Chapter C: G. T (5)

Defn: Washington -- a nickname. See Chinook, n.

CHINQUAPIN Chin"qua*pin, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A branching, nut-bearing tree or shrub (Castanea pumila) of North America, from six to twenty feet high, allied to the chestnut. Also, its small, sweet, edible nat. [Written also chincapin and chinkapin.] Chinquapin oak, a small shrubby oak (Quercus prinoides) of the Atlantic States, with edible acorns. -- Western Chinquapin, an evergreen shrub or tree (Castanopes chrysophylla) of the Pacific coast. In California it is a shrub; in Oregon a tree 30 to 125 feet high.

CHINSE Chinse, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Chinsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Chinsing.] (Naut.)

Defn: To thrust oakum into (seams or chinks) with a chisel , the point of a knife, or a chinsing iron; to calk slightly. Chinsing iron, a light calking iron.

CHINTZ Chintz, n.; pl. Chintzes. Etym: [Hindi chint spotted cotton clooth, chinta spot.]

Defn: Cotton cloth, printed with flowers and other devices, in a number of different colors, and often glazed. Swift.

CHIOPPINE Chiop*pine", n.

Defn: Same as Chopine, n.

CHIP Chip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chipped; p. pr. & vb. n. Chipping.] Etym: [Cf. G. kippen to cut off the edge, to clip, pare. Cf. Chop to cut.]

1. To cut small pieces from; to diminsh or reduce to shape, by cutting away a little at a time; to hew. Shak.

2. To break or crack, or crack off a portion of, as of an eggshell in hatching, or a piece of crockery.

3. To bet, as with chips in the game of poker. To chip in, to contribute, as to a fund; to share in the risks or expenses of. [Slang. U. S.]

CHIP Chip, v. i.

Defn: To break or fly off in small pieces.

CHIP Chip, n.

1. A piece of wood, stone, or other substance, separated by an ax, chisel, or cutting instrument.

2. A fragment or piece broken off; a small piece.

3. Wood or Cuban palm leaf split into slips, or straw plaited in a special manner, for making hats or bonnets.

4. Anything dried up, withered, or without flavor; -- used contemptuously.

5. One of the counters used in poker and other games.

6. (Naut.)

Defn: The triangular piece of wood attached to the log line. Buffalo chips. See under Buffalo. -- Chip ax, a small ax for chipping timber into shape. -- Chip bonnet, Chip hat, a bonnet or a hat made of Chip. See Chip, n., 3. -- A chip off the old block, a child who resembles either of his parents. [Colloq.] Milton.- Potato chips, Saratoga chips, thin slices of raw potato fried crisp.

CHIPMUNK Chip"munk`, n. Etym: [Indian name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A squirrel-like animal of the genus Tamias, sometimes called the striped squirrel, chipping squirrel, ground squirrel, hackee. The common species of the United States is the Tamias striatus. [Written also chipmonk, chipmuck, and chipmuk.]

CHIPPENDALE Chip"pen*dale, a.

Defn: Designating furniture designed, or like that designed, by Thomas Chippendale, an English cabinetmaker of the 18th century. Chippendale furniture was generally of simple but graceful outline with delicately carved rococo ornamentation, sculptured either in the solid wood or, in the cheaper specimens, separately and glued on. In the more elaborate pieces three types are recognized: French Chippendale, having much detail, like Louis Quatorze and Louis Quinze; Chinese Chippendale, marked by latticework and pagodalike pediments; and Gothic Chippendale, attempting to adapt medieval details. The forms, as of the cabriole and chairbacks, often resemble Queen Anne. In chairs, the seat is widened at the front, and the back toward the top widened and bent backward, except in Chinese Chippendale, in which the backs are usually rectangular. -- Chip"pen*dal*ism (#), n.

It must be clearly and unmistakably understood, then, that, whenever painted (that is to say, decorated with painted enrichment) or inlaid furniture is described as Chippendale, no matter where or by whom, it is a million chances to one that the description is incorrect. R. D. Benn.

CHIPPER Chip"per, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Cheep, Chirp.]

Defn: To chirp or chirrup. [ Prov. Eng.] Forby.

CHIPPER Chip"per, a.

Defn: Lively; cheerful; talkative. [U. S.]

CHIPPEWAYS Chip"pe*ways, n. pl.; sing. Chippeway. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting the northern and weastern shores of Lake Superior; -- called also Objibways.

CHIPPING Chip"ping, n.

1. A chip; a piece separated by a cutting or graving instrument; a fragment.

2. The act or process of cutting or breaking off small pieces, as in dressing iron with a chisel, or reducing a timber or block of stone to shape.

3. The breaking off in small pieces of the edges of potter's ware, porcelain, etc.

CHIPPING BIRD Chip"ping bird`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The chippy.

CHIPPING SQUIRREL Chip"ping squir"rel.

Defn: See Chipmunk.

CHIPPY Chip"py, a.

Defn: Abounding in, or resembling, chips; dry and tasteless.

CHIPPY Chip"py, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small American sparrow (Spizella socialis), very common near dwelling; -- also called chipping bird and chipping sparrow, from its simple note.

CHIPS Chips, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A ship's carpenter. [Cant.]

CHIRAGRA Chi*ra"gra, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Gout in the hand.

CHIRAGRICAL Chi*rag"ric*al, a.

Defn: Having the gout in the hand, or subject to that disease. Sir. T. Browne.

CHIRETTA Chi*ret"ta, n. Etym: [Hind. chira\'c6ta.]

Defn: A plant (Agathotes Chirayta) found in Northern India, having medicinal properties to the gentian, and esteemed as a tonic and febrifuge.

CHIRK Chirk, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Chirp, also Creak.]

1. To shriek; to gnash; to utter harsh or shrill cries. [Obs.] All full of chirkyng was that sorry place. Cheucer.

2. To chirp like a bird. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHIRK Chirk, v. t.

Defn: To cheer; to enliven; as, to chirk one up. [Colloq. New Eng. ]

CHIRK Chirk, a. Etym: [From Chirk, v. i.]

Defn: Lively; cheerful; in good spirits. [Colloq. New Eng.]

CHIRM Chirm, v. i. Etym: [Cf. AS. cyrman, cirman, to cry out. *24 Cf. Chirp.]

Defn: To chirp or to make a mournful cry, as a bird. [Obs.] Huloet.

CHIROGNOMY Chi*rog"no*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The art of judging character by the shape and apperance of the hand.

CHIROGRAPH Chi"ro*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. (Old. Law) (a) A writing which, reguiring a counterpart, was engrossed twice on the same piece of parchment, with a space between, in which was written the word chirographum, through which the parchment was cut, and one part given to each party. It answered to what is now called a charter party. (b) The last part of a fine of land, commonly called the foot of the fine. Bouvier.

CHIROGRAPHER Chi*rog"ra*pher, n.

1. One who practice the art or business of writing or engrossing.

2. See chirographist, 2. Chirographer of fines (Old Eng. Law), an officer in the court of common pleas, who engrossed fines.

CHIROGRAPHIC; CHIROGRAPHICAL Chi`ro*graph"ic, Chi`ro*graph"ic*al a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to chirography.

CHIROGRAPHIST Chi*rog"ra*phist, n.

1. A chirographer; a writer or engrosser.

2. One who tells fortunes by examining the hand.

CHIROGRAPHY Chi*rog"ra*phy, n.

