Chapter CDXXXVII: Prologue (88)

Defn: To allege or prove to be of unsound mind, so that the performance of some act may be avoided.

STULTILOQUENCE Stul*til"o*quence, n. Etym: [L. stultiloquentia; stultus foolish + loquentia a talking, fr. loquens, p.pr. of loqui to talk.]

Defn: Silly talk; babbling.

STULTILOQUENT Stul*til"o*quent, a. Etym: [Cf. L. stultiloquus. See Stultiloquence.]

Defn: Given to, or characterized by, silly talk; babbling. -- Stul*til"o*quent*ly, adv.

STULTILOQUY Stul*til"o*quy, n. Etym: [L. stultiloquium.]

Defn: Foolish talk; silly discource; babbling. Jer. Taylor.

STULTY Stul"ty, a. Etym: [L. stultus foolish.]

Defn: Foolish; silly. [Obs.] Testament of Love.

STUM Stum, n. Etym: [D. stom must, new wort, properly, dumb; cf. F. vin muet stum. Cf. Stammer, Stoom.]

1. Unfermented grape juice or wine, often used to raise fermentation in dead or vapid wines; must. Let our wines, without mixture of stum, be all fine. B. Jonson. And with thy stum ferment their fainting cause. Dryden.

2. Wine revived by new fermentation, reulting from the admixture of must. Hudibras.

STUM Stum, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stummed; p. pr. & vb. n. Stumming.]

Defn: To renew, as wine, by mixing must with it and raising a new fermentation. We stum our wines to renew their spirits. Floyer.

STUMBLE Stum"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stumbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Stumbling.] Etym: [OE. stumblen, stomblen; freq. of a word akin to E. stammer. See Stammer.]

1. To trip in walking or in moving in any way with the legs; to strike the foot so as to fall, or to endanger a fall; to stagger because of a false step. There stumble steeds strong and down go all. Chaucer. The way of the wicked is as darkness: they know at what they stumble. Prov. iv. 19.

2. To walk in an unsteady or clumsy manner. He stumbled up the dark avenue. Sir W. Scott.

3. To fall into a crime or an error; to err. He that loveth his brother abideth in the light, and there is none occasion og stumbling in him. 1 John ii. 10.

4. To strike or happen (upon a person or thing) without design; to fall or light by chance; -- with on, upon, or against. Ovid stumbled, by some inadvertency, upon Livia in a bath. Dryden. Forth as she waddled in the brake, A gray goose stumbled on a snake. C. Smart.

STUMBLE Stum"ble, v. t.

1. To cause to stumble or trip.

2. Fig.: To mislead; to confound; to perplex; to cause to err or to fall. False and dazzling fires to stumble men. Milton. One thing more stumbles me in the very foundation of this hypothesis. Locke.

STUMBLE Stum"ble, n.

1. A trip in walking or running.

2. A blunder; a failure; a fall from rectitude. One stumble is enough to deface the character of an honorable life. L'Estrange.

STUMBLER Stum"bler, n.

Defn: One who stumbles.

STUMBLING-BLOCK Stum"bling-block`, n.

Defn: Any cause of stumbling, perplexity, or error. We preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumbling-block, and unto the Greeks foolishness. 1 Cor. i. 23.

STUMBLINGLY Stum"bling*ly, adv.

Defn: In a stumbling manner.

STUMBLING-STONE Stum"bling-stone`, n.

Defn: A stumbling-block. This stumbling-stone we hope to take away. T. Burnet.

STUMP Stump, n. Etym: [OE. stumpe, stompe; akin to D. stomp, G. stumpf, Icel. stumpr, Dan. & Sw. stump, and perhaps also to E. stamp.]

1. The part of a tree or plant remaining in the earth after the stem or trunk is cut off; the stub.

2. The part of a limb or other body remaining after a part is amputated or destroyed; a fixed or rooted remnant; a stub; as, the stump of a leg, a finger, a tooth, or a broom.

3. pl.

Defn: The legs; as, to stir one's stumps. [Slang]

4. (Cricket)

Defn: One of the three pointed rods stuck in the ground to form a wicket and support the bails.

5. A short, thick roll of leather or paper, cut to a point, or any similar implement, used to rub down the lines of a crayon or pencil drawing, in shading it, or for shading drawings by producing tints and gradations from crayon, etc., in powder.

6. A pin in a tumbler lock which forms an obstruction to throwing the bolt, except when the gates of the tumblers are properly arranged, as by the key; a fence; also, a pin or projection in a lock to form a guide for a movable piece. Leg stump (Cricket), the stump nearest to the batsman. -- Off stump (Cricket), the stump farthest from the batsman. -- Stump tracery (Arch.), a term used to describe late German Gothic tracery, in which the molded bar seems to pass through itself in its convolutions, and is then cut off short, so that a section of the molding is seen at the end of each similar stump. -- To go on the stump, or To take the stump, to engage in making public addresses for electioneering purposes; -- a phrase derived from the practice of using a stump for a speaker's platform in newly- settled districts. Hence also the phrases stump orator, stump speaker, stump speech, stump oratory, etc. [Colloq. U.S.]

STUMP Stump, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stumped; p. pr. & vb. n. Stumping.]

1. To cut off a part of; to reduce to a stump; to lop. Around the stumped top soft moss did grow. Dr. H. More.

2. To strike, as the toes, against a stone or something fixed; to stub. [Colloq.]

3. To challenge; also, to nonplus. [Colloq.]

4. To travel over, delivering speeches for electioneering purposes; as, to stump a State, or a district. See To go on the stump, under Stump, n. [Colloq. U.S.]

5. (Cricket) (a) To put (a batsman) out of play by knocking off the bail, or knocking down the stumps of the wicket he is defending while he is off his allotted ground; -- sometimes with out. T. Hughes. (b) To bowl down the stumps of, as, of a wicket. A herd of boys with clamor bowled, And stumped the wicket. Tennyson. To stump it. (a) To go afoot; hence, to run away; to escape. [Slang] Ld. Lytton. (b) To make electioneering speeches. [Colloq. U.S.]

STUMP Stump, v. i.

Defn: To walk clumsily, as if on stumps. To stump up, to pay cash. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

STUMPAGE Stump"age, n.

1. Timber in standing trees, -- often sold without the land at a fixed price per tree or per stump, the stumps being counted when the land is cleared. [Local, U.S.] Only trees above a certain size are allowed to be cut by loggers buying stumpage from the owners of land. C. S. Sargent.

2. A tax on the amount of timber cut, regulated by the price of lumber. [Local, U.S.] The Nation.

STUMPER Stump"er, n.

1. One who stumps.

2. A boastful person. [Slang]

3. A puzzling or incredible story. [Slang, U.S.]

STUMPINESS Stump"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being stumpy.

STUMP-TAILED Stump"-tailed`, a.

Defn: Having a short, thick tail. Stump-tailed lizard (Zoöl.), a singular Australian scincoid lizard (Trachydosaurus rugosus) having a short, thick tail resembling its head in form; -- called also sleeping lizard.

STUMPY Stump"y, a.

1. Full of stumps; hard; strong.

2. Short and thick; stubby. [Colloq.] "A stumpy little man." J. C. Harris.

STUN Stun, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stunned; p. pr. & vb. n. Stunning.] Etym: [OE. stonien, stownien; either fr. AS. stunian to resound (cf. D. stenen to groan, G. stöhnen, Icel. stynja, Gr. stan to thunder, and E. thunder), or from the same source as E. astonish. *168.]

1. To make senseless or dizzy by violence; to render senseless by a blow, as on the head. One hung a poleax at his saddlebow, And one a heavy mace to stun the foe. Dryden.

2. To dull or deaden the sensibility of; to overcome; especially, to overpower one's sense of hearing. And stunned him with the music of the spheres. Pope.

3. To astonish; to overpower; to bewilder. William was quite stunned at my discourse. De Foe.

STUN Stun, n.

Defn: The condition of being stunned.

STUNDIST Stun"dist, n. [Russ. shtundist, prob. fr. G. stunde hour; -- from their meetings for Bible reading.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a large sect of Russian dissenters founded, about 1860, in the village of Osnova, near Odessa, by a peasant, Onishchenko, who had apparently been influenced by a German sect settled near there. They zealously practice Bible reading and reject priestly dominion and all external rites of worship. -- Stun"dism (#), n.

STUNG Stung,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Sting.

STUNK Stunk,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Stink.

STUNNER Stun"ner, n.

1. One who, or that which, stuns.

2. Something striking or amazing in quality; something of extraordinary excellence. [Slang] Thackeray.

STUNNING Stun"ning, a.

1. Overpowering consciousness; overpowering the senses; especially, overpowering the sense of hearing; confounding with noise.

2. Striking or overpowering with astonishment, especially on account of excellence; as, stunning poetry. [Slang] C. Kingsley. -- Stun"ning*ly, adv. [Slang]

STUNSAIL Stun"sail, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A contraction of Studding sail. With every rag set, stunsails, sky scrapers and all. Lowell.

STUNT Stunt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stunted; p. pr. & vb. n. Stunting.] Etym: [See Stint.]

Defn: To hinder from growing to the natural size; to prevent the growth of; to stint, to dwarf; as, to stunt a child; to stunt a plant. When, by a cold penury, I blast the abilities of a nation, and stunt the growth of its active energies, the ill or may do is beyond all calculation. Burke.

STUNT Stunt, n.

1. A check in growth; also, that which has been checked in growth; a stunted animal or thing.

2. Specifically: A whale two years old, which, having been weaned, is lean, and yields but little blubber.

STUNTED Stunt"ed, a.

Defn: Dwarfed. -- Stunt"ed*ness, n.

STUNTNESS Stunt"ness, n.

Defn: Stuntedness; brevity. [R.] Earle.

STUPA Stu"pa (stoo"pa), n. Etym: [Skr. stupa.]

Defn: A mound or monument commemorative of Buddha.

STUPA Stu"pa (stu"pa), n. Etym: [L.] (Med.)

Defn: See 1st Stupe.

STUPE Stupe, n. Etym: [L. stupa, or better stuppa, tow. Cf. Stop, v. t.] (Med.)

Defn: Cloth or flax dipped in warm water or medicaments and applied to a hurt or sore.

STUPE Stupe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stuped; p. pr. & vb. n. Stuping.]

Defn: To foment with a stupe. Wiseman.

STUPE Stupe, n. Etym: [See Stupid.]

Defn: A stupid person. [Obs.]

STUPEFACIENT Stu`pe*fa"cient, a. Etym: [L. stupefaciens, p.pr. of stupefacere to stupefy; stupere to be stupefied + facere to make. Cf. Stupefy.] [Written also stupifacient.]

Defn: Producing stupefaction; stupefactive. -- n. (Med.)

Defn: Anything promoting stupefaction; a narcotic.

STUPEFACTION Stu`pe*fac"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. stupéfaction. See Stupefacient.]

Defn: The act of stupefying, or the state of being stupefied. [Written also stupifaction.] Resistance of the dictates of conscience brings a hardness and stupefaction upon it. South.

STUPEFACTIVE Stu`pe*fac"tive, a. & n. Etym: [Cf. F. stupéfactif, LL. stupefactivus.]

Defn: Same as Stupefacient. [Written also stupifactive.]

STUPEFIED Stu"pe*fied, a.

Defn: Having been made stupid.

STUPEFIEDNESS Stu"pe*fied`ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being stupid.

STUPEFIER Stu"pe*fi`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, stupefies; a stupefying agent.

STUPEFY Stu"pe*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stupefied; p. pr. & vb. n. Stupefying.] Etym: [F. stupéfier, fr. L. stupere to be stupefied + ficare (in comp.) to make, akin to facere. See Stupid, Fact, and cf. Stupefacient.] [Written also stupify, especially in England.]

1. To make stupid; to make dull; to blunt the faculty of perception or understanding in; to deprive of sensibility; to make torpid. The fumes of drink discompose and stupefy the brain. South.

2. To deprive of material mobility. [Obs.] It is not malleable; but yet is not fluent, but stupefied. Bacon.

STUPENDOUS Stu*pen"dous, a. Etym: [L. stupendus astonishing, p. future pass. of stupere to be astonished at. Cf. Stupid.]

Defn: Astonishing; wonderful; amazing; especially, astonishing in magnitude or elevation; as, a stupendous pile. "A stupendous sum." Macaulay. All are but parts of one stupendous whole. Pope. -- Stu*pen"dous*ly, adv. -- Stu*pen"dous*ness, n.

STUPEOUS Stu"pe*ous, a. Etym: [L. stupa, or better stuppa, tow; cf. L. stuppeus made of tow. Cf. Stupose.]

Defn: Resembling tow; having long, loose scales, or matted filaments, like tow; stupose.

STUPID Stu"pid, a. Etym: [L. stupidus, fr. stupere to be stupefied: cf. F. stupide.]

1. Very dull; insensible; senseless; wanting in understanding; heavy; sluggish; in a state of stupor; -- said of persons. O that men . . . should be so stupid grown . . . As to forsake the living God! Milton. With wild surprise, A moment stupid, motionless he stood. Thomson.

2. Resulting from, or evincing, stupidity; formed without skill or genius; dull; heavy; -- said of things. Observe what loads of stupid rhymes Oppress us in corrupted times. Swift.

Syn. -- Simple; insensible; sluggish; senseless; doltish; sottish; dull; heavy; clodpated. -- Stu"pid*ly, adv. -- Stu"pid*ness, n.

STUPIDITY Stu*pid"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. stupiditas: cf. F. stupidité.]

1. The quality or state of being stupid; extreme dullness of perception or understanding; insensibility; sluggishness.

2. Stupor; astonishment; stupefaction. [R.] A stupidity Past admiration strikes me, joined with fear. Chapman.

STUPIFY Stu"pi*fy, v. t.

Defn: See Stupefy.

STUPOR Stu"por, n. Etym: [L., from stupere to be struck senseless.]

1. Great diminution or suspension of sensibility; suppression of sense or feeling; lethargy.

2. Intellectual insensibility; moral stupidity; heedlessness or inattention to one's interests.

STUPOSE Stu*pose, a. Etym: [L. stupa, or better stuppa, tow. Cf. Stupeous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Composed of, or having, tufted or matted filaments like tow; stupeous.

STUPRATE Stu"prate, v. t. Etym: [L. stupratus, p.p. of stuprare to ravish, fr. stuprum defilement.]

Defn: To ravish; to debauch. [R.] Heywood.

STUPRATION Stu*pra"tion, n.

Defn: Violation of chastity by force; rape. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

STUPRUM Stu"prum, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Stupration.

STURB Sturb, v. t.

Defn: To disturb. [Obs.] Chaucer.

STURDILY Stur"di*ly, adv.

Defn: In a sturdy manner.

STURDINESS Stur"di*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being sturdy.

STURDY Stur"dy, a. [Compar. Sturdier; superl. Sturdiest.] Etym: [OE. sturdi inconsiderable, OF. estourdi stunned, giddy, thoughtless, rash, F. étourdi, p.p. of OF. estourdir to stun, to render giddy, to amaze, F. étourdir; of uncertain origin. The sense has probably been influenced by E. stout.]

1. Foolishly obstinate or resolute; stubborn; unrelenting; unfeeling; stern. This sturdy marquis gan his hearte dress To rue upon her wifely steadfastness. Chaucer. This must be done, and I would fain see Mortal so sturdy as to gainsay. Hudibras. A sturdy, hardened sinner shall advance to the utmost pitch of impiety with less reluctance than he took the first steps. Atterbury.

2. Resolute, in a good sense; or firm, unyielding quality; as, a man of sturdy piety or patriotism.

3. Characterized by physical strength or force; strong; lusty; violent; as, a sturdy lout. How bowed the woods beneath their sturdy stroke! Gray.

4. Stiff; stout; strong; as, a sturdy oak. Milton. He was not of any delicate contexture; his limbs rather sturdy than dainty. Sir H. Wotton.

Syn. -- Hardy; stout; strong; firm; robust; stiff.

STURDY Stur"dy, n. Etym: [OF. estourdi giddiness, stupefaction.] (Vet.)

Defn: A disease in sheep and cattle, marked by great nervousness, or by dullness and stupor.

STURGEON Stur"geon, n. Etym: [F. esturgeon, LL. sturio, sturgio, OHG. sturjo, G. stör; akin to AS. styria, styriga.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of large cartilaginous ganoid fishes belonging to Acipenser and allied genera of the family Acipenseridæ. They run up rivers to spawn, and are common on the coasts and in the large rivers and lakes of North America, Europe, and Asia. Caviare is prepared from the roe, and isinglass from the air bladder.

Note: The common North American species are Acipenser sturio of the Atlantic coast region, A. transmontanus of the Pacific coast, and A. rubicundus of the Mississippi River and its tributaries. In Europe, the common species is Acipenser sturio, and other well-known species are the sterlet and the huso. The sturgeons are included in the order Chondrostei. Their body is partially covered by five rows of large, carinated, bony plates, of which one row runs along the back. The tail is heterocercal. The toothless and protrusile mouth is beneath the head, and has four barbels in front. Shovel-nosed sturgeon. (Zoöl.) See Shovelnose (d).

STURIONES Stu`ri*o"nes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from LL. sturio. See Sturgeon.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes including the sturgeons.

STURIONIAN Stu`ri*o"ni*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the family of fishes of which the sturgeon is the type.

STURK Sturk, n.

Defn: See Stirk. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

STURNOID Stur"noid, a. Etym: [L. sturnus a starling + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the starlings.

STURT Sturt, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Start, v. i.]

Defn: To vex; to annoy; to startle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

STURT Sturt, n.

1. Disturbance; annoyance; care. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] "Sturt and care." J. Rolland.

2. (Mining)

Defn: A bargain in tribute mining by which the tributor profits. Raymond.

STURTION Stur"tion, n.

Defn: A corruption of Nasturtion.

STUT Stut, v. i.

Defn: To stutter. [Obs.] Skelton.

STUTTER Stut"ter, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Stuttered; p. pr. & vb. n. Stuttering.] Etym: [Freq. of stut, OE. stoten; probably of Dutch or Low German origin; cf. D. & LG. stotteren, G. stottern, D. stooten to push, to strike; akin to G. stossen, Icel. stauta, Sw. stöta, Dan. stöde, Goth. stautan, L. tundere, Skr. tud to thrust. Cf. Contuse, Obtuse.]

Defn: To hesitate or stumble in uttering words; to speak with spasmodic repetition or pauses; to stammer. Trembling, stuttering, calling for his confessor. Macaulay.

STUTTER Stut"ter, n.

1. The act of stuttering; a stammer. See Stammer, and Stuttering.

2. One who stutters; a stammerer. [Obs.] Bacon.

STUTTERER Stut"ter*er, n.

Defn: One who stutters; a stammerer.

STUTTERING Stut"ter*ing, n.

Defn: The act of one who stutters; -- restricted by some physiologists to defective speech due to inability to form the proper sounds, the breathing being normal, as distinguished from stammering.

STUTTERING Stut"ter*ing, a.

Defn: Apt to stutter; hesitating; stammering. -- Stut"ter*ing*ly, adv.

STY Sty, n.; pl. Sties (. [Written also stigh.] Etym: [AS. stigu, fr. stigan to rise; originally, probably, a place into which animals climbed or went up. *164. See Sty, v. i., and cf. Steward.]

1. A pen or inclosure for swine.

2. A place of bestial debauchery. To roll with pleasure in a sensual sty. Milton.

STY Sty, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stied; p. pr. & vb. n. Stying.]

Defn: To shut up in, or as in, a sty. Shak.

STY Sty, v. i. Etym: [OE. stien, sti, AS. stigan to rise; akin to D. stijgen, OS. & OHG. stigan, G. steigen, Icel. stiga, Sw. stiga, Dan. stige, Goth. steigan, L. vestigium footstep, Gr. stigh to mount. Cf. Distich, Stair steps, Stirrup, Sty a boil, a pen for swine, Vestige.]

Defn: To soar; to ascend; to mount. See Stirrup. [Obs.] With bolder wing shall dare aloft to sty, To the last praises of this Faery Queene. Spenser.

STY Sty, n. Etym: [For older styan, styanye, understood as sty on eye, AS. stigend (sc. eáge eye), properly, rising, or swelling (eye), p.p. of stigan to rise. See Sty, v. i.] (Med.)

Defn: An inflamed swelling or boil on the edge of the eyelid. [Written also stye.]

STYAN Sty"an, n.

Defn: See Sty, a boil. [R.] De quincey.

STYCA Sty"ca, n. Etym: [LL., fr. AS. stic, styc, stycge.]

Defn: An anglo-Saxon copper coin of the lowest value, being worth half a farthing. S. M. Leake.

STYCERIN Sty"cer*in, n. Etym: [Styryl + glycerin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A triacid alcohol, related to glycerin, and obtained from certain styryl derivatives as a yellow, gummy, amorphous substance; - - called also phenyl glycerin.

STYE Stye, n.

Defn: See Sty, a boil.

STYGIAL Styg"i*al, a.

Defn: Stygian. [R.] Skelton.

STYGIAN Styg"i*an, a. Etym: [L. Stygius, fr. Styx, Stygis, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the river Styx; hence, hellish; infernal. See Styx. At that so sudden blaze, the Stygian throng Bent their aspect. Milton.

STYLAGALMAIC Sty`la*gal*ma"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: Performing the office of columns; as, Atlantes and Caryatides are stylagalmaic figures or images. [Written also stylogalmaic.]

STYLAR Sty"lar, a.

Defn: See Stilar.

STYLASTER Sty*las"ter, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of delicate, usually pink, calcareous hydroid corals of the genus Stylaster.

STYLE Style, n. Etym: [OE. stile, F. style, Of. also stile, L. stilus a style or writing instrument, manner or writing, mode of expression; probably for stiglus, meaning, a pricking instrument, and akin to E. stick. See Stick, v. t., and cf. Stiletto. The spelling with y is due to a supposed connection with Gr.

1. An instrument used by the ancients in writing on tablets covered with wax, having one of its ends sharp, and the other blunt, and somewhat expanded, for the purpose of making erasures by smoothing the wax.

2. Hence, anything resembling the ancient style in shape or use. Specifically: -- (a) A pen; an author's pen. Dryden. (b) A sharp-pointed tool used in engraving; a graver. (c) A kind of blunt-pointed surgical instrument. (d) (Zoöl.) A long, slender, bristlelike process, as the anal styles of insects. (e) Etym: [Perhaps fr. Gr.

Defn: The pin, or gnomon, of a dial, the shadow of which indicates the hour. See Gnomon. (f) Etym: [Probably fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The elongated part of a pistil between the ovary and the stigma. See Illust. of Stamen, and of Pistil.

3. Mode of expressing thought in language, whether oral or written; especially, such use of language in the expression of thought as exhibits the spirit and faculty of an artist; choice or arrangement of words in discourse; rhetorical expression. High style, as when that men to kinges write. Chaucer. Style is the dress of thoughts. Chesterfield. Proper words in proper places make the true definition of style. Swift. It is style alone by which posterity will judge of a great work. I. Disraeli.

4. Mode of presentation, especially in music or any of the fine arts; a characteristic of peculiar mode of developing in idea or accomplishing a result. The ornamental style also possesses its own peculiar merit. Sir J. Reynolds.

5. Conformity to a recognized standard; manner which is deemed elegant and appropriate, especially in social demeanor; fashion. According to the usual style of dedications. C. Middleton.

6. Mode or phrase by which anything is formally designated; the title; the official designation of any important body; mode of address; as, the style of Majesty. One style to a gracious benefactor, another to a proud, insulting foe. Burke.

7. (Chron.)

Defn: A mode of reckoning time, with regard to the Julian and Gregorian calendars.

Note: Style is Old or New. The Old Style follows the Julian manner of computing the months and days, or the calendar as established by Julius Cæsar, in which every fourth year consists of 366 days, and the other years of 365 days. This is about 11 minutes in a year too much. Pope Georgy XIII. reformed the calendar by retrenching 10 days in October, 1582, in order to bring back the vernal equinox to the same day as at the time of the Council of Nice, A.D. 325. This reformation was adopted by act of the British Parliament in 1751, by which act 11 days in September, 1752, were retrenched, and the third day was reckoned the fourteenth. This mode of reckoning is called New Style, according to which every year divisible by 4, unless it is divisible by 100 without being divisible by 400, has 366 days, and any other year 365 days. Style of court, the practice or manner observed by a court in its proceedings. Ayliffe.

Syn. -- Diction; phraseology; manner; course; title. See Diction.

STYLE Style, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Styled; p. pr. & vb. n. Styling.]

Defn: To entitle; to term, name, or call; to denominate. "Styled great conquerors." Milton. How well his worth and brave adventures styled. Dryden.

Syn. -- To call; name; denominate; designate; term; characterize.

STYLET Sty"let, n. Etym: [F., dim. of style; cf. It. stiletto. See Stiletto.]

Defn: A small poniard; a stiletto.

2. (Surg.) (a) An instrument for examining wounds and fistulas, and for passing setons, and the like; a probe, -- called also specillum. (b) A stiff wire, inserted in catheters or other tubular instruments to maintain their shape and prevent clogging.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any small, more or less rigid, bristlelike organ; as, the caudal stylets of certain insects; the ventral stylets of certain Infusoria.

STYLIFEROUS Sty*lif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Style + -ferous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing one or more styles.

STYLIFORM Sty"li*form, a. Etym: [Style + -form: cf. F. styliforme.]

Defn: Having the form of, or resembling, a style, pin, or pen; styloid.

STYLISH Styl"ish, a.

Defn: Having style or artistic quality; given to, or fond of, the display of style; highly fashionable; modish; as, a stylish dress, house, manner. -- Styl"ish*ly, adv. -- Styl"ish*ness, n.

STYLIST Styl"ist, n.

Defn: One who is a master or a model of style, especially in writing or speaking; a critic of style. Distinguished as a stylist, for ease. Fitzed. Hall.

STYLISTIC Sty*lis"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to style in language. [R.] "Stylistic trifles." J. A. Symonds. The great stylistic differences in the works ascribed to him [Wyclif]. G. P. Marsh.

STYLITE Sty"lite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a sect of anchorites in the early church, who lived on the tops of pillars for the exercise of their patience; -- called also pillarist and pillar saint.

STYLO- Sty"lo-.

Defn: A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with, or relation to, the styloid process of the temporal bone; as, stylohyal, stylomastoid, stylomaxillary.

STYLOBATE Sty"lo*bate, n. Etym: [L. stylobates, stylobata, Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: The uninterrupted and continuous flat band, coping, or pavement upon which the bases of a row of columns are supported. See Sub-base.

STYLOGLOSSAL Sty`lo*glos"sal, a. Etym: [Stylo- + glossal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to styloid process and the tongue.

STYLOGRAPH Sty"lo*graph, n.

Defn: A stylographic pen.

STYLOGRAPHIC Sty`lo*graph"ic, a.

1. Of or pertaining to stylography; used in stylography; as, stylographic tablets.

2. Pertaining to, or used in, stylographic pen; as, stylographic ink. Stylographic pen, a pen with a conical point like that of a style, combined with a reservoir for supplying it with ink. -- Stylographic pencil, a pencil used in stylography.

STYLOGRAPHICAL Sty`lo*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Same as Stylographic, 1. -- Sty`lo*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

STYLOGRAPHY Sty*log"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Style + -graphy.]

Defn: A mode of writing or tracing lines by means of a style on cards or tablets.

STYLOHYAL Sty`lo*hy"al, n. Etym: [Stylo- + the Gr. letter (Anat.)

Defn: A segment in the hyoidean arch between the epihyal and tympanohyal.

STYLOHYOID Sty`lo*hy"oid, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the styloid process and the hyoid bone.

STYLOID Sty"loid, a. Etym: [Style + -oid: cf. F. styloïde, Gr.

1. Styliform; as, the styloid process.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the styloid process. Styloid process (Anat.), a long and slender process from the lower side of the temporal bone of man, corresponding to the tympanohyal and stylohyal of other animals.

STYLOMASTOID Sty`lo*mas"toid, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone.

STYLOMAXILLARY Sty`lo*max"il*la*ry, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the styloid process and the maxilla.

STYLOMETER Sty*lom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring columns.

STYLOMMATA Sty*lom"ma*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: Same as Stylommatophora.

STYLOMMATOPHORA Sty*lom`ma*toph"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Pulmonata in which the eyes are situated at the tips of the tentacles. It includes the common land snails and slugs. See Illust. under Snail.

STYLOMMATOPHOROUS Sty*lom`ma*toph"o*rous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to Stylommatophora.

STYLOPODIUM Sty`lo*po"di*um, n.; pl. Stylopodia. Etym: [NL. See Style, and Podium.] (Bot.)

Defn: An expansion at the base of the style, as in umbelliferous plants.

STYLOPS Sty"lops, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of minute insects parasitic, in their larval state, on bees and wasps. It is the typical genus of the group Strepsiptera, formerly considered a distinct order, but now generally referred to the Coleoptera. See Strepsiptera.

STYLUS Sty"lus, n. Etym: [L. stylus, or better stilus.]

Defn: An instrument for writing. See Style, n., 1. That needle-shaped part at the tip of the playing arm of phonograph which sits in the groove of a phonograph record while it is turning, to detect the undulations in the phonograph groove and convert them into vibrations which are transmitted to a system (since 1920 electronic) which converts the signal into sound; also called needle. The stylus is frequently composed of metal or diamond. 3. The needle-like device used to cut the grooves which record the sound on the original disc during recording of a phonograph record. 4. (Computers)

Defn: A pen-shaped pointing device used to specify the cursor position on a graphics tablet.

STYMIE; STIMY Sty"mie, n. Also Sti"my. [Orig. uncertain.] (Golf)

Defn: The position of two balls on the putting green such that, being more than six inches apart, one ball lies directly between the other and the hole at which the latter must be played; also, the act of bringing the balls into this position.

STYMIE; STIMY Sty"mie, v. t. Also Sti"my. (Golf)

Defn: To bring into the position of, or impede by, a stymie.

STYPHNATE Styph"nate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of styphnic acid.

STYPHNIC Styph"nic, a. Etym: [Gr. (spurious) sty`fein to contract.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a yellow crystalline astringent acid, (NO2)3.C6H.(OH)2, obtained by the action of nitric acid on resorcin. Styphnic acid resembles picric acid, but is not bitter. It acts like a strong dibasic acid, having a series of well defined salts.

STYPTIC Styp"tic, a. Etym: [L. stypticus, Gr.

Defn: Producing contraction; stopping bleeding; having the quality of restraining hemorrhage when applied to the bleeding part; astringent. [Written also stiptic.] Styptic weed (Bot.), an American leguminous herb (Cassia occidentalis) closely related to the wild senna.

STYPTIC Styp"tic, n. (Med.)

Defn: A styptic medicine.

STYPTICAL Styp"tic*al, a.

Defn: Styptic; astringent.

STYPTICITY Styp*tic"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. stypticité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being styptic; astringency.

STYRACIN Styr"a*cin, n. Etym: [See Styrax.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline tasteless substance extracted from gum storax, and consisting of a salt of cinnamic acid with cinnamic alcohol.

STYRAX Sty"rax, n. Etym: [L. styrax, storax, Gr. Storax.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs and trees, mostly American or Asiatic, abounding in resinous and aromatic substances. Styrax officinalis yields storax, and S. Benzoin yields benzoin.

2. Same as Storax.

STYROL Sty"rol, n. Etym: [Styrax + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Styrolene.

STYROLENE Sty"ro*lene, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C8H8, obtained by the distillation of storax, by the decomposition of cinnamic acid, and by the condensation of acetylene, as a fragrant, aromatic, mobile liquid; -- called also phenyl ethylene, vinyl benzene, styrol, styrene, and cinnamene.

STYRONE Sty"rone, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline substance having a sweet taste and a hyacinthlike odor, obtained by the decomposition of styracin; -- properly called cinnamic, or styryl, alcohol.

STYRYL Sty"ryl, n. Etym: [Styrax + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hypothetical radical found in certain derivatives of styrolene and cinnamic acid; -- called also cinnyl, or cinnamyl.

STYTHE Stythe, n. (Mining)

Defn: Choke damp.

STYTHY Styth"y, n. & v.

Defn: See Stithy.

STYX Styx, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: The principal river of the lower world, which had to be crossed in passing to the regions of the dead.

SUABILITY Su`a*bil"i*ty, n. (Law)

Defn: Liability to be sued; the state of being subjected by law to civil process.

SUABLE Su"a*ble, a. (Law)

Defn: Capable of being sued; subject by law to be called to answer in court. Story.

SUADE Suade, v. t. Etym: [L. suadere.]

Defn: To persuade. [Obs.]

SUADIBLE Suad"i*ble, a. Etym: [L. suadibilis.]

Defn: Suasible. [Obs.] Wyclif (James iii. 17).

SUAGE Suage, v. t.

Defn: To assuage. [Obs.] Dryden.

SUANT Su"ant, a. Etym: [Cf. Sue to pursue.]

Defn: Spread equally over the surface; uniform; even. [Written also suent.] [Local, U.S. & Prov. Eng.] -- Su"ant*ly, adv. [Local, U.S. & Prov. Eng.]

SUASIBLE Sua"si*ble, a. Etym: [L. suadere, suasum, to persuade.]

Defn: Capable of being persuaded; easily persuaded.

SUASION Sua"sion, n. Etym: [L. suasio, fr. suadere, suasum, to advise, persuade, fr. suadus persuading, persuasive; akin to suavis sweet: cf. OF. suasion. See Suave, and cf. Dissuade, Persuade.]

Defn: The act of persuading; persuasion; as, moral suasion.

SUASIVE Sua"sive, a.

Defn: Having power to persuade; persuasive; suasory. South. "Genial and suasive satire." Earle. -- Sua"sive*ly, adv.

SUASORY Sua"so*ry, a. Etym: [L. suasorius: cf. F. suasoire.]

Defn: Tending to persuade; suasive.

SUAVE Suave, a. Etym: [L. suavis sweet, pleasant: cf. F. suave. See Sweet, and cf. Suasion.]

Defn: Sweet; pleasant; delightful; gracious or agreeable in manner; bland. -- Suave"ly, adv.

SUAVIFY Suav"i*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suavified; p. pr. & vb. n. Suavifying.] Etym: [Suave + -fy.]

Defn: To make affable or suave.

SUAVILOQUENT Sua*vil"o*quent, a. Etym: [L. suaviloquens; suavis sweet + loquens, p.pr. of loqui to speak.]

Defn: Sweetly speaking; using agreeable speech. [R.]

SUAVILOQUY Sua*vil"o*quy, n. Etym: [L. suaviloquium.]

Defn: Sweetness of speech. [R.]

SUAVITY Suav"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. suavitas: cf. F. suavité.]

1. Sweetness to the taste. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

2. The quality of being sweet or pleasing to the mind; agreeableness; softness; pleasantness; gentleness; urbanity; as, suavity of manners; suavity of language, conversation, or address. Glanvill.

SUB- Sub-. Etym: [L. sub under, below; akin to Gr. upa to, on, under, over. Cf. Hypo-, Super-.]

1. A prefix signifying under, below, beneath, and hence often, in an inferior position or degree, in an imperfect or partial state, as in subscribe, substruct, subserve, subject, subordinate, subacid, subastringent, subgranular, suborn. Sub- in Latin compounds often becomes sum- before m, sur before r, and regularly becomes suc-, suf- , sug-, and sup- before c, f, g, and p respectively. Before c, p, and t it sometimes takes form sus- (by the dropping of b from a collateral form, subs-).

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A prefix denoting that the ingredient (of a compound) signified by the term to which it is prefixed,is present in only a small proportion, or less than the normal amount; as, subsulphide, suboxide, etc. Prefixed to the name of a salt it is equivalent to basic; as, subacetate or basic acetate. [Obsoles.]

SUB Sub, n.

Defn: A subordinate; a subaltern. [Colloq.]

SUBACETATE Sub*ac"e*tate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An acetate containing an excess of the basic constituent.

SUBACID Sub*ac"id, a. Etym: [L. subacidus. See Sub-, Acid.]

Defn: Moderately acid or sour; as, some plants have subacid juices. -- n.

Defn: A substance moderately acid.

SUBACRID Sub*ac"rid, a.

Defn: Moderalely acrid or harsh.

SUBACROMIAL Sub`a*cro"mi*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated beneath the acromial process of the scapula.

SUBACT Sub*act", v. t. Etym: [L. subactus, p.p. of subigere to subdue; sub under + agere to lead, bring.]

Defn: To reduce; to subdue. [Obs.] Bacon.

SUBACTION Sub*ac"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. L. subactio a working up, discipline.]

Defn: The act of reducing to any state, as of mixing two bodies combletely. [Obs.] Bacon.

SUBACUTE Sub`a*cute", a.

Defn: Moderalely acute.

SUBADUNCATE Sub`a*dun"cate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Somewhat hooked or curved.

SUBADVOCATE Sub*ad"vo*cate, n.

Defn: An under or subordinate advocate.

SUBAERIAL Sub`a*ë"ri*al, a.

Defn: Beneath the sky; in the open air; specifically (Geol.), taking place on the earth's surface, as opposed to subaqueous.

SUBAGENCY Sub*a"gen*cy, n.

Defn: A subordinate agency.

SUBAGENT Sub*a"gent, n. (Law)

Defn: A person employed by an agent to transact the whole, or a part, of the business intrusted to the latter. Bouvier. Chitty.

SUBAGITATION Sub*ag`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. subagitatio, fr. subagitare to lie with illicity.]

Defn: Unlawful sexual intercourse. [Obs.]

SUBAH Su"bah, n. Etym: [Per. & Hinf. s.]

Defn: A province; a government, as of a viceroy; also, a subahdar. [India]

SUBAHDAR Su"bah*dar, n. Etym: [Per. & Hinf. s, Per. s a province + dar holding, keeping.]

Defn: A viceroy; a governor of a subah; also, a native captain in the British native army. [India]

SUBAHDARY; SUBAHSHIP Su"bah*dar`y, Su"bah*ship, n.

Defn: The office or jurisdiction of a subahdar.

SUBAID Sub*aid", v. t.

Defn: To aid secretly; to assist in a private manner, or indirectly. [R.] Daniel.

SUBALMONER Sub*al"mon*er, n.

Defn: An under almoner.

SUBALPINE Sub*al"pine, a. Etym: [L. subalpinus.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Inhabiting the somewhat high slopes and summits of mountains, but considerably below the snow line.

SUBALTERN Sub*al"tern, a. Etym: [F. subalterne, LL. subalternus, fr. L. sub under + alter the one, the other of two. See Alter.]

1. Ranked or ranged below; subordinate; inferior; specifically (Mil.), ranking as a junior officer; being below the rank of captain; as, a subaltern officer.

2. (Logic)

Defn: Asserting only a part of what is asserted in a related proposition. Subaltern genus. (Logic) See under Genus.

SUBALTERN Sub*al"tern, n.

1. A person holding a subordinate position; specifically, a commissioned military officer below the rank of captain.

2. (Logic)

Defn: A subaltern proposition. Whately.

SUBALTERNANT Sub`al*ter"nant, n. (Logic)

Defn: A universal proposition. See Subaltern, 2. Whately.

SUBALTERNATE Sub`al*ter"nate, a.

1. Succeeding by turns; successive.

2. Subordinate; subaltern; inferior. All their subalternate and several kinds. Evelyn.

SUBALTERNATE Sub`al*ter"nate, n. (Logic)

Defn: A particular proposition, as opposed to a universal one. See Subaltern, 2.

SUBALTERNATING Sub*al"ter*na`ting, a.

Defn: Subalternate; successive.

SUBALTERNATION Sub*al"ter*na`tion, n.

Defn: The state of being subalternate; succession of turns; subordination.

SUBANGULAR Sub*an"gu*lar, a.

Defn: Slightly angular.

SUBAPENNINE Sub*ap"en*nine, a.

Defn: Under, or at the foot of, the Apennine mountains; -- applied, in geology, to a series of Tertiary strata of the older Pliocene period.

SUBAPICAL Sub*ap"ic*al, a.

Defn: Being under the apex; of or pertaining to the part just below the apex.

SUBAQUANEOUS Sub`a*qua"ne*ous, a. Etym: [L. subaquaneus; sub + aqua water.]

Defn: Subaqueous. [Obs.]

SUBAQUATIC; SUBAQUEOUS Sub`a*quat"ic, Sub*a"que*ous, a.

1. Being under water, or beneath the surface of water; adapted for use under water; submarine; as, a subaqueous helmet.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Formed in or under water; as, subaqueous deposits.

SUBARACHNOID; SUBARACHNOIDAL Sub`a*rach"noid, Sub*ar`ach*noid"al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the arachnoid membrane.

SUBARCTIC Sub*arc"tic, a.

Defn: Approximately arctic; belonging to a region just without the arctic circle.

SUBARCUATE; SUBARCUATED Sub*ar"cu*ate, Sub*ar"cu*a`ted, a.

Defn: Having a figure resembling that of a bow; somewhat curved or arched.

SUBARRATION Sub`ar*ra"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. sub- + L. arra, arrha, earnest money. See Earnest a pledge.]

Defn: The ancient custom of betrothing by the bestowal, on the part of the man, of marriage gifts or tokens, as money, rings, or other presents, upon the woman.

SUBARYTENOID Sub`a*ryt"e*noid, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the arytenoid cartilage of the larynx.

SUBASTRAL Sub*as"tral, a.

Defn: Beneath the stars or heavens; terrestrial. Bp. Warburton.

SUBASTRINGENT Sub`as*trin"gent, a.

Defn: Somewhat astringent.

SUBATOM Sub*at"om, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A hypothetical component of a chemical atom, on the theory that the elements themselves are complex substances; -- called also atomicule.

SUBAUD Sub*aud", v. t. Etym: [L. subaudire, subauditum; sub under + audire to hear.]

Defn: To understand or supply in an ellipsis. [R.]

SUBAUDITION Sub`au*di"tion, n. Etym: [L. subauditio.]

Defn: The act of understanding, or supplying, something not expressed; also, that which is so understood or supplied. Trench.

SUBAXILLARY Sub*ax"il*la*ry, a.

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the axilla, or armpit.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Placed under the axil, or angle formed by the branch of a plant with the stem, or a leaf with the branch.

SUBBASAL Sub*ba"sal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Near the base.

SUB-BASE Sub"-base`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: The lowest member of a base when divided horizontally, or of a baseboard, pedestal, or the like.

SUB-BASS Sub"-bass`, n. (Mus.)

Defn: The deepest pedal stop, or the lowest tones of an organ; the fundamental or ground bass. [Written also sub-base.] Ayliffe.

SUBBEADLE Sub*bea"dle, n.

Defn: An under beadle.

SUBBRACHIAL Sub*brach"i*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the subbrachians.

SUBBRACHIALES Sub*brach`i*a"les, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Sub-, and Brachial.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of soft-finned fishes in which the ventral fins are situated beneath the pectorial fins, or nearly so.

SUBBRACHIAN Sub*brach"i*an, n. Etym: [Pref. sub- + brachium.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Subbrachiales.

SUBBREED Sub"breed`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A race or strain differing in certain characters from the parent breed; an incipient breed.

SUBBRONCHIAL Sub*bron"chi*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the bronchi; as, the subbronchial air sacs of birds.

SUBCALIBER Sub*cal"i*ber, a.

Defn: Smaller than the caliber of a firearm. [Written also subcalibre.] Subcaliber projectile, a projectile having a smaller diameter than the caliber of the arm from which it is fired, and to which it is fitted by means of a sabot. Knight.

SUBCARBONATE Sub*car"bon*ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A carbonate containing an excess of the basic constituent.

SUBCARBONIFEROUS Sub*car`bon*if"er*ous, a. (Geol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the lowest division of the Carboniferous formations underlying the proper coal measures. It was a marine formation characterized in general by beds of limestone. -- n.

Defn: The Subcarboniferous period or formation.

SUBCARBURETED Sub*car"bu*ret`ed, a. (Chem.)

Defn: United with, or containing, carbon in less than the normal proportion. [Written also subcarburetted.] [Obsoles.]

SUBCARTILAGINOUS Sub*car`ti*lag"i*nous, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated under or beneath a cartilage or cartilages. (b) Partially cartilaginous.

SUBCAUDAL Sub*cau"dal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the tail; as, the subcaudal, or chevron, bones.

SUBCELESTIAL Sub`ce*les"tial, a.

Defn: Being beneath the heavens; as, subcelestial glories. Barrow.

SUBCELLAR Sub*cel"lar, n.

Defn: A cellar beneath another story wholly or partly underground; usually, a cellar under a cellar.

SUBCENTRAL Sub*cen"tral, a.

1. Under the center.

2. Nearly central; not quite central.

SUBCHANTER Sub*chant"er, n. (Eccl.)

Defn: An underchanter; a precentor's deputy in a cathedral; a succentor.

SUBCIRCULAR Sub*cir"cu*lar, a.

Defn: Nearly circular.

SUBCLASS Sub"class`, n.

Defn: One of the natural groups, more important than an order, into which some classes are divided; as, the angiospermous subclass of exogens.

SUBCLAVIAN Sub*cla"vi*an, a. Etym: [Pref. sub- + L. clavis a key. See Clavicle.] (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the clavicle, or collar bone; as, the subclavian arteries.

SUBCOLUMNAR Sub`co*lum"nar, a. (Geol.)

Defn: Having an imperfect or interrupted columnar structure.

SUBCOMMITTEE Sub`com*mit"tee, n.

Defn: An under committee; a part or division of a committee. Yet by their sequestrators and subcommittees abroad . . . those orders were commonly disobeyed. Milton.

SUBCOMPRESSED Sub`com*pressed", a.

Defn: Not fully compressed; partially or somewhat compressed.

SUBCONCAVE Sub*con"cave, a.

Defn: Slightly concave. Owen.

SUBCONFORMABLE Sub`con*form"a*ble, a.

Defn: Partially conformable.

SUBCONICAL Sub*con"ic*al, a.

Defn: Slightly conical.

SUBCONJUNCTIVAL Sub*con`junc*ti"val, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the conjunctiva.

SUBCONSCIOUS Sub*con"scious, a.

1. Occurring without the possibility or the fact of an attendant consciousness; -- said of states of the soul.

2. Partially conscious; feebly conscious.

SUBCONSCIOUSNESS Sub*con"scious*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being subconscious; a state of mind in which perception and other mental processes occur without distinct consciousness.

SUBCONSTELLATION Sub*con`stel*la"tion, n. (Astron.)

Defn: A subordinate constellation. Sir T. Browne.

SUBCONTRACT Sub*con"tract, n.

Defn: A contract under, or subordinate to, a previous contract.

SUBCONTRACTED Sub`con*tract"ed, a.

1. Contracted after a former contract.

2. Betrothed for the second time. [Obs.] Shak.

SUBCONTRACTOR Sub`con*tract"or, n.

Defn: One who takes a portion of a contract, as for work, from the principal contractor.

SUBCONTRARY Sub*con"tra*ry, a.

1. Contrary in an inferior degree.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: Having, or being in, a contrary order; -- said of a section of an oblique cone having a circular base made by a plane not parallel to the base, but so inclined to the axis that the section is a circle; applied also to two similar triangles when so placed as to have a common angle at the vertex, the opposite sides not being parallel. Brande & C.

3. (Logic)

Defn: Denoting the relation of opposition between the particular affirmative and particular negative. Of these both may be true and only one can be false.

SUBCONTRARY Sub*con"tra*ry, n.; pl. Subcontraries (. (Logic)

Defn: A subcontrary proposition; a proposition inferior or contrary in a lower degree.

SUBCORACOID Sub*cor"a*coid, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the coracoid process of the scapula; as, the subcoracoid dislocation of the humerus.

SUBCORDATE Sub*cor"date, a.

Defn: Somewhat cordate; somewhat like a heart in shape.

SUBCORNEOUS Sub*cor"ne*ous, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated under a horny part or layer. (b) Partially horny.

SUBCOSTAL Sub*cos"tal, a. (Anat. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Situated below the costas, or ribs; as, the subcostal muscles.

Note: The subcostal muscles are distinct from, and within, the intercostal.

SUBCOSTAL Sub*cos"tal, n.

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A subcostal muscle.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the principal nervures of the wings of an insect. It is situated next beneath or behind the costal. See Nervure.

SUBCRANIAL Sub*cra"ni*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the cranium; facial.

SUBCRUSTACEOUS Sub`crus*ta"ceous, a.

Defn: Occurring beneath a crust or scab; as, a subcrustaceous cicatrization.

SUBCRYSTALLINE Sub*crys"tal*line, a.

Defn: Imperfectly crystallized.

SUBCULTRATE; SUBCULTRATED Sub*cul"trate, Sub*cul"tra*ted, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a form resembling that of a colter, or straight on one side and curved on the other.

SUBCUTANEOUS Sub`cu*ta"ne*ous, a.

Defn: Situated under the skin; hypodermic. -- Sub`cu*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv. Subcutaneous operation (Surg.), an operation performed without opening that part of the skin opposite to, or over, the internal section.

SUBCUTICULAR Sub`cu*tic"u*lar, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the cuticle, or scarfskin.

SUBCYLINDRICAL; SUBCYLINDRIC Sub`cy*lin"dric*al, Sub`cy*lin"dric, a.

Defn: Imperfectly cylindrical; approximately cylindrical.

SUBDEACON Sub*dea"con, n. Etym: [Pref. sub- + deacon: cf. L. subdiaconus.] (Eccl.)

Defn: One belonging to an order in the Roman Catholic Church, next interior to the order of deacons; also, a member of a minor order in the Greek Church.

SUBDEACONRY; SUBDEACONSHIP Sub*dea"con*ry, Sub*dea"con*ship, n. (Eccl.)

Defn: The order or office of subdeacon.

SUBDEAN Sub"dean`, n. Etym: [Pref. sub- + dean: cf. F. sousdoyen.]

Defn: An under dean; the deputy or substitute of a dean. Ayliffe.

SUBDEANERY Sub*dean"er*y, n.

Defn: Office or rank of subdean.

SUBDECANAL Sub*dec"a*nal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a subdean or subdeanery.

SUBDECUPLE Sub*dec"u*ple, a.

Defn: Containing one part of ten.

SUBDELEGATE Sub*del"e*gate, n.

Defn: A subordinate delegate, or one with inferior powers.

SUBDELEGATE Sub*del"e*gate, v. t.

Defn: To appoint to act as subdelegate, or as a subordinate; to depete.

SUBDENTED Sub*dent"ed, a.

Defn: Indented beneath.

SUBDEPARTMENT Sub`de*part"ment, n.

Defn: A subordinate department; a bureau. See the Note under Bureau.

SUBDEPOSIT Sub`de*pos"it, n.

Defn: That which is deposited beneath something else.

SUBDERISORIOUS Sub`der*i*so"ri*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. sub- + L. derisorius. See Derisory.]

Defn: Ridiculing with moderation. [R.] Dr. H. More.

SUBDERIVATIVE Sub`de*riv"a*tive, n.

Defn: A word derived from a derivative, and not directly from the root; as, "friendliness" is a subderivative, being derived from "friendly", which is in turn a derivative from "friend."

SUBDIACONATE Sub`di*ac"o*nate, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a subdeacon, or to the office or rank of a subdeacon.

SUBDIACONATE Sub`di*ac"o*nate, n.

Defn: The office or rank of a subdeacon.

SUBDIAL Sub*di"al, a. Etym: [L. subdialis in the open air.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the open air; being under the open sky. [R.] N. Bacon.

SUBDIALECT Sub*di"a*lect, n.

Defn: A subordinate dialect.

SUBDICHOTOMY Sub`di*chot"o*my, n.

Defn: A subordinate, or inferior, division into parts; a subdivision. [R.] Many subdichatomies of petty schisms. Milton.

SUBDILATED Sub`di*lat"ed, a.

Defn: Partially dilated.

SUBDITITIOUS Sub`di*ti"tious, a. Etym: [L. subdititius, subditicius, fr. subdere to substitute.]

Defn: Put secretly in the place of something else; foisted in. [R.]

SUBDIVERSIFY Sub`di*ver"si*fy, v. t.

Defn: To diversify aggain what is already diversified. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

SUBDIVIDE Sub`di*vide", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subdivided; p. pr. & vb. n. Subdividing.] Etym: [L. subdividere, sub under + dividere to divide. See Divide.]

Defn: To divide the parts of (anything) into more parts; to part into smaller divisions; to divide again, as what has already been divided. The progenies of Cham and Japhet swarmed into colonies, and those colonies were subdivided into many others. Dryden.

SUBDIVIDE Sub`di*vide", v. i.

Defn: To be, or to become, subdivided.

SUBDIVINE Sub`di*vine", a.

Defn: Partaking of divinity; divine in a partial or lower degree. Bp. Hall.

SUBDIVISIBLE Sub`di*vis"i*ble, a.

Defn: Susceptible of subdivision.

SUBDIVISION Sub`di*vi"sion, n. Etym: [L. subdivisio: cf. F. subdivision.]

1. The act of subdividing, or separating a part into smaller parts.

2. A part of a thing made by subdividing. In the decimal table, the subdivision of the cubit, as span, palm, and digit, are deduced from the shorter cubit. Arbuthnot.

SUBDOLOUS Sub"do*lous, a. Etym: [L. subdolus, sub + dolus deceit.]

Defn: Sly; crafty; cunning; artful. [R.]

SUBDOMINANT Sub*dom"i*nant, n. (Mus.)

Defn: The fourth tone above, or fifth below, the tonic; -- so called as being under the dominant.

SUBDUABLE Sub*du"a*ble, a.

Defn: Able to be subdued.

SUBDUAL Sub*du"al, n.

Defn: Act of subduing. Bp. Warburton.

SUBDUCE; SUBDUCT Sub*duce", Sub*duct", v. t. Etym: [L. subducere, subductum; sub under + ducere to lead, to draw. See Duke, and cf. Subdue.]

1. To withdraw; to take away. Milton.

2. To subtract by arithmetical operation; to deduct. If, out of that infinite multitude of antecedent generations, we should subduce ten. Sir M. Hale.

SUBDUCTION Sub*duc"tion, n. Etym: [L. subductio.]

1. The act of subducting or taking away. Bp. Hall.

2. Arithmetical subtraction. Sir M. Hale.

SUBDUE Sub*due", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subdued; p. pr. & vb. n. Subduing.] Etym: [OE. soduen, OF. sosduire to seduce, L. subtus below (fr. sub under) + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf. Subduct.]

1. To bring under; to conquer by force or the exertion of superior power, and bring into permanent subjection; to reduce under dominion; to vanquish. I will subdue all thine enemies. 1 Chron. xvii. 10.

2. To overpower so as to disable from further resistance; to crush. Nothing could have subdued nature To such a lowness, but his unkind daughters. Shak. If aught . . . were worthy to subdue The soul of man. Milton.

3. To destroy the force of; to overcome; as, medicines subdue a fever.

4. To render submissive; to bring under command; to reduce to mildness or obedience; to tame; as, to subdue a stubborn child; to subdue the temper or passions.

5. To overcome, as by persuasion or other mild means; as, to subdue opposition by argument or entreaties.

6. To reduce to tenderness; to melt; to soften; as, to subdue ferocity by tears.

7. To make mellow; to break, as land; also, to destroy, as weeds.

8. To reduce the intensity or degree of; to tone down; to soften; as, to subdue the brilliancy of colors.

Syn. -- To conquer; overpower; overcome; surmount; vanquish. See Conquer.

SUBDUED Sub*dued", a.

1. Conquered; overpowered; crushed; submissive; mild.

2. Not glaring in color; soft in tone.

SUBDUEMENT Sub*due"ment, n.

Defn: Subdual. [Obs.] Shak.

SUBDUER Sub*du"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, subdues; a conqueror. Spenser.

SUBDULCID Sub*dul"cid, a. Etym: [Pref. sub + L. dulcis sweet.]

Defn: Somewhat sweet; sweetish. [R.]

SUBDUPLE Sub"du*ple, a. (Math.)

Defn: Indicating one part of two; in the ratio of one to two. Subduple ratio, the ratio of 1 to 2: thus, 3:6 is a subduple ratio, as 6:3 is a duple ratio.

SUBDUPLICATE Sub*du"pli*cate, a. (Math.)

Defn: Expressed by the square root; -- said of ratios. Subduplicate ratio, the ratio of the square roots, or the square root of a ratio; thus, the subduplicate ratio of a to b is *a to *b, or *a/b.

SUBDURAL Sub*du"ral, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the dura mater, or between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane.

SUBEDITOR Sub*ed"i*tor, n.

Defn: An assistant editor, as of a periodical or journal.

SUBELONGATE Sub`e*lon"gate, a.

Defn: Not fully elongated; somewhat elongated.

SUBENDOCARDIAL Sub*en`do*car"di*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the endocardium.

SUBENDYMAL Sub*en"dy*mal, a. Etym: [Pref. sub + endyma.]

Defn: Situated under the endyma.

SUBEPIDERMAL Sub*ep`i*der"mal, a.

Defn: Situated immediately below the epidermis.

SUBEPIGLOTTIC Sub*ep`i*glot"tic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the epiglottis.

SUBEPITHELIAL Sub*ep`i*the"li*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated under the epithelium.

SUBEQUAL Sub*e"qual, a.

Defn: Nearly equal.

SUBERATE Su"ber*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. subérate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of suberic acid.

SUBEREOUS Su*be"re*ous, a. Etym: [L. subereus of the cork tree.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to cork; of the nature of cork; suberose.

SUBERIC Su*ber"ic, a. Etym: [L. suber the cork tree: cf. F. subéreque.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to cork; specifically, designating an acid, C

SUBERIN Su"ber*in, n. Etym: [L. suber the cork tree: cf. F. subérine.] (Bot.)

Defn: A material found in the cell walls of cork. It is a modification of lignin.

SUBERITE Su"ber*ite, n. Etym: [L. suber the cork tree.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any sponge of the genus Suberites and allied genera. These sponges have a fine and compact texture, and contain minute siliceous spicules.

SUBERIZATION Su`ber*i*za"tion, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Conversion of the cell walls into cork tissue by development of suberin; -- commonly taking place in exposed tissues, as when a callus forms over a wound. Suberized cell walls are impervious to water.

SUBERIZE Su"ber*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. -ized; p. pr. & vb. n. -izing.] [L. suber cork.] (Bot.)

Defn: To effect suberization of.

SUBERONE Su"ber*one, n. (Chem.) (a) The hypothetical ketone of suberic acid. (b) A colorless liquid, analogous suberone proper, having a pleasant peppermint odor. It is obtained by the distillation of calcium suberate.

SUBEROSE; SUBEROUS Su"ber*ose`, Su"ber*ous, a. Etym: [L. suber the cork tree: cf. F. subéreux.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having a corky texture.

SUBESOPHAGEAL Sub*e`so*phag"e*al, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Situated beneath the esophagus. [Written also suboesophageal.] Subesophageal ganglion (Zoöl.), a large special ganglion situated beneath the esophagus of arthropods, annelids, and some other invertebrates.

SUBFAMILY Sub*fam"i*ly, n. (Biol.)

Defn: One of the subdivisions, of more importance than genus, into which certain families are divided.

SUBFIBROUS Sub*fi"brous, a.

Defn: Somewhat fibrous.

SUBFUSCOUS Sub*fus"cous, a. Etym: [L. subfuscus, suffuscus. See Sub-, and Fuscous.]

Defn: Duskish; moderately dark; brownish; tawny.

SUBFUSK Sub*fusk", a.

Defn: Subfuscous. [Obs.] Tatler.

SUBGELATINOUS Sub`ge*lat"i*nous, a.

Defn: Imperfectly or partially gelatinous.

SUBGENERIC Sub`ge*ner"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a subgenus.

SUBGENUS Sub*ge"nus, n.; pl. Subgenera (. (Biol.)