, LL. inquesta, for inquisita, fr. L. inquisitus, p.p. of inquirere. See Inquire.]

1. Inquiry; quest; search. [R.] Spenser. The laborious and vexatious inquest that the soul must make after science. South.

2. (Law) (a) Judicial inquiry; official examination, esp. before a jury; as, a coroner's inquest in case of a sudden death. (b) A body of men assembled under authority of law to inquire into any matterm civil or criminal, particularly any case of violent or sudden death; a jury, particularly a coroner's jury. The grand jury is sometimes called the grand inquest. See under Grand. (c) The finding of the jury upon such inquiry. Coroner's inquest, an inquest held by a coroner to determine the cause of any violent, sudden, or mysterious death. See Coroner. -- Inquest of office, an inquiry made, by authority or direction of proper officer, into matters affecting the rights and interests of the crown or of the state. Craig. Bouvier.

INQUIET In*qui"et, v. t. Etym: [L. inquietare: cf. F. inquieter. See Quiet.]

Defn: To disquiet. [Obs.] Joye.

INQUIETATION In*qui`e*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. inquietatio : cf. F. inquielation.]

Defn: Disturbance. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

INQUIETNESS In*qui"et*ness, n.

Defn: Unquietness. [Obs.] Joye.

INQUIETUDE In*qui"e*tude, n. Etym: [L. inquietudo: cf. F. inquietude.]

Defn: Disturbed state; uneasiness either of body or mind; restlessness; disquietude. Sir H. Wotton.

INQUILINE In"qui*line, n. Etym: [L. inquilinus a tenant, lodger.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A gallfly which deposits its eggs in galls formed by other insects.

INQUINATE In"qui*nate, v. t. Etym: [L. inquinatus, p.p. of inquinare to defile.]

Defn: To defile; to pollute; to contaminate; to befoul. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

INQUINATION In`qui*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. inquinatio.]

Defn: A defiling; pollution; stain. [Obs.] Bacon.

INQUIRABLE In*quir"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. enquerable.]

Defn: Capable of being inquired into; subject or liable to inquisition or inquest. Bacon.

INQUIRANCE In*quir"ance, n.

Defn: Inquiry. [Obs.] Latimer.

INQUIRE In*quire", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inquired; p. pr. & vb. n. Inquiring.] Etym: [OE. enqueren, inqueren, OF. enquerre, F. enquérir, L. inquirere, inquisitum; pref. in- in + quarere to seek. See Quest a seeking, and cf. Inquiry.] [Written also enquire.]

1. To ask a question; to seek for truth or information by putting queries. We will call the damsel, and inquire. Gen. xxiv. 57. Then David inquired of the Lord yet again. And the Lord answered him. 1 Sam. xxiii. 4.

2. To seek to learn anything by recourse to the proper means of knoledge; to make examination. And inquire Gladly into the ways of God with man. Miltom.

Note: This word is followed by of before the person asked; as, to inquire of a neighbor. It is followed by concerning, after, or about, before the subject of inquiry; as, his friends inquired about or concerning his welfare. "Thou dost not inquire wisely concerning this." Eccl. vii. 10. It is followed by into when search is made for particular knowledge or information; as, to inquire into the cause of a sudden death. It is followed by for or after when a place or person is sought, or something is missing. "Inquire in the house of Judas for one called Saul of Tarsus." Acts ix. 11.

INQUIRE In*quire", v. t.

1. To ask about; to seek to know by asking; to make examination or inquiry respecting. Having thus at length inquired the truth concerning law and dispense. Milton. And all obey and few inquire his will. Byron.

2. To call or name. [Obs.] Spenser.

Syn. -- To ask; question. See Question.

INQUIRENT In*quir"ent, a. Etym: [L. inquirens, p. pr.]

Defn: Making inquiry; inquiring; questioning. [Obs.] Shenstone.

INQUIRER In*quir"er, n. Etym: [Written also enquirer.]

Defn: One who inquires or examines; questioner; investigator. Locke. Expert inquirers after truth. Cowper.

INQUIRING In*quir"ing, a.

Defn: Given to inquiry; disposed to investigate causes; curious; as, an inquiring mind.

INQUIRINGLY In*quir"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In an inquiring manner.

INQUIRY In*quir"y, n.; pl. Inquiries. Etym: [See Inquire.] [Written also enquiry.]

1. The act of inquiring; a seeking for information by asking questions; interrogation; a question or questioning. He could no path nor track of foot descry, Nor by inquiry learn, nor guess by aim. Spenser. The men which were sent from Cornelius had made inquiry for Simon's house, and stood before the gate. Acts x. 17.

2. Search for truth, information, or knoledge; examination into facts or principles; research; invextigation; as, physical inquiries. All that is wanting to the perfection of this art will undoubtedly be found, if able men . . . will make inquiry into it. Dryden. Court of inquiry. See under Court. -- Writ of inquiry, a writ issued in certain actions at law, where the defendant has suffered judgment to pass against him by default, in order to ascertain and assess the plaintiff's damages, where they can not readily be ascertained by mere calculation. Burrill.

Syn. -- Interrogation; interrogatory; question; query; scrutiny; investigation; research; examination.

INQUISIBLE In*quis"i*ble, a.

Defn: Admitting judicial inquiry. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

INQUISITION In`qui*si"tion, n. Etym: [L. inquisitio : cf. F. inquisition. See Inquire, and cf. Inquest.]