1. The art of writing or engrossing; handwriting; as, skilled in chirography.

2. The art of telling fortunes by examining the hand.

CHIROGYMNAST Chi`ro*gym"nast, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A mechanocal contrivance for exercesing the fingers of a pianist.

CHIROLOGICAL Chi`ro*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Relating to chirology.

CHIROLOGIST Chi*rol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who communicates thoughts by signs made with the hands and fingers.

CHIROLOGY Chi*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The art or practice of using the manual alphabet or of communicating thoughts by sings made by the hands and fingers; a substitute for spoken or written language in intercourse with the deaf and dumb. See Dactylalogy.

CHIROMANCER Chi"ro*man`cer, n.

Defn: One who practices chiromancy. Dryden.

CHIROMANCY Chi"ro*mancy, n. Etym: [Gr. -mancy.]

Defn: The art or practice of foretelling events, or of telling the fortunes or the disposition of persons by inspecting the hand; palmistry.

CHIROMANIST; CHIROMANTIST Chi"ro*man`ist, Chi"ro*man`tist n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A chiromancer.

CHIROMANTIC; CHIROMANTICAL Chi`ro*man"tic, Chi`ro*man"tic*al a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to chiromancy.

CHIROMONIC Chi`ro*mon"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to chironomy.

CHIRONOMY Chi*ron"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The art of moving the hands in oratory or in pantomime; gesture [Obs.]

CHIROPLAST Chi"ro*plast, n. Etym: [Gr. (Mus.)

Defn: An instrument to guid the hands and fingers of pupils in playing on the piano, etc.

CHIROPODIST Chi*rop"o*dist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who treats diseases of the hands and feet; especially, one who removes corns and bunions.

CHIROPODY Chirop"ody, n.

Defn: The art of treating diseases of the hands and feet.

CHIROSOPHIST Chiros"ophist, n. Etym: [Gr. Sophist.]

Defn: A fortune teller.

CHIRP Chirp, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chirped; p. pr. & vb. n. Chirping.] Etym: [Of imitative orgin. Cf. Chirk, Chipper, Cheep, Chirm, Chirrup.]

Defn: To make a shop, sharp, cheerful, as of small birds or crickets.

CHIRP Chirp, n.

Defn: A short, sharp note, as of a bird or insect. "The chirp of flitting bird." Bryant.

CHIRPER Chirp"er, n.

Defn: One who chirps, or is cheerful.

CHIRPING Chirp"ing, a.

Defn: Cheering; enlivening. He takes his chirping pint, he cracks his jokes. Pope.

CHIRPINGLY Chirp"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a chirping manner.

CHIRRE Chirre, v. i. Etym: [Cf. G. girren, AS. corian to murmur, complain. *24.]

Defn: To coo, as a pigeon. [Obs.]

CHIRRUP Chir"rup, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chirruped; p. pr. & vb. n. Chirruping.] Etym: [See Chirp.]

Defn: To quicken or animate by chirping; to cherup.

CHIRRUP Chir"rup, v. i.

Defn: To chirp. Tennyson. The criket chirrups on the hearth. Goldsmith.

CHIRRUP Chir"rup, n.

Defn: The act of chirping; a chirp. The sparrows' chirrup on the roof. Tennyson.

CHIRRUPY Chir"rupy, a.

Defn: Cheerful; joyous; chatty.

CHIRURGEON Chi*rur"geon, n. Etym: [F. chirurgien, from chirurgie surgery, fr. Gr. Surgeon, Work.]

Defn: A surgeon. [Obs.]

CHIRURGEONLY Chi*rur"geon*ly, adv.

Defn: Surgically. [Obs.] Shak.

CHIRURGERY Chi*rur"ger*y, n. Etym: [See Chirurgeon, and cf. Surgery.]

Defn: Surgery. [Obs.]

CHIRURGIC; CHIRURGICAL Chi*rur"gic, Chirur"gical, a. Etym: [Cf. F. chirurgiquerurgical, L. Chirurgicus, Gr. Chirurgeon, and cf. Surgical.]

Defn: Surgical [Obs.] "Chirurgical lore" Longfellow.

CHISEL Chis"el, n. Etym: [OF. chisel, F. ciseau, fr. LL. cisellus, prob. for caesellus, fr. L. caesus, p. p. of caedere to cut. Cf. Scissors.]

Defn: A tool with a cutting edge on one end of a metal blade, used in dressing, shaping, or working in timber, stone, metal, etc.; -- usually driven by a mallet or hammer. Cold chisel. See under Cold, a.

CHISEL Chis"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chiseled, or Chiselled (p. pr. & vb. n. Chiseling, or Chiselling.] Etym: [Cf. F. ciseler.]

1. To cut, pare, gouge, or engrave with a chisel; as, to chisel a block of marble into a statue.

2. To cut close, as in a bargain; to cheat. [Slang]

CHISLEU Chis"leu, n. Etym: [Heb.]

Defn: The ninth month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, answering to a part of November with a part of December.

CHISLEY Chis"ley, a. Etym: [AS. ceosel gravel or sand. Cf. Chessom.]

Defn: Having a large admixture of small pebbles or gravel; -- said of a soil. Gardner.

CHIT Chit, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. ci shoot, sprig, from the same root as cinan to yawn. See Chink a cleft.]

1. The embryo or the growing bud of a plant; a shoot; a sprout; as, the chits of Indian corn or of potatoes.

2. A child or babe; as, a forward chit; also, a young, small, or insignificant person or animal. A little chit of a woman. Thackeray.

3. An excrescence on the body, as a wart. [Obs.]

4. A small tool used in cleaving laths. Knight.

CHIT Chit, v. i.

Defn: To shoot out; to sprout. I have known barley chit in seven hours after it had been thrown forth. Mortimer.

CHIT Chit, 3d sing. of Chide.

Defn: Chideth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHITCHAT Chit"chat, n. Etym: [From Chat, by way of reduplication.]

Defn: Familiar or trifling talk; prattle.

CHITIN Chi"tin, n. Etym: [See Chiton.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white amorphous horny substance forming the harder part of the outer integument of insects, crustacea, and various other invertebrates; entomolin.

CHITINIZATION Chi`ti*ni*za"tion, n.

Defn: The process of becoming chitinous.

CHITINOUS Chi"ti*nous, a.

Defn: Having the nature of chitin; consisting of, or containing, chitin.

CHITON Chi"ton, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. An under garment among the ancient Greeks, nearly representing the modern shirt.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a group of gastropod mollusks, with a shell composed of eight movable dorsal plates. See Polyplacophora.

CHITTER Chit"ter, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Chatter.]

1. To chirp in a tremulous manner, as a bird. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. To shiver or chatter with cold. [Scot.] Burns.

CHITTERLING Chit"ter*ling, n.

Defn: The frill to the breast of a shirt, which when ironed out resembled the small entrails. See Chitterlings. [Obs.] Gascoigne.

CHITTERLINGS Chit"ter*lings, n. pl. Etym: [Cf. AS. cwiÞ womb, Icel. kvith, Goth. qiÞus, belly, womb, stomach, G. kutteln chitterlings.] (Cookery)

Defn: The smaller intestines of swine, etc., fried for food.

CHITTRA Chit"tra, n. Etym: [Native Indian name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The axis deer of India.

CHITTY Chit"ty, a.

1. Full of chits or sprouts.

2. Childish; like a babe. [Obs.]

CHIVACHIE Chiv"a*chie`, n. Etym: [OF. chevauchie, chevauchée; of the same origin as E. cavalcade.]

Defn: A cavalry raid; hence, a military expedition. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHIVALRIC Chiv"al*ric, a. Etym: [See Chivalry.]

Defn: Relating to chivalry; knightly; chivalrous.

CHIVALROUS Chiv"al*rous, a. Etym: [OF. chevalerus, chevalereus, fr. chevalier. See Chivalry.]

Defn: Pertaining to chivalry or knight-errantry; warlike; heroic; gallant; high-spirited; high-minded; magnanimous. In brave pursuit of chivalrous emprise. Spenser.

CHIVALROUSLY Chiv"al*rous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a chivalrous manner; gallantly; magnanimously.

CHIVALRY Chiv"al*ry, n. Etym: [F. chevalerie, fr. chevalier knight, OF., horseman. See Chevalier, and cf. Cavalry.]

1. A body or order of cavaliers or knights serving on horseback; illustrious warriors, collectively; cavalry. "His Memphian chivalry." Milton. By his light Did all the chivalry of England move, To do brave acts. Shak.

2. The dignity or system of knighthood; the spirit, usages, or manners of knighthood; the practice of knight-errantry. Dryden.

3. The qualifications or character of knights, as valor, dexterity in arms, courtesy, etc. The glory of our Troy this day doth lie On his fair worth and single chivalry. Shak.

4. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A tenure of lands by knight's service; that is, by the condition of a knight's performing service on horseback, or of performing some noble or military service to his lord.

5. Exploit. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney. Court of chivalry, a court formerly held before the lord high constable and earl marshal of England as judges, having cognizance of contracts and other matters relating to deeds of arms and war. Blackstone.

CHIVARRAS; CHIVARROS Chi*var"ras, Chi*var"ros, n. pl. [Mex. Sp.]

Defn: Leggings. [Mex. & Southwestern U. S.]

CHIVE Chive, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A filament of a stamen. [Obs.]

CHIVE Chive, n. Etym: [F. cive, fr. L. cepa, caepa, onion. Cf. Cives, Cibol.] (Bot.)

Defn: A perennial plant (Allium Schoenoprasum), allied to the onion. The young leaves are used in omelets, etc. [Written also cive.]

CHIVY Chiv"y, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chivied; p. pr. & vb. n. Chivying.] Etym: [Cf. Chevy.]

Defn: To goad, drive, hunt, throw, or pitch. [Slang, Eng.] Dickens.

CHLAMYDATE Chlam"y*date, a. Etym: [L. chlamydatus dressed in a military cloak. See Chlamys.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a mantle; -- applied to certain gastropods.

CHLAMYPHORE Chlam"y*phore, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small South American edentate (Chlamyphorus truncatus, and C. retusus) allied to the armadillo. It is covered with a leathery shell or coat of mail, like a cloak, attached along the spine.

CHLAMYS Chla"mys, n.; pl. E. Chlamyses, L. Chlamydes. Etym: [L., from Gr.

Defn: A loose and flowing outer garment, worn by the ancient Greeks; a kind of cloak.

CHLOASMA Chlo*as"ma, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A cutaneous affection characterized by yellow or yellowish brown pigmented spots.

CHLORAL Chlo"ral, n. Etym: [Chlorine + alcohol.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless oily liquid, CCl3.CHO, of a pungent odor and harsh taste, obtained by the action of chlorine upon ordinary or ethyl alcohol.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Chloral hydrate. Chloral hydrate, a white crystalline substance, obtained by treating chloral with water. It produces sleep when taken internally or hypodermically; -- called also chloral.

CHLORALAMIDE Chlo"ral*am`ide, n. Etym: [Chloral + amide.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound of chloral and formic amide used to produce sleep.

CHLORALISM Chlo"ral*ism, n. (Med.)

Defn: A morbid condition of the system resulting from excessive use of chloral.

CHLORALUM Chlor`al"um, n. Etym: [Chlorine + aluminium.]

Defn: An impure aqueous solution of chloride of aluminium, used as an antiseptic and disinfectant.

CHLORANIL Chlor`an"il, n. Etym: [Chlorine + aniline.] (Chem.)

Defn: A yellow crystalline substance, C6Cl4.O2, regarded as a derivative of quinone, obtained by the action of chlorine on certain benzene derivatives, as aniline.

CHLORATE Chlo"rate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chlorate. See Chlorine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of chloric acid; as, chlorate of potassium.

CHLORAURATE Chlor`au"rate, n. Etym: [Chlorine + aurate.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Aurochloride.

CHLORHYDRIC Chlor`hy"dric, a. Etym: [Chlorine + hydrogen + -ic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Hydrochloric.

CHLORHYDRIN Chlor`hy"drin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: One of a class of compounds formed from certain polybasic alcohols (and especially glycerin) by the substitution of chlorine for one or more hydroxyl groups.

CHLORIC Chlo"ric, a. Etym: [From Chlorine.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, chlorine; -- said of those compounds of chlorine in which this element has a valence of five, or the next to its highest; as, chloric acid, HClO3. Chloric ether (Chem.), ethylene dichloride. See Dutch liquid, under Dutch.

CHLORIDATE Chlo"ri*date, v.t.

Defn: To treat or prepare with a chloride, as a plate with chloride of silver, for the purposes of photography. R. Hunt.

CHLORIDE Chlo"ride, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A binary compound of chlorine with another element or radical; as, chloride of sodium (common salt). Chloride of ammonium, sal ammoniac. -- Chloride of lime, bleaching powder; a grayish white substance, CaOClcalcium hypochlorite. See Hypochlorous acid, under Hypochlorous. -- Mercuric chloride, corrosive sublimate.

CHLORIDIC Chlo*rid"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a chloride; containing a chloride.

CHLORIDIZE Chlo"rid*ize, v. t.

Defn: See Chloridate.

CHLORIMETRY Chlo*rim"e*try, n.

Defn: See Chlorometry.

CHLORINATE Chlo"rin*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chlorinated; p. pr. & vb. n. Chlorinating.] (Chem.)

Defn: To treat, or cause to combine, with chlorine.

CHLORINATION Chlo`ri*na"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of subjecting anything to the action of chlorine; especially, a process for the extraction of gold by exposure of the auriferous material to chlorine gas.

CHLORINE Chlo"rine, n. Etym: [Gr. Yellow.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of the elementary substances, commonly isolated as a greenish yellow gas, two and one half times as heavy as air, of an intensely disagreeable suffocating odor, and exceedingly poisonous. It is abundant in nature, the most important compound being common salt. It is powerful oxidizing, bleaching, and disinfecting agent. Symbol Cl. Atomic weight, 35.4. Chlorine family, the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, called the halogens, and classed together from their common peculiariries.

CHLORIODIC Chlor`i*od"ic, a.

Defn: Compounded of chlorine and iodine; containing chlorine and iodine.

CHLORIODINE Chlor`i"o*dine, n.

Defn: A compound of chlorine and iodine. [R.]

CHLORITE Chlo"rite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: The name of a group of minerals, usually of a green color and micaceous to granular in structure. They are hydrous silicates of alumina, iron, and magnesia. Chlorite slate, a schistose or slaty rock consisting of alumina, iron, and magnesia.

CHLORITE Chlo"rite, n. Etym: [Chlorous + -ite.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any salt of chlorous acid; as, chlorite of sodium.

CHLORITIC Chlo*rit"ic, a. Etym: [From 1st Chlorite.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, chlorite; as, chloritic sand.

CHLORMETHANE Chlor`meth"ane, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless gas, CH3Cl, of a sweet odor, easily condensed to a liquid; -- called also methyl chloride.

CHLORO- Chlo"ro-. (Chem.)

Defn: A prefix denoting that chlorine is an ingredient in the substance named.

CHLOROCRUORIN Chlo`ro*cru"o*rin, n. Etym: [Gr. cruorin.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A green substance, supposed to be the cause of the green color of the blood in some species of worms. Ray Lankester.

CHLORODYNE Chlo"ro*dyne, n. Etym: [From chlorine, in imitation of anodyne.] (Med.)

Defn: A patent anodyne medicine, containing opium, chloroform, Indian hemp, etc.

CHLOROFORM Chlo"ro*form, n. Etym: [Chlorine + formyl, it having been regarded as a trichloride of this radical: cf. F. chloroforme, G. chloroform.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless volatile liquid, CHCl3, having an ethereal odor and a sweetish taste, formed by treating alcohol with chlorine and an alkali. It is a powerful solvent of wax, resin, etc., and is extensively used to produce anæsthesia in surgical operations; also externally, to alleviate pain.

CHLOROFORM Chlo"ro*form, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chloroformed; p. pr. & vb. n. Chloroforming.]

Defn: To treat with chloroform, or to place under its influence.

CHLOROLEUCITE Chlo`ro*leu"cite, n. Etym: [Gr. leucite.] (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Chloroplastid.

CHLOROMETER Chlo*rom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chloromètre. See Chlorine, and - meter.]

Defn: An instrument to test the decoloring or bleaching power of chloride of lime.

CHLOROMETRY Chlo*rom"e*try, n.

Defn: The process of testing the bleaching power of any combination of chlorine.

CHLOROPAL Chlo*ro"pal, n. Etym: [Gr. opal.] (Min.)

Defn: A massive mineral, greenish in color, and opal-like in appearance. It is essentially a hydrous silicate of iron.

CHLOROPEPTIC Chlo`ro*pep"tic, a. Etym: [Chlorine + peptic.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to an acid more generally called pepsin- hydrochloric acid.

CHLOROPHANE Chlo"ro*phane, n. Etym: [Gr. chlorophane.]

1. (Min.)

Defn: A variety of fluor spar, which, when heated, gives a beautiful emerald green light.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The yellowish green pigment in the inner segment of the cones of the retina. See Chromophane.

CHLOROPHYLL Chlo"ro*phyll, n. Etym: [Gr. chlorophylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Literally, leaf green; a green granular matter formed in the cells of the leaves (and other parts exposed to light) of plants, to which they owe their green color, and through which all ordinary assimilation of plant food takes place. Similar chlorophyll granules have been found in the tissues of the lower animals. [Written also chlorophyl.]

CHLOROPLAST Chlo"ro*plast, n. [Pref. chloro-+ Gr. to mold, form.] (Biol.)

Defn: A plastid containing chlorophyll, developed only in cells exposed to the light. Chloroplasts are minute flattened granules, usually occurring in great numbers in the cytoplasm near the cell wall, and consist of a colorless ground substance saturated with chlorophyll pigments. Under light of varying intensity they exhibit phototactic movements. In animals chloroplasts occur only in certain low forms.

CHLOROPLASTID Chlo`ro*plas"tid, n. Etym: [Gr. plastid.] (Bot.)

Defn: A granule of chlorophyll; -- also called chloroleucite.

CHLOROPLATINIC Chlo`ro*pla*tin"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: See Platinichloric.

CHLOROSIS Chlo*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. chlorose.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: The green sickness; an anæmic disease of young women, characterized by a greenish or grayish yellow hue of the skin, weakness, palpitation, etc.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A disease in plants, causing the flowers to turn green or the leaves to lose their normal green color.

CHLOROTIC Chlo*rot"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. chlorotique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or affected by, chlorosis.

CHLOROUS Chlo"rous, a. Etym: [See Chlorine.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or derived from, chlorine; -- said of those compounds of chlorine in which this element has a valence of three, the next lower than in chloric compounds; as, chlorous acid, HClO2.

2. (Chem. Physics)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the electro-negative character of chlorine; hence, electro-negative; -- opposed to basylous or zincous. [Obs.]

CHLORPICRIN Chlor`pi"crin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A heavy, colorless liquid, CCl3.NO2, of a strong pungent odor, obtained by subjecting picric acid to the action of chlorine. [Written also chloropikrin.]

CHLORURET Chlo"ru*ret, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chlorure.] (Chem.)

Defn: A chloride. [Obs.]

CHOAK Choak, v. t. & i.

Defn: See Choke.

CHOANOID Cho"a*noid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Funnel-shaped; -- applied particularly to a hollow muscle attached to the ball of the eye in many reptiles and mammals.

CHOCARD Cho"card, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The chough.

CHOCK Chock, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chocked; p. pr. & vb. n. Chocking.]

Defn: To stop or fasten, as with a wedge, or block; to scotch; as, to chock a wheel or cask.

CHOCK Chock, v. i.

Defn: To fill up, as a cavity. "The woodwork . . . exactly chocketh into joints." Fuller.

CHOCK Chock, n.

1. A wedge, or block made to fit in any space which it is desired to fill, esp. something to steady a cask or other body, or prevent it from moving, by fitting into the space around or beneath it.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A heavy casting of metal, usually fixed near the gunwale. It has two short horn-shaped arms curving inward, between which ropes or hawsers may pass for towing, mooring, etc.

CHOCK Chock, adv. (Naut.)

Defn: Entirely; quite; as, chock home; chock aft.

CHOCK Chock, v. t. Etym: [F. choquer. Cf. Shock, v. t.]

Defn: To encounter. [Obs.]

CHOCK Chock, n.

Defn: An encounter. [Obs.]

CHOCKABLOCK Chock"a*block, a. (Naut.)

Defn: Hoisted as high as the tackle will admit; brought close together, as the two blocks of a tackle in hoisting.

CHOCK-FULL Chock"-full`, a.

Defn: Quite full; choke-full.

CHOCOLATE Choc"o*late, n. Etym: [Sp., fr. the Mexican name of the cacao. Cf. Cacao, Cocoa.]

1. A paste or cake composed of the roasted seeds of the Theobroma Cacao ground and mixed with other ingredients, usually sugar, and cinnamon or vanilla.

2. The beverage made by dissolving a portion of the paste or cake in boiling water or milk. Chocolate house, a house in which customers may be served with chocolate. -- Chocolate nut. See Cacao.

CHOCTAWS Choc"taws, n. pl.

Defn: ; sing. Choctaw. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Indians (Southern Appalachian), in early times noted for their pursuit of agriculture, and for living at peace with the white settlers. They are now one of the civilized tribes of the Indian Territory.

CHODE Chode,

Defn: the old imp. of chide. See Chide.

CHOGSET Chog"set, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Cunner.

CHOICE Choice, n. Etym: [OE. chois, OF. chois, F. choix, fr. choisir to choose; of German origin; cf. Goth. kausjan to examine, kiusan to choose, examine, G. kiesen. *46. Cf. Choose.]

1. Act of choosing; the voluntary act of selecting or separating from two or more things that which is preferred; the determination of the mind in preferring one thing to another; election.

2. The power or opportunity of choosing; option. Choice there is not, unless the thing which we take be so in our power that we might have refused it. Hooker.

3. Care in selecting; judgment or skill in distinguishing what is to be preferred, and in giving a preference; discrimination. I imagine they [the apothegms of Cæsar] were collected with judgment and choice. Bacon.

4. A sufficient number to choose among. Shak.

5. The thing or person chosen; that which is approved and selected in preference to others; selection. The common wealth is sick of their own choice. Shak.

6. The best part; that which is preferable. The flower and choice Of many provinces from bound to bound. Milton. To make a choice of, to choose; to select; to separate and take in preference.

Syn. - See Volition, Option.

CHOICE Choice, a. [Compar. Choicer; superl. Choicest.]

1. Worthly of being chosen or preferred; select; superior; precious; valuable. My choicest hours of life are lost. Swift.

2. Preserving or using with care, as valuable; frugal; -- used with of; as, to be choice of time, or of money.

3. Selected with care, and due attention to preference; deliberately chosen. Choice word measured phrase. Wordsworth.

Syn. - Select; precious; exquisite; uncommon; rare; chary; careful/

CHOICEFUL Choice"ful, a.

Defn: Making choices; fickle. [Obs.] His choiceful sense with every change doth fit. Spenser.

CHOICELY Choice"ly, adv.

1. With care in choosing; with nice regard to preference. "A band of men collected choicely, from each county some." Shak.

2. In a preferable or excellent manner; excellently; eminently. "Choicely good." Walton.

CHOICENESS Choice"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being of particular value or worth; nicely; excellence.

CHOIR Choir, n. Etym: [OE. quer, OF. cuer, F. choeur, fr. L. chorus a choral dance, chorus, choir, fr. Gr. hortus garden, and E. yard. See Chorus.]

1. A band or organized company of singers, especially in church service. [Formerly written also quire.]

2. That part of a church appropriated to the singers.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: The chancel. Choir organ (Mus.), one of the three or five distinct organs included in the full organ, each separable from the rest, but all controlled by one performer; a portion of the full organ, complete in itself, and more practicable for ordinary service and in the accompanying of the vocal choir. -- Choir screen, Choir wall (Arch.), a screen or low wall separating the choir from the aisles. -- Choir service, the service of singing performed by the choir. T. Warton.

CHOKE Choke, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Choked; p. pr. & vb. n. Choking.] Etym: [OE. cheken, choken; cf. AS. aceocian to suffocate, Icel. koka to gulp, E. chincough, cough.]

1. To render unable to breathe by filling, pressing upon, or squeezing the windpipe; to stifle; to suffocate; to strangle. With eager feeding food doth choke the feeder. Shak.

2. To obstruct by filling up or clogging any passage; to block up. Addison.

3. To hinder or check, as growth, expansion, progress, etc.; to stifle. Oats and darnel choke the rising corn. Dryden.

4. To affect with a sense of strangulation by passion or strong feeling. "I was choked at this word." Swift.

5. To make a choke, as in a cartridge, or in the bore of the barrel of a shotgun. To choke off, to stop a person in the execution of a purpose; as, to choke off a speaker by uproar.

CHOKE Choke, v. i.

1. To have the windpipe stopped; to have a spasm of the throat, caused by stoppage or irritation of the windpipe; to be strangled.

2. To be checked, as if by choking; to stick. The words choked in his throat. Sir W. Scott.

CHOKE Choke, n.

1. A stoppage or irritation of the windpipe, producing the feeling of strangulation.

2. (Gun.) (a) The tied end of a cartridge. (b) A constriction in the bore of a shotgun, case of a rocket, etc.

CHOKEBERRY Choke"ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The small apple-shaped or pear-shaped fruit of an American shrub (Pyrus arbutifolia) growing in damp thickets; also, the shrub.

CHOKEBORE Choke"bore`, n.

1. In a shotgun, a bore which is tapered to a slightly smaller diameter at a short distance (usually 2½ to 3 inches) to the rear of the muzzle, in order to prevent the rapid dispersion of the shot.

2. A shotgun that is made with such a bore.

CHOKEBORE Choke"bore`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chokebored; p. pr. & vb. n. Chokeboring.]

Defn: To provide with a chokebore.

CHOKECHERRY Choke"cher`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The astringent fruit of a species of wild cherry (Prunus Virginiana); also, the bush or tree which bears such fruit.

CHOKE DAMP Choke" damp`.

Defn: See Carbonic acid, under Carbonic.

CHOKEDAR Cho`ke*dar", n. Etym: [Hindi chauki-dar.]

Defn: A watchman; an officer of customs or police. [India]

CHOKE-FULL Choke"-full`, a.

Defn: Full to the brim; quite full; chock-full.

CHOKE PEAR Choke" pear`.

1. A kind of pear that has a rough, astringent taste, and is swallowed with difficulty, or which contracts the mucous membrane of the mouth.

2. A sarcasm by which one is put to silence; anything that can not be answered. [Low] S. Richardson.

CHOKER Chok"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, chokes.

2. A stiff wide cravat; a stock. [Slang]

CHOKE-STRAP Choke"-strap`, n. (Saddlery)

Defn: A strap leading from the bellyband to the lower part of the collar, to keep the collar in place.

CHOKING Chok"ing, a.

1. That chokes; producing the feeling of strangulation.

2. Indistinct in utterance, as the voice of a person affected with strong emotion.

CHOKING COIL Choking coil. (Elec.)

Defn: A coil of small resistance and large inductance, used in an alternating-current circuit to impede or throttle the current, or to change its phase; --called also reactance coil or reactor, these terms being now preferred in engineering usage.

CHOKY; CHOKEY Chok"y Chok"ey, a.

1. Tending to choke or suffocate, or having power to suffocate.

2. Inclined to choke, as a person affected with strong emotion. "A deep and choky voice." Aytoun. The allusion to his mother made Tom feel rather chokey. T. Hughes.

CHOLAEMAA Cho*læ"ma*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A disease characterized by severe nervous symptoms, dependent upon the presence of the constituents of the bile in the blood.

CHOLAGOGUE Chol"a*gogue, a. Etym: [Gr. cholagogue.] (Med.)

Defn: Promoting the discharge of bile from the system. -- n.

Defn: An agent which promotes the discharge of bile from the system.

CHOLATE Cho"late, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of cholic acid; as, sodium cholate.

CHOLECYSTIS Chol`e*cys"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The gall bladder.

CHOLECYSTOTOMY Chol`e*cys*tot"o*my, n. Etym: [Cholecystis + Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of making an opening in the gall bladder, as for the removal of a gallstone.

CHOLEDOLOGY Chol`e*dol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy. Cf. F. cholédologie.] (Med.)

Defn: A treatise on the bile and bilary organs. Dunglison.

Note: Littré says that the word cholédologie is absolutely barbarous, there being no Greek word cholology.

CHOLEIC Cho*le"ic, a. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, bile; as, choleic acid.

CHOLER Chol"er, n. Etym: [OE. coler, F. colère anger, L. cholera a bilious complaint, fr. Gr. Gall, and cf. Cholera.]

1. The bile; -- formerly supposed to be the seat and cause of irascibility. [Obs.] His [Richard Hooker's] complexion . . . was sanguine, with a mixture of choler; and yet his motion was slow. I. Warton.

2. Irritation of the passions; anger; wrath. He is rash and very sudden in choler. Shak.

CHOLERA Chol"er*a, n. Etym: [L., a bilious disease. See Choler.] (Med.)

Defn: One of several diseases affecting the digestive and intestinal tract and more or less dangerous to life, esp. the one commonly called Asiatic cholera. Asiatic cholera, a malignant and rapidly fatal disease, originating in Asia and frequently epidemic in the more filthy sections of other lands, to which the germ or specific poison may have been carried. It is characterized by diarrhea, rice- water evacuations, vomiting, cramps, pinched expression, and lividity, rapidly passing into a state of collapse, followed by death, or by a stage of reaction of fever. -- Cholera bacillus. See Comma bacillus. -- Cholera infantum, a dangerous summer disease, of infants, caused by hot weather, bad air, or poor milk, and especially fatal in large cities. -- Cholera morbus, a disease characterized by vomiting and purging, with gripings and cramps, usually caused by imprudence in diet or by gastrointestinal disturbance. -- Chicken cholera. See under Chicken. -- Hog cholera. See under Hog. -- Sporadic cholera, a disease somewhat resembling the Asiatic cholera, but originating where it occurs, and rarely becoming epidemic.

CHOLERAIC Chol`er*a"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to, or resulting from, or resembling, cholera.

CHOLERIC Chol"er*ic, a. Etym: [L. cholericus, Gr. cholérique.]

1. Abounding with, or producing choler, or bile. Dryden.

2. Easily irritated; irascible; inclined to anger.

3. Angry; indicating anger; excited by anger. "Choleric speech." Sir W. Raleigh. Choleric temperament, the bilious temperament.

CHOLERICLY Chol"er*ic*ly, adv.

Defn: In a choleric manner; angrily.

CHOLERIFORM Chol"er*i*form`, a. Etym: [Cholera + -form.]

Defn: Resembling cholera.

CHOLERINE Chol"er*ine, n. (Med.) (a) The precursory symptoms of cholera. (b) The first stage of epidemic cholera. (c) A mild form of cholera.

CHOLEROID Chol"er*oid, a. Etym: [Cholera + -oid.]

Defn: Choleriform.

CHOLESTERIC Cho`les*ter"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. cholestérique.]

Defn: Pertaining to cholesterin, or obtained from it; as, cholesteric acid. Ure.

CHOLESTERIN Cho*les"ter*in, n. Etym: [Gr. cholestérine. See Stearin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white, fatty, crystalline substance, tasteless and odorless, found in animal and plant products and tissue, and especially in nerve tissue, in the bile, and in gallstones.

CHOLIAMB; CHOLIAMBIC Cho"li*amb, Cho`li*am"bic, n. Etym: [L. choliambus, Gr. (Pros.)

Defn: A verse having an iambus in the fifth place, and a spondee in the sixth or last.

CHOLIC; CHOLINIC Chol"ic, Cho*lin"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, the bile. Cholic acid (Chem.), a complex organic acid found as a natural constituent of taurocholic and glycocholic acids in the bile, and extracted as a resinous substance, convertible under the influence of ether into white crystals.

CHOLINE Cho"line, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: See Neurine.

CHOLOCHROME Chol"o*chrome, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: See Bilirubin.

CHOLOPHAEIN Chol`o*phæ"in, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: See Bilirubin.

CHOLTRY Chol"try, n.

Defn: A Hindoo caravansary.

CHOMAGE Cho`mage", n. [F. chomage.]

1.

Defn: Stoppage; cessation (of labor).

2. A standing still or idle (of mills, factories, etc.).

CHOMP Chomp, v. i.

Defn: To chew loudly and greedily; to champ. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.] Halliwell.

CHONDRIFICATION Chon`dri*fi*ca"tion, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: Formation of, or conversion into, cartilage.

CHONDRIFY Chon"dri*fy, v. t. & i. Etym: [Gr. -fy.]

Defn: To convert, or be converted, into cartilage.

CHONDRIGEN Chon"dri*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The chemical basis of cartilage, converted by long boiling in water into a gelatinous body called chondrin.

CHONDRIGENOUS Chon*drig"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. -genous.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Affording chondrin.

CHONDRIN Chon"drin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, amorphous, nitrogenous substance, tasteless and odorless, formed from cartilaginous tissue by long-continued action of boiling water. It is similar to gelatin, and is a large ingredient of commercial gelatin.

CHONDRITE Chon"drite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A meteoric stone characterized by the presence of chondrules.

CHONDRITIC Chon*drit"ic, a. (Min.)

Defn: Granular; pertaining to, or having the granular structure characteristic of, the class of meteorites called chondrites.

CHONDRITIS Chon*dri"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: An inflammation of cartilage.

CHONDRO- Chon"dro-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A combining form meaning a grain, granular, granular cartilage, cartilaginous; as, the chondrocranium, the cartilaginous skull of the lower vertebrates and of embryos.

CHONDRODITE Chon"dro*dite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A fluosilicate of magnesia and iron, yellow to red in color, often occurring in granular form in a crystalline limestone.

CHONDROGANOIDEA Chon`dro*ga*noi"de*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. ganoidei. See Ganoid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of ganoid fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so called on account of their cartilaginous skeleton.

CHONDROGEN Chon"dro*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Same as Chondrigen.

CHONDROGENESIS Chon`dro*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. genesis.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The development of cartilage.

CHONDROID Chon"droid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.]

Defn: Resembling cartilage.

CHONDROLOGY Chon*drol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. chondrologie.] (Anat.)

Defn: The science which treats of cartilages. Dunglison.

CHONDROMA Chon*dro"ma, n.; pl. Chondromata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -oma.]

Defn: A cartilaginous tumor or growth.

CHONDROMETER Chon*drom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.]

Defn: A steelyard for weighting grain.

CHONDROPTERYGIAN Chon*drop`ter*yg"i*an, a. Etym: [Cf. F. chondropterygien.]

Defn: Having a cartilaginous skeleton. -- n.

Defn: One of the Chondropterygii.

CHONDROPTERYGII Chon*drop`te*ryg"i*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of fishes, characterized by cartilaginous fins and skeleton. It includes both ganoids (sturgeons, etc.) and selachians (sharks), but is now often restricted to the latter. [Written also Chondropterygia.]

CHONDROSTEI Chon*dros"te*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so named because the skeleton is cartilaginous.

CHONDROTOMY Chon*drot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The dissection of cartilages.

CHONDRULE Chon"drule, n. Etym: [Dim. from Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A peculiar rounded granule of some mineral, usually enstatite or chrysolite, found imdedded more or less aboundantly in the mass of many meteoric stones, which are hence called chondrites.

CHOOSE Choose, v. t. [imp. Chose; p. p. Chosen, Chose (Obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Choosing.] Etym: [OE. chesen, cheosen, AS. ceósan; akin to OS. kiosan, D. kiezen, G. kiesen, Icel. kjosa, Goth. kiusan, L. gustare to taste, Gr. jush to enjoy. *46. Cf. Choice, 2d Gust.]

1. To make choice of; to select; to take by way of preference from two or more objects offered; to elect; as, to choose the least of two evils. Choose me for a humble friend. Pope.

2. To wish; to desire; to prefer. [Colloq.] The landlady now returned to know if we did not choose a more genteel apartment. Goldsmith. To choose sides. See under Side.

Syn. - To select; prefer; elect; adopt; follow. -- To Choose, Prefer, Elect. To choose is the generic term, and denotes to take or fix upon by an act of the will, especially in accordance with a decision of the judgment. To prefer is to choose or favor one thing as compared with, and more desirable than, another, or more in accordance with one's tastes and feelings. To elect is to choose or select for some office, employment, use, privilege, etc., especially by the concurrent vote or voice of a sufficient number of electors. To choose a profession; to prefer private life to a public one; to elect members of Congress.

CHOOSE Choose, v. i.

1. To make a selection; to decide. They had only to choose between implicit obedience and open rebellion. Prescott.

2. To do otherwise. "Can I choose but smile" Pope. Can not choose but, must necessarily. Thou canst not choose but know who I am. Shak.

CHOOSER Choos"er, n.

Defn: One who chooses; one who has the power or right of choosing; an elector. Burke.

CHOP Chop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chopped; p. pr. & vb. n. Chopping.] Etym: [Cf. LG. & D. kappen, Dan. kappe, Sw. kappa. Cf. Chap to crack.]

1. To cut by striking repeatedly with a sharp instrument; to cut into pieces; to mince; -- often with up.

2. To sever or separate by one more blows of a sharp instrument; to divide; -- usually with off or down. Chop off your hand, and it to the king. Shak.

3. To seize or devour greedily; -- with up. [Obs.] Upon the opening of his mouth he drops his breakfast, which the fox presently chopped up. L'estrange.

CHOP Chop, v. i.

1. To make a quick strike, or repeated strokes, with an ax or other sharp instrument.

2. To do something suddenly with an unexpected motion; to catch or attempt to seize. Out of greediness to get both, he chops at the shadow, and loses the substance. L'Estrange.

3. To interrupt; -- with in or out. This fellow interrupted the sermon, even suddenly chopping in. Latimer.

CHOP Chop, v. t. Etym: [Cf. D. koopen to buy. See Cheapen, v. t., and cf. Chap, v. i., to buy.]

1. To barter or truck.

2. To exchange; substitute one thing for another. We go on chopping and changing our friends. L'Estrange. To chop logic, to dispute with an affected use of logical terms; to argue sophistically.

CHOP Chop, v. i.

1. To purchase by way of truck.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: To vary or shift suddenly; as, the wind chops about.

3. To wrangle; to altercate; to bandy words. Let not the counsel at the bar chop with the judge. Bacon.

CHOP Chop, n.

Defn: A change; a vicissitude. Marryat.

CHOP Chop, v. t. & i.

Defn: To crack. See Chap, v. t. & i.

CHOP Chop, n.

1. The act of chopping; a stroke.

2. A piece chopped off; a slice or small piece, especially of meat; as, a mutton chop.

3. A crack or cleft. See Chap.

CHOP Chop, n. Etym: [See Chap.]

1. A jaw of an animal; -- commonly in the pl. See Chops.

2. A movable jaw or cheek, as of a wooden vise.

3. The land at each side of the mouth of a river, harbor, or channel; as, East Chop or West Chop. See Chops.

CHOP Chop, n. Etym: [Chin. & Hind. chap stamp, brand.]

1. Quality; brand; as, silk of the first chop.

2. A permit or clearance. Chop dollar, a silver dollar stamped to attest its purity. -- chop of tea, a number of boxes of the same make and quality of leaf. -- Chowchow chop. See under Chowchow. -- Grand chop, a ship's port clearance. S. W. Williams.

CHOPBOAT Chop"boat`, n. Etym: [Chin. chop sort, quality.]

Defn: A licensed lighter employed in the transportation of goods to and from vessels. [China] S. W. Williams.

CHOPCHURCH Chop"church`, n. Etym: [See Chop to barter.] (Old Eng. Law)

Defn: An exchanger or an exchange of benefices. [Cant]

CHOPFALLEN Chop`fall`en, a.

Defn: Having the lower chop or jaw depressed; hence, crestfallen; dejected; dispirited;downcast. See Chapfallen.

CHOPHOUSE Chop"house`, n.

Defn: A house where chops, etc., are sold; an eating house. The freedom of a chophouse. W. Irving.

CHOPHOUSE Chop"house`, n. Etym: [See Chop quality.]

Defn: A customhouse where transit duties are levied. [China] S. W. Williams.

CHOPIN Chop"in, n. Etym: [F. chopine, fr. G. schoppen.]

Defn: A liquid measure formerly used in France and Great Britain, varying from half a pint to a wine quart.

CHOPIN Chop"in, n.

Defn: See Chopine.

CHOPINE Cho*pine", n. Etym: [Cf. OF. chapin, escapin, Sp. chapin, Pg. chapim.]

Defn: A clog, or patten, having a very thick sole, or in some cases raised upon a stilt to a height of a foot or more. [Variously spelt chioppine, chopin, etc.] Your ladyship is nearer to heaven than when I saw you last, by the altitude of a chopine. Shak.

CHOP-LOGIC Chop"-log`ic, n.

Defn: One who bandies words or is very argunentative. [Jocular] Shak.

CHOPNESS Chop"ness, n.

Defn: A kind of spade. [Eng.]

CHOPPER Chop"per, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, chops.

CHOPPING Chop"ping, a. Etym: [Cf. Chubby.]

Defn: Stout or plump; large. [Obs.] Fenton.

CHOPPING Chop"ping, a. Etym: [See Chop to barter.]

Defn: Shifting or changing suddenly, as the wind; also, having tumbling waves dashing against each other; as, a chopping sea.

CHOPPING Chop"ping, n.

Defn: Act of cutting by strokes. Chopping block, a solid block of wood on which butchers and others chop meat, etc. -- Chopping knife, a knife for chopping or mincing meat, vegetables, etc.; -- usually with a handle at the back of the blade instead of at the end.

CHOPPY Chop"py, a. Etym: [Cf. Chappy.]

1. Full of cracks. "Choppy finger." Shak.

2. Etym: [Cf. Chop a change.]

Defn: Rough, with short, tumultuous waves; as, a choppy sea.

CHOPS Chops, n. pl. Etym: [See Chop a jaw.]

1. The jaws; also, the fleshy parts about the mouth.

2. The sides or capes at the mouth of a river, channel, harbor, or bay; as, the chops of the English Channel.

CHOPSTICK Chop"stick", n.

Defn: One of two small sticks of wood, ivory, etc., used by the Chinese and Japanese to convey food to the mouth.

CHOP SUEY; CHOP SOOY Chop su"ey or Chop soo"y . [Chin. (Cantonese) shap sui odds and ends, fr. shap for sap to enter the mouth + sui small bits pounded fine.]

Defn: A mélange served in Chinese restaurants to be eaten with rice, noodles, etc. It consists typically of bean sprouts, onions, mushrooms, etc., and sliced meats, fried and flavored with sesame oil. [U. S.]

CHORAGIC Cho*rag"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a choragus. Choragic monument, a building or column built by a victorious choragus for the reception and exhibition of the tripod which he received as a prize. Those of Lysicrates and Thrasyllus are still to be seen at Athens.

CHORAGUS Cho*ra"gus, n.; pl. Choragi. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A chorus leader; esp. one who provided at his own expense and under his own supervision one of the choruses for the musical contents at Athens.

CHORAL Cho"ral, a. Etym: [LL. choralis, fr. L. chorus. See Chorus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a choir or chorus; singing, sung, or adapted to be sung, in chorus or harmony. Choral service, a service of song.

CHORAL Cho"ral, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A hymn tune; a simple sacred tune, sung in unison by the congregation; as, the Lutheran chorals. [Sometimes written chorale.]

CHORALIST Cho"ral*ist, n.

Defn: A singer or composer of chorals.

CHORALLY Cho"ral*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a chorus; adapted to be sung by a choir; in harmony.

CHORD Chord, n. Etym: [L chorda a gut, a string made of a gut, Gr. cord. See Cord.]

1. The string of a musical instrument. Milton.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: A combination of tones simultaneously performed, producing more or less perfect harmony, as, the common chord.

3. (Geom.)

Defn: A right line uniting the extremities of the arc of a circle or curve.

4. (Anat.)

Defn: A cord. See Cord, n., 4.

5. (Engin.)

Defn: The upper or lower part of a truss, usually horizontal, resisting compression or tension. Waddell. Accidental, Common, and Vocal chords. See under Accidental, Common, and Vocal. -- Chord of an arch. See Illust. of Arch. -- Chord of curvature, a chord drawn from any point of a curve, in the circle of curvature for that point. -- Scale of chords. See Scale.

CHORD Chord, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chorded; p. pr. & vb. n. Chording.]

Defn: To provide with musical chords or strings; to string; to tune. When Jubal struck the chorded shell. Dryden. Even the solitary old pine tree chords his harp. Beecher.

CHORD Chord, v. i. (Mus.)

Defn: To accord; to harmonize together; as, this note chords with that.

CHORDA Chor"da, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. chorda. See Chord.] (Anat.)

Defn: A cord. Chorda dorsalis (. Etym: [NL., lit., cord of the back.] (Anat.) See Notochord.

CHORDAL Chor"dal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a chord.

CHORDATA Chor*da"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. chorda cord.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A comprehensive division of animals including all Vertebrata together with the Tunicata, or all those having a dorsal nervous cord.

CHORDEE Chor*dee", n. Etym: [F. cordé, cordée, p. p. of corder to cord.] (Med.)

Defn: A painful erection of the penis, usually with downward curvature, occurring in gonorrhea.

CHORE Chore, n. Etym: [The same word as char work done by the day.]

Defn: A small job; in the pl., the regular or daily light work of a household or farm, either within or without doors. [U. S.]

CHORE Chore, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chored; p. pr. & vb. n. Choring.]

Defn: To do chores. [U. S.]

CHORE Chore, n.

Defn: A choir or chorus. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

CHOREA Cho*re"a. n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: St. Vitus's dance; a disease attended with convulsive twitchings and other involuntary movements of the muscles or limbs.

CHOREE Cho*ree", n. Etym: [F. chorée.]

Defn: See Choreus.

CHOREGRAPHIC; CHOREGRAPHICAL Cho`re*graph"ic, Cho`re*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to choregraphy.

CHOREGRAPHY Cho*reg"ra*phy, n. Etym: [GR. -graphy.]

Defn: The art of representing dancing by signs, as music is represented by notes. Craig.

CHOREIC Cho*re"ic, a.

Defn: Of the nature of, or pertaining to, chorea; convulsive.

CHOREPISCOPAL Cho`re*pis"co*pal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a chorepiscopus or his change or authority.

CHOREPISCOPUS Cho`re*pis"co*pus, n.; pl. Chorepiscopi. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Bishop.] (Eccl.)

Defn: A "country" or suffragan bishop, appointed in the ancient church by a diocesan bishop to exercise episcopal jurisdiction in a rural district.

CHOREUS; CHOREE Cho*re"us, Cho*ree" (, n. Etym: [L. choreus, Gr. chorée.] (Anc. Pros.) (a) a trochee. (b) A tribrach.

CHORIAMB Cho"ri*amb, n.; pl. Choriambs (.

Defn: Same as Choriambus.

CHORIAMBIC Cho`ri*am"bic, a. Etym: [L. choriambicus, gr.

Defn: Pertaining to a choriamb. -- n.

Defn: A choriamb.

CHORIAMBUS Cho`ri*am"bus, n.; pl. L. Choriambi, E. Choriambuses. Etym: [L. choriambus, Gr. (Anc. Pros.)

Defn: A foot consisting of four syllables, of which the first and last are long, and the other short (- ~ ~ -); that is, a choreus, or trochee, and an iambus united.

CHORIC Cho"ric, a. Etym: [L. choricus, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a chorus. I remember a choric ode in the Hecuba. Coleridge.

CHORION Cho"ri*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Anat.) (a) The outer membrane which invests the fetus in the womb; also, the similar membrane investing many ova at certain stages of development. (b) The true skin, or cutis.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The outer membrane of seeds of plants.

CHORISIS Cho"ri*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The separation of a leaf or floral organ into two more parts.

Note: In collateral chorisis the parts are side by side. -- In parallel or median chorisis they are one in front of another.

CHORIST Cho"rist, n. Etym: [F. choriste.]

Defn: A singer in a choir; a chorister. [R.]

CHORISTER Chor"is*ter, n. Etym: [See Chorus.]

1. One of a choir; a singer in a chorus. Dryden.

2. One who leads a choir in church music. [U. S.]

CHORISTIC Cho*ris"tic, a.

Defn: Choric; choral. [R.]

CHOROGRAPH Cho"ro*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph.]

Defn: An instrument for constructing triangles in marine surveying, etc.

CHOROGRAPHER Cho*rog"ra*pher, n.

1. One who describes or makes a map of a district or region. "The chorographers of Italy." Sir T. Browne.

2. A geographical antiquary; one who investigates the locality of ancient places.

CHOROGRAPHICAL Cho`ro*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to chorography. -- Cho`ro*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

CHOROGRAPHY Cho*rog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [L. chorographia, Gr.

Defn: the mapping or description of a region or district. The chorography of their provinces. Sir T. Browne.

CHOROID Cho"roid, a. Etym: [gr. (Anat.)

Defn: resembling the chorion; as, the choroid plexuses of the ventricles of the brain, and the choroid coat of the eyeball. -- n.

Defn: The choroid coat of the eye. See Eye. Choroid plexus (Anat.), one of the delicate fringelike processes, consisting almost entirely of blood vessels, which project into the ventricles of the brain.

CHOROIDAL Cho*roid"al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the choroid coat.

CHOROLOGY Cho*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.] (Biol.)

Defn: The science which treats of the laws of distribution of living organisms over the earth's surface as to latitude, altitude, locality, etc. Its distribution or chorology. Huxley.

CHOROMETRY Cho*rom"e*try, n. Etym: [Gr. -metry.]

Defn: The art of surveying a region or district.

CHORTLE Chor"tle, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Chortled; p. pr. & vb. n. Chor"tling.]

Defn: A word coined by Lewis Carroll (Charles L. Dodgson), and usually explained as a combination of chuckle and snort. [Humorous]

O frabjous day ! Callooh ! Callay ! He chortled in his joy. Lewis Carroll.