Chapter CDVI: Prologue (57)

Defn: A document used in shipping goods by sea. In the case of free goods the shipping notes are the receiving note, addressed by the shipper to the chief officer of the vessel, requesting him to receive on board specified goods, and a receipt for the mate to sign, on receiving whose signature it is called the mate's receipt, and is surrendered by the shipper for the bills of lading.

SHIPPO Ship*po", n. [Jap. shippo seven precious things; Chin. ts'ih seven + pao gem.] (Japanese Art)

Defn: Cloisonné enamel on a background of metal or porcelain.

SHIPPON Ship"pon, n.

Defn: A cowhouse; a shippen. [Prov. Eng.] Bessy would either do fieldwork, or attend to the cows, the shippon, or churn, or make cheese. Dickens.

SHIP RAILWAY Ship railway. (a) An inclined railway running into the water with a cradelike car on which a vessel may be drawn out on land, as for repairs. (b) A railway on which to transport vessels overland between bodies of water.

SHIP-RIGGED Ship"-rigged`, a. (Naut.)

Defn: Rigged like a ship, that is, having three masts, each with square sails.

SHIPSHAPE Ship"shape`, a.

Defn: Arranged in a manner befitting a ship; hence, trim; tidy; orderly. Even then she expressed her scorn for the lubbery executioner's mode of tying a knot, and did it herself in a shipshape orthodox manner. De Quincey. Keep everything shipshape, for I must go Tennyson.

SHIPSHAPE Ship"shape`, adv.

Defn: In a shipshape or seamanlike manner.

SHIPWORM Ship"worm`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any long, slender, worm-shaped bivalve mollusk of Teredo and allied genera. The shipworms burrow in wood, and are destructive to wooden ships, piles of wharves, etc. See Teredo.

SHIPWRECK Ship"wreck`, n.

1. The breaking in pieces, or shattering, of a ship or other vessel by being cast ashore or driven against rocks, shoals, etc., by the violence of the winds and waves.

2. A ship wrecked or destroyed upon the water, or the parts of such a ship; wreckage. Dryden.

3. Fig.: Destruction; ruin; irretrievable loss. Holding faith and a good conscience, which some having put away concerning faith have made shipwreck. 1 Tim. 1. 19. It was upon an Indian bill that the late ministry had made shipwreck. J. Morley.

SHIPWRECK Ship"wreck`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shipwrecked; p. pr. & vb. n. Shipwrecking.]

1. To destroy, as a ship at sea, by running ashore or on rocks or sandbanks, or by the force of wind and waves in a tempest. Shipwrecking storms and direful thunders break. Shak.

2. To cause to experience shipwreck, as sailors or passengers. Hence, to cause to suffer some disaster or loss; to destroy or ruin, as if by shipwreck; to wreck; as, to shipwreck a business. Addison.

SHIPWRIGHT Ship"wright`, n.

Defn: One whose occupation is to construct ships; a builder of ships or other vessels.

SHIPYARD Ship"yard`, n.

Defn: A yard, place, or inclosure where ships are built or repaired.

SHIRAZ Shi*raz", n.

Defn: A kind of Persian wine; -- so called from the place whence it is brought.

SHIRE Shire, n. Etym: [AS. scire, scir, a division, province, county. Cf. Sheriff.]

1. A portion of Great Britain originally under the supervision of an earl; a territorial division, usually identical with a county, but sometimes limited to a smaller district; as, Wiltshire, Yorkshire, Richmondshire, Hallamshire. An indefinite number of these hundreds make up a county or shire. Blackstone.

2. A division of a State, embracing several contiguous townships; a county. [U. S.]

Note: Shire is commonly added to the specific designation of a county as a part of its name; as, Yorkshire instead of York shire, or the shire of York; Berkshire instead of Berks shire. Such expressions as the county of Yorkshire, which in a strict sense are tautological, are used in England. In the United States the composite word is sometimes the only name of a county; as, Berkshire county, as it is called in Massachusetts, instead of Berks county, as in Pensylvania. The Tyne, Tees, Humber, Wash, Yare, Stour, and Thames separate the counties of Northumberland, Durham, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, etc. Encyc. Brit. Knight of the shire. See under Knight. -- Shire clerk, an officer of a county court; also, an under sheriff. [Eng.] -- Shire mote (Old. Eng. Law), the county court; sheriff's turn, or court. [Obs.] Cowell. Blackstone. -- Shire reeve (Old Eng. Law), the reeve, or bailiff, of a shire; a sheriff. Burrill. -- Shire town, the capital town of a county; a county town. -- Shire wick, a county; a shire. [Obs.] Holland.

SHIRE HORSE Shire horse.

Defn: One of an English breed of heavy draft horses believed to be descended largely from the horses used in war in the days of heavy armor. They are the largest of the British draft breeds, and have long hair on the back of the cannons and fetlocks. Brown or bay with white on the face and legs is now the commonest color.

SHIRK Shirk, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shirked; p. pr. & vb. n. Shirking.] Etym: [Probably the same word as shark. See Shark, v. t.]

1. To procure by petty fraud and trickery; to obtain by mean solicitation. You that never heard the call of any vocation, . . . that shirk living from others, but time from Yourselves. Bp. Rainbow.

2. To avoid; to escape; to neglect; -- implying unfaithfulness or fraud; as, to shirk duty. The usual makeshift by which they try to shirk difficulties. Hare.

SHIRK Shirk, v. i.

1. To live by shifts and fraud; to shark.

2. To evade an obligation; to avoid the performance of duty, as by running away. One of the cities shirked from the league. Byron.

SHIRK Shirk, n.

Defn: One who lives by shifts and tricks; one who avoids the performance of duty or labor.

SHIRKER Shirk"er, n.

Defn: One who shirks. Macaulay.

SHIRKY Shirk"y, a.

Defn: Disposed to shirk. [Colloq.]

SHIRL Shirl, a.

Defn: Shrill. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

SHIRL Shirl, n. (Min.)

Defn: See Schorl.

SHIRLEY Shir"ley, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The bullfinch.

SHIRR Shirr, n. (Sewing)

Defn: A series of close parallel runnings which are drawn up so as to make the material between them set full by gatherings; -- called also shirring, and gauging.

SHIRRED Shirred, a.

1. (Sewing)

Defn: Made or gathered into a shirr; as, a shirred bonnet.

2. (Cookery)

Defn: Broken into an earthen dish and baked over the fire; -- said of eggs.

SHIRT Shirt, n. Etym: [OE. schirte, sherte, schurte; akin to Icel. skyrta, Dan. skiorte, Sw. skjorta, Dan. skiört a petticoat, D. schort a petticoat, an argon, G. schurz, schürze, an argon; all probably from the root of E. short, as being originally a short garment. See Short, and cf. Skirt.]

Defn: A loose under-garment for the upper part of the body, made of cotton, linen, or other material; -- formerly used of the under- garment of either sex, now commonly restricted to that worn by men and boys. Several persons in December had nothing over their shoulders but their shirts. Addison. She had her shirts and girdles of hair. Bp. Fisher.

SHIRT Shirt, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Shirted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shirting.]

Defn: To cover or clothe with a shirt, or as with a shirt. Dryden.

SHIRTING Shirt"ing, n.

Defn: Cloth, specifically cotton cloth, suitable for making shirts.

SHIRTLESS Shirt"less, a.

Defn: Not having or wearing a shirt. Pope. -- Shirt"less*ness, n.

SHIRT WAIST Shirt waist.

Defn: A belted waist resembling a shirt in plainness of cut and style, worn by women or children; -- in England called a blouse.

SHIRT-WAIST SUIT Shirt-waist suit.

Defn: A costume consisting of a plain belted waist and skirt of the same material.

SHIST; SHISTOSE Shist, Shis*tose".

Defn: See Shist, Schistose.

SHITTAH; SHITTAH TREE Shit"tah, Shit"tah tree`, n. Etym: [Heb. shittah, pl. shittim.]

Defn: A tree that furnished the precious wood of which the ark, tables, altars, boards, etc., of the Jewish tabernacle were made; -- now believed to have been the wood of the Acacia Seyal, which is hard, fine grained, and yellowish brown in color.

SHITTIM; SHITTIM WOOD Shit"tim, Shit"tim wood`, n.

Defn: The wood of the shittah tree.

SHITTLE Shit"tle, n. Etym: [See Shuttle.]

Defn: A shuttle. [Obs.] Chapman.

SHITTLE Shit"tle, a.

Defn: Wavering; unsettled; inconstant. [Obs.] Holland.

SHITTLECOCK Shit"tle*cock`, n.

Defn: A shuttlecock. [Obs.]

SHITTLENESS Shit"tle*ness, n.

Defn: Instability; inconstancy. [Obs.] The vain shittlenesse of an unconstant head. Baret.

SHIVE Shive, n. Etym: [See Sheave, n.]

1. A slice; as, a shive of bread. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Shak.

2. A thin piece or fragment; specifically, one of the scales or pieces of the woody part of flax removed by the operation of breaking.

3. A thin, flat cork used for stopping a wide-mouthed bottle; also, a thin wooden bung for casks.

SHIVER Shiv"er, n. Etym: [OE. schivere, fr. shive; cf. G. schifer a splinter, slate, OHG. scivere a splinter, Dan. & Sw. skifer a slate. See Shive, and cf. Skever.]

1. One of the small pieces, or splinters, into which a brittle thing is broken by sudden violence; -- generally used in the plural. "All to shivers dashed." Milton.

2. A thin slice; a shive. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "A shiver of their own loaf." Fuller. Of your soft bread, not but a shiver. Chaucer.

3. (Geol.)

Defn: A variety of blue slate.

4. (Naut.)

Defn: A sheave or small wheel in a pulley.

5. A small wedge, as for fastening the bolt of a window shutter.

6. A spindle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

SHIVER Shiv"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shivered; p. pr. & vb. n. Shivering.] Etym: [OE. schiveren, scheveren; cf. OD. scheveren. See Shiver a fragment.]

Defn: To break into many small pieces, or splinters; to shatter; to dash to pieces by a blow; as, to shiver a glass goblet. All the ground With shivered armor strown. Milton.

SHIVER Shiv"er, v. i.

Defn: To separate suddenly into many small pieces or parts; to be shattered. There shiver shafts upon shields thick. Chaucer The natural world, should gravity once cease, . . . would instantly shiver into millions of atoms. Woodward.

SHIVER Shiv"er, v. i. Etym: [OE. chiveren, cheveren; of uncertain origin. This word seems to have been confused with shiver to shatter.]

Defn: To tremble; to vibrate; to quiver; to shake, as from cold or fear. Prometheus is laid On icy Caucasus to shiver. Swift. The man that shivered on the brink of sin, Thus steeled and hardened, ventures boldly in. Creech.

SHIVER Shiv"er, v. t. (Naut.)

Defn: To cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the wind.

SHIVER Shiv"er, n.

Defn: The act of shivering or trembling.

SHIVERINGLY Shiv"er*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a shivering manner.

SHIVER-SPAR Shiv"er-spar`, n. Etym: [Cf. G. schiefer-spath.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of calcite, so called from its slaty structure; -- called also slate spar.

SHIVERY Shiv"er*y, a.

1. Tremulous; shivering. Mallet.

2. Easily broken; brittle; shattery.

SHIZOKU Shi*zo"ku, n. sing. & pl. [Jap. shi-zoku, fr. Chin. ch' (chi) branch, posterity + tsu kindered, class.]

Defn: The Japanese warrior gentry or middle class, formerly called samurai; also, any member of this class.

SHOAD Shoad, n. Etym: [Cf. G. schutt rubbish.] (Mining)

Defn: A train of vein material mixed with rubbish; fragments of ore which have become separated by the action of water or the weather, and serve to direct in the discovery of mines. [Written also shode.]

SHOADING Shoad"ing, n. (Mining)

Defn: The tracing of veins of metal by shoads. [Written also shoding.] Pryce.

SHOAL Shoal, n. Etym: [AS. scolu, sceolu, a company, multitude, crowd, akin to OS. skola; probably originally, a division, and akin to Icel. skilja to part, divide. See Skill, and cf. School. of fishes.]

Defn: A great multitude assembled; a crowd; a throng; -- said especially of fish; as, a shoal of bass. "Great shoals of people." Bacon. Beneath, a shoal of silver fishes glides. Waller.

SHOAL Shoal, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shoaled; p. pr. & vb. n. Shoaling.]

Defn: To assemble in a multitude; to throng; as, the fishes shoaled about the place. Chapman.

SHOAL Shoal, a. Etym: [Cf. Shallow; or cf. G. scholle a clod, glebe, OHG. scollo, scolla, prob. akin to E. shoal a multitude.]

Defn: Having little depth; shallow; as, shoal water.

SHOAL Shoal, n.

1. A place where the water of a sea, lake, river, pond, etc., is shallow; a shallow. The depth of your pond should be six feet; and on the sides some shoals for the fish to lay their span. Mortimer. Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory, And sounded all the depths and shoals of honor. Shak.

2. A sandbank or bar which makes the water shoal. The god himself with ready trident stands, And opes the deep, and spreads the moving sands, Then heaves them off the shoals. Dryden.

SHOAL Shoal, v. i.

Defn: To become shallow; as, the color of the water shows where it shoals.

SHOAL Shoal, v. t.

Defn: To cause to become more shallow; to come to a more shallow part of; as, a ship shoals her water by advancing into that which is less deep. Marryat.

SHOALINESS Shoal"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being shoaly; little depth of water; shallowness.

SHOALING Shoal"ing, a.

Defn: Becoming shallow gradually. "A shoaling estuary." Lyell.

SHOALY Shoal"y, a.

Defn: Full of shoals, or shallow places. The tossing vessel sailed on shoaly ground. Dryden.

SHOAR Shoar (shor), n.

Defn: A prop. See 3d Shore.

SHOAT Shoat (shot), n.

Defn: A young hog. Same as Shote.

SHOCK Shock, n. Etym: [OE. schokke; cf. OD schocke, G. schock a heap, quantity, threescore, MHG. schoc, Sw. skok, and also G. hocke a heap of hay, Lith. kugis.]

1. A pile or assemblage of sheaves of grain, as wheat, rye, or the like, set up in a field, the sheaves varying in number from twelve to sixteen; a stook. And cause it on shocks to be by and by set. Tusser. Behind the master walks, builds up the shocks. Thomson.

2. Etym: [G. schock.] (Com.)

Defn: A lot consisting of sixty pieces; -- a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.

SHOCK Shock, v. t.

Defn: To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook; as, to shock rye.

SHOCK Shock, v. i.

Defn: To be occupied with making shocks. Reap well, scatter not, gather clean that is shorn, Bind fast, shock apace. Tusser.

SHOCK Shock, n. Etym: [Cf. D. schok a bounce, jolt, or leap, OHG. scoc a swing, MHG. schoc, Icel. skykkjun tremuously, F. choc a shock, collision, a dashing or striking against, Sp. choque, It. ciocco a log. sq. root161. Cf. Shock to shake.]

1. A quivering or shaking which is the effect of a blow, collision, or violent impulse; a blow, impact, or collision; a concussion; a sudden violent impulse or onset. These strong, unshaken mounds resist the shocks Of tides and seas tempestuous. Blackmore. He stood the shock of a whole host of foes. Addison.

2. A sudden agitation of the mind or feelings; a sensation of pleasure or pain caused by something unexpected or overpowering; also, a sudden agitating or overpowering event. "A shock of pleasure." Talfourd.

3. (Med.)

Defn: A sudden depression of the vital forces of the entire body, or of a port of it, marking some profound impression produced upon the nervous system, as by severe injury, overpowering emotion, or the like.

4. (Elec.)

Defn: The sudden convulsion or contraction of the muscles, with the feeling of a concussion, caused by the discharge, through the animal system, of electricity from a charged body.

Syn. -- Concussion, Shock. Both words signify a sudden violent shaking caused by impact or colision; but concussion is restricted in use to matter, while shock is used also of mental states.

SHOCK Shock, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shocked; p. pr. & vb. n. Shocking.] Etym: [OE. schokken; cf. D. schokken, F. choquer, Sp. chocar. sq. root161. Cf. Chuck to strike, Jog, Shake, Shock a striking, Shog, n. & v.]

1. To give a shock to; to cause to shake or waver; hence, to strike against suddenly; to encounter with violence. Come the three corners of the world in arms, And we shall shock them. Shak. A shall never forget the force with which he shocked De Vipont. Sir W. Scott.

2. To strike with surprise, terror, horror, or disgust; to cause to recoil; as, his violence shocked his associates. Advise him not to shock a father's will. Dryden.

SHOCK Shock, v. i.

Defn: To meet with a shock; to meet in violent encounter. "They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together." De Quincey.

SHOCK Shock, n. Etym: [Cf. Shag.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A dog with long hair or shag; -- called also shockdog.

2. A thick mass of bushy hair; as, a head covered with a shock of sandy hair.

SHOCK Shock, a.

Defn: Bushy; shaggy; as, a shock hair. His red shock peruke . . . was laid aside. Sir W. Scott.

SHOCKDOG Shock"dog`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See 7th Shock, 1.

SHOCK-HEAD Shock"-head`, a.

Defn: Shock-headed. Tennyson.

SHOCK-HEADED Shock"-head`ed, a.

Defn: Having a thick and bushy head of hair.

SHOCKING Shock"ing, a.

Defn: Causing to shake or tremble, as by a blow; especially, causing to recoil with horror or disgust; extremely offensive or disgusting. The grossest and most shocking villainies. Secker. -- Shock"ing*ly, adv. -- Shock"ing*ness, n.

SHOD Shod, imp. & p. p.

Defn: f Shoe.

SHODDY Shod"dy, n. Etym: [Perhaps fr. Shed, v. t.; as meaning originally, waste stuff shedor thrown off.]

1. A fibrous material obtained by "deviling," or tearing into fibers, refuse woolen goods, old stockings, rags, druggets, etc. See Mungo.

2. A fabric of inferior quality made of, or containing a large amount of, shoddy.

Note: The great quantity of shoddy goods furnished as army supplies in the late Civil War in the United States gave wide currency to the word, and it came to be applied to persons who pretend to a higher position in society than that to which their breeding or worth entitles them.

SHODDY Shod"dy, a.

Defn: Made wholly or in part of shoddy; containing shoddy; as, shoddy cloth; shoddy blankets; hence, colloquially, not genuine; sham; pretentious; as, shoddy aristocracy. Shoddy inventions designed to bolster up a factitious pride. Compton Reade.

SHODDY FEVER Shoddy fever. (Med.)

Defn: A febrile disease characterized by dyspnoa and bronchitis caused by inhaling dust.

SHODDYISM Shod"dy*ism, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being shoddy. [Colloq.] See the Note under Shoddy, n.

SHODE Shode, n. Etym: [AS. scade, fr. sceádan. See Shed, v. t.]

1. The parting of the hair on the head. [Obs.] Full straight and even lay his jolly shode. Chaucer.

2. The top of the head; the head. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SHODE; SHODING Shode, Shod"ing.

Defn: See Shoad, Shoading.

SHODER Sho"der, n.

Defn: A package of gold beater's skins in which gold is subjected to the second process of beating.

SHOE Shoe, n.; pl. Shoes, formerly Shoon, now provincial. Etym: [OE. sho, scho, AS. sc, sceóh; akin to OFries. sk, OS. sk, D. schoe, schoen, G. schuh, OHG. scuoh, Icel. sk, Dan. & Sw. sko, Goth. sk; of unknown origin.]

1. A covering for the human foot, usually made of leather, having a thick and somewhat stiff sole and a lighter top. It differs from a boot on not extending so far up the leg. Your hose should be ungartered, . . . yourshoe untied. Shak. Spare none but such as go in clouted shoon. Shak.

2. Anything resembling a shoe in form, position, or use. Specifically: (a) A plate or rim of iron nailed to the hoof of an animal to defend it from injury. (b) A band of iron or steel, or a ship of wood, fastened to the bottom of the runner of a sleigh, or any vehicle which slides on the snow. (c) A drag, or sliding piece of wood or iron, placed under the wheel of a loaded vehicle, to retard its motion in going down a hill. (d) The part of a railroad car brake which presses upon the wheel to retard its motion. (e) (Arch.) A trough-shaped or spout-shaped member, put at the bottom of the water leader coming from the eaves gutter, so as to throw the water off from the building. (f) (Milling.) The trough or spout for conveying the grain from the hopper to the eye of the millstone. (g) An inclined trough in an ore-crushing mill. (h) An iron socket or plate to take the thrust of a strut or rafter. (i) An iron socket to protect the point of a wooden pile. (j) (Mach.) A plate, or notched piece, interposed between a moving part and the stationary part on which it bears, to take the wear and afford means of adjustment; -- called also slipper, and gib.

Note: Shoe is often used adjectively, or in composition; as, shoe buckle, or shoe-buckle; shoe latchet, or shoe-latchet; shoe leathet, or shoe-leather; shoe string, shoe-string, or shoestring. Shoe of an anchor. (Naut.) (a) A small block of wood, convex on the back, with a hole to receive the point of the anchor fluke, -- used to prevent the anchor from tearing the planks of the vessel when raised or lowered. (b) A broad, triangular piece of plank placed upon the fluke to give it a better hold in soft ground. -- Shoe block (Naut.), a block with two sheaves, one above the other, and at right angles to each other. -- Shoe bolt, a bolt with a flaring head, for fastening shoes on sleigh runners. -- Shoe pac, a kind of moccasin. See Pac. -- Shoe stone, a sharpening stone used by shoemakers and other workers in leather.

SHOE Shoe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shod; p. pr. & vb. n. Shoeing.] Etym: [AS. sc, sce. See Shoe, n.]

1. To furnish with a shoe or shoes; to put a shoe or shoes on; as, to shoe a horse, a sled, an anchor.

2. To protect or ornament with something which serves the purpose of a shoe; to tip. The sharp and small end of the billiard stick, which is shod with brass or silver. Evelyn.

SHOEBILL Shoe"bill`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large African wading bird (Balæniceps rex) allied to the storks and herons, and remarkable for its enormous broad swollen bill. It inhabits the valley of the White Nile. See Illust. (l.) of Beak.

SHOEBLACK Shoe"black`, n.

Defn: One who polishes shoes.

SHOEFLY Shoe"fly`, n.

1. (Railroading) A contrivance for throwing the track temporarily to one side for convenience in filling washouts or effecting other repairs. [Cant, U. S.]

2. (Print.) In some cylinder presses, a device with long fingers for freeing the sheet from the cylinder.

SHOEHORN; SHOEING-HORN Shoe"horn`, Shoe"ing-horn`, n.

1. A curved piece of polished horn, wood, or metal used to facilitate the entrance of the foot into a shoe.

2. Figuratively: (a) Anything by which a transaction is facilitated; a medium; -- by way of contempt. Spectator. (b) Anything which draws on or allures; an inducement. [Low] Beau & Fl.

SHOELESS Shoe"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of shoes. Addison.

SHOEMAKER Shoe"mak`er, n.

1. One whose occupation it is to make shoes and boots.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) The threadfish. (b) The runner, 12.

SHOEMAKING Shoe"mak`ing, n.

Defn: The business of a shoemaker.

SHOER Sho"er, n.

Defn: One who fits shoes to the feet; one who furnishes or puts on shoes; as, a shoer of horses.

SHOG Shog, n. Etym: [See Shock a striking.]

Defn: A shock; a jog; a violent concussion or impulse. [R. or Scot.]

SHOG Shog, v. t.

Defn: To shake; to shock. [R. or Scot.]

SHOG Shog, v. i. Etym: [Cf. W. ysgogi to wag, to stir. Cf. Jog.]

Defn: To jog; to move on. [R. or Scot.] Beau & Fl.

SHOGGLE Shog"gle, v. t. Etym: [See Shog, Joggle.]

Defn: To joggle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Pegge.

SHOGUN Sho"gun, n. Etym: [Chin. tsiang kiÜn commander in chief.]

Defn: A title originally conferred by the Mikado on the military governor of the eastern provinces of Japan. By gradual usurpation of power the Shoguns (known to foreigners as Tycoons) became finally the virtual rulers of Japan. The title was abolished in 1867. [Written variously, Shiogun, Shiogoon, etc.]

SHOGUNATE Sho*gun"ate, n.

Defn: The office or dignity of a Shogun. [Written also Siogoonate.]

SHOLA Sho"la, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Sola.

SHOLE Shole, n.

Defn: A plank fixed beneath an object, as beneath the rudder of a vessel, to protect it from injury; a plank on the ground under the end of a shore or the like.

SHOLE Shole, n.

Defn: See Shoal. [Obs.]

SHONDE Shonde, n. Etym: [AS. sceond. Cf. Shend.]

Defn: Harm; disgrace; shame. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SHONE Shone,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Shine.

SHOO Shoo, interj. Etym: [Cf. G. scheuchen to scare, drive away.]

Defn: Begone; away; -- an expression used in frightening away animals, especially fowls.

SHOOI Sho"oi, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Richardson's skua (Stercorarius parasiticus);- so called from its cry. [Prov. Eng.]

SHOOK Shook,

Defn: imp. & obs. or poet. p. p. of Shake.

SHOOK Shook, n. Etym: [Cf. Shock a bundle of sheaves.] (Com.) (a) A set of staves and headings sufficient in number for one hogshead, cask, barrel, or the like, trimmed, and bound together in compact form. (b) A set of boards for a sugar box. (c) The parts of a piece of house furniture, as a bedstead, packed together.

SHOOK Shook, v. t.

Defn: To pack, as staves, in a shook.

SHOON Shoon, n.,

Defn: pl. of Shoe. [Archaic] Chaucer. They shook the snow from hats and shoon. Emerson.

SHOOP Shoop, obs.

Defn: imp. of Shape. Shaped. Chaucer.

SHOOT Shoot, n. Etym: [F. chute. See Chute. Confused with shoot to let fly.]

Defn: An inclined plane, either artificial or natural, down which timber, coal, etc., are caused to slide; also, a narrow passage, either natural or artificial, in a stream, where the water rushes rapidly; esp., a channel, having a swift current, connecting the ends of a bend in the stream, so as to shorten the course. [Written also chute, and shute.] [U. S.] To take a shoot, to pass through a shoot instead of the main channel; to take the most direct course. [U.S.]

SHOOT Shoot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shot; p. pr. & vb. n. Shooting. The old participle Shotten is obsolete. See Shotten.] Etym: [OE. shotien, schotien, AS. scotian, v. i., sceótan; akin to D. schieten, G. schie, OHG. sciozan, Icel. skj, Sw. skjuta, Dan. skyde; cf. Skr. skund to jump. sq. root159. Cf. Scot a contribution, Scout to reject, Scud, Scuttle, v. i., Shot, Sheet, Shut, Shuttle, Skittish, Skittles.]

1. To let fly, or cause to be driven, with force, as an arrow or a bullet; -- followed by a word denoting the missile, as an object. If you please To shoot an arrow that self way. Shak.

2. To discharge, causing a missile to be driven forth; -- followed by a word denoting the weapon or instrument, as an object; -- often with off; as, to shoot a gun. The two ends od a bow, shot off, fly from one another. Boyle.

3. To strike with anything shot; to hit with a missile; often, to kill or wound with a firearm; -- followed by a word denoting the person or thing hit, as an object. When Roger shot the hawk hovering over his master's dove house. A. Tucker.

4. To send out or forth, especially with a rapid or sudden motion; to cast with the hand; to hurl; to discharge; to emit. An honest weaver as ever shot shuttle. Beau & Fl. A pit into which the dead carts had nightly shot corpses by scores. Macaulay.

5. To push or thrust forward; to project; to protrude; -- often with out; as, a plant shoots out a bud. They shoot out the lip, they shake the head. Ps. xxii. 7. Beware the secret snake that shoots a sting. Dryden.

6. (Carp.)

Defn: To plane straight; to fit by planing. Two pieces of wood that are shot, that is, planed or else pared with a paring chisel. Moxon.

7. To pass rapidly through, over, or under; as, to shoot a rapid or a bridge; to shoot a sand bar. She . . . shoots the Stygian sound. Dryden.

8. To variegate as if by sprinkling or intermingling; to color in spots or patches. The tangled water courses slept, Shot over with purple, and green, and yellow. Tennyson. To be shot of, to be discharged, cleared, or rid of. [Colloq.] "Are you not glad to be shot of him" Sir W. Scott.

SHOOT Shoot, v. i.

1. To cause an engine or weapon to discharge a missile; -- said of a person or an agent; as, they shot at a target; he shoots better than he rides. The archers have . . . shot at him. Gen. xlix. 23.

2. To discharge a missile; -- said of an engine or instrument; as, the gun shoots well.

3. To be shot or propelled forcibly; -- said of a missile; to be emitted or driven; to move or extend swiftly, as if propelled; as, a shooting star. There shot a streaming lamp along the sky. Dryden.

4. To penetrate, as a missile; to dart with a piercing sensation; as, shooting pains. Thy words shoot through my heart. Addison.

5. To feel a quick, darting pain; to throb in pain. These preachers make His head to shoot and ache. Herbert.

6. To germinate; to bud; to sprout. Onions, as they hang, will shoot forth. Bacon. But the wild olive shoots, and shades the ungrateful plain. Dryden.

7. To grow; to advance; as, to shoot up rapidly. Well shot in years he seemed. Spenser. Delightful task! to rear the tender thought, To teach the young idea how to shoot. Thomson.

8. To change form suddenly; especially, to solidify. If the menstruum be overcharged, metals will shoot into crystals. Bacon.

9. To protrude; to jut; to project; to extend; as, the land shoots into a promontory. There shot up against the dark sky, tall, gaunt, straggling houses. Dickens.

10. (Naut.)

Defn: To move ahead by force of momentum, as a sailing vessel when the helm is put hard alee. To shoot ahead, to pass or move quickly forward; to outstrip others.

SHOOT Shoot, n.

1. The act of shooting; the discharge of a missile; a shot; as, the shoot of a shuttle. The Turkish bow giveth a very forcible shoot. Bacon. One underneath his horse to get a shoot doth stalk. Drayton.

2. A young branch or growth. Superfluous branches and shoots of this second spring. Evelyn.

3. A rush of water; a rapid.

4. (Min.)

Defn: A vein of ore running in the same general direction as the lode. Knight.

5. (Weaving)

Defn: A weft thread shot through the shed by the shuttle; a pick.

6. Etym: [Perh. a different word.]

Defn: A shoat; a young hog.

SHOOTER Shoot"er, n.

1. One who shoots, as an archer or a gunner.

2. That which shoots. Specifically: (a) A firearm; as, a five-shooter. [Colloq. U.S.] (b) A shooting star. [R.]

SHOOTING Shoot"ing, n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, shoots; as, the shooting of an archery club; the shooting of rays of light.

2. A wounding or killing with a firearm; specifically (Sporting), the killing of game; as, a week of shooting.

3. A sensation of darting pain; as, a shooting in one's head.

SHOOTING Shoot"ing, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to shooting; for shooting; darting. Shooting board (Joinery), a fixture used in planing or shooting the edge of a board, by means of which the plane is guided and the board held true. -- Shooting box, a small house in the country for use in the shooting season. Prof. Wilson. -- Shooting gallery, a range, usually covered, with targets for practice with firearms. -- Shooting iron, a firearm. [Slang, U.S.] -- Shooting star. (a) (Astron.) A starlike, luminous meteor, that, appearing suddenly, darts quickly across some portion of the sky, and then as suddenly disappears, leaving sometimes, for a few seconds, a luminous train, - - called also falling star. Shooting stars are small cosmical bodies which encounter the earth in its annual revolution, and which become visible by coming with planetary velocity into the upper regions of the atmosphere. At certain periods, as on the 13th of November and 10th of August, they appear for a few hours in great numbers, apparently diverging from some point in the heavens, such displays being known as meteoric showers, or star showers. These bodies, before encountering the earth, were moving in orbits closely allied to the orbits of comets. See Leonids, Perseids. (b) (Bot.) The American cowslip (Dodecatheon Meadia). See under Cowslip. -- Shooting stick (Print.), a tapering piece of wood or iron, used by printers to drive up the quoins in the chase. Hansard.

SHOOTY Shoot"y, a.

Defn: Sprouting or coming up freely and regularly. [Prev. Eng.] Grose.

SHOP Shop, obs.

Defn: imp. of Shape. Shaped. Chaucer.

SHOP Shop, n. Etym: [OE. shoppe, schoppe, AS. sceoppa a treasury, a storehouse, stall, booth; akin to scypen a shed, LG. schup a shed, G. schoppen, schuppen, a shed, a coachhouse, OHG. scopf.]

1. A building or an apartment in which goods, wares, drugs, etc., are sold by retail. From shop to shop Wandering, and littering with unfolded silks The polished counter. Cowper.

2. A building in which mechanics or artisans work; as, a shoe shop; a car shop. A tailor called me in his shop. Shak.

Note: Shop is often used adjectively or in composition; as, shop rent, or shop-rent; shop thief, or shop-thief; shop window, or shop- window, etc. To smell of the shop, to indicate too distinctively one's occupation or profession. -- To talk shop, to make one's business the topic of social conversation; also, to use the phrases peculiar to one's employment. [Colloq.]

Syn. -- Store; warehouse. See Store.

SHOP Shop, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shopped; p. pr. & vb. n. Shopping.]

Defn: To visit shops for the purpose of purchasing goods. He was engaged with his mother and some ladies to go shopping. Byron.

SHOPBOARD Shop"board`, n.

Defn: A bench or board on which work is performed; a workbench. South.

SHOPBOOK Shop"book`, n.

Defn: A book in which a tradesman keeps his accounts. Locke.

SHOPBOY Shop"boy`, n.

Defn: A boy employed in a shop.

SHOPEN Sho"pen, obs.

Defn: p. p. of Shape. Chaucer.

SHOPGIRL Shop"girl`, n.

Defn: A girl employed in a shop.

SHOPKEEPER Shop"keep`er, n.

Defn: A trader who sells goods in a shop, or by retail; -- in distinction from one who sells by wholesale. Addison.

SHOPLIFTER Shop"lift`er, n. Etym: [Shop + lift. See Lift to steal.]

Defn: One who steals anything in a shop, or takes goods privately from a shop; one who, under pretense of buying goods, takes occasion to steal.

SHOPLIFTING Shop"lift`ing, n.

Defn: Larceny committed in a shop; the stealing of anything from a shop.

SHOPLIKE Shop"like`, a.

Defn: Suiting a shop; vulgar. B. Jonson.

SHOPMAID Shop"maid`, n.

Defn: A shopgirl.

SHOPMAN Shop"man, n.; pl. Shopmen (.

1. A shopkeeper; a retailer. Dryden.

2. One who serves in a shop; a salesman.

3. One who works in a shop or a factory.

SHOPPER Shop"per, n.

Defn: One who shops.

SHOPPISH Shop"pish, a.

Defn: Having the appearance or qualities of a shopkeeper, or shopman.

SHOPPY Shop"py, a.

1. Abounding with shops. [Colloq.]

2. Of or pertaining to shops, or one's own shop or business; as, shoppy talk. [Colloq.] Mrs. Gaskell.

SHOPSHIFT Shop"shift`, n.

Defn: The trick of a shopkeeper; deception. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

SHOPWALKER Shop"walk`er, n.

Defn: One who walks about in a shop as an overseer and director. Cf. Floorwalker.

SHOPWOMAN Shop"wom`an, n.; pl. Shopwomen (.

Defn: A woman employed in a shop.

SHOPWORN Shop"worn`, a.

Defn: Somewhat worn or damaged by having been kept for a time in a shop.

SHORAGE Shor"age, n.

Defn: Duty paid for goods brought on shore. Grabb.

SHORE Shore,

Defn: imp. of Shear. Chaucer.

SHORE Shore, n.

Defn: A sewer. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

SHORE Shore, n. Etym: [OE. schore; akin to LG. schore, D. schoor, OD. schoore, Icel. skor, and perhaps to E. shear, as being a piece cut off.]

Defn: A prop, as a timber, placed as a brace or support against the side of a building or other structure; a prop placed beneath anything, as a beam, to prevent it from sinking or sagging. [Written also shoar.]

SHORE Shore, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shored; p. pr. & vb. n. Shoring.] Etym: [OE. schoren. See Shore a prop.]

Defn: To support by a shore or shores; to prop; -- usually with up; as, to shore up a building.

SHORE Shore, n. Etym: [OE. schore, AS. score, probably fr. scieran, and so meaning properly, that which is shorn off, edge; akin to OD. schoore, schoor. See Shear, v. t.]

Defn: The coast or land adjacent to a large body of water, as an ocean, lake, or large river. Michael Cassio, Lieutenant to the warlike Moor Othello, Is come shore. Shak. The fruitful shore of muddy Nile. Spenser. In shore, near the shore. Marryat. -- On shore. See under On. -- Shore birds (Zoöl.), a collective name for the various limicoline birds found on the seashore. -- Shore crab (Zoöl.), any crab found on the beaches, or between tides, especially any one of various species of grapsoid crabs, as Heterograpsus nudus of California. -- Shore lark (Zoöl.), a small American lark (Otocoris alpestris) found in winter, both on the seacoast and on the Western plains. Its upper parts are varied with dark brown and light brown. It has a yellow throat, yellow local streaks, a black crescent on its breast, a black streak below each eye, and two small black erectile ear tufts. Called also horned lark. -- Shore plover (Zoöl.), a large-billed Australian plover (Esacus magnirostris). It lives on the seashore, and feeds on crustaceans, etc. -- Shore teetan (Zoöl.), the rock pipit (Anthus obscurus). [Prov. Eng.]

SHORE Shore, v. t.

Defn: To set on shore. [Obs.] Shak.

SHORELESS Shore"less, a.

Defn: Having no shore or coast; of indefinite or unlimited extent; as, a shoreless ocean. Young.

SHORELING Shore"ling, n.

Defn: See Shorling.

SHORER Shor"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, shores or props; a prop; a shore.

SHOREWARD Shore"ward, adv.

Defn: Toward the shore.

SHORING Shor"ing, n.

1. The act of supporting or strengthening with a prop or shore.

2. A system of props; props, collectively.

SHORL; SHORLACEOUS Shorl, n., Shor*la"ceous (,a. (Min.)

Defn: See Schorl, Schorlaceous.

SHORLING Shor"ling, n.

1. The skin of a sheen after the fleece is shorn off, as distinct from the morling, or skin taken from the dead sheep; also, a sheep of the first year's shearing. [Prov. Eng.]

2. A person who is shorn; a shaveling; hence, in contempt, a priest. [Obs.] Halliwell.

SHORN Shorn (,

Defn: p. p. of Shear.

SHORT Short, a. [Compar. Shorter; superl. Shortest.] Etym: [OE. short, schort, AS. scort, sceort; akin to OHG. scurz, Icel. skorta to be short of, to lack, and perhaps to E. shear, v. t. Cf. Shirt.]

1. Not long; having brief length or linear extension; as, a short distance; a short piece of timber; a short flight. The bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it. Isa. xxviii. 20.

2. Not extended in time; having very limited duration; not protracted; as, short breath. The life so short, the craft so long to learn. Chaucer. To short absense I could yield. Milton.

3. Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty; as, a short supply of provisions, or of water.

4. Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied; scantily furnished; lacking; not coming up to a resonable, or the ordinary, standard; -- usually with of; as, to be short of money. We shall be short in our provision. Shak.

5. Deficient; defective; imperfect; not coming up, as to a measure or standard; as, an account which is short of the trith.

6. Not distant in time; near at hand. Marinell was sore offended That his departure thence should be so short. Spenser. He commanded those who were appointed to attend him to be ready by a short day. Clarendon.

7. Limited in intellectual power or grasp; not comprehensive; narrow; not tenacious, as memory. Their own short understandings reach No farther than the present. Rowe.

8. Less important, efficaceous, or powerful; not equal or equivalent; less (than); -- with of. Hardly anything short of an invasion could rouse them again to war. Landor.

9. Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant; as, he gave a short answer to the question.

10. (Cookery)

Defn: Breaking or crumbling readily in the mouth; crisp; as, short pastry.

11. (Metal)

Defn: Brittle.

Note: Metals that are brittle when hot are called ; as, cast iron may be hot-short, owing to the presence of sulphur. Those that are brittle when cold are called cold-short; as, cast iron may be cold- short, on account of the presence of phosphorus.

12. (Stock Exchange)

Defn: Engaging or engaged to deliver what is not possessed; as, short contracts; to be short of stock. See The shorts, under Short, n., and To sell short, under Short, adv.

Note: In mercantile transactions, a note or bill is sometimes made payable at short sight, that is, in a little time after being presented to the payer.

13. (Phon.)

Defn: Not prolonged, or relatively less prolonged, in utterance; -- opposed to long, and applied to vowels or to syllables. In English, the long and short of the same letter are not, in most cases, the long and short of the same sound; thus, the i in ill is the short sound, not of i in isle, but of ee in eel, and the e in pet is the short sound of a in pate, etc. See Quantity, and Guide to Pronunciation, §§22, 30.

Note: Short is much used with participles to form numerous self- explaining compounds; as, short-armed, short-billed, short-fingered, short-haired, short-necked, short-sleeved, short-tailed, short- winged, short-wooled, etc. At short notice, in a brief time; promptly. -- Short rib (Anat.), one of the false ribs. -- Short suit (Whist), any suit having only three cards, or less than three. R. A. Proctor. -- To come short, To cut short, To fall short, etc. See under Come, Cut, etc.

SHORT Short, n.

1. A summary account. The short and the long is, our play is preferred. Shak.

2. pl.

Defn: The part of milled grain sifted out which is next finer than the bran. The first remove above bran is shorts. Halliwell.

3. pl.

Defn: Short, inferior hemp.

4. pl.

Defn: Breeches; shortclothes. [Slang] Dickens.

5. (Phonetics)

Defn: A short sound, syllable, or vowel. If we compare the nearest conventional shorts and longs in English, as in "bit" and "beat," "not" and "naught," we find that the short vowels are generally wide, the long narrow, besides being generally diphthongic as well. Hence, originally short vowels can be lengthened and yet kept quite distinct from the original longs. H. Sweet. In short, in few words; in brief; briefly. -- The long and the short, the whole; a brief summing up. -- The shorts (Stock Exchange), those who are unsupplied with stocks which they contracted to deliver.

SHORT Short, adv.

Defn: In a short manner; briefly; limitedly; abruptly; quickly; as, to stop short in one's course; to turn short. He was taken up very short, and adjudged corrigible for such presumptuous language. Howell. To sell short (Stock Exchange), to sell, for future delivery, what the party selling does not own, but hopes to buy at a lower rate.

SHORT Short, v. t. Etym: [AS. sceortian.]

Defn: To shorten. [Obs.]

SHORT Short, v. i.

Defn: To fail; to decrease. [Obs.]

SHORTAGE Short"age, n.

Defn: Amount or extent of deficiency, as determined by some requirement or standard; as, a shortage in money accounts.

SHORT-BREATHED Short"-breathed`, a.

1. Having short-breath, or quick respiration.

2. Having short life.

SHORTCAKE Short"cake`, n.

Defn: An unsweetened breakfast cake shortened with butter or lard, rolled thin, and baked.

SHORT CIRCUIT Short" cir"cuit. (Elec.)

Defn: A circuit formed or closed by a conductor of relatively low resistance because shorter or of relatively great conductivity.

SHORT-CIRCUIT Short"-cir`cuit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Short-circuited; p. pr. & vb. n. Short-circuiting.] (Elec.)

Defn: To join, as the electrodes of a battery or dynamo or any two points of a circuit, by a conductor of low resistance.

SHORTCLOTHES Short"clothes`, n.

Defn: Coverings for the legs of men or boys, consisting of trousers which reach only to the knees, -- worn with long stockings.

SHORTCOMING Short"com`ing, n.

Defn: The act of falling, or coming short; as: (a) The failure of a crop, or the like. (b) Neglect of, or failure in, performance of duty.

SHORT-DATED Short"-dat`ed, a.

Defn: Having little time to run from the date. "Thy short-dated life." Sandys.

SHORTEN Short"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shortened ; p. pr. & vb. n. Shortening.] Etym: [See Short, a.]

1. To make short or shorter in measure, extent, or time; as, to shorten distance; to shorten a road; to shorten days of calamity.

2. To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen; to abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to shorten work, an allowance of food, etc. Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain. Dryden.

3. To make deficient (as to); to deprive; -- with of. Spoiled of his nose, and shortened of his ears. Dryden.

4. To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, pot liquor, or the like. To shorten a rope (Naut.), to take in the slack of it. -- To shorten sail (Naut.), to reduce sail by taking it in.

SHORTEN Short"en, v. i.

Defn: To become short or shorter; as, the day shortens in northern latitudes from June to December; a metallic rod shortens by cold.

SHORTENER Short"en*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, shortens.

SHORTENING Short"en*ing, n.

1. The act of making or becoming short or shorter.

2. (Cookery)

Defn: That which renders pastry short or friable, as butter, lard, etc.

SHORTHAND Short"hand`, n.

Defn: A compendious and rapid method or writing by substituting characters, abbreviations, or symbols, for letters, words, etc.; short writing; stenography. See Illust. under Phonography.

SHORT-HANDED Short`-hand"ed, a.

Defn: Short of, or lacking the regular number of, servants or helpers.

SHORTHEAD Short"head`, n.

Defn: A sucking whale less than one year old; -- so called by sailors.

SHORTHORN Short"horn`, a.

Defn: One of a breed of large, heavy domestic cattle having short horns. The breed was developed in England.

SHORT-JOINTED Short"-joint`ed, a.

Defn: Having short intervals between the joints; -- said of a plant or an animal, especially of a horse whose pastern is too short.

SHORT-LIVED Short"-lived`, a.

Defn: Not living or lasting long; being of short continuance; as, a short-lived race of beings; short-lived pleasure; short-lived passion.

SHORTLY Short"ly, adv. Etym: [AS. sceortlice.]

1. In a short or brief time or manner; soon; quickly. Chaucer. I shall grow jealous of you shortly. Shak. The armies came shortly in view of each other. Clarendon.

2. In few words; briefly; abruptly; curtly; as, to express ideas more shortly in verse than in prose.

SHORTNESS Short"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being short; want of reach or extension; brevity; deficiency; as, the shortness of a journey; the shortness of the days in winter; the shortness of an essay; the shortness of the memory; a shortness of provisions; shortness of breath.

SHORTSIGHTED Short"sight`ed, a.

1. Not able to see far; nearsighted; myopic. See Myopic, and Myopia.

2. Fig.: Not able to look far into futurity; unable to understand things deep; of limited intellect.

3. Having little regard for the future; heedless. -- Short"sight`ed*ly, adv. -- Short"sight`ed*ness, n. Cunning is a kind of shortsightedness. Addison.

SHORT-SPOKEN Short"-spo`ken, a.

Defn: Speaking in a quick or short manner; hence, gruff; curt. [Colloq.]

SHORTSTOP Short"stop`, n. (Baseball)

Defn: The player stationed in the field bewtween the second and third bases.

SHORT-WAISTED Short"-waist`ed, a.

Defn: Having a short waist.

SHORT-WINDED Short"-wind`ed, a.

Defn: Affected with shortness of breath; having a quick, difficult respiration, as dyspnoic and asthmatic persons. May.

SHORTWING Short"wing`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of small wrenlike Asiatic birds having short wings and a short tail. They belong to Brachypterix, Callene, and allied genera.

SHORT-WITED Short"-wit`ed, a.

Defn: Having little wit; not wise; having scanty intellect or judgment.

SHORY Shor"y, a.

Defn: Lying near the shore. [Obs.]

SHOSHONES Sho*sho"nes, n. pl.; sing. Shoshone (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A linguistic family or stock of North American Indians, comprising many tribes, which extends from Montana and Idaho into Mexico. In a restricted sense the name is applied especially to the Snakes, the most northern of the tribes.

SHOT Shot,

Defn: imp. & p. p. Shoot.

SHOT Shot, a.

Defn: Woven in such a way as to produce an effect of variegation, of changeable tints, or of being figured; as, shot silks. See Shoot, v. t., 8.

SHOT Shot, n. Etym: [AS. scot, sceot, fr. sceótan to shoot; akin to D. sschot, Icel. skot. sq. root159. See Scot a share, Shoot, v. t., and cf. Shot a shooting.]

Defn: A share or proportion; a reckoning; a scot. Here no shots are where all shares be. Chapman. A man is never . . . welcome to a place till some certain shot be paid and the hostess say "Welcome." Shak.

SHOT Shot, n.; pl. Shotor Shots. Etym: [OE. shot, schot, AS. gesceot a missile; akin to D. schot a shot, shoot, G. schuss, geschoss a missile, Icel. skot a throwing, a javelin, and E. shoot, v.t. sq. root159. See Shoot, and cf. Shot a share.]

1. The act of shooting; discharge of a firearm or other weapon which throws a missile. He caused twenty shot of his greatest cannon to be made at the king's army. Clarendon.

2. A missile weapon, particularly a ball or bullet; specifically, whatever is discharged as a projectile from firearms or cannon by the force of an explosive.

Note: Shot used in war is of various kinds, classified according to the material of which it is composed, into lead, wrought-iron, and cast-iron; according to form, into spherical and oblong; according to structure and modes of operation, into solid, hollow, and case. See Bar shot, Chain shot, etc., under Bar, Chain, etc.

3. Small globular masses of lead, of various sizes, -- used chiefly for killing game; as, bird shot; buckshot.

4. The flight of a missile, or the distance which it is, or can be, thrown; as, the vessel was distant more than a cannon shot.

5. A marksman; one who practices shooting; as, an exellent shot. Shot belt, a belt having a pouch or compartment for carrying shot. -- Shot cartridge, a cartridge containing powder and small shot, forming a charge for a shotgun. -- Shot garland (Naut.), a wooden frame to contain shot, secured to the coamings and ledges round the hatchways of a ship. -- Shot gauge, an instrument for measuring the diameter of round shot. Totten. -- shot hole, a hole made by a shot or bullet discharged. -- Shot locker (Naut.), a strongly framed compartment in the hold of a vessel, for containing shot. -- Shot of a cable (Naut.), the splicing of two or more cables together, or the whole length of the cables thus united. -- Shot prop (Naut.), a wooden prop covered with tarred hemp, to stop a hole made by the shot of an enemy in a ship's side. -- Shot tower, a lofty tower for making shot, by dropping from its summit melted lead in slender streams. The lead forms spherical drops which cool in the descent, and are received in water or other liquid. -- Shot window, a window projecting from the wall. Ritson, quoted by Halliwell, explains it as a window that opens and shuts; and Wodrow describes it as a window of shutters made of timber and a few inches of glass above them.

SHOT Shot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shotting.]

Defn: To load with shot, as a gun. Totten.

SHOT-CLOG Shot"-clog`, n.

Defn: A person tolerated only because he pays the shot, or reckoning, for the rest of the company, otherwise a mere clog on them. [Old Slang] Thou common shot-clog, gull of all companies. Chapman.

SHOTE Shote, n. Etym: [AS. sceóta a darting fish, a trout, fr. sceótan. See Shoot, v. t.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish resembling the trout. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Garew.

2. Etym: [Perh. a different word.]

Defn: A young hog; a shoat.

SHOT-FREE Shot"-free`, a.

Defn: Not to be injured by shot; shot-proof. [Obs.] Feltham.

SHOT-FREE Shot"-free`, a.

Defn: Free from charge or expense; hence, unpunished; scot-free. [Obs.] Shak.

SHOTGUN Shot"gun`, n.

Defn: A light, smooth-bored gun, often double-barreled, especially designed for firing small shot at short range, and killing small game.

SHOT-PROOF Shot"-proof`, a.

Defn: Impenetrable by shot.

SHOTS Shots, n. pl.

Defn: The refuse of cattle taken from a drove. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

SHOT SAMPLES Shot samples. (Metal.)

Defn: Samples taken for assay from a molten metallic mass pouring a portion into water, to granulate it.

SHOTTED Shot"ted, a.

1. Loaded with shot.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Having a shot attached; as, a shotten suture.

SHOTTEN Shot"ten, n. Etym: [Properly p. p. of shoot; AS. scoten, sceoten, p. p. of sceótan.]

1. Having ejected the spawn; as, a shotten herring. Shak.

2. Shot out of its socket; dislocated, as a bone.

SHOUGH Shough, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A shockdog.

SHOUGH Shough, interj.