1. The act of inquiring; inquiry; search; examination; inspection; investigation. As I could learn through earnest inquisition. Latimer. Let not search and inquisition quail To bring again these foolish runaways. Shak.

2. (Law) (a) Judicial inquiry; official examination; inquest. (b) The finding of a jury, especially such a finding under a writ of inquiry. Bouvier. The justices in eyre had it formerly in charge to make inquisition concerning them by a jury of the county. Blackstone.

3. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A court or tribunal for the examination and punishment of heretics, fully established by Pope Gregory IX. in 1235. Its operations were chiefly confined to Spain, Portugal, and their dependencies, and a part of Italy.

INQUISITION In`qui*si"tion, v. t.

Defn: To make inquisistion concerning; to inquire into. [Obs.] Milton.

INQUISITIONAL In`qui*si"tion*al, a. Etym: [LL. inquisitionalis.]

Defn: Relating to inquiry or inquisition; inquisitorial; also, of or pertaining to, or characteristic of, the Inquisition. All the inquisitional rigor . . . executed upon books. Milton.

INQUISITIONARY In`qui*si"tion*a*ry, (, a. Etym: [Cf. F. inquisitionnaire.] [R.]

Defn: Inquisitional.

INQUISITIVE In*quis"i*tive, a. Etym: [OE. inquisitif, F. inquisitif.]

1. Disposed to ask questions, especially in matters which do not concern the inquirer. A wise man is not inquisitive about things impertinent. Broome.

2. Given to examination, investigation, or research; searching; curious. A young, inquisitive, and sprightly genius. I. Watts.

Syn. -- Inquiring; prying; curious; meddling; intrusive. -- Inquisitive, Curious, Prying. Curious denotes a feeling, and inquisitive a habit. We are curious when we desire to learn something new; we are inquisitive when we set ourselves to gain it by inquiry or research. Prying implies inquisitiveness, and is more commonly used in a bad sense, as indicating a desire to penetrate into the secrets of others. [We] curious are to hear, What happens new. Milton. This folio of four pages [a newspaper], happy work! Which not even critics criticise; that holds Inquisitive attention, while I read. Cowper. Nor need we with a prying eye survey The distant skies, to find the Milky Way. Creech.

INQUISITIVE In*quis"i*tive, n.

Defn: A person who is inquisitive; one curious in research. Sir W. Temple.

INQUISITIVELY In*quis"i*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In an inquisitive manner. The occasion that made him afterwards so inquisitively apply himself to the study of physic. Boyle.

INQUISITIVENESS In*quis"i*tive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being inquisitive; the disposition to seek explanation and information; curiosity to learn what is unknown; esp., uncontrolled and impertinent curiosity. Mr. Boswell, whose inquisitiveness is seconded by great activity, scrambled in at a high window. Johnson. Curiosity in children nature has provided, to remove that ignorance they were born with; which, without this busy inquisitiveness, will make them dull. Locke.

INQUISITOR In*quis"i*tor, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. inquisiteur. See Inquire.]

1. An inquisitive person; one fond of asking questions. [R.] "Inquisitors are tatlers." Feltham.

2. (Law)

Defn: One whose official duty it is to examine and inquire, as coroners, sheriffs, etc. Mozley & W.

3. (R.C.Ch.)

Defn: A member of the Court of Inquisition.

INQUISITORIAL In*quis`i*to"ri*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. inquisitorial.]

1. Pertaining to inquisition; making rigorous and unfriendly inquiry; searching; as, inquisitorial power. "Illiberal and inquisitorial abuse." F. Blackburne. He conferred on it a kind of inquisitorial and censorious power even over the laity, and directed it to inquire into all matters of conscience. Hume.

2. Pertaining to the Court of Inquisition or resembling its practices. "Inquisitorial robes." C. Buchanan.

INQUISITORIALLY In*quis`i*to"ri*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an inquisitorial manner.

INQUISITORIOUS In*quis`i*to"ri*ous, a.

Defn: Making strict inquiry; inquisitorial. [Obs.] Milton.

INQUISITURIENT In*quis`i*tu"ri*ent, a.

Defn: Inquisitorial. [Obs.] "Our inquisiturient bishops." Milton.

INRACINATE In*rac"i*nate, v. t. Etym: [Pref. in- in + F. racine root: cf. F. enraciner.]

Defn: To enroot or implant.

INRAIL In*rail", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inrailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Inrailing.]

Defn: To rail in; to inclose or surround, as with rails. Hooker.

INREGISTER In*reg"is*ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inreristered; p. pr. & vb. n. Inregistering.] Etym: [Pref. in- in + register: cf. F. enregistrer. Cf. Enregister.]

Defn: To register; to enter, as in a register. [R.] Walsh.

IN REM In rem. [L.] (Law) Lit., in or against a (or the) thing; -- used: (a) Of any right (called right, or jus, in rem) of such a nature as to be available over its subject without reference to one person more than another, or, as generally expressed, a right competent, or available, against all persons. Rights in rem include not alone rights over physical property, but all rights available against all persons indifferently, as those of life, liberty, and reputation. (b) Of actions for recovering or reducing to possession or enjoyment a specific object, as in the enforcement of maritime liens against a vessel, which is made the defendant by a sort of personification. Most actions for the specific recovery of property in English and American law are in the nature of actions in personam against a person alleged to be unlawfully withholding the property